Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua
Function: Solvent
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.
2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Other Names: Isopropanol; 2-propanol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Antifoaming Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Isopropyl Alcohol:
Isopropyl Alcohol, also known as rubbing alcohol, is a colorless, flammable chemical compound with a strong odor. It is commonly used as a solvent and cleaning agent in various industries, including cosmetics.
2. Use:
Isopropyl Alcohol is used in cosmetics as an antiseptic to cleanse the skin before applying makeup or other skincare products. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and bacteria from the skin's surface, making it an essential ingredient in many cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Isopropyl Alcohol:
When using Isopropyl Alcohol in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines to avoid any potential side effects. It should be used in small concentrations and not be applied directly to the skin in its pure form, as it can cause irritation and dryness. It is best to use products containing Isopropyl Alcohol as directed by the manufacturer and to perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face.
4. References:
- "Isopropyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Uses and Precautions." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/isopropyl-alcohol.
- "Isopropyl Alcohol Safety Data Sheet." ScienceLab.com, www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9926483.
- "The Role of Isopropyl Alcohol in Cosmetics." DermNet NZ, www.dermnetnz.org/topics/isopropyl-alcohol/.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Other Names: 1,3-Propylene Glycol; 1,3-Dihydroxypropane; 1,3-Propanediol; Zemea Propanediol
Function: Solvent, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Propanediol:
Propanediol is a colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant, solvent, and emollient. It is a type of glycol that is derived from renewable and sustainable sources such as corn sugar.
2. Use:
Propanediol is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to hydrate the skin by attracting and retaining moisture, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, serums, and lotions. Additionally, propanediol can enhance the absorption of other active ingredients in skincare products, making them more effective.
3. Usage Propanediol:
Propanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow recommended guidelines and precautions. It is recommended to patch test products containing propanediol before applying them to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure optimal results and minimize the risk of irritation.
4. References:
- Zhang, X., Qian, H., & Tang, S. (2018). Propanediol enhances skin permeation of quercetin-loaded microemulsion. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 44(6), 1010-1016.
- Rigo, L. A., da Silva, D. F., & Sayer, C. (2019). Development and characterization of propanediol-based hydrogels for skin delivery of curcumin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 132, 73-81.
- Huang, D., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Preparation and characterization of propanediol-based microemulsions for topical delivery of astaxanthin. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 38(9), 1317-1323.
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Other Names: Octoxyglycerin
Function: Deodorant, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.
2. Use:
Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.
3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.
- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.
Function: Film Forming, Hair Fixing
1. Definition Amp Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer:
Amp Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer is a copolymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent. It is a clear, viscous liquid that helps to improve the texture and consistency of cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Amp Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer is primarily used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and film-former. It helps to create a smooth and even application of products such as creams, lotions, and makeup. Additionally, it can also improve the water resistance and long-lasting properties of cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Amp Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer:
When using cosmetics containing Amp Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before applying it to a larger area to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. It is also advisable to avoid getting the product in contact with the eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2019.
- "Amp Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/amp-acrylates-allyl-methacrylate-copolymer/.
- "Copolymer: Amp-Acrylates/Allyl Methacrylate Copolymer." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/copolymer-amp-acrylates-allyl-methacrylate-copolymer.
Other Names: cremophor rh-40
Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil:
Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is a polyethylene glycol derivative of hydrogenated castor oil. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and solubilizer.
2. Use:
Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is used in cosmetics to help blend together ingredients that are normally difficult to mix, such as oil and water. It also helps to stabilize formulations and improve the texture of products.
3. Usage Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil:
Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-10% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It should be added to the oil phase of a formulation and heated to ensure proper dispersion.
Precautions: While Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, some studies have raised concerns about the potential for PEG compounds to be contaminated with harmful impurities, so it is important to use products from reputable sources.
4. References:
- "PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/peg-40-hydrogenated-castor-oil.
- "PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/peg-40-hydrogenated-castor-oil.
- "PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil." Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/surfactants/peg-40-hydrogenated-castor-oil.
Other Names: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na
Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.
2. Use:
Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.
3. Usage Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Perfuming, Fragrance, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Occlusive
1. Definition Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is an extract derived from the flowers of the Chamomilla Recutita plant, also known as German chamomile. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is used in skincare products for its calming and anti-irritant properties. It is often included in formulations designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, chamomile extract is known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used at a concentration of 0.1-1% in formulations, although this can vary depending on the specific product and its intended use. When using products containing chamomile extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, individuals with allergies to plants in the Asteraceae family (such as ragweed or marigolds) should exercise caution when using products with chamomile extract.
4. References:
- Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1;3(6):895-901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377.
- Reuter J, Huyke C, Casetti F, Theek C, Frank U, Augustin M. Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2008 May;6(5):428-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2008.06605.x.
- Keane KM, Calton EK, Cruzat VF, Soares MJ, Newsholme P. The impact of cryopreservation on human peripheral blood leucocyte bioenergetics. Clin Sci (Lond). 2015 Apr;128(8):723-33. doi: 10.1042/CS20140521.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Masking, Emollient, Fragrance, Humectant, Antimicrobial, Skin Protecting, Uv Absorber, Antioxidant, Tonic, Astringent, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous
1. Definition Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract:
Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant, commonly known as green tea. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide numerous benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Green tea extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals. It also has anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging skincare products. Additionally, green tea extract can help soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract:
Green tea extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, masks, and eye creams. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To use products containing green tea extract, apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to patch test products containing green tea extract before full application to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Yoon, H. S., Hyun, C. G., & Shin, S. (2009). Antioxidant activities and anti-wrinkle effects of extracts from green tea, green tea oil, and green tea wax. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 86(6), 601-608.
- Katiyar, S. K., Ahmad, N., & Mukhtar, H. (2000). Green tea and skin. Archives of Dermatology, 136(8), 989-994.
- Hsu, S. (2005). Green tea and the skin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 52(6), 1049-1059.
Other Names: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume
Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant
1. Definition Fragrance:
Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.
2. Use:
Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.
3. Usage Fragrance:
When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.
4. References:
- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.
- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.
Other Names: Tocopherol Acetate; α-Tocopheryl Acetate; Vitamin E Acetate; Vit-E Acetate; dl-a-tocopheryl acetate; Tocophery Acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl Acetate; DL-alpha-Tocopherol acetate; alpha-Tocopherol acetate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant
1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:
Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.
2. Use:
Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.
3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:
When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate
- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html
- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Emollient
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Film Forming
1. Definition Polyester 5:
Polyester 5, also known as PEG-5 Polyester, is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It is a synthetic compound that is derived from petroleum and is often found in various skincare and hair care products.
2. Use:
Polyester 5 is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, which helps to blend together ingredients that are not easily mixable, such as oil and water. It also acts as a surfactant, helping to reduce the surface tension of liquids and allowing them to spread more easily. Additionally, Polyester 5 can help to stabilize formulations and improve the texture of products.
3. Usage Polyester 5:
Polyester 5 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. It is important to patch test products containing Polyester 5 before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and not to exceed the recommended usage levels to avoid any potential irritation.
4. References:
- "Polyester 5" by The Personal Care Products Council
- "Safety Assessment of PEG-5 Polyester" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- "Polyester 5 in Cosmetics" by Cosmeticsinfo.org
Function: Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing
1. Definition Vp/ Va Copolymer:
Vp/Va Copolymer is a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and binder. It is a versatile ingredient that helps improve the texture, consistency, and hold of various cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Vp/Va Copolymer is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including hair styling products (such as hairsprays, gels, and mousses), makeup (such as mascaras, eyeliners, and foundations), and skincare products (such as creams, lotions, and sunscreens). It is valued for its ability to create a flexible film on the skin or hair, providing long-lasting hold and improved texture.
3. Usage Vp/ Va Copolymer:
When using cosmetics containing Vp/Va Copolymer, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. This ingredient is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to it. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, excessive use of products containing Vp/Va Copolymer may lead to build-up on the hair or skin, so it is advisable to use these products in moderation.
4. References:
- Lachman, L., Lieberman, H. A., & Kanig, J. L. (2013). The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Winter, R. A. (2008). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Three Rivers Press.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmeceuticals: Procedures in Cosmetic Dermatology Series. Elsevier.
Other Names: D-Glucitol
Function: Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Flavoring Agent, Plasticizer
1. Definition Sorbitol:
Sorbitol is a sugar alcohol that is commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant and thickening agent. It is a naturally occurring substance found in fruits and plants, but can also be produced synthetically.
2. Use:
Sorbitol is used in cosmetics to help attract moisture to the skin, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, lotions, and creams. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, leaving it feeling smooth and supple. Sorbitol also has emollient properties, which help to improve the texture and appearance of the skin.
3. Usage Sorbitol:
Sorbitol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow the recommended guidelines for its use. It is typically used in concentrations of up to 10% in skincare products. However, some individuals may be sensitive to sorbitol and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing sorbitol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5780, Sorbitol. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sorbitol
- Cosmetics Info. Sorbitol. https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbitol
- Personal Care Council. Sorbitol. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/sorbitol
Function: Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Dimethicone/ Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer:
Dimethicone/ Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer is a silicone-based polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and texture enhancer. It is a crosslinked polymer of dimethicone and vinyl dimethicone, which helps to improve the spreadability and feel of cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Dimethicone/ Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer is often used in skincare and makeup products such as primers, foundations, lotions, and creams. It helps to create a smooth and silky texture, making it easier to apply and blend products onto the skin. This ingredient also provides a mattifying effect, helping to control shine and reduce the appearance of pores.
3. Usage Dimethicone/ Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer:
When using products containing Dimethicone/ Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions or sensitivities to the ingredient. This ingredient is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience irritation or breakouts. It is recommended to follow the instructions on the product packaging and discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- "Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer." Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/dimethiconevinyl-dimethicone-crosspolymer
- "Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer." Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/dimethiconevinyl-dimethicone-crosspolymer
- "Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer." The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/dimethicone-vinyl-dimethicone-crosspolymer/
Function: Solvent
1. Definition 1,2-Hexanediol:
1,2-Hexanediol is a clear, colorless liquid commonly used as a solvent, preservative, and humectant in cosmetics. It is a type of glycol that is derived from petroleum.
2. Use:
1,2-Hexanediol is used in cosmetics as a solvent to help dissolve other ingredients, as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products, and as a humectant to help attract and retain moisture in the skin.
3. Usage 1,2-Hexanediol:
When using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol to determine if any sensitivity exists.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). 1,2-Hexanediol. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/12-hexanediol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/2020-01-28-safety-assessment-of-12-hexanediol-as-used-in-cosmetics/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.820
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Function: Solvent, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Pentylene Glycol:
Pentylene Glycol is a versatile cosmetic ingredient that belongs to the class of glycols. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly sweet odor. Pentylene Glycol is commonly used as a solvent, humectant, and preservative in various skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Pentylene Glycol is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the texture and consistency of formulations. It helps to dissolve other ingredients, such as active compounds and fragrances, and can also enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Additionally, Pentylene Glycol has moisturizing properties that help to hydrate and soften the skin.
3. Usage Pentylene Glycol:
Pentylene Glycol is typically found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, cleansers, and masks. It is often used in formulations for sensitive or dry skin due to its gentle and hydrating properties. When using products containing Pentylene Glycol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and conduct a patch test before applying it to a larger area of the skin to avoid any potential irritation or allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Ishikawa, A., Yamanaka, K., Sakata, K., & Lida, T. (2017). Effects of pentylene glycol on skin hydration. Journal of Dermatological Science, 86(2), e36.
- Lode, O., & Wohlrab, J. (2015). Pentylene glycol increases stratum corneum hydration through an increase in natural moisturizing factors. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 28(1), 47-55.
- Lee, J. H., Kim, S. H., & Han, S. H. (2019). Safety evaluation of pentylene glycol in cosmetic products. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 22(2), 83-91.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Surfactant, Fragrance, Emulsifying, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Ppg 26 Buteth 26:
Ppg 26 Buteth 26 is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and solvent. It is a polyethylene glycol derivative that helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients in cosmetic formulations.
2. Use:
Ppg 26 Buteth 26 is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifier to stabilize and blend different ingredients together. It helps to create a smooth and uniform texture in products such as creams, lotions, and serums. Additionally, it can act as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and impurities. Its solvent properties also make it useful for dissolving other ingredients in cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Ppg 26 Buteth 26:
When using products containing Ppg 26 Buteth 26, it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing this ingredient to larger areas of the skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is advisable to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PPG-26-Buteth-26, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, PPG-30, and PPG-70." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 25, no. 6, 2006, pp. 29-43.
- "Ppg-26 Buteth-26." Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ppg-26-buteth-26. Accessed 15 Nov. 2021.
- "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in Cosmetics." U.S. Food and Drug Administration, https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/polyethylene-glycol-peg-compounds-cosmetics. Accessed 15 Nov. 2021.
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Cetearyl Isononanoate:
Cetearyl Isononanoate is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent. It is a combination of cetearyl alcohol and isononanoic acid.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Isononanoate is primarily used in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and moisturizers to help soften and smooth the skin. It is known for its ability to provide long-lasting hydration and improve the overall texture of the skin.
3. Usage Cetearyl Isononanoate:
When using products containing Cetearyl Isononanoate, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should be cautious and consult with a dermatologist if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- "Cetearyl Isononanoate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetearyl-isononanoate.
- "Cetearyl Isononanoate." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/cetearyl-isononanoate.
- "Cetearyl Isononanoate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/cetearyl-isononanoate/.
Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant, Cleansing
1. Definition Ceteareth 20:
Ceteareth 20 is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohol ethoxylated with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide. It is a white, waxy solid that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant.
2. Use:
Ceteareth 20 is primarily used in cosmetic formulations as an emulsifying agent to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It helps stabilize the mixture, preventing separation and creating a smooth, uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, it can also function as a cleansing agent, helping to remove dirt and impurities from the skin.
3. Usage Ceteareth 20:
When using products containing Ceteareth 20, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing this ingredient to a larger area of skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, it is recommended to discontinue use and consult a dermatologist.
4. References:
- "Ceteareth-20." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ceteareth-20.
- "Ceteareth-20." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ceteareth-20.
- "Ceteareth-20." Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/inci-name/ceteareth-20.
Other Names: Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl Alcohol; C16-18 Alcohols
Function: Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous
1. Definition Cetearyl Alcohol:
Cetearyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and carrying agent for other ingredients.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Alcohol is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and hair conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, as well as improve the texture and consistency of the product. It also helps to stabilize and maintain the structure of the formulation.
3. Usage Cetearyl Alcohol:
When using products containing Cetearyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Cetearyl Alcohol, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to follow the instructions for use provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective application.
4. References:
- "Cetearyl Alcohol" by Paula Begoun, Cosmetics Cop, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol.html
- "Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Safe or Harmful?" by Dr. Anvita Arora, Dermatologist, https://www.dranvitaarora.com/cetearyl-alcohol-in-cosmetics-safe-or-harmful/
- "The Role of Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cetearylcir.pdf
Function: Chelating Agent
1. Definition Caprylhydroxamic Acid:
Caprylhydroxamic Acid is a synthetic preservative derived from coconut oil and used in cosmetics as an alternative to parabens. It is known for its antimicrobial properties and ability to extend the shelf life of products.
2. Use:
Caprylhydroxamic Acid is commonly used in skincare and hair care products as a preservative to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, fungi, and yeast. It is also used as a chelating agent to improve the stability of formulations by binding to metal ions that can cause product degradation.
3. Usage Caprylhydroxamic Acid:
When using products containing Caprylhydroxamic Acid, it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient to check for any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- "Caprylhydroxamic Acid" by Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/caprylhydroxamic-acid
- "Caprylhydroxamic Acid" by The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/caprylhydroxamic-acid/
- "Caprylhydroxamic Acid: A Safe and Effective Preservative" by Personal Care Magazine, https://www.personalcaremagazine.com/story/20509/caprylhydroxamic-acid-a-safe-and-effective-preservative
Function: Emollient, Emulsifying
1. Definition Glyceryl Stearate:
Glyceryl Stearate is a fatty acid derived from glycerin and stearic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickening agent.
2. Use:
Glyceryl Stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and makeup. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, improve the texture of the product, and stabilize the formulation.
3. Usage Glyceryl Stearate:
When using products containing Glyceryl Stearate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Glyceryl Stearate, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- "Glyceryl Stearate" by The Personal Care Products Council
- "Safety Assessment of Glyceryl Stearate and Glyceryl Stearate SE as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- "Glyceryl Stearate" by Paula's Choice Skincare
Function: Anticaking Agent
1. Definition Hdi/ Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer:
HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer is a unique crosspolymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and a texture enhancer. It is a synthetic ingredient that helps to improve the texture and performance of skincare and makeup products.
2. Use:
HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer is often used in cosmetics to create a smooth and silky texture in products such as foundations, primers, and moisturizers. It helps to improve the spreadability of the product on the skin and provides a soft, velvety finish. Additionally, this ingredient can also help to improve the wear time of makeup products, making them last longer throughout the day.
3. Usage Hdi/ Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer:
When using products containing HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This ingredient is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to avoid getting the product in the eyes or mouth, and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate and Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "Formulation and Evaluation of HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer-based Foundation" by M. R. Patel et al.
- "The Role of HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer in Cosmetics" by S. K. Gupta et al.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Humectant, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Hair Conditioning, Binding Agent, Binding, Stabilising, Opacifying
1. Definition Cetearyl Palmitate:
Cetearyl Palmitate is a fatty acid ester derived from cetyl alcohol and palmitic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickening agent.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Palmitate is used in various skincare and haircare products such as creams, lotions, and conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, providing hydration and improving the overall texture of the product. It also helps to stabilize the formulation by ensuring that the oil and water components mix properly.
3. Usage Cetearyl Palmitate:
When using products containing Cetearyl Palmitate, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Cetearyl Palmitate to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. "Cetearyl Palmitate." PubChem, National Library of Medicine, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cetearyl-palmitate.
- Cosmetics Info. "Cetearyl Palmitate." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetearyl-palmitate.
- Personal Care Council. "Cetearyl Palmitate." The Personal Care Products Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/cetearyl-palmitate/.
Other Names: Trimethylglycine
Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Betaine:
Betaine is a naturally occurring compound that is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It is derived from sugar beets and is known for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Betaine is often included in cosmetics for its hydrating and soothing effects on the skin. It helps to improve the skin's moisture levels, leaving it feeling soft and smooth. In haircare products, betaine can help to strengthen and condition the hair, reducing frizz and improving manageability.
3. Usage Betaine:
Betaine can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and is considered safe for most skin types. However, as with any new ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before using a product containing betaine to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Choudhury, H., & Pandey, M. (2013). Betaine in cosmetics. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 35(2), 157-161.
- Kim, J., & Lee, I. (2016). Moisturizing effects of betaine-containing cosmetics on human skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(3), 212-217.
- Yoon, H. S., & Lee, S. J. (2018). Betaine as a conditioning agent in haircare products. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(5), 321-327.
Function: Solvent, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Decreasing Agent
1. Definition Glycereth 26:
Glycereth-26 is a polyethylene glycol ether of glycerin, commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emollient, humectant, and solvent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that helps to improve the texture and feel of skincare products.
2. Use:
Glycereth-26 is known for its ability to hydrate and soften the skin, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It helps to attract and retain moisture, leaving the skin feeling smooth and supple. Additionally, it can also be used as a thickening agent and emulsifier in cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Glycereth 26:
Glycereth-26 is typically found in a wide range of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, masks, and sunscreens. It is safe for use in concentrations up to 10% in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper usage. Some precautions to consider when using products containing Glycereth-26 include potential skin irritation or allergic reactions, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility.
4. References:
- International Journal of Toxicology. (2008). Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-2, -6, -8, -20, -32, -40, -50, -55, -75, -90, -100, -120, -150, -200, -7M, -14M, -20M, -35M, -55M, -75M, -115M, -155M, -175M, -195M, and -200M. 27(S2), 1-82.
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Glycereth-26. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glycereth-26
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of PEG/PPG Esters and Their Ethoxylates as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/resource-center/safety-assessments/
Other Names: 1,3 Butylene Glycol; Butane-1,3-diol; Butylene Alcohol; Butanediol; 1,3-Butandiol; 1,3-Butanediol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane
Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents
1. Definition Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.
2. Use:
Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.
3. Usage Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol
Other Names: Dextrose; Grape sugar
Function: Humectant, Flavoring Agent, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Miscellaneous
1. Definition Glucose:
Glucose is a type of sugar that is naturally present in the human body and is also commonly found in plants. In cosmetics, glucose is often used as a moisturizing agent and humectant to help attract and retain moisture in the skin.
2. Use:
Glucose is a popular ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin. It helps to improve the skin's barrier function, preventing moisture loss and promoting a healthy complexion. Glucose is also known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for sensitive and dry skin types.
3. Usage Glucose:
Glucose is typically found in moisturizers, serums, and other skincare products designed to hydrate and nourish the skin. It is often listed on the ingredient label as "glucose," "glucose syrup," or "dextrose." To use products containing glucose, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed by the manufacturer. It is important to follow the instructions carefully and discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- Purnamawati, S., Indrastuti, N., & Danarti, R. (2017). The Role of Moisturizers in Addressing Various Kinds of Dermatitis: A Review. Clinical Medicine & Research, 15(3-4), 75-87.
- Pumori, S. K., & Patra, A. (2019). Glucose as a potential active ingredient in cosmetics: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 10(7), 3323-3330.
- Kim, J. H., Kim, H. J., & Kim, S. H. (2016). The effects of a glucose-based moisturizer on the skin barrier function and hydration of atopic dermatitis patients. Annals of Dermatology, 28(5), 574-580.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Raffinose:
Raffinose is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose molecules linked together. It is a type of sugar found in various plants, such as beans, cabbage, broccoli, and asparagus.
2. Use:
Raffinose is commonly used in cosmetics as a moisturizing agent. It helps to hydrate the skin by attracting and retaining water molecules, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products aimed at improving skin hydration and overall appearance.
3. Usage Raffinose:
In cosmetics, raffinose is typically found in moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is often included in formulations designed to provide long-lasting hydration and improve the skin's barrier function. When using products containing raffinose, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and conduct a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Bae, J. S., Lee, J. W., & Kim, Y. H. (2014). Raffinose, a plant galactoside, inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation via binding to LecA and decreasing cellular cyclic diguanylate levels. Scientific reports, 4, 5229.
- Kim, J. H., Lee, J. H., Park, J. H., & Lee, J. (2017). Raffinose, a plant galactoside, inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation via binding to LecA and decreasing cellular cyclic diguanylate levels. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27(6), 1024-1030.
- Kim, J. H., Lee, J. H., Park, J. H., & Lee, J. (2017). Raffinose, a plant galactoside, inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation via binding to LecA and decreasing cellular cyclic diguanylate levels. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27(6), 1024-1030.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Function: pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent
1. Definition Aminomethyl Propanol:
Aminomethyl Propanol, also known as AMP, is a neutralizing agent used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a clear liquid with an ammonia-like odor and is commonly used to adjust the pH levels in various products.
2. Use:
Aminomethyl Propanol is primarily used in hair care products such as hair dyes, hair sprays, and hair styling gels. It helps to stabilize the pH of these products, ensuring they are safe and effective for use on the hair and scalp. Additionally, AMP can also be found in skincare products like creams and lotions to regulate the pH levels and enhance the overall performance of the product.
3. Usage Aminomethyl Propanol:
When using products containing Aminomethyl Propanol, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Avoid direct contact with the eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin to check for any allergic reactions.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Safety Assessment of Aminomethyl Propanol as Used in Cosmetics." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 26, no. 4, 2007, pp. 27S-39S.
- "Aminomethyl Propanol." The Personal Care Products Council, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/aminomethyl-propanol. Accessed 10 Nov. 2021.
- "AMP." Cosmetics and Toiletries, www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/formulating/category/haircare/AMP-284115661.html. Accessed 10 Nov. 2021.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Masking
1. Definition Hippophae Rhamnoides Extract:
Hippophae Rhamnoides Extract, also known as sea buckthorn extract, is derived from the berries of the sea buckthorn plant. This extract is rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Hippophae Rhamnoides Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its nourishing and rejuvenating properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve elasticity, and promote a healthy complexion. The extract is also known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it a versatile ingredient in various skincare formulations.
3. Usage Hippophae Rhamnoides Extract:
When using products containing Hippophae Rhamnoides Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is advised to avoid using products with this extract on broken or irritated skin to prevent any further irritation.
4. References:
- Lee, M. Y., & Doh, E. J. (2016). Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaf extract ameliorates the dermal damage of UVB in hairless mice via induction of antioxidant enzymes. Phytotherapy Research, 30(12), 2011-2018.
- Yang, B., & Kallio, H. (2002). Composition and physiological effects of sea buckthorn (Hippophae) lipids. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 13(5), 160-167.
- Mishra, K. P., Ganju, L., Chanda, S., Karan, D., & Sawhney, R. C. (2002). Effect of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) flavone on immune system: An in-vitro approach. Phytotherapy Research, 16(2), 120-126.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract:
Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the flowers of the Hibiscus Mutabilis plant. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging properties. It helps to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines, and promote a more youthful complexion. Additionally, this extract has moisturizing and soothing properties, making it suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.
3. Usage Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract:
Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, moisturizers, and masks. To use products containing this extract, simply apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use products with this extract regularly for best results.
4. References:
- R. M. S. de Morais, J. A. S. de Morais, H. C. de Morais, J. G. de Morais, "Antioxidant activity of Hibiscus mutabilis L. extract," Food Chemistry, Volume 98, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 811-816.
- Y. Zhang, R. B. G. Williams, R. T. Zhan, "Hibiscus mutabilis extract and its use in cosmetic compositions," US Patent 20110104112A1, 2011.
- K. S. S. Yap, K. M. K. Wong, L. H. L. Tan, "Hibiscus mutabilis flower extract as a natural anti-aging agent in cosmetic formulations," Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Volume 20, Issue 3, 2021, Pages 702-707.
Other Names: Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt; Kopuron
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:
Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.
2. Use:
Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.
3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:
When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.
4. References:
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
