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| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | B | (Deodorant, Preservative, Antistatic Agent, Antimicrobial Agent, Cosmetic Biocide, Surfactant - Suspending Agent) | |
| 1 | - | | |
| 1 | A | (Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsifying, Surfactant, Sufactant) | |
| 1 | A | (Surfactant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsifying, Sufactant) | |
| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | (Solvent, Skin Conditioning, Masking, Emollient, Fragrance, Hair Conditioning) |   |
| 1 | - | (Solvent) | |
| 1 3 | B | (Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Emollient) |  |
| 1 2 | A | (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant ) |  |
Benzalkonium Chloride (0.10%)
1. Definition Benzalkonium Chloride:
Benzalkonium Chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is known for its antimicrobial properties and ability to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and viruses.2. Use:
Benzalkonium Chloride is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products and prevent contamination. It is often found in skincare products, such as cleansers, toners, and moisturizers, as well as in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners.3. Usage Benzalkonium Chloride:
When using cosmetics containing Benzalkonium Chloride, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically safe for use in low concentrations, but can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Benzalkonium Chloride to check for any adverse reactions.4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2014). Final report on the safety assessment of benzalkonium chloride. International Journal of Toxicology, 33(3), 1-14.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2016). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.155
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 15865, Benzalkonium chloride. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Benzalkonium-chloride
Soap
1. Definition Soap:
Soap in cosmetics refers to a cleansing agent that is made from the combination of fats or oils with an alkali substance, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. It is used to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.2. Use:
Soap in cosmetics is primarily used as a cleansing agent to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair. It helps to unclog pores, prevent acne breakouts, and maintain overall skin health. Soap can also be used to cleanse the scalp and hair, promoting a healthy scalp and shiny, clean hair.3. Usage Soap:
When using soap in cosmetics, it is important to wet the skin or hair with warm water before applying the soap. Gently massage the soap onto the skin or hair in circular motions, being careful not to scrub too harshly. Rinse thoroughly with warm water to remove all traces of soap. It is recommended to follow up with a moisturizer to prevent dryness and maintain skin hydration.Precautions: Some soaps may contain harsh ingredients that can irritate sensitive skin or cause allergic reactions. It is important to patch test a small amount of soap on a small area of skin before using it all over the body. Avoid getting soap in the eyes, as it can cause irritation and discomfort. If irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetics in dermatology. CRC Press.
- Mukherjee, S., & Rastogi, R. (2009). Cosmetics: Formulation, manufacturing, and quality control. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: Complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics. Crown.
Sodium Palmate
1. Definition Sodium Palmate:
Sodium Palmate is a sodium salt derived from palm oil and is commonly used in the production of soap and cosmetics. It is a surfactant that helps to cleanse and create lather in skincare products.2. Use:
Sodium Palmate is often used as a cleansing agent in soap bars, body washes, and facial cleansers. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin, leaving it feeling clean and refreshed. Additionally, it can also act as an emulsifier, helping to blend oil and water-based ingredients together in cosmetics.3. Usage Sodium Palmate:
When using products containing Sodium Palmate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Avoid getting the product in your eyes, as it may cause irritation. It is also recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before using the product regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies.4. References:
- "Sodium Palmate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sodium-palmate.
- "Palm Oil and Palm Kernel Oil Derivatives." Personal Care Products Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/palm-oil-and-palm-kernel-oil-derivatives/.
- "Sodium Palmate." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/sodium-palmate.
Sodium Palm Kernelate
1. Definition Sodium Palm Kernelate:
Sodium Palm Kernelate is the sodium salt of the fatty acids derived from palm kernel oil. It is commonly used as a surfactant and cleansing agent in cosmetics and personal care products.2. Use:
Sodium Palm Kernelate is primarily used in skincare products such as soaps, cleansers, and shampoos due to its ability to create foam and effectively remove dirt and oil from the skin and hair. It helps to emulsify and suspend oils and dirt particles, allowing them to be rinsed away easily.3. Usage Sodium Palm Kernelate:
When using products containing Sodium Palm Kernelate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and rinsing. While generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Sodium Palm Kernelate, especially if you have sensitive skin.4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Palm Kernel Oil and Palm Kernelate-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (2016)
- "Palm oil and palm kernel oil extraction and refining in Malaysia" by Yew Ai Tan et al. (2018)
- "Formulation and Evaluation of Palm Kernel Oil Based Nanoemulsion for Topical Delivery of Acyclovir" by S. Verma et al. (2020)
