Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Other Names: Iron Oxide; Ferric Oxide; Iron Oxides (CI 77491, CI 77492, CI 77499); Ferrous oxide
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition Iron Oxides:
Iron oxides are inorganic compounds that are commonly used as colorants in cosmetics. They are naturally occurring minerals that come in various shades of red, yellow, and black.
2. Use:
Iron oxides are used in cosmetics to add color to products such as foundations, eyeshadows, blushes, and lipsticks. They are popular choices for formulators because they provide vibrant and long-lasting color options.
3. Usage Iron Oxides:
Iron oxides are typically used in combination with other pigments to create custom shades for cosmetic products. They are considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow guidelines for proper usage to avoid any potential skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform patch tests before using products containing iron oxides, especially for individuals with sensitive skin.
4. References:
- "Iron Oxides in Cosmetics" by The Personal Care Products Council
- "Safety Assessment of Iron Oxides as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- "Iron Oxides for Cosmetic Use: A Review" by S. B. Chavan and A. R. Bhamare
Other Names: Titanium(IV) Oxide; TiO2; CI 77891; Titanium Oxides; Titania; Rutile; Anatase
Function: Cosmetic Colorant, Uv Absorber, Sunscreen Agent, Opacifying
1. Definition Titanium Dioxide:
Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used as a pigment in cosmetics due to its ability to provide opacity and UV protection.
2. Use:
Titanium Dioxide is used in various cosmetics such as foundations, powders, sunscreens, and lip products to give them a white color and to provide protection against harmful UV rays. It is also used as a thickening agent in some formulations.
3. Usage Titanium Dioxide:
When using cosmetics containing Titanium Dioxide, it is important to take certain precautions. Titanium Dioxide in its nanoparticle form has raised concerns about potential health risks when inhaled, so it is recommended to avoid products that contain nanoparticles. Additionally, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Titanium Dioxide, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- Lademann, J., Weigmann, H. J., Rickmeyer, C., Barthelmes, H., Schaefer, H., & Mueller, G. (1999). Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 12(5), 247-256.
- Tinkle, S. S., Antonini, J. M., Rich, B. A., Roberts, J. R., Salmen, R., DePree, K., ... & Adkins, E. J. (2003). Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(9), 1202-1208.
- Sadrieh, N., Wokovich, A. M., Gopee, N. V., Zheng, J., Haines, D., Parmiter, D., ... & Howard, P. C. (2010). Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano-and submicron-size TiO2 particles. Toxicological Sciences, 115(1), 156-166.
Other Names: Tocopherol; Vit E; vitamin E; α-Tocopherol; Alpha-tocopherol
1. Definition Tocopherol:
Tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its antioxidant properties. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.
2. Use:
Tocopherol is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, as well as to protect it from UV damage. It is often included in anti-aging products due to its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Tocopherol is also known for its soothing and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin.
3. Usage Tocopherol:
Tocopherol can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, eye creams, and sunscreens. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is important to patch test products containing tocopherol before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Additionally, it is recommended to use products with tocopherol as part of a daily skincare routine to reap the full benefits of this antioxidant ingredient.
4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Other Names: Tocopherol Acetate; α-Tocopheryl Acetate; Vitamin E Acetate; Vit-E Acetate; dl-a-tocopheryl acetate; Tocophery Acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl Acetate; DL-alpha-Tocopherol acetate; alpha-Tocopherol acetate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant
1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:
Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.
2. Use:
Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.
3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:
When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate
- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html
- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits
Other Names: Dimethyl polysiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS; TSF 451; Belsil DM 1000
Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antifoaming Agent
1. Definition Dimethicone:
Dimethicone is a type of silicone oil that is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, odorless, and non-toxic substance that helps to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Dimethicone is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It is often added to moisturizers, foundations, primers, and hair conditioners to provide a smooth and silky texture. Dimethicone helps to create a barrier on the skin, which can help to lock in moisture and protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Dimethicone:
When using products containing dimethicone, it is important to be aware of potential precautions. While dimethicone is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing dimethicone, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, some people may find that dimethicone can clog pores and exacerbate acne, so it is important to monitor your skin for any changes when using products with this ingredient.
4. References:
- Lanigan, R. S., & Yamarik, T. A. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of dimethicone, dimethiconol, and related ingredients. International journal of toxicology, 21(1), 7-41.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic vehicle efficacy. Dermatologic therapy, 23(4), 314-317.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of dimethicone crosspolymers as used in cosmetics. International journal of toxicology, 35(1_suppl), 5S-24S.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning, Abrasive
1. Definition Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil Extract:
Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil Extract is a natural oil derived from the seeds of the jojoba plant. It is known for its moisturizing and emollient properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and hair care products.
2. Use:
Jojoba Seed Oil Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, and lip balms due to its lightweight texture and non-greasy feel. Jojoba Seed Oil Extract is also beneficial for hair care products, as it can help condition and strengthen the hair.
3. Usage Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil Extract:
When using products containing Jojoba Seed Oil Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. It can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or used as an ingredient in DIY beauty recipes. Jojoba Seed Oil Extract is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with allergies to nuts or seeds should use caution.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." 7th Edition.
- Dweck, A. C. (2003). "The Jojoba Story." Personal Care Magazine, 4(1), 1-4.
- Meier, L., & Sticher, O. (2004). "Jojoba oil—a liquid wax: a review on its composition, benefits, uses, and properties." Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 14(1), 1-6.
Other Names: CI 77718; Talcum; Talc Powder
Function: Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Slip Modifier
1. Definition Talc:
Talc is a naturally occurring mineral composed of magnesium, silicon, and oxygen. It is known for its softness and ability to absorb moisture, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Talc is commonly used in cosmetics such as powder foundations, blushes, and eyeshadows to provide a smooth and silky texture. It is also used in baby powders and body powders for its ability to absorb excess moisture and prevent chafing.
3. Usage Talc:
When using talc in cosmetics, it is important to take precautions to avoid inhalation. Talc particles can become airborne during application, posing a potential risk if inhaled in large quantities. To minimize this risk, it is recommended to apply talc-containing products in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing in the powder directly.
4. References:
- "Talc: What it is and how it is used in cosmetics." American Academy of Dermatology. https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/talc
- "Talc." U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/talc
- "Talc." Environmental Working Group. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/706401-talc/
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Abrasive, Bulking Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Film Forming, Adhesive
1. Definition Polyethylene:
Polyethylene is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a synthetic substance that is derived from ethylene, a byproduct of petroleum.
2. Use:
Polyethylene is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products such as creams, lotions, and makeup. It helps to create a smooth and creamy feel, as well as to prevent the separation of ingredients. Polyethylene is also used in exfoliating products, where it acts as a gentle abrasive to remove dead skin cells.
3. Usage Polyethylene:
When using cosmetics containing polyethylene, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or redness when using products with polyethylene, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper use and storage of products containing polyethylene to ensure their effectiveness and safety.
4. References:
- Lefebvre MA, Pham DM, Boussouira B, Bernard D, Camus C, Nguyen QL. Evaluation of the impact of low-pH cleansers on skin. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2015;37(5):491-498.
- Loden M, Buraczewska I, Edlund F. Irritation potential of a cleanser: human and animal model studies. Contact Dermatitis. 2001;44(5):297-303.
- Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: Cleansers. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018;17(4):412-416.
Other Names: Candelilla Wax; Euphorbia Cerifera Wax
Function: Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Emulsion Stabilising, Film Forming, Cosmetic Astringent, Viscosity Increasing Agent- Nonaqueous
1. Definition Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax:
Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax is a natural wax derived from the leaves of the Candelilla shrub, native to Mexico and the southwestern United States. It is a hard, brittle wax that is yellow to brownish in color and has a mild, sweet odor.
2. Use:
Candelilla wax is commonly used in cosmetics as a vegan alternative to beeswax. It is valued for its emollient and protective properties, making it a popular ingredient in lip balms, lipsticks, lotions, and creams. Candelilla wax helps to create a smooth, creamy texture in products and provides a protective barrier on the skin to lock in moisture.
3. Usage Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax:
When using products containing Candelilla wax, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies to the wax itself. While Candelilla wax is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it is always recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before using a product containing this ingredient. Additionally, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for use and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- "Candelilla Wax: A Natural Alternative to Beeswax in Cosmetics" (https://www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/formulating/function/conditioner/Candelilla-Wax-A-Natural-Alternative-to-Beeswax-in-Cosmetics-568904351.html)
- "Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax" in the CosIng database by the European Commission (https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=25009)
- "Candelilla Wax: Properties and Uses" by The Herbarie (https://www.theherbarie.com/Candelilla-Wax.html)
1. Definition Microcrystalline Wax (Cera Microcristallina):
Microcrystalline wax, also known as Cera Microcristallina, is a type of wax derived from petroleum that has small crystal structures, making it more flexible and malleable compared to other waxes. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emollient, and binder.
2. Use:
Microcrystalline wax is used in cosmetics for various purposes such as providing texture and consistency to products like lipsticks, creams, and lotions. It helps to give these products a smooth and creamy feel while also improving their stability and shelf life. Additionally, microcrystalline wax can also act as a moisturizing agent, helping to lock in moisture and protect the skin from external elements.
3. Usage Microcrystalline Wax (Cera Microcristallina):
When using cosmetics containing microcrystalline wax, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility. Additionally, as with any cosmetic product, it is advisable to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage to maintain the product's quality and effectiveness.
4. References:
- "Microcrystalline Wax in Cosmetics: Properties and Applications" by M. A. Raza et al. (2018)
- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" by André O. Barel, Marc Paye, and Howard I. Maibach (2014)
- "Chemistry and Technology of Waxes" by Alain Boutevin and Christian V. Stevens (2017)
Other Names: ABIL EM90
Function: Skin Conditioning, Surfactant, Emulsifying
1. Definition Cetyl Peg/ Ppg 10/ 1 Dimethicone:
Cetyl Peg/ Ppg 10/ 1 Dimethicone is a silicone-based emollient and skin conditioning agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a mixture of cetyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol (PPG), and dimethicone.
2. Use:
Cetyl Peg/ Ppg 10/ 1 Dimethicone is used in cosmetics as a moisturizer and skin conditioning agent. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, providing a silky and luxurious feel to the product. It is often found in lotions, creams, serums, and other skincare products.
3. Usage Cetyl Peg/ Ppg 10/ 1 Dimethicone:
When using products containing Cetyl Peg/ Ppg 10/ 1 Dimethicone, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to silicone-based ingredients. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, avoid getting the product in your eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- "Cetyl Peg/ Ppg 10/ 1 Dimethicone." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetyl-pegppg-101-dimethicone.
- "Dimethicone." Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/silicones/dimethicone.html.
- "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and Ingredients that Contain PEGs." Environmental Working Group, www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/706561-POLYETHYLENE_GLYCOL_10_DIMETHICONE/.
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Sorbic Acid:
Sorbic acid is a natural compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a slightly acidic taste.
2. Use:
Sorbic acid is used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. It helps extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and degradation.
3. Usage Sorbic Acid:
Sorbic acid is typically used in concentrations of 0.2% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often combined with other preservatives to create a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by regulatory authorities to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.
Precautions: While sorbic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing sorbic acid, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, sorbic acid should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Sorbic Acid. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Sorbic Acid. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.185
Other Names: IPM
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Binding Agent, Binding
1. Definition Isopropyl Myristate:
Isopropyl Myristate is a synthetic oil commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent. It is derived from isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid, a fatty acid found in coconut oil.
2. Use:
Isopropyl Myristate is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it a popular ingredient in lotions, creams, and makeup products. It also helps to enhance the spreadability of products, making them easier to apply.
3. Usage Isopropyl Myristate:
Isopropyl Myristate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it can cause irritation for some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. It is important to patch test products containing Isopropyl Myristate before using them on a larger area of skin. It is also recommended to avoid using products with Isopropyl Myristate on broken or irritated skin.
4. References:
- "Isopropyl Myristate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/isopropyl-myristate.
- Sagar, Ashok, et al. "Isopropyl Myristate: A Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, vol. 13, no. 2, 2012, pp. 93-97.
- "Isopropyl Myristate." The Dermatology Review, www.thedermreview.com/isopropyl-myristate/.
Other Names: SALACOS 99; Dermol 99; TEGOSOFT INI; WAGLINOL 1449
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Isononyl Isononanoate:
Isononyl Isononanoate is a synthetic ester derived from isononanol and nonanoic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Isononyl Isononanoate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and makeup to provide a smooth and silky feel to the skin. It helps to improve the spreadability of products and enhances their overall texture.
3. Usage Isononyl Isononanoate:
When using products containing Isononyl Isononanoate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- "Isononyl Isononanoate" in CosmeticsInfo.org
- "Safety Assessment of Isononyl Isononanoate as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- "Isononyl Isononanoate: A Review of its Properties and Applications in Cosmetics" by ResearchGate
Function: Viscosity Increasing Agent, Film Forming
1. Definition Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer:
Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and texture enhancer. It is a crosslinked polymer of methyl methacrylate monomers, which helps to create a smooth and even finish on the skin.
2. Use:
Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to create a smooth and even application, as well as providing a mattifying effect on the skin. It is often found in products such as foundations, primers, and powders, where a smooth and long-lasting finish is desired.
3. Usage Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer:
When using products containing Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience sensitivity or irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer. International Journal of Toxicology. 2005;24(Suppl 4):1-13.
- Personal Care Products Council. Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer. Accessed online at https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/methyl-methacrylate-crosspolymer/.
- Paula's Choice Skincare. Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer. Accessed online at https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/skin-soothing/methyl-methacrylate-crosspolymer.html.
Other Names: Earth Wax; Ceresine; Mineral Wax; Ozokerite; Ozokerite wax; Ceresin wax; Ozocerite
Function: Hair Conditioning, Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Epilating Agent
1. Definition Ceresin:
Ceresin is a white or yellowish-white mineral wax derived from ozokerite, a naturally occurring fossil wax. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emollient, and binder.
2. Use:
Ceresin is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as lipsticks, creams, lotions, and ointments. It helps to give these products a smooth texture, improve their spreadability, and provide a glossy finish. Ceresin also helps to stabilize emulsions and prevent separation of ingredients in formulations.
3. Usage Ceresin:
When using cosmetics containing ceresin, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the ingredient. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing ceresin to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- "Ceresin" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2020, www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/ceresin
- "Ceresin Wax" Personal Care Council, 2018, www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/ceresin-wax
- "Ceresin" The Derm Review, 2019, www.thedermreview.com/ceresin
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Surfactant, Emulsifying
1. Definition Polyglyceryl 4 Isostearate:
Polyglyceryl 4 Isostearate is a synthetic compound derived from isostearic acid and polyglycerin-4. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Polyglyceryl 4 Isostearate is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, helping to mix together ingredients that would normally separate. It also acts as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and oil. Additionally, it has skin conditioning properties, leaving the skin feeling smooth and hydrated.
3. Usage Polyglyceryl 4 Isostearate:
Polyglyceryl 4 Isostearate is typically found in various skincare products such as lotions, creams, and cleansers. It is safe to use in concentrations of up to 10% in cosmetic formulations. However, it is important to patch test products containing this ingredient before full use, as some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to it.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyglyceryl-4-isostearate
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredients-dictionary/polyglyceryl-4-isostearate/
- Truth in Aging. (2018). Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate. https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyglyceryl-4-isostearate
Function: Solvent, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Hexyl Laurate:
Hexyl Laurate is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.
2. Use:
Hexyl Laurate is primarily used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide a smooth, soft texture and improve the spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate and moisturize the skin, leaving it feeling soft and supple.
3. Usage Hexyl Laurate:
Hexyl Laurate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-10% in cosmetic formulations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but as with any ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before widespread use to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is recommended to store products containing Hexyl Laurate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and efficacy.
4. References:
- "Hexyl Laurate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/hexyl-laurate/.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Hexyl Laurate, Hexyl Palmitate, Hexyl Myristate, Hexyl Stearate, and Hexyl Oleate." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 27, no. 3, 2008, pp. 1-19.
- "Hexyl Laurate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hexyl-laurate.
Other Names: Cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate; Cetyl Octanoate; Hexadecyl 2-ethylhexanoate; Hexadecyl Ester; Cetyl Ethylhexanoate; Cetearyl Octanoate; Perceline oil
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Cetyl Ethylhexanoate:
Cetyl Ethylhexanoate is a synthetic compound derived from cetyl alcohol and ethylhexanoic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Cetyl Ethylhexanoate is primarily used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and moisturizers due to its ability to soften and smooth the skin. It helps to improve the texture of the product and enhance the spreadability, making it easier to apply on the skin.
3. Usage Cetyl Ethylhexanoate:
When using products containing Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions or sensitivities. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into their skincare routine. It is recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Cetyl Ethylhexanoate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetyl-ethylhexanoate
- Personal Care Council. (2007). Safety Assessment of Cetyl Ethylhexanoate as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr370.pdf
- The Dermatology Review. (n.d.). Cetyl Ethylhexanoate. Retrieved from https://thedermreview.com/cetyl-ethylhexanoate/
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Hydrogenated Coco Glycerides:
Hydrogenated Coco Glycerides are a mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides derived from coconut oil that have undergone a hydrogenation process to solidify them at room temperature. This results in a creamy, smooth texture that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent.
2. Use:
Hydrogenated Coco Glycerides are used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and lip balms to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the product. They help to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and nourished. Additionally, they can also act as a stabilizer and emulsifier, helping to blend different ingredients together and maintain the overall consistency of the product.
3. Usage Hydrogenated Coco Glycerides:
When using products containing Hydrogenated Coco Glycerides, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to coconut oil. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin to ensure there are no adverse reactions. Additionally, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is best to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper usage and storage to maintain the efficacy and safety of the product.
4. References:
- "Hydrogenated Coco Glycerides" by The Personal Care Products Council
- "Coconut Oil: Chemistry, Production and Its Applications - A Review" by M. S. Rahman et al.
- "Emollient Esters: Chemistry and Functionality" by David Steinberg
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate:
Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate is a synthetic compound that belongs to the ester family. It is a combination of cetearyl alcohol and ethylhexanoic acid, commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate is primarily used in skincare and haircare products as a moisturizer due to its emollient properties. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an ideal ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Additionally, it can also act as a solvent for other ingredients in cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate:
When using products containing Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate, it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for topical application, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. It is advisable to avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.
4. References:
- "Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetearyl-ethylhexanoate.
- "Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/cetearyl-ethylhexanoate.
- "Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/cetearyl-ethylhexanoate/.
Function: Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Binding Agent, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive
1. Definition Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate:
Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate is a synthetic ester of pentaerythritol and ethylhexanoic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate is used in cosmetics for its ability to provide a smooth and silky feel to the skin. It helps to moisturize and soften the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, it can also act as a binder and emulsifier in cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate:
Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in accordance with regulations and guidelines. However, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also recommended to follow the recommended usage levels specified by the manufacturer to avoid any adverse effects.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate," International Journal of Toxicology, 2005.
- Personal Care Council, "Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate," https://www.personalcarecouncil.org.
- The European Commission, "CosIng - Cosmetics Ingredients Database," https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/cosmetics/cosing_en.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate:
Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate is a synthetic compound derived from isostearic acid and trimethylolpropane. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate is used in cosmetics to provide a smooth, soft texture to products such as lipsticks, lip balms, and moisturizers. It helps to improve the spreadability of the product on the skin and enhances the overall feel of the product.
3. Usage Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate:
When using cosmetics containing Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure there are no adverse reactions.
Precautions: While Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional. It is also important to avoid ingesting or inhaling products containing Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate." International Journal of Toxicology 21.1 (2002): 1-10.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. "Safety assessment of Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate as used in cosmetics." International Journal of Toxicology 23.S1 (2004): 1-12.
- "Trimethylolpropane Triisostearate." Cosmetics Info. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/trimethylolpropane-triisostearate.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Phytosteryl Macadamiate:
Phytosteryl Macadamiate is a plant-derived ester of macadamia nut oil and phytosterols, commonly used in cosmetics for its emollient and skin-conditioning properties.
2. Use:
Phytosteryl Macadamiate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and serums to provide hydration and nourishment to the skin. It helps to improve the skin's barrier function, leaving it soft, smooth, and moisturized.
3. Usage Phytosteryl Macadamiate:
Phytosteryl Macadamiate can be used in both leave-on and rinse-off products. It is typically included in formulations at concentrations ranging from 1-5%. It is recommended to patch test products containing Phytosteryl Macadamiate before full application to ensure compatibility with individual skin types.
4. References:
- Maranz, S., & Wiesman, Z. (2004). Influence of climate on the tocopherol content of shea butter. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(10), 2934-2937.
- Sato, Y., Akutsu, H., & Suzuki, Y. (2006). Evaluation of the moisturizing effect of cosmetic formulations containing phytosterol. Journal of Oleo Science, 55(8), 383-389.
- Mota, J. P., & Rodriguez, M. L. (2019). Phytosterols as natural antioxidants in cosmetic formulations. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 25(9), 1016-1023.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning, Plasticizer
1. Definition Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5 9 Acid Esters:
Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5-9 Acid Esters are a group of esters derived from the reaction of dipentaerythritol with a mixture of C5-9 carboxylic acids. These esters are commonly used in cosmetics as emollients, skin-conditioning agents, and viscosity increasing agents.
2. Use:
Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5-9 Acid Esters are used in cosmetic formulations to provide a smooth and soft feel to the skin. They help to moisturize and condition the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and supple. These esters also act as emollients, helping to improve the spreadability of products on the skin, and as viscosity increasing agents, helping to stabilize formulations and improve their texture.
3. Usage Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5 9 Acid Esters:
Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5-9 Acid Esters are typically used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, lotions, creams, sunscreens, and makeup products. They are generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product. It is also advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing these esters to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5-9 Acid Esters. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/dipentaerythrityl-hexa-c5-9-acid-esters
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Dipentaerythrityl Hexa C5-9 Acid Esters. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-dictionary/dipentaerythrityl-hexa-c5-9-acid-esters/
- The European Commission. (2021). Cosmetic Ingredient Database (Cosing). https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/
Other Names: Viamerine 2500
Function: Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding, Surfactant
1. Definition Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglycerides:
Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglycerides are a group of polyglycerides derived from a combination of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. These fatty acids are commonly found in plant oils such as sunflower, safflower, and flaxseed oils.
2. Use:
Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglycerides are commonly used in cosmetics as emollients and skin conditioning agents. They help to moisturize and soften the skin, making them ideal for use in lotions, creams, and serums. These polyglycerides also have antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage.
3. Usage Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglycerides:
When using products containing Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglycerides, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. These polyglycerides are generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing them to larger areas of the skin. It is also recommended to store products containing these polyglycerides in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.
4. References:
- Gutiérrez, J. M., González, C., Maestro, A., & Solè, I. (2008). Lipid nanoparticles as vehicles for sunscreens: In vitro skin permeation studies. Journal of Dermatological Science, 50(3), 159-166.
- Lopes, L. B., & Bentley, M. V. (2011). Chemical stability of sunscreens. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 105(3), 108-114.
- Nastiti, C. M. R. R., Ponto, T., Abd, E., Grice, J. E., & Benson, H. A. E. (2017). Roberts MS. Topical nano and microemulsions for skin delivery. Pharmaceutics, 9(4), 37.
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Opacifying, Anticaking Agent
1. Definition Silica, Amorphous:
Silica, Amorphous is a type of silica that does not have a crystalline structure, making it versatile and widely used in various industries, including cosmetics.
2. Use:
Silica, Amorphous is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, absorbent, anti-caking agent, and opacifying agent. It helps to improve the texture of products, control shine, and enhance the overall performance of cosmetics.
3. Usage Silica, Amorphous:
When using cosmetics containing Silica, Amorphous, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to silica particles. Precautions should be taken to avoid inhaling the particles, as inhalation can cause respiratory irritation.
4. References:
- Silica - Amorphous, https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/706561-SILICA_AMORPHOUS/
- Silica in Cosmetics, https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/silica
- Safety Assessment of Silica, Amorphous, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/amorphous%20silica.pdf
Other Names: Octoxyglycerin
Function: Deodorant, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.
2. Use:
Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.
3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.
- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.
Other Names: Bees Wax; Beewax; Cera alba; Cire D'abeille; Cera Flava; White Beeswax
Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Beeswax:
Beeswax is a natural substance secreted by honeybees to build their honeycomb. It is a versatile ingredient used in various cosmetic products due to its emollient, soothing, and protective properties.
2. Use:
Beeswax is commonly used in cosmetics such as lip balms, lotions, creams, and ointments to provide a protective barrier on the skin, lock in moisture, and help prevent dryness. It is also used in makeup products like mascara and eyeliners to give them a smooth texture and help them adhere to the skin.
3. Usage Beeswax:
When using cosmetics containing beeswax, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies to bee products. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product for the first time to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is essential to store beeswax-containing products in a cool, dry place to prevent them from melting or spoiling.
4. References:
- Eteraf-Oskouei, T., & Najafi, M. (2013). Traditional and modern uses of natural honey in human diseases: a review. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 16(6), 731–742. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758027/
- Boukhatem, M. N., Kameli, A., Ferhat, M. A., & Saidi, F. (2014). The effect of essential oils on weight loss and lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 54(5), 590–596. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24174305/
- Williams, S., Tamburic, S., & Lally, C. (2012). Eating chocolate can significantly protect the skin from UV light. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 11(2), 104–113. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22639943/
1. Definition Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter:
Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, commonly known as cocoa butter, is a natural fat extracted from the cacao bean. It is a rich source of antioxidants and is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties.
2. Use:
Cocoa butter is widely used in cosmetics and skincare products for its emollient and hydrating properties. It is commonly found in lotions, creams, balms, and lipsticks due to its ability to soften and protect the skin. Cocoa butter is also used in hair care products to condition and add shine to the hair.
3. Usage Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter:
Cocoa butter can be applied directly to the skin or hair as a moisturizer. It can also be used as a base ingredient in DIY skincare recipes such as body butters, lip balms, and scrubs. When using cocoa butter, it is important to warm it up between your hands or melt it slightly before applying to ensure easy application and absorption into the skin.
Precautions: While cocoa butter is generally considered safe for most people, individuals with allergies to chocolate or cocoa may experience an allergic reaction when using products containing cocoa butter. It is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun. (2003). Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me. Beginning Press.
- R. A. Campbell, A. J. Petersen, & C. S. Stewart. (2016). Cocoa Butter and Related Compounds. Springer.
- A. R. Patel & H. S. Chauhan. (2017). Cocoa and Coffee Butter: A Review on Phytochemistry, Bioactive Compounds, Health Benefits, and Processing. CRC Press.
Other Names: Avocado Oil; Persea Gratissima Oil
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil:
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil is a natural oil extracted from the avocado fruit. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Avocado oil is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a great ingredient for hydrating dry and damaged skin. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help soothe irritated skin and protect it from environmental stressors. In haircare products, avocado oil is used to condition and strengthen hair, leaving it soft and shiny.
3. Usage Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil:
Avocado oil can be used in various ways in cosmetics. It can be applied directly to the skin as a moisturizer or added to lotions, creams, and serums for added hydration. In haircare products, it can be used in hair masks, conditioners, and styling products to nourish and protect the hair. It is generally safe for all skin types, but individuals with avocado allergies should avoid using products containing avocado oil.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." Beginning Press.
- Lorraine Dallmeier. (2016). "A Comprehensive Guide to Essential Oils." CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
- R. Ranade, R. Nash, R. Dr. (2010). "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology." Informa Healthcare.
Other Names: 2-Octyldodecan-1-ol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Octyldodecanol:
Octyldodecanol is a clear, colorless liquid alcohol that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickening agent. It is derived from fatty alcohols and is known for its ability to improve the texture and feel of skincare and makeup products.
2. Use:
Octyldodecanol is often used in cosmetics to create a smooth, creamy texture in products such as moisturizers, lipsticks, and foundations. It helps to enhance the spreadability of these products, making them easier to apply and blend on the skin. Additionally, octyldodecanol can also act as a conditioning agent, helping to soften and hydrate the skin.
3. Usage Octyldodecanol:
When using products containing octyldodecanol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin may want to avoid products with high concentrations of octyldodecanol to prevent irritation.
4. References:
- "Octyldodecanol." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/octyldodecanol.
- "Octyldodecanol." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/octyldodecanol/.
- "Octyldodecanol." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/octyldodecanol.
Function: Humectant, Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Aluminum Hydroxide:
Aluminum Hydroxide is a compound commonly used in cosmetics as an opacifying agent, thickening agent, and as a colorant. It is a white, odorless, and non-toxic powder that is insoluble in water.
2. Use:
Aluminum Hydroxide is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products such as creams, lotions, and foundations. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, while also providing a matte finish to the skin. Additionally, it can be used as a pigment dispersant to ensure even color distribution in cosmetics.
3. Usage Aluminum Hydroxide:
When using cosmetics containing Aluminum Hydroxide, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities or allergies. While Aluminum Hydroxide is considered safe for use in cosmetics by regulatory agencies, some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Aluminum Hydroxide, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, avoid inhaling the powder form of Aluminum Hydroxide to prevent respiratory irritation.
4. References:
- "Aluminum Hydroxide in Cosmetics: Uses and Safety." Cosmetics Info. www.cosmeticsinfo.org.
- "Safety Assessment of Aluminum Hydroxide as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review. www.cir-safety.org.
- "Aluminum Hydroxide: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning." WebMD. www.webmd.com.
Other Names: Disodium N-(1-oxooctadecyl)-L-glutamate
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Surfactant
1. Definition Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate:
Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate is a synthetic ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It is derived from stearic acid, an animal or vegetable fatty acid, and glutamic acid, an amino acid. This compound helps to stabilize the formulation of skincare and makeup products, allowing oil and water-based ingredients to mix together effectively.
2. Use:
Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifier to create stable and uniform mixtures of water and oil-based ingredients. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of products such as creams, lotions, and foundations. This ingredient also acts as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and impurities.
3. Usage Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate:
When using cosmetics containing Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. This ingredient is generally considered safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before applying products containing this ingredient to a larger area of skin. If any irritation or adverse reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Stearyl Alcohol, Oleic Acid, Stearic Acid, Isopropyl Palmitate, Glyceryl Stearate, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Glyceryl Stearate Citrate, Glyceryl Stearate Lactate, Glyceryl Stearate Oleate, Glyceryl Stearate Palmitate, Glyceryl Stearate Succinate, Glyceryl Stearate Tartrate, and Glyceryl Stearate Triacetate." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 27, no. 1_suppl, 2008, pp. 1S-82S.
- Lalko, J., et al. "Fragrance Material Review on Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate." Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol. 48, no. 1, 2010, pp. S113-S118.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. "Safety Assessment of Glutamic Acid and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 24, no. 2_suppl, 2005, pp. 1-22.
1. Definition Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Wax:
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Wax is a natural wax derived from the seeds of the sunflower plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a vegan alternative to beeswax.
2. Use:
Sunflower seed wax is known for its emollient properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as lip balms, moisturizers, and creams. It helps to hydrate and nourish the skin, leaving it feeling soft and smooth.
3. Usage Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Wax:
Sunflower seed wax can be found in various cosmetic formulations, including lipsticks, lip balms, and body lotions. It is often used as a thickening agent or emollient to improve the texture and consistency of the product. When using products containing sunflower seed wax, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics but should be avoided by individuals with known allergies to sunflower seeds.
4. References:
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science. (2016). Sunflower wax: A valuable plant wax. https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.12314
- Cosmetics & Toiletries. (2018). Sunflower wax: A natural alternative to petrolatum. https://www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/formulating/category/natural/Sunflower-Wax-A-Natural-Alternative-to-Petrolatum-487411121.html
- Journal of Oleo Science. (2015). Sunflower wax: A review. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess14268
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter:
Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter is a natural butter extracted from the seeds of the Astrocaryum Murumuru palm tree, native to the Amazon rainforest. It is rich in essential fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and hair care products.
2. Use:
Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter is known for its moisturizing and conditioning properties, making it an excellent ingredient for hydrating and nourishing the skin and hair. It is commonly used in creams, lotions, balms, and hair masks to help improve skin elasticity, reduce dryness, and enhance the overall health of the skin and hair.
3. Usage Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter:
When using products containing Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter, it is important to patch test first to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is recommended to use a small amount of the product on a small area of skin and wait for 24 hours to see if any irritation occurs. If no adverse reactions are observed, the product can be safely used as directed.
4. References:
- Costa, R. M., et al. (2018). Murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru) butter: A review on its properties and recent applications in food and pharmaceutical products. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 81, 51-60.
- Rodrigues, R. B., et al. (2017). Murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru) butter: chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 11(6), 115-123.
- Souza, L. M., et al. (2019). Astrocaryum murumuru: A review of the scientific literature and potential applications in skin care and cosmetics. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(3), 662-668.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Smoothing
1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Wax:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Wax is a natural wax derived from the outer layer of rice bran. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent.
2. Use:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Wax is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties and ability to form a protective barrier on the skin. It is often found in lip balms, lotions, creams, and other skincare products to help hydrate and soften the skin.
3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Wax:
When using products containing Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Wax, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitivities to rice or waxes should avoid products containing this ingredient. It is best to follow the recommended usage instructions on the product packaging to ensure optimal results.
4. References:
- Lee, J., Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2015). Rice Bran Wax: A Potential Cosmetic Ingredient. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 66(1), 13-22.
- Kim, S., & Park, S. (2017). Formulation and Evaluation of Lip Balms Containing Rice Bran Wax. Journal of Cosmetic and Dermatological Sciences, 1(2), 87-94.
- Nguyen, T., Nguyen, H., & Nguyen, T. (2019). Effects of Rice Bran Wax on Skin Hydration. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 41(3), 256-263.
Other Names: Dodecyl laurate; dodecyl dodecanoate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emulsion Stabilising, Hair Conditioning, Binding Agent, Opacifying, Skin-Conditioningagent - Miscellaneous
1. Definition Lauryl Laurate:
Lauryl Laurate is a fatty acid ester derived from lauric acid and lauryl alcohol. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Lauryl Laurate is used in skincare and haircare products as a moisturizing ingredient. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and supple. It is also used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and emulsifier, helping to stabilize the formulation and improve its texture.
3. Usage Lauryl Laurate:
Lauryl Laurate is typically found in creams, lotions, balms, and hair care products. It is safe for use in cosmetics when used as directed. However, it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using any new product to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for proper usage.
4. References:
- "Lauryl Laurate" by The Good Scents Company, https://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1020371.html
- "Lauryl Laurate" by Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/lauryl-laurate
- "Lauryl Laurate" by Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/lauryl-laurate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Dipentaerythrityl Hexahydroxystearate/Hexastearate/Hexaro Sinate:
Dipentaerythrityl Hexahydroxystearate/Hexastearate/Hexarosinate is a complex mixture of esters derived from pentaerythritol and stearic acid. It is commonly used as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickening agent in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Dipentaerythrityl Hexahydroxystearate/Hexastearate/Hexarosinate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, lipsticks, and foundations. It helps to improve the texture of the product, providing a smooth and creamy feel, while also enhancing the spreadability and overall performance of the formulation.
3. Usage Dipentaerythrityl Hexahydroxystearate/Hexastearate/Hexaro Sinate:
When using products containing Dipentaerythrityl Hexahydroxystearate/Hexastearate/Hexarosinate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to ensure compatibility. It is recommended to store products containing this ingredient in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their stability and efficacy.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Dipentaerythrityl Hexahydroxystearate/Hexastearate/Hexarosinate as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (2015)
- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" by André O. Barel, Marc Paye, and Howard I. Maibach (2009)
- "Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients" by Ruth Winter (2014)
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil:
Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil, also known as Babassu oil, is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the Babassu palm tree native to South America. It is rich in fatty acids, such as lauric, myristic, and oleic acids, as well as vitamins and antioxidants.
2. Use:
Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and emollient properties. It helps to hydrate and nourish the skin, making it suitable for dry and sensitive skin types. The oil also has anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, making it beneficial for calming irritation and redness.
3. Usage Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil:
Orbignya Speciosa Kernel Oil can be used in various cosmetic products, such as moisturizers, serums, lotions, and hair care products. It can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or incorporated into formulations to enhance their moisturizing and soothing properties. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with nut allergies should exercise caution when using Babassu oil.
4. References:
- Araújo, L. A., et al. (2019). Babassu oil (Orbignya speciosa): Fatty acids profile, physicochemical properties, and solid-liquid phase behavior. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 138(5), 3521-3532.
- de Oliveira, F. C., et al. (2013). Babassu oil and its fractions: A valuable source of lauric and myristic acids with potential application in cosmetic formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 35(5), 467-473.
- de Oliveira, C. C., et al. (2014). Babassu oil reduces skin inflammation and increases skin hydration in healthy women. Journal of Lipid Research, 55(3), 494-504.
Other Names: PVP/Hexadecene Copolymer
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing
1. Definition VP/Hexadecene Copolymer:
VP/Hexadecene Copolymer is a synthetic copolymer derived from the combination of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and hexadecene. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and viscosity increasing agent.
2. Use:
VP/Hexadecene Copolymer is used in cosmetics to create a smooth and even application of products such as foundations, lipsticks, and mascaras. It helps to improve the texture and spreadability of the product, resulting in a more uniform and long-lasting finish.
3. Usage VP/Hexadecene Copolymer:
VP/Hexadecene Copolymer is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but like any other ingredient, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines for usage. It is typically found in concentrations of 1-10% in cosmetic formulations. Precautions should be taken to avoid direct contact with the eyes, and it is recommended to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of VP/Hexadecene Copolymer as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2015)
- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" by André O. Barel, Marc Paye, and Howard I. Maibach. (2014)
- "Polymeric Materials in Cosmetics and Personal Care" by Robert Y. Lochhead and Howard I. Maibach. (2013)
