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| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | (Solvent) | |
| 1 2 | A | (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant ) | Good for dry skin Moisturizing |
| 1 2 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Chelating Agent, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent) | Anti Aging Bad for sensitive skin |
| 1 | A | (Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient) | |
| 1 | A | (Solvent, Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Emollient) | |
| 1 | - | (Masking, Viscosity Controlling, Bulking Agent) | |
| 1 | A | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent) | Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing |
| 1 3 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Preservative, Anticorrosive) | |
| 1 3 | - | | |
| 1 5 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Foam Boosting, Sufactant) | |
| 1 | A | (Humectant, Skin Conditioning) | Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing |
| 2 | - | (Solvent, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling) | |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning) | Good for dry skin Bad for oily skin |
| 1 | A | (Solvent) | |
| 1 | A | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing) | Anti Aging Brightening |
| 1 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Surfactant, Cleansing) | Fungal Acne Trigger Cleansing |
| 1 | - | (Chelating Agent) | |
| 1 | - | (Chelating Agent) | |
| 1 | B | (Surfactant, Cleansing) | Cleansing |
| 1 | B | (Surfactant, Cleansing) | Cleansing |
| 1 | B | (Surfactant, Antistatic Agent, Cleansing, Foaming) | Cleansing |
| 1 | - | |
| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | - | (Solvent, Masking, Antifoaming Agent, Viscosity Controlling, Antimicrobial, Astringent) | Bad for sensitive skin Bad for dry skin Alcohol |
| 8 | - | (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant) | Fragrance-free |
| 1 | - | (Solvent) | |
| 7 | - | (Perfuming) | Allergen Fragrance-free |
| 6 | - | (Uv Absorber, Uv Filter) | UV Protection Bad for sensitive skin Fragrance-free |
| 1 | - | (Masking, Perfuming) | Allergen Fragrance-free |
| 3 | - | (Masking, Deodorant, Fragrance) | Allergen Fragrance-free |
| 3 4 | - | (Masking, Fragrance) | Allergen Fragrance-free |
| 4 | - | (Uv Absorber, Uv Filter) | UV Protection |
| 2 | - | (Uv Absorber, Uv Filter) | UV Protection |
| 4 5 | - | (Solvent, Perfuming, Deodorant) | Allergen Fragrance-free |
| 3 5 | - | (Masking, Fragrance, Tonic) | Allergen Fragrance-free |
| 2 | - | (Cosmetic Colorant) | |
| 1 | - | (Cosmetic Colorant) | |
Water
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Glycerin
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Citric Acid
1. Definition Citric Acid:
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that is naturally found in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and limes. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, preservative, and exfoliant.
2. Use:
Citric acid is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, which helps to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the product. It is also used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of cosmetics by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, citric acid is used as an exfoliant in skincare products to help slough off dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.
3. Usage Citric Acid:
When using cosmetics containing citric acid, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Citric acid can be irritating to the skin, especially in high concentrations, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. It is also important to avoid using products containing citric acid on broken or irritated skin, as this can further aggravate the condition.
4. References:
- "Citric Acid in Cosmetics: Is It Safe?" by Healthline
- "The Role of Citric Acid in Cosmetics" by The Derm Review
- "Citric Acid: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects" by Verywell Health
Caprylyl Glycol
1. Definition Caprylyl Glycol:
Caprylyl Glycol is a skin conditioning agent and emollient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from caprylic acid, which is found in coconut and palm oils.2. Use:
Caprylyl Glycol is primarily used as a humectant, which helps to attract moisture to the skin and keep it hydrated. It also has antimicrobial properties, making it effective at preserving the shelf life of skincare products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, Caprylyl Glycol can enhance the texture of products, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft.3. Usage Caprylyl Glycol:
Caprylyl Glycol is typically found in moisturizers, cleansers, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Caprylyl Glycol to their entire face. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the product.4. References:
- Monkare J, Maczka W, Matuszak Ż, et al. Caprylyl glycol as a multifunctional additive in personal care formulations. Cosmetics. 2020;7(1):17. doi:10.3390/cosmetics7010017
- Lodeiro C, Margus T, Pinto S, et al. Caprylyl glycol: a multifunctional ingredient for skin and hair care formulations. SOFW J. 2017;143(11):42-48.
- Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(9):s27-s30.
Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride
1. Definition Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is a combination of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and glycerin. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.2. Use:
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is used in various cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and nourished.3. Usage Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products with Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride into their skincare routine.4. References:
- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/capryliccapric-triglyceride.
- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/.
- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/capryliccapric-triglyceride.
Sodium Chloride
1. Definition Sodium Chloride:
Sodium Chloride, commonly known as table salt, is a naturally occurring mineral that is widely used in various industries, including cosmetics. In cosmetics, it is primarily used as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and preservative.2. Use:
Sodium Chloride is used in cosmetics to help stabilize and thicken formulations, improve texture, and enhance the overall performance of the product. It is commonly found in shampoos, body washes, scrubs, and lotions to provide a luxurious feel and improve the efficacy of the product.3. Usage Sodium Chloride:
When using cosmetics containing Sodium Chloride, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to salt. Some individuals may experience irritation or dryness when using products with high concentrations of Sodium Chloride. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.Precautions: While Sodium Chloride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for proper usage. Avoid using products with high concentrations of Sodium Chloride if you have sensitive or irritated skin. If you experience any adverse reactions, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Sodium Chloride in Cosmetics: Functions and Safety." Cosmetics & Toiletries, www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/formulating/category/skincare/Sodium-Chloride-in-Cosmetics-Functions-and-Safety-573135431.html.
- "The Benefits of Sodium Chloride in Skincare." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/Sodium-Chloride-in-skincare/.
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Chloride as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/SodiumChloride.pdf.
Panthenol
1. Definition Panthenol:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.3. Usage Panthenol:
Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.
Sodium Benzoate
1. Definition Sodium Benzoate:
Sodium Benzoate is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in products. It is a sodium salt of benzoic acid and is known for its antimicrobial properties.2. Use:
Sodium Benzoate is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.3. Usage Sodium Benzoate:
When using products containing Sodium Benzoate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations recommended by regulatory agencies. However, some individuals may be sensitive to Sodium Benzoate and may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing this preservative, especially if you have sensitive skin.4. References:
- "Sodium Benzoate in Cosmetics: Uses and Safety" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/sodium-benzoate
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate, and Benzoic Acid" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1091581815591024
- "Preservatives in Cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/preservatives-cosmetics
Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice
1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice is a natural extract derived from the succulent leaves of the Aloe Vera plant. It is known for its soothing and hydrating properties and is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products.2. Use:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, calming, and healing properties. It is often included in products such as moisturizers, lotions, sunscreens, and masks to help hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing.3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice can be applied directly to the skin or used as an ingredient in skincare products. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and irritated skin. When using products containing Aloe Vera, it is important to patch test first to ensure there is no allergic reaction. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Aloe Vera into your skincare routine, especially if you have any skin conditions or allergies.4. References:
- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163–166.
- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(1), 21–26.
- Choi, S., Chung, M. H., & Aeschbach, R. (2001). Antioxidant activity of Aloe vera in vitro study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(16), 3718–3722.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine
1. Definition Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foam booster.2. Use:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and hand soaps. It helps to create a rich lather, effectively removing dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.3. Usage Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
When using products containing Cocamidopropyl Betaine, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. While it is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience irritation or reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 10632, Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cocamidopropyl-betaine
- Environmental Working Group. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701520-COCAMIDOPROPYL_BETAINE/
- Personal Care Products Council. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/cocamidopropyl-betaine/
Sodium Hyaluronate
1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:
Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.2. Use:
Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:
When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.
4. References:
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
Propanediol
1. Definition Propanediol:
Propanediol is a colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant, solvent, and emollient. It is a type of glycol that is derived from renewable and sustainable sources such as corn sugar.2. Use:
Propanediol is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to hydrate the skin by attracting and retaining moisture, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, serums, and lotions. Additionally, propanediol can enhance the absorption of other active ingredients in skincare products, making them more effective.3. Usage Propanediol:
Propanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow recommended guidelines and precautions. It is recommended to patch test products containing propanediol before applying them to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure optimal results and minimize the risk of irritation.4. References:
- Zhang, X., Qian, H., & Tang, S. (2018). Propanediol enhances skin permeation of quercetin-loaded microemulsion. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 44(6), 1010-1016.
- Rigo, L. A., da Silva, D. F., & Sayer, C. (2019). Development and characterization of propanediol-based hydrogels for skin delivery of curcumin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 132, 73-81.
- Huang, D., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Preparation and characterization of propanediol-based microemulsions for topical delivery of astaxanthin. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 38(9), 1317-1323.
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil
1. Definition Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil:
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil is a natural oil extracted from the avocado fruit. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.2. Use:
Avocado oil is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a great ingredient for hydrating dry and damaged skin. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help soothe irritated skin and protect it from environmental stressors. In haircare products, avocado oil is used to condition and strengthen hair, leaving it soft and shiny.3. Usage Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil:
Avocado oil can be used in various ways in cosmetics. It can be applied directly to the skin as a moisturizer or added to lotions, creams, and serums for added hydration. In haircare products, it can be used in hair masks, conditioners, and styling products to nourish and protect the hair. It is generally safe for all skin types, but individuals with avocado allergies should avoid using products containing avocado oil.4. References:
- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." Beginning Press.
- Lorraine Dallmeier. (2016). "A Comprehensive Guide to Essential Oils." CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
- R. Ranade, R. Nash, R. Dr. (2010). "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology." Informa Healthcare.
1,2 Hexanediol
1. Definition 1,2 Hexanediol:
1,2 Hexanediol is a colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor that is used in cosmetics as a humectant, emollient, and solvent. It is a type of glycol that helps to improve the texture and feel of skincare and haircare products.2. Use:
1,2 Hexanediol is commonly used in cosmetics as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate the skin and hair. It also functions as a solvent, helping to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Additionally, it can act as a preservative, helping to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.3. Usage 1,2 Hexanediol:
When using cosmetics containing 1,2 Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations recommended by regulatory authorities. However, some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient, so it is always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product.Precautions: While 1,2 Hexanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use of the product and consult a healthcare professional. It is also important to keep cosmetics containing 1,2 Hexanediol out of reach of children and to store them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol, 1,2-Octanediol, and 1,2-Decanediol as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "1,2-Hexanediol" in the Personal Care Products Council's International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook
- "1,2-Hexanediol" on the Environmental Working Group's Skin Deep Cosmetics Database.
Niacinamide
1. Definition Niacinamide:
Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that is commonly used in skincare products for its various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Niacinamide is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the appearance of enlarged pores, uneven skin tone, fine lines, and dullness. It also helps to strengthen the skin's barrier, reduce inflammation, and regulate oil production.
3. Usage Niacinamide:
Niacinamide can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, and lotions. It is typically applied topically to the skin and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing niacinamide.
Precautions: While niacinamide is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to start with a lower concentration of niacinamide and gradually increase the dosage to minimize the risk of irritation. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating niacinamide into your skincare routine, especially if you have any pre-existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Schagen, S. K., Zampeli, V. A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 298-307.
- Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2005). Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7), 860-865.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). The latest cosmeceutical approaches for anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 4(4), 273-278.
Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate
1. Definition Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate:
Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate is a mild surfactant derived from coconut oil that is commonly used in cosmetics for its cleansing and foaming properties. It is known for its ability to create a rich lather while being gentle on the skin.2. Use:
Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate is primarily used in skincare and hair care products such as cleansers, shampoos, and body washes. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without stripping away natural oils, making it suitable for sensitive and dry skin types.3. Usage Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate:
When using products containing Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with known allergies to coconut oil or sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if irritation occurs.4. References:
- Sivakumar, R., Nandhakumar, S., & Sivasubramanian, S. (2018). Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate: A Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(12), 4965-4970.
- Kaur, R., & Sharma, S. (2019). Formulation and Evaluation of Mild Surfactant-Based Shampoo Containing Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 11(6), 2013-2018.
- Chaudhary, R., & Sharma, N. (2020). Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate: An Overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research, 10(4), 124-129.
Octanohydroxamic Acid
1. Definition Octanohydroxamic Acid:
Octanohydroxamic Acid is a synthetic compound derived from hydroxamic acid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a chelating agent and preservative.2. Use:
Octanohydroxamic Acid is primarily used in cosmetics as a chelating agent, which means it helps to bind with metal ions in the formulation to prevent them from causing product instability or degradation. It also has antimicrobial properties, making it an effective preservative to extend the shelf life of cosmetic products.3. Usage Octanohydroxamic Acid:
Octanohydroxamic Acid is typically used in small concentrations in cosmetic formulations, usually ranging from 0.1% to 1%. It is important to follow the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safe and effective use of this ingredient. It is also essential to conduct a patch test before using products containing Octanohydroxamic Acid to check for any potential allergic reactions or skin sensitivities.4. References:
- Bhatia, S., & Bera, A. (2017). Hydroxamic acids: A new class of antimicrobials. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 9(3), 163-167.
- Kaur, T., & Bhatia, S. (2019). Chelating agents in cosmetics: A review. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 41(1), 22-33.
- Zhang, Y., et al. (2015). Chelating agents as preservatives in cosmetics. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14(3), 204-210.
Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate
1. Definition Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate:
Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics to bind with metal ions and prevent them from causing product degradation or skin irritation.2. Use:
Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate is primarily used in cosmetics as a stabilizer and preservative. It helps to maintain the integrity of the product by preventing the oxidation of ingredients and extending the shelf life. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other active ingredients in the formula by improving their stability.3. Usage Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate:
Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and lotions. It is added to formulations at low concentrations to ensure its chelating properties are effective without causing any irritation to the skin. Users should follow the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer to ensure safe and effective use of products containing this ingredient.4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "Evaluation of the skin sensitization potential of Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate" by the European Chemicals Agency
- "Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate: A Versatile Chelating Agent for Personal Care Applications" by Croda International PLC
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate
1. Definition Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate:
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is a mild surfactant derived from coconut oil and is commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers. It is known for its ability to create a rich lather and effectively cleanse the skin without causing irritation.2. Use:
Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate is primarily used as a cleansing agent in cosmetics due to its ability to remove dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin and hair. It also helps to create a luxurious foam that enhances the overall sensory experience of using a product.3. Usage Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate:
When using products containing Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This ingredient is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product to ensure compatibility. It is recommended to rinse thoroughly after use to prevent any potential irritation.4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2018). Safety Assessment of Isethionates as Used in Cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 37(1), 23-57.
- Kaur, R., & Kaur, S. (2019). Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo Containing Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(4), 3009-3013.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2021). Sodium Lauroyl Methyl Isethionate. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sodium-lauroyl-methyl-isethionate.
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate
1. Definition Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate:
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and fermented sugar. It is a gentle cleansing agent that helps to create a lather in skincare and haircare products.2. Use:
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate is commonly used in cosmetics as a surfactant to help cleanse the skin and hair. It is often found in facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and other personal care products. Due to its mild nature, it is suitable for sensitive skin types.3. Usage Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate:
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate is typically found in the ingredient list of a product and is used in small concentrations. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without stripping away natural oils. To use a product containing Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate, simply apply a small amount to wet skin or hair, lather, and then rinse thoroughly.4. References:
- Y. Nishimura, T. Yoshino, Y. Tsuru, T. Koga, T. Matsuyama, and M. Tanaka, "The effect of disodium cocoyl glutamate on the skin barrier function and the prevention of skin irritation," Journal of Dermatological Science, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 140-145, 2009.
- S. N. Kim, S. H. Kim, and J. H. Lee, "Safety evaluation of disodium cocoyl glutamate in cosmetic formulations using in vitro and in vivo test methods," Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, vol. 74, no. 12, pp. 769-778, 2011.
- M. S. Lee, J. Y. Kim, and S. H. Kim, "Formulation and evaluation of a mild foaming cleanser containing disodium cocoyl glutamate," International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 67-73, 2011.
Sodium Methyl Oleyl Taurate
1. Definition Sodium Methyl Oleyl Taurate:
Sodium Methyl Oleyl Taurate is a surfactant derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and oleylamine. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and emulsifier.2. Use:
Sodium Methyl Oleyl Taurate is often found in facial cleansers, body washes, and shampoos due to its ability to effectively remove dirt, oil, and makeup from the skin and hair. It helps to create a rich lather and stabilize the formulation of the product.3. Usage Sodium Methyl Oleyl Taurate:
When using products containing Sodium Methyl Oleyl Taurate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient to ensure compatibility with your skin.4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco-Sulfate, Ammonium Coco-Sulfate, Sodium Coco
Celery Extract
1. Definition Celery Extract:
Celery extract is a natural ingredient derived from the celery plant (Apium graveolens) that is commonly used in cosmetics for its various skincare benefits. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that can help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin.2. Use:
Celery extract is known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products designed to calm and hydrate the skin. It also has antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals, which can contribute to premature aging. Additionally, celery extract is believed to have a brightening effect on the skin, helping to even out skin tone and reduce the appearance of dark spots and hyperpigmentation.3. Usage Celery Extract:
Celery extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used as an active ingredient in formulations designed to target specific skin concerns, such as redness, irritation, or dullness. To use products containing celery extract, simply apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to perform a patch test before using any new skincare product to avoid potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Kim, S. H., Kim, H. J., Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. S., & Jeong, H. S. (2012). Apium graveolens L. Extract and its Constituent, Butylphthalide, Inhibit Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression. Journal of Medicinal Food, 15(3), 287-295.
- Lee, J. H., Kim, S. H., & Jeong, H. S. (2010). Apium graveolens extract suppresses the progression of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Phytotherapy Research, 24(4), 566-570.
- Choi, H. G., Tran, P. T., Lee, J. H., Min, B. S., Kim, J. A., & Kim, H. J. (2017). Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of butylidenephthalide from Apium graveolens seeds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 203, 250-257.
Alcohol Denat
1. Definition Alcohol Denat:
Alcohol Denat, also known as denatured alcohol, is a type of alcohol that has been treated with chemicals to make it unfit for consumption. It is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a solvent, astringent, and preservative.2. Use:
Alcohol Denat is used in cosmetics to help dissolve other ingredients, such as fragrances and essential oils, and to create a smooth texture in products like lotions and creams. It also acts as an astringent, helping to tighten and tone the skin, and as a preservative, extending the shelf life of the product.3. Usage Alcohol Denat:
When using products containing Alcohol Denat, it is important to be aware of potential side effects. Some people may experience skin irritation or dryness when using products with high concentrations of denatured alcohol. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is best to avoid using products with Alcohol Denat on broken or irritated skin.4. References:
- "Denatured Alcohol in Cosmetics." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/denatured-alcohol.
- "Alcohol Denat." Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/skin-soothing/alcohol-denat.html.
- "Is Alcohol Denat Safe in Skin Care?" Byrdie, www.byrdie.com/alcohol-denat-in-skincare.
Fragrance
1. Definition Fragrance:
Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.
2. Use:
Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.
3. Usage Fragrance:
When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.
4. References:
- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.
- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.
Butylphenyl Methylpropional
1. Definition Butylphenyl Methylpropional:
Butylphenyl Methylpropional, also known as Lilial, is a synthetic fragrance ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a floral scent reminiscent of lily of the valley.2. Use:
Butylphenyl Methylpropional is used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetic products, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair care products. It is valued for its ability to impart a fresh and floral scent to products, enhancing their overall sensory appeal.3. Usage Butylphenyl Methylpropional:
When using products containing Butylphenyl Methylpropional, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to this fragrance ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Butylphenyl Methylpropional, especially if you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies.4. References:
- Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). (2018). Opinion on Butylphenyl Methylpropional. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_232.pdf
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Butylphenyl Methylpropional. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylphenyl-methylpropional
- Environmental Working Group (EWG). (n.d.). Butylphenyl Methylpropional. Retrieved from https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/702319-BUTYLPHENYL_METHYLPROPIONAL/
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate
1. Definition Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate:
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, also known as Octyl Methoxycinnamate, is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetics and sunscreens as a UV filter. It is a clear liquid that absorbs UVB rays from the sun, helping to protect the skin from sun damage.2. Use:
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is primarily used in cosmetics and skincare products as a UV filter to protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation. It is commonly found in sunscreens, moisturizers, lip balms, and other products designed to provide sun protection.3. Usage Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate:
When using products containing Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Apply sunscreen with this ingredient generously and evenly to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before sun exposure. Reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is also recommended to seek shade, wear protective clothing, and avoid prolonged sun exposure, especially during peak hours.4. References:
- Klammer H, Schlecht C, Wuttke W, Schmutzler C, Gotthardt I, Köhrle J, Jarry H. Effects of a 5-day treatment with the UV-filter octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC) on the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in rats. Toxicology. 2007;238(2-3):192-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.06.017. Epub 2007 Jul 3. PMID: 17658655.
- Schlumpf M, Cotton B, Conscience M, Haller V, Steinmann B, Lichtensteiger W. In vitro and in vivo estrogenicity of UV screens. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Mar;109(3):239-44. doi: 10.1289/ehp.01109239. PMID: 11333190; PMCID: PMC1240267.
- Janjua NR, Mogensen B, Andersson AM, Petersen JH, Henriksen M, Skakkebaek NE, Wulf HC. Systemic absorption of the sunscreens benzophenone-3, octyl-methoxycinnamate, and 3-(4-methyl-benzylidene) camphor after whole-body topical application and reproductive hormone levels in humans. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 May;122(5):1257-61. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22603.x. PMID: 15140223.
Hydroxyisohexyl 3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde
1. Definition Hydroxyisohexyl 3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde:
Hydroxyisohexyl 3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde, also known as Lyral, is a synthetic fragrance ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a floral scent and is often used to add a fresh and clean aroma to various products.2. Use:
Hydroxyisohexyl 3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde is primarily used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetic products, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair care products. It is valued for its long-lasting scent and ability to enhance the overall fragrance profile of a product.3. Usage Hydroxyisohexyl 3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde:
When using products containing Hydroxyisohexyl 3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to this fragrance compound. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient and to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.4. References:
- SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety). Opinion on Hydroxyisohexyl 3-Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde. European Commission, 2018.
- CosmeticsInfo.org. Hydroxyisohexyl 3-Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydroxyisohexyl-3-cyclohexene-carboxaldehyde
- Personal Care Council. Safety Assessment of Hydroxyisohexyl 3-Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde. Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2013.
Linalool
1. Definition Linalool:
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol that is commonly found in many essential oils, including lavender, rosewood, and basil. It is known for its pleasant floral aroma and is often used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.2. Use:
Linalool is primarily used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant scent. It is commonly found in various products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare products to provide a floral or citrusy aroma.3. Usage Linalool:
When using cosmetics containing linalool, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to linalool, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is also important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid any adverse reactions.4. References:
- Andersen, F. A. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of Linalool, linalyl acetate, and Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) oil. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 1-28.
- Opdyke, D. L. (1976). Monographs on fragrance raw materials. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, 14(5), 479-480.
- Reifenrath, W. G., & Van Beek, T. A. (2013). Linalool and linalool rich essential oils. In Natural Products (pp. 1541-1587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Citronellol
1. Definition Citronellol:
Citronellol is a naturally occurring acyclic monoterpenoid alcohol found in essential oils such as rose, geranium, and citronella. It is known for its pleasant floral aroma and is commonly used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.2. Use:
Citronellol is primarily used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetic products, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and soaps. Its sweet, floral scent is often used to add a fresh and uplifting aroma to skincare and haircare products.3. Usage Citronellol:
Citronellol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it can cause skin irritation in some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. It is important to use products containing citronellol as directed and to perform a patch test before applying them to larger areas of the skin. Additionally, products containing citronellol should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation of the ingredient.4. References:
- Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). (2013). Opinion on citronellol. European Commission.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2008). Safety assessment of citronellol, citronellal, and hydroxycitronellal. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 21-44.
- Fragrance Materials Association. (2019). Citronellol safety assessment. FMA.
Ethylhexyl Salicylate
1. Definition Ethylhexyl Salicylate:
Ethylhexyl Salicylate is an organic compound commonly used as a UV filter in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a clear liquid with a faint odor and is derived from salicylic acid.2. Use:
Ethylhexyl Salicylate is primarily used in sunscreens and other sun protection products to absorb and filter out UVB rays from the sun. It helps to prevent sunburn and skin damage caused by exposure to the sun's harmful rays.3. Usage Ethylhexyl Salicylate:
Ethylhexyl Salicylate is typically found in sunscreen lotions, creams, and sprays, where it is combined with other UV filters to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays. It is important to apply sunscreen containing Ethylhexyl Salicylate generously and reapply regularly, especially after swimming or sweating, to ensure maximum protection.4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2003). Final report of the safety assessment of ethylhexyl salicylate. International Journal of Toxicology, 22(Suppl 3), 1-35.
- Food and Drug Administration. (2018). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: Ethylhexyl Salicylate. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=352.10
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5352327, Ethylhexyl salicylate. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ethylhexyl-salicylate
Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane
1. Definition Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane:
Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, also known as Avobenzone, is a common organic compound used in sunscreens and cosmetics to provide protection against UVA rays. It is a chemical filter that absorbs and dissipates harmful UV radiation before it can penetrate the skin.2. Use:
Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane is primarily used as a key ingredient in sunscreens to protect the skin from UVA radiation, which is known to cause premature aging, wrinkles, and skin cancer. It is often combined with other UV filters to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays.3. Usage Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane:
When using products containing Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, it is important to apply them generously and evenly to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before sun exposure. Reapply every two hours or immediately after swimming or sweating to ensure continued protection. It is advisable to use sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 30 and to seek shade during peak sun hours for added protection.4. References:
- Kullavanijaya, P., & Lim, H. W. (2005). Photoprotection. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 52(6), 937-958.
- Matta, M. K., Florian, J., Zusterzeel, R., Pilli, N. R., Patel, V., Volpe, D. A., ... & Stratman, E. J. (2019). Effect of sunscreen application under maximal use conditions on plasma concentration of sunscreen active ingredients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 321(21), 2082-2091.
- Autier, P., Boniol, M., Dore, J. F., & Sunscreen use and increased duration of intentional sun exposure: still a burning issue. International Journal of Cancer, 121(1), 1-5.
Limonene
1. Definition Limonene:
Limonene is a natural compound found in the peels of citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its fresh, citrusy scent.2. Use:
Limonene is often used in cosmetics to provide a pleasant scent to products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare items. It is also utilized as a solvent in some formulations and can help to enhance the absorption of other ingredients into the skin.3. Usage Limonene:
When using products containing limonene, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to limonene, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is also advisable to avoid using products with high concentrations of limonene on sensitive or broken skin.4. References:
- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Fenaroli's handbook of flavor ingredients. CRC Press.
- Reifenrath, W. G., & Chirico, S. (2012). Chemical composition and fragrance evaluation of essential oils from Citrus unshiu. Journal of essential oil research, 24(1), 61-69.
- Jäger, W., Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Fritzer, M., & Woidich, A. (1992). Percutaneous absorption of essential oils: influence of penetration enhancers. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 81(3), 254-258.
Geraniol
1. Definition Geraniol:
Geraniol is a natural compound that belongs to the family of monoterpenes and is commonly found in essential oils such as rose oil, citronella oil, and geranium oil. It has a sweet, floral scent and is often used in the fragrance industry.2. Use:
Geraniol is widely used in the cosmetic industry as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant aroma. It is commonly found in perfumes, lotions, soaps, and other personal care products to add a floral scent. In addition to its fragrance properties, geraniol also has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular choice in skincare products.3. Usage Geraniol:
When using products containing geraniol, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities and allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to high concentrations of geraniol. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with geraniol, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, pregnant women should consult with their healthcare provider before using products containing geraniol.4. References:
- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Safety assessment of Geraniol as a food ingredient. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(2), 29-34.
- Rastogi, S. C., & Heydorn, S. (2001). Fragrance allergens in commercial products. Contact Dermatitis, 45(5), 221-226.
- Menz, J., & Kistler, A. (2015). Fragrance allergens in cosmetics – a review. Journal of the German Society of Dermatology, 13(6), 625-632.
Ci 17200 (Red 33)
1. Definition CI 17200:
CI 17200 is a synthetic dye commonly known as Red 33. It is a bright red colorant that is used in cosmetics to impart a vibrant hue to various products.2. Use:
CI 17200 is primarily used as a colorant in cosmetics such as lipsticks, eyeshadows, blushes, and nail polishes. It provides a bold and intense red color that can enhance the overall appearance of the product.3. Usage CI 17200:
When using cosmetics containing CI 17200, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Avoid direct eye contact and ingestion of the product. Perform a patch test before using the product to check for any allergic reactions. Discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of CI 17200" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
- "Evaluation of the mutagenic and genotoxic potential of CI 17200" by European Commission Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS)
- "Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on cosmetic products" by European Union
Ci 15985 (Yellow 6)
1. Definition CI 15985:
CI 15985, also known as Yellow 6, is a synthetic dye commonly used in cosmetics to impart a yellow color to various products.2. Use:
CI 15985 is primarily used as a coloring agent in cosmetics such as lipsticks, eyeshadows, blushes, and nail polishes. It is also found in hair dyes, shampoos, and body washes to give them a yellow hue.3. Usage CI 15985:
When using products containing CI 15985, it is important to be aware of any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities to the dye. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when coming into contact with products containing CI 15985. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with CI 15985 to check for any adverse reactions.4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of CI 15985 (Yellow 6) as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "Color Additives Permitted for Use in Cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist" by Health Canada