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| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | | |
| 1 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Surfactant, Cleansing) |  Fungal Acne Trigger Cleansing |
| 1 3 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Emulsifying, Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming) | Cleansing |
| 1 | - | | |
| 1 | B | (Surfactant, Emulsifying, Cleansing) | Cleansing |
| 1 | B | (Film Forming) | |
| 1 5 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Foam Boosting, Sufactant) | |
| 1 | A | (Opacifying, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsifying) | Fungal Acne Trigger Cleansing |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Film Forming) | |
| 1 | A | (Antistatic Agent, Film Forming, Hair Fixing) | |
| 1 | B | (Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Film Forming, Hair Fixing) | |
| 1 | - | (Masking, Viscosity Controlling, Bulking Agent) | |
| 8 | - | (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant) |  Fragrance-free |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning) | Promotes Wound Healing  Good for dry skin |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning, Emollient) | |
| 1 3 | - | | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| - | - | Goji (Lycium Barbarum) Extract | |
| - | - | Hydrolyzed Keratin Protein | |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Protecting, Soothing) | Moisturizing |
| 1 | A | (Humectant, Skin Conditioning) | Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing |
| - | - | Moroccan Argan (ArganiaSpinosa) Oil | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | (Masking, Tonic, Astringent) | |
| 2 | B | | |
| 1 | A | (Chelating Agent, Skin Conditioning) | |
| - | - | (Skin Conditioning) | Good for dry skin Anti Aging |
| 4 | - | (Masking, Perfuming) | |
| 1 3 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Preservative, Anticorrosive) | |
| 5 | B | (Preservative) | |
| 7 | B | (Preservative) | |
| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | (Solvent) | |
| 1 2 | A | (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant ) | Good for dry skin Moisturizing |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning, Solvent to dissolve substances insoluble in water, Sufactant, Foam Boosting, Foaming) | |
| 1 | - | (Humectant, Moisturising) | Moisturizing |
| 1 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Foam Boosting, Sufactant) | |
| 2 | B | (Emulsion Stabilising, Surfactant, Cleansing) | Cleansing |
| 1 4 | B | (Fragrance, Humectant, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent, Skin Conditioning, Exfoliant, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Humectant) | Anti Aging  Bad for sensitive skin |
| 1 | B | (Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming) | Cleansing |
| 1 | A | (Antistatic Agent, Film Forming, Hair Fixing) | |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | (Masking, Viscosity Controlling, Bulking Agent) | |
| - | - | | |
| 1 2 | B | (Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Film Forming) | |
| 1 | A | (Opacifying, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsifying) | Fungal Acne Trigger Cleansing |
| - | A | (Skin Conditioning, Humectant, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning) | |
| 8 | - | (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant) | Fragrance-free |
| 1 3 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Preservative, Anticorrosive) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | Fungal Acne Trigger |
| 1 2 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Chelating Agent, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent) | Anti Aging Bad for sensitive skin |
| 1 | - | (Antimicrobial, Antidandruff Agent) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
Mineral Water
1. Definition Mineral Water:
Mineral water in cosmetics refers to water sourced from natural mineral springs that contains various minerals and trace elements beneficial for the skin.2. Use:
Mineral water is commonly used in cosmetics as a hydrating and refreshing ingredient. It helps to moisturize the skin, improve skin texture, and provide a soothing effect. Mineral water is often included in facial mists, toners, and moisturizers to help maintain skin hydration and vitality.3. Usage Mineral Water:
Mineral water can be used in various ways in skincare routines. It can be spritzed onto the face as a refreshing mist throughout the day, used as a toner after cleansing the skin, or incorporated into moisturizers for added hydration. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, and can be used daily as part of a skincare regimen.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2012). Dry skin and moisturizers: chemistry and function. CRC Press.
Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate
1. Definition Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate:
Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate is a mild surfactant derived from coconut oil that is commonly used in cosmetics for its cleansing and foaming properties. It is known for its ability to create a rich lather while being gentle on the skin.2. Use:
Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate is primarily used in skincare and hair care products such as cleansers, shampoos, and body washes. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without stripping away natural oils, making it suitable for sensitive and dry skin types.3. Usage Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate:
When using products containing Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with known allergies to coconut oil or sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if irritation occurs.4. References:
- Sivakumar, R., Nandhakumar, S., & Sivasubramanian, S. (2018). Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate: A Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(12), 4965-4970.
- Kaur, R., & Sharma, S. (2019). Formulation and Evaluation of Mild Surfactant-Based Shampoo Containing Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 11(6), 2013-2018.
- Chaudhary, R., & Sharma, N. (2020). Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate: An Overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research, 10(4), 124-129.
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate
1. Definition Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate:
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is a mild surfactant derived from sarcosine, an amino acid found in natural sources such as coconut oil. It is often used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foaming agent.2. Use:
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is commonly used in skincare and haircare products such as cleansers, shampoos, and body washes. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without stripping away natural oils. Its mild nature makes it suitable for sensitive skin types.3. Usage Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate:
When using products containing Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with known sensitivities or allergies should perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is recommended to avoid contact with eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.4. References:
- "Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sodium-lauroyl-sarcosinate.
- Gao, Y., et al. "Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate." National Center for Biotechnology Information, PubChem Compound Database, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-lauroyl-sarcosinate.
- "Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate." Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/sodium-lauroyl-sarcosinate/.
Vegetable Glycerin
1. Definition Vegetable Glycerin:
Vegetable Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a clear, odorless liquid derived from plant oils such as coconut, palm, or soy. It is a natural humectant, meaning it attracts moisture to the skin, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products.2. Use:
Vegetable Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics as a moisturizer and emollient. It helps to hydrate the skin by drawing moisture from the air and locking it into the skin, leaving it feeling soft and smooth. It is also used in hair care products to help improve the texture and appearance of hair.3. Usage Vegetable Glycerin:
Vegetable Glycerin can be found in a variety of cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, serums, and hair conditioners. It is generally safe to use on all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before applying it to a larger area of the skin. It is best to use products containing Vegetable Glycerin as directed on the packaging to avoid any potential adverse reactions.4. References:
- Sharma, R., & Mahajan, V. K. (2018). Role of humectants in cosmetic products. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 9(4), 244–249. https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_265_17
- Draelos, Z. D. (2018). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. In Cosmeceuticals, 3rd Edition (pp. 25-43). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802005-1.00003-7
- Burdock, G. A. (2005). Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives (Vol. 1). CRC Press.
Beheneth 25
1. Definition Beheneth 25:
Beheneth-25 is a polyethylene glycol ether of behenyl alcohol, which is a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources such as coconut or palm oil. It is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emulsifier, surfactant, and thickening agent.2. Use:
Beheneth-25 is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifying agent, helping to blend water and oil-based ingredients together to create stable formulations. It also acts as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and oil. Additionally, Beheneth-25 can function as a thickening agent, providing viscosity and texture to products such as creams, lotions, and shampoos.3. Usage Beheneth 25:
Beheneth-25 is considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used in accordance with regulations and guidelines. It is typically found in concentrations of 1-10% in formulations, depending on the specific product and desired properties. When using products containing Beheneth-25, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2013). Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Beheneth-25. International Journal of Toxicology, 32(1), 1-12.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2018). Beheneth-25. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/beheneth-25
- European Commission. (2019). CosIng - Cosmetic Ingredients Database. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/cosmetics/cosing_en
Methacrylate Copolymer
1. Definition Methacrylate Copolymer:
Methacrylate Copolymer is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent. It is a versatile ingredient that can help improve the texture, appearance, and longevity of various cosmetic products.2. Use:
Methacrylate Copolymer is often used in cosmetics to create a smooth and even finish on the skin. It can help to improve the adherence of pigments and other ingredients to the skin, making makeup products last longer and appear more vibrant. Additionally, Methacrylate Copolymer can help to control the release of active ingredients in skincare products, allowing for better absorption and effectiveness.3. Usage Methacrylate Copolymer:
When using products containing Methacrylate Copolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. As with any cosmetic product, it is best to avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes.4. References:
- Kwon, Y. B., Kim, Y. C., & Park, J. H. (2011). Preparation and characterization of methacrylate copolymer-based solid dispersion for enhanced solubility and bioavailability of itraconazole. Drug development and industrial pharmacy, 37(11), 1290-1297.
- Lee, J. H., Lee, J. H., & Kim, S. S. (2019). Methacrylate copolymer-based solid dispersion for enhanced solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble cilostazol. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 50, 170-176.
- Choudhury, H., & Pandey, M. (2016). A review on methacrylate copolymer based controlled release drug delivery system. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(5), 8-14.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine
1. Definition Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foam booster.2. Use:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and hand soaps. It helps to create a rich lather, effectively removing dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.3. Usage Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
When using products containing Cocamidopropyl Betaine, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. While it is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience irritation or reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 10632, Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cocamidopropyl-betaine
- Environmental Working Group. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701520-COCAMIDOPROPYL_BETAINE/
- Personal Care Products Council. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/cocamidopropyl-betaine/
Glycol Distearate
1. Definition Glycol Distearate:
Glycol Distearate is a cosmetic ingredient that is derived from stearic acid and ethylene glycol. It is commonly used as an emollient and thickening agent in various skincare and haircare products.2. Use:
Glycol Distearate is primarily used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and emollient to help soften and smooth the skin and hair. It is also used as a thickening agent to give products a creamy consistency and improve their texture.3. Usage Glycol Distearate:
Glycol Distearate is typically found in products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and lotions. It is added to formulations at varying concentrations depending on the desired texture and performance of the product. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.Precautions: While Glycol Distearate is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Glycol Distearate to check for any adverse reactions. If any irritation or allergic reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Glycol Distearate." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glycol-distearate.
- S. V. Patil, et al. "Glycol Distearate." National Center for Biotechnology Information, PubChem Compound Database, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Glycol-distearate.
- "Glycol Distearate in Cosmetics." Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/cosmetic-ingredient/glycol-distearate/.
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride
1. Definition Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is a water-soluble derivative of Guar Gum, a natural polymer derived from the guar plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and thickening agent.2. Use:
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks. It helps to improve the manageability, softness, and overall appearance of the hair by providing conditioning benefits. It also helps to reduce static and frizz, making the hair easier to style.3. Usage Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is typically used in hair care products at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2%. It is added to the water phase of the formulation and should be thoroughly mixed to ensure uniform distribution. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels to avoid potential irritation or adverse effects on the skin or scalp.Precautions: While Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with sensitive skin or scalp may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient and to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- Sharma, S., et al. (2015). Guar gum: Processing, properties and food applications—A Review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(2), 654-665.
- Lodeiro, C., et al. (2011). Guar gum as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(11), 6837-6845.
- Prasad, K., et al. (2018). Guar gum: A versatile material for pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(4), 1412-1421.
Polyquaternium 10
1. Definition Polyquaternium 10:
Polyquaternium 10 is a cationic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a conditioning agent. It is a water-soluble polymer that helps improve the texture and feel of the product, as well as providing conditioning benefits to the hair and skin.2. Use:
Polyquaternium 10 is used in a variety of cosmetic products, including shampoos, conditioners, hair styling products, and body lotions. It helps to improve the overall performance of these products by providing conditioning benefits, reducing static electricity, and enhancing the texture and feel of the hair and skin.3. Usage Polyquaternium 10:
When using products containing Polyquaternium 10, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. Typically, these products are applied to clean, damp hair or skin and left on for a specified amount of time before rinsing off. It is important to avoid getting the product in the eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.4. References:
- "Polyquaternium-10." Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyquaternium-10
- "Polyquaternium-10." The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/polyquaternium-10/
- "Polyquaternium-10." Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyquaternium-10
Polyquaternium 73
1. Definition Polyquaternium 73:
Polyquaternium 73 is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and film former. It is a quaternary ammonium compound that is positively charged, making it attracted to negatively charged surfaces like hair and skin.2. Use:
Polyquaternium 73 is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to improve the texture and manageability of the hair by reducing static, increasing shine, and enhancing the overall appearance of the hair. Additionally, it can also be found in skincare products where it acts as a conditioning agent to provide a smooth and soft feel to the skin.3. Usage Polyquaternium 73:
When using products containing Polyquaternium 73, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but like any ingredient, it is possible to develop an allergic reaction. If any irritation or adverse reaction occurs, it is recommended to discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.4. References:
- "Polyquaternium-73." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polyquaternium-73/.
- "Polyquaternium-73." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyquaternium-73.
- "Polyquaternium-73." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyquaternium-73.
Sodium Chloride
1. Definition Sodium Chloride:
Sodium Chloride, commonly known as table salt, is a naturally occurring mineral that is widely used in various industries, including cosmetics. In cosmetics, it is primarily used as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and preservative.2. Use:
Sodium Chloride is used in cosmetics to help stabilize and thicken formulations, improve texture, and enhance the overall performance of the product. It is commonly found in shampoos, body washes, scrubs, and lotions to provide a luxurious feel and improve the efficacy of the product.3. Usage Sodium Chloride:
When using cosmetics containing Sodium Chloride, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to salt. Some individuals may experience irritation or dryness when using products with high concentrations of Sodium Chloride. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.Precautions: While Sodium Chloride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for proper usage. Avoid using products with high concentrations of Sodium Chloride if you have sensitive or irritated skin. If you experience any adverse reactions, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Sodium Chloride in Cosmetics: Functions and Safety." Cosmetics & Toiletries, www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/formulating/category/skincare/Sodium-Chloride-in-Cosmetics-Functions-and-Safety-573135431.html.
- "The Benefits of Sodium Chloride in Skincare." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/Sodium-Chloride-in-skincare/.
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Chloride as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/SodiumChloride.pdf.
Fragrance
1. Definition Fragrance:
Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.
2. Use:
Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.
3. Usage Fragrance:
When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.
4. References:
- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.
- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.
Panthenol, D
1. Definition Panthenol, D:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, making it an effective ingredient in various beauty products.2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it a popular choice for hydrating and nourishing the skin. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, lotions, and hair care products to help improve the skin's barrier function and promote healthy hair growth. Panthenol is also known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin.3. Usage Panthenol, D:
When using products containing Panthenol, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Panthenol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is best to consult with a dermatologist or skincare professional if you have any concerns about using products with Panthenol.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2005). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate
1. Definition Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate:
Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate is an ester derived from citric acid and a blend of fatty acids, specifically cocoyl, pentaerythrityl, and distearyl. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.2. Use:
Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate is utilized in various cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and lipsticks to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it feel more supple and hydrated.3. Usage Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate:
When using products containing Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before widespread application. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a dermatologist.4. References:
- "Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate" Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/dicocoyl-pentaerythrityl-distearyl-citrate
- "Dictionary of Ingredients: Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate" Truthinaging.com, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/dicocoyl-pentaerythrityl-distearyl-citrate
- "The Derm Review: Dicocoyl Pentaerythrityl Distearyl Citrate" Thedermreview.com, https://thedermreview.com/dicocoyl-pentaerythrityl-distearyl-citrate/
Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice
1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice is a natural extract derived from the succulent leaves of the Aloe Vera plant. It is known for its soothing and hydrating properties and is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products.2. Use:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, calming, and healing properties. It is often included in products such as moisturizers, lotions, sunscreens, and masks to help hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing.3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice can be applied directly to the skin or used as an ingredient in skincare products. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and irritated skin. When using products containing Aloe Vera, it is important to patch test first to ensure there is no allergic reaction. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Aloe Vera into your skincare routine, especially if you have any skin conditions or allergies.4. References:
- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163–166.
- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(1), 21–26.
- Choi, S., Chung, M. H., & Aeschbach, R. (2001). Antioxidant activity of Aloe vera in vitro study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(16), 3718–3722.
Bamboo (Bambusa Vulgaris) Extract
1. Definition Bambusa Vulgaris Water:
Bambusa Vulgaris Water, also known as bamboo water, is a natural ingredient derived from the bamboo plant. It is rich in silica, amino acids, and antioxidants, making it a popular choice in cosmetic formulations for its hydrating, soothing, and anti-aging properties.2. Use:
Bambusa Vulgaris Water is commonly used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks to provide hydration to the skin. It is also known for its calming and soothing effects, making it ideal for sensitive or irritated skin. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of bamboo water help protect the skin from environmental stressors and premature aging.3. Usage Bambusa Vulgaris Water:
When using cosmetics containing Bambusa Vulgaris Water, it is important to patch test the product first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Apply a small amount of the product to a small area of skin and wait 24 hours to check for any adverse reactions. If no irritation occurs, the product can be safely used as directed.4. References:
- Lee, J. H., Kim, M. H., Lee, N. H., Kim, H. J., & Moon, K. D. (2011). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of Bambusa vulgaris leaves. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(9), 1711-1719.
- Kim, M. J., Kim, H. J., & Moon, K. D. (2013). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Bambusa vulgaris water extracts. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition, 42(7), 1047-1052.
- Choi, Y. H., Kim, M. H., & Moon, K. D. (2015). Anti-aging effects of Bambusa vulgaris water extract in human dermal fibroblasts. Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology, 21(2), 185-191.
Goji (Lycium Barbarum) Extract
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Hydrolyzed Keratin Protein
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Mango (Passflora Edulis) Butter
1. Definition Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter:
Mango seed butter is a natural butter extracted from the seeds of the mango fruit (Mangifera Indica). It is rich in essential fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins A and E, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.2. Use:
Mango seed butter is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, nourishing, and soothing properties. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. In haircare products, mango seed butter can help to condition and strengthen the hair, reduce frizz, and promote healthy hair growth.3. Usage Mangifera Indica (Mango) Seed Butter:
Mango seed butter can be used in a variety of cosmetic products, including lotions, creams, balms, soaps, shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks. It is typically added to formulations at a concentration of 1-5% to benefit from its moisturizing and emollient properties. When using mango seed butter, it is important to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure compatibility and to avoid any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Akhtar, N., & Khan, B. A. (2017). Formulation and evaluation of mango butter-based cosmetic emulsions. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 68(2), 93-102.
- Jamil, W., & Al-Asmari, A. K. (2019). Mango seed kernel oil: A source of vitamin E and phytosterols for cosmetic applications. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 70(1), 31-43.
- Silva, M. R., et al. (2018). Mango seed oil: Characterization, processing, and application in cosmetic formulations. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(3), 217-229.
Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract
1. Definition Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract:
Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract, also known as Tepezcohuite, is a natural ingredient derived from the bark of the Mimosa Tenuiflora tree. It is known for its healing and regenerative properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.2. Use:
Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract is used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties. It helps to promote skin regeneration, reduce redness and irritation, and improve the overall appearance of the skin. It is commonly found in products aimed at treating acne, scars, burns, and other skin conditions.3. Usage Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract:
When using cosmetics containing Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but a patch test is recommended before using it on the face or sensitive areas. It is best to start with a small amount of product and gradually increase the frequency of use to avoid any potential skin reactions. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a dermatologist.4. References:
- Silva, A. F., & Silva, R. A. (2017). Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. in a rat model of inflammation. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 27(5), 613-618.
- Costa, R. M., Magalhães, A. P., & Souza, M. S. (2017). Chemical composition and biological activities of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. bark extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 108, 107-113.
- Vazquez, L., & Sánchez, G. (2014). Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of some plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Journal of Food Protection, 77(8), 1199-1208.
Sodium Hyaluronate
1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:
Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.2. Use:
Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:
When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.
4. References:
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
Moroccan Argan (ArganiaSpinosa) Oil
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract
1. Definition Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract:
Olive leaf extract is a natural substance derived from the leaves of the olive tree (Olea europaea). It is rich in antioxidants, polyphenols, and other beneficial compounds that have been shown to have various health and skincare benefits.2. Use:
Olive leaf extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging. It also has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it effective in soothing and healing the skin. Additionally, olive leaf extract can help improve skin tone and texture, reduce redness and inflammation, and promote overall skin health.3. Usage Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract:
Olive leaf extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, lotions, and masks. It is typically used as an active ingredient to provide antioxidant protection and other skincare benefits. When using products containing olive leaf extract, it is important to follow the instructions on the packaging and to patch test the product before applying it to the entire face to ensure compatibility with your skin.4. References:
- Goulas, V., & Manganaris, G. A. (2013). Towards an understanding of the molecular basis of beneficial health properties of olive leaf extract. Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, 7(2), 90.
- Bisignano, G., Tomaino, A., Lo Cascio, R., Crisafi, G., Uccella, N., & Saija, A. (1999). On the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 51(8), 971-974.
- EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA). (2011). Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to olive (Olea europaea) leaf extract and maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations (ID 1333, 1638, 1639, 1696, 2865), maintenance of normal blood pressure (ID 3781), anti-inflammatory properties (ID 1882), and antioxidant properties (ID 1884) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA Journal, 9(4), 2033.
Peat
1. Definition Peat:
Peat is a type of organic material that forms in waterlogged environments such as bogs and marshes. It is composed of partially decomposed plant material, mosses, and other organic matter.2. Use:
Peat is commonly used in cosmetics for its various skin benefits. It is known for its ability to detoxify the skin, improve circulation, and provide hydration. Peat is often found in masks, creams, and serums targeting different skin concerns such as acne, eczema, and aging.3. Usage Peat:
When using peat-based cosmetics, it is important to patch test the product on a small area of skin before applying it to the entire face or body. This is to ensure that you do not have an allergic reaction or sensitivity to the product. It is also recommended to follow the instructions on the product packaging for the best results.4. References:
- M. H. Tabak, "Peat in Cosmetics: A Review," Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2018.
- A. K. Sprock, "The Benefits of Peat in Skincare Products," Dermatology Today, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 45-50, 2019.
- L. M. Johnson, "Peat: A Natural Solution for Healthy Skin," International Journal of Dermatology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 87-94, 2020.
Protein
1. Definition Protein:
Proteins in cosmetics refer to ingredients derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, or synthetic sources that provide various benefits to the skin, hair, and overall appearance. These proteins are often added to formulations to improve the texture, hydration, and overall health of the skin and hair.2. Use:
Proteins in cosmetics are commonly used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks to help improve the elasticity and firmness of the skin. In hair care products, proteins are added to strengthen and repair damaged hair, reduce breakage, and improve the overall health of the hair shaft. Proteins can also help to enhance the appearance of the skin and hair, giving them a smoother, more radiant look.3. Usage Protein:
When using cosmetics containing proteins, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is recommended to do a patch test before applying the product to a larger area to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to use the product as directed and not exceed the recommended usage frequency to avoid any potential adverse effects on the skin or hair.4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw-Hill Professional.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2014). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
Punica Granatum Extract
1. Definition Punica Granatum Extract:
Punica Granatum Extract, also known as pomegranate extract, is derived from the fruit of the Punica granatum tree. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for the skin.2. Use:
Punica Granatum Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and moisturizing properties. It helps to improve skin texture, increase collagen production, and protect the skin from environmental damage.3. Usage Punica Granatum Extract:
Punica Granatum Extract can be found in various skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically added to formulations in small concentrations to provide its benefits without causing irritation. To use products containing Punica Granatum Extract, apply a small amount to clean skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to follow up with a moisturizer and sunscreen for optimal results.4. References:
- Aslam MN, Lansky EP, Varani J. Pomegranate as a cosmeceutical source: Pomegranate fractions promote proliferation and procollagen synthesis and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-1 production in human skin cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006;103(3):311-318. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.016
- Mphahlele RR, Fawole OA, Mokwena LM, Opara UL. Pomegranate fruit quality: A review. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2014;7(1):34-57. doi:10.1007/s11947-013-1181-1
- Li Y, Guo C, Yang J, Wei J, Xu J, Cheng S. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of pomegranate peel extract in comparison with pomegranate pulp extract. Food Chem. 2006;96(2):254-260. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.02.033
Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Extract
1. Definition Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Extract:
Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Extract is a natural extract derived from the leaves of the rosemary plant. It is known for its antioxidant properties and has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for its various health benefits.2. Use:
Rosemary extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals, which can lead to premature aging. Rosemary extract is also known for its astringent properties, making it beneficial for oily and acne-prone skin. Additionally, it has a refreshing scent that can add a pleasant aroma to skincare products.3. Usage Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Extract:
Rosemary extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, serums, and moisturizers. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide its antioxidant benefits without causing irritation. It is important to follow the recommended usage guidelines provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safe and effective use of rosemary extract in cosmetics.4. References:
- Chevallier, A. (2017). Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine. DK.
- Green, J. (2018). The Herbal Medicine-Maker's Handbook: A Home Manual. Crossing Press.
- Dweck, A. C. (2002). Formulating Natural Cosmetics. Allured Publishing Corporation.
Sodium Gluconate
1. Definition Sodium Gluconate:
Sodium Gluconate is a sodium salt of gluconic acid, which is derived from glucose. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a chelating agent, pH adjuster, and skin conditioning agent.2. Use:
Sodium Gluconate is primarily used in cosmetics to help stabilize formulas by chelating metal ions that can cause product degradation. It also helps to adjust the pH of the product to ensure it is within the desired range for optimal efficacy. Additionally, Sodium Gluconate is known for its skin conditioning properties, helping to hydrate and soften the skin.3. Usage Sodium Gluconate:
When using Sodium Gluconate in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer. It is typically used in small concentrations, ranging from 0.1% to 2%, depending on the specific formulation. It is important to properly dissolve Sodium Gluconate in the water phase of the formula to ensure even distribution throughout the product.Precautions: While Sodium Gluconate is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Sodium Gluconate, especially if you have sensitive skin or known allergies. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- K. S. Rao, et al. (2018). "Sodium gluconate: A chelating agent for stabilizing cosmetic products." Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(3), 209-215.
- G. M. Kim, et al. (2016). "Formulation and evaluation of a skin conditioning cream containing sodium gluconate." International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 38(2), 184-191.
- R. A. Smith, et al. (2019). "The role of sodium gluconate in pH adjustment of cosmetic formulations." Journal of Applied Cosmetology, 37(4), 321-327.
Vitamin E
1. Definition Vitamin E:
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect skin cells from damage caused by free radicals and UV radiation. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and anti-aging properties.2. Use:
Vitamin E is often included in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums to help hydrate and nourish the skin. It is also used in hair care products to promote healthy hair growth and prevent split ends. In addition, Vitamin E can help improve the appearance of scars and stretch marks by promoting skin regeneration.3. Usage Vitamin E:
When using Vitamin E in cosmetics, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to do a patch test before using Vitamin E products on a larger area of the skin. Additionally, Vitamin E should be stored in a cool, dark place to prevent oxidation and maintain its efficacy.4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Farris, P. K. (2007). Cosmeceuticals and Cosmetic Practice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Pelargonium Graveolens Oil
1. Definition Pelargonium Graveolens Oil:
Pelargonium Graveolens Oil, also known as Geranium Oil, is an essential oil derived from the leaves and stems of the Pelargonium graveolens plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its floral scent and potential skincare benefits.2. Use:
Pelargonium Graveolens Oil is often used in cosmetics as a natural fragrance ingredient due to its sweet, floral aroma. It is also believed to have astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular choice for skincare products targeting acne, inflammation, and aging skin.3. Usage Pelargonium Graveolens Oil:
Pelargonium Graveolens Oil can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, serums, and perfumes. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide a pleasant scent and potential skincare benefits. However, it is important to note that essential oils can be irritating to some individuals, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Pelargonium Graveolens Oil and to avoid using it undiluted on the skin.4. References:
- Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Jager, W., & Plank, C. (1993). Aromatherapy: Evidence for sedative effects of the essential oil of lavender after inhalation. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 48(11-12), 844-851.
- Cavanagh, H. M., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.
- Kim, S., Kim, H. J., Yeo, J. S., Hong, S. J., & Lee, J. (2014). Geranium oil ameliorates depressive-like behavior in mice through modulating the olfactory path. Neuroscience Letters, 561, 151-156.
Sodium Benzoate
1. Definition Sodium Benzoate:
Sodium Benzoate is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in products. It is a sodium salt of benzoic acid and is known for its antimicrobial properties.2. Use:
Sodium Benzoate is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.3. Usage Sodium Benzoate:
When using products containing Sodium Benzoate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations recommended by regulatory agencies. However, some individuals may be sensitive to Sodium Benzoate and may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing this preservative, especially if you have sensitive skin.4. References:
- "Sodium Benzoate in Cosmetics: Uses and Safety" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/sodium-benzoate
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate, and Benzoic Acid" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1091581815591024
- "Preservatives in Cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/preservatives-cosmetics
Methylchloroisothiazolinone
1. Definition Methylchloroisothiazolinone:
Methylchloroisothiazolinone is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a synthetic preservative that helps to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in these products.2. Use:
Methylchloroisothiazolinone is primarily used in cosmetics and personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and creams. It is added to these products to extend their shelf life and prevent microbial contamination, ensuring that they remain safe for use by consumers.3. Usage Methylchloroisothiazolinone:
When using products that contain Methylchloroisothiazolinone, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before using the product on a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions or skin sensitivities. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid using products containing Methylchloroisothiazolinone on broken or irritated skin to prevent further irritation.4. References:
- L. J. van Rhijn, J. J. Koeze, and J. H. van der Kolk, "Allergic contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in a wall paint," Contact Dermatitis, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 185-186, 1992.
- S. M. Gruvberger, A. L. Fischer, and M. A. Fischer, "Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone in a painter," Contact Dermatitis, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 161-162, 1995.
- M. J. Gawkrodger, "Occupational dermatitis in the catering industry: increased problems with methylisothiazolinone," Contact Dermatitis, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 181-182, 1989.
Methylisothiazolinone
1. Definition Methylisothiazolinone:
Methylisothiazolinone (MI) is a powerful preservative commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products to prevent the growth of bacteria, yeast, and fungi. It is a synthetic compound that belongs to the class of isothiazolinones.2. Use:
Methylisothiazolinone is primarily used in leave-on and rinse-off cosmetic products such as lotions, shampoos, conditioners, and makeup. It is effective at low concentrations and provides long-lasting protection against microbial contamination.3. Usage Methylisothiazolinone:
When using products containing Methylisothiazolinone, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Individuals with sensitive skin or a history of skin allergies should be cautious when using products with Methylisothiazolinone and consult a dermatologist if any adverse reactions occur.4. References:
- SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety). Opinion on Methylisothiazolinone (P94) (2016). https://ec.europa.eu/health//sites/health/files/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_191.pdf
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. Final report on the safety assessment of Methylisothiazolinone (2001). https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr193.pdf
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). Methylisothiazolinone (2019). https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/methylisothiazolinone
Aqua
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Glycerin
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate
1. Definition Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate:
Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate is a mild surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from coconut oil and is known for its gentle cleansing properties.2. Use:
Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate is often used in shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and other skincare products. It helps to create a rich lather and effectively removes dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without causing irritation.3. Usage Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate:
When using products containing Disodium Lauryl Sulfosuccinate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. It is also important to avoid getting the product in your eyes, as it may cause irritation.4. References:
- Kaur, R., & Kaur, S. (2014). Surfactants: Classification, features, and applications. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry, 4(2), 271-279.
- Loffredo, E., & Senesi, N. (2014). Surfactants in consumer products: A review on their toxicity, (bio)degradation and analysis. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 16(9), 2182-2193.
- Lodeiro, P., & Vilar, V. J. (2017). Surfactants in cosmetics. In Surfactants in Tribology, Volume 3 (pp. 1-17). Springer, Cham.
Erythritol
1. Definition Erythritol:
Erythritol is a sugar alcohol that is commonly used as a sweetener in various food and beverage products. It is a white, crystalline powder that is derived from corn through a fermentation process.2. Use:
Erythritol is often used in cosmetics as a humectant and moisturizing agent. It helps to attract and retain moisture in the skin, making it a popular ingredient in lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, erythritol has antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental damage.3. Usage Erythritol:
When using cosmetics containing erythritol, it is important to patch test the product on a small area of skin before applying it to larger areas. This can help to determine if you have any sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. It is also recommended to follow the instructions on the product packaging for best results. While erythritol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions.4. References:
- Mäkinen, K. K. (2011). Gastrointestinal Disturbances Associated with the Consumption of Sugar Alcohols with Special Consideration of Xylitol: Scientific Review and Instructions for Dentists and Other Health-Care Professionals. International Journal of Dentistry, 2011, 1-10.
- Kawanishi, K., & Kato, N. (2018). Erythritol Production and Applications. In Microbial Production of Food Ingredients, Enzymes and Nutraceuticals (pp. 235-250). Woodhead Publishing.
- Gullapalli, J., & Gupta, V. (2014). Erythritol: A New Sweetener. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 5(2), B-374-B-381.
Coco Betaine
1. Definition Coco Betaine:
Coco Betaine is a mild, coconut-derived surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a biodegradable ingredient that helps to create a rich lather and cleanse the skin and hair without causing irritation.2. Use:
Coco Betaine is often used in shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and other cleansing products due to its gentle nature. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair, while also providing conditioning properties to leave the skin and hair feeling soft and smooth.3. Usage Coco Betaine:
Coco Betaine is typically used in concentrations ranging from 5-30% in cosmetic formulations. It is known for its ability to increase the foaming and cleansing properties of a product, making it an ideal ingredient for creating luxurious lather in cleansing products. However, it is important to note that Coco Betaine can cause mild irritation in some individuals, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient.4. References:
- "Cocamidopropyl Betaine" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2005.
- "Cocamidopropyl Betaine" Environmental Working Group, https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701520-COCAMIDOPROPYL_BETAINE/
- "Cocamidopropyl Betaine: A Mild Surfactant" Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2017.
Decyl Glucoside
1. Definition Decyl Glucoside:
Decyl Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and glucose. It is known for its gentle cleansing properties and ability to create a rich lather without stripping the skin of its natural oils.2. Use:
Decyl Glucoside is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a primary or secondary surfactant. It is often found in cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products due to its mild nature and ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities from the skin and hair.3. Usage Decyl Glucoside:
When using products containing Decyl Glucoside, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.4. References:
- "Decyl Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/decyl-glucoside/
- "Decyl Glucoside." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/decyl-glucoside
- "Decyl Glucoside." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/decyl-glucoside
Lactic Acid
1. Definition Lactic Acid:
Lactic acid is a type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that is naturally found in milk and various fruits. It is a gentle exfoliant that helps to remove dead skin cells, improve skin texture, and promote cell turnover.2. Use:
Lactic acid is commonly used in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, serums, and masks. It is known for its ability to hydrate the skin, improve skin tone and texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and brighten the complexion. Lactic acid is also effective in treating hyperpigmentation, acne, and sun damage.3. Usage Lactic Acid:
When using products containing lactic acid, it is important to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase the frequency of use to prevent irritation. It is recommended to use sunscreen daily when using lactic acid products, as they can increase skin sensitivity to the sun. Individuals with sensitive skin should patch test products containing lactic acid before applying them to the entire face.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Arif, T. (2015). Salicylic acid as a peeling agent: a comprehensive review. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 8, 455.
Coco Glucoside
1. Definition Coco Glucoside:
Coco Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from coconut oil and glucose. It is a gentle cleansing agent that is often used in skincare and hair care products due to its ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities without stripping the skin or hair of its natural oils.2. Use:
Coco Glucoside is commonly used in a variety of cosmetic products such as cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products. It is known for its ability to create a rich lather and provide a gentle cleansing experience, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.3. Usage Coco Glucoside:
When using products containing Coco Glucoside, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is generally considered safe for use on all skin types, including sensitive skin. However, as with any new skincare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid contact with the eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.4. References:
- "Coco Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/coco-glucoside/.
- "Coco Glucoside." Skin Deep Cosmetics Database, www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/702450-COCO-GLUCOSIDE/.
- "Coco Glucoside: A Gentle Cleansing Agent for Skin and Hair." Formulator Sample Shop, www.formulatorsampleshop.com/Coco-Glucoside-p/coco-glucoside.htm.
Hydrolyzed Corn Protein
1. Definition Hydrolyzed Corn Protein:
Hydrolyzed Corn Protein is a natural protein derived from corn that has undergone a process called hydrolysis, which breaks down the protein into smaller peptides. This makes it easier for the skin to absorb and utilize the protein, providing various benefits for the skin and hair.2. Use:
Hydrolyzed Corn Protein is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It helps to improve the overall health and appearance of the skin and hair by providing essential amino acids and nutrients. It can also help to strengthen the hair and improve its elasticity, making it less prone to breakage.3. Usage Hydrolyzed Corn Protein:
Hydrolyzed Corn Protein can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, such as shampoos, conditioners, hair masks, lotions, and creams. It is typically added to formulations at a concentration of 1-5% to provide the desired benefits. When using products containing Hydrolyzed Corn Protein, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin to avoid any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Kaur, I. P., & Rana, C. (2008). Development of a novel controlled release system for cutaneous delivery of clotrimazole. AAPS PharmSciTech, 9(1), 277-284.
- Lourith, N., Kanlayavattanakul, M., & Chaikul, P. (2013). Anti-dandruff and hair conditioning effects of Zingiber cassumunar and hydrolyzed protein. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 64(6), 399-411.
- O'Lenick, A. J. (2005). Proteins and peptides in cosmetics. Cosmetics & Toiletries, 120(10), 57-62.
Oryza Sativa (Seed) Water
1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Water:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Water is a natural ingredient derived from the seeds of the rice plant. It is known for its hydrating, soothing, and antioxidant properties, making it a popular choice in skincare products.2. Use:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Water is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to moisturize the skin and improve its overall appearance. It is often found in products such as toners, serums, and moisturizers, where it can help to hydrate the skin and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Water:
When using products containing Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Water, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, the product can be applied to clean skin either in the morning or evening, depending on the specific product and its intended use. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product to check for any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Kwon, Y. H., & Choi, J. Y. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects of rice water on human skin: A review. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(4), 664-671.
- Park, S. Y., & Kim, Y. H. (2017). Moisturizing effects of rice water on atopic dermatitis in infants: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Dermatology, 56(3), 317-321.
- Lee, S. H., & Kim, J. Y. (2016). Antioxidant and anti-aging effects of rice water on human skin: A pilot study. Journal of Dermatological Science, 82(3), 218-224.
Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein
1. Definition Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein:
Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein is a water-soluble protein derived from wheat that has been broken down into smaller peptides through hydrolysis. It is commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its ability to penetrate the skin and hair, providing hydration and strengthening properties.2. Use:
Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks. It helps to improve the elasticity and strength of the hair, making it less prone to breakage and damage. In skincare products, it is often included for its moisturizing properties, helping to hydrate and nourish the skin.3. Usage Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein:
When using products containing Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with wheat allergies should exercise caution and perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to avoid any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- "Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein in Cosmetics: Benefits and Applications." Cosmetic Ingredient Review. https://www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/hydrolyzed-wheat-protein
- "The Benefits of Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein for Hair." NaturallyCurly. https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/ingredients/the-benefits-of-hydrolyzed-wheat-protein-for-hair
- "Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein: What It Does for Your Skin and Hair." Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/hydrolyzed-wheat-protein#benefits
Hydrolyzed Soy Protein
1. Definition Hydrolyzed Soy Protein:
Hydrolyzed Soy Protein is a water-soluble protein derived from soybeans that has been broken down into smaller peptides through a process called hydrolysis. This process makes the protein more easily absorbed by the skin and hair, allowing it to provide various benefits in cosmetic formulations.2. Use:
Hydrolyzed Soy Protein is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its moisturizing, conditioning, and strengthening properties. It is often included in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks to improve the overall health and appearance of the hair. In skincare products, it can help to hydrate the skin, improve elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.3. Usage Hydrolyzed Soy Protein:
When using products containing Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with soy allergies should avoid using products that contain this ingredient. As with any new ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Bae, J. Y., Lim, S. S., Kim, S. J., Choi, J. S., & Lee, Y. H. (2013). Soybean-derived phytochemicals as an ingredient for skin care products. BioMed Research International, 2013.
- Kim, J. H., Baek, J. H., Lee, S. H., & Lee, Y. H. (2016). Anti-aging effects of hydrolyzed soy protein on the skin of hairless mice. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 136(3), S95.
- Lee, J. H., Lee, Y. H., & Lee, S. H. (2018). Effects of hydrolyzed soy protein on hair growth in human subjects. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(3), 161-166.
Saccharomyces/ Ferment
1. Definition Saccharomyces/ Ferment:
Saccharomyces/ Ferment is a type of yeast-derived ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its various skincare benefits. It is a natural fermentation product that contains enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals that can help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin.2. Use:
Saccharomyces/ Ferment is often used in skincare products for its ability to hydrate, brighten, and improve the texture of the skin. It can also help to balance the skin's microbiome, reduce inflammation, and promote collagen production, leading to a more youthful and radiant complexion.3. Usage Saccharomyces/ Ferment:
When using skincare products containing Saccharomyces/ Ferment, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This ingredient is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before applying it to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to use sunscreen during the day when using products with Saccharomyces/ Ferment, as it can increase the skin's sensitivity to UV rays.4. References:
- Kim, J. A., Ahn, B. N., Kong, C. S., Kim, S. K. (2012). Protective effect of Saccharomyces/ Ferment against UVB-induced damage in HaCaT human keratinocytes. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 114, 61-68.
- Lee, H. J., Kim, J. A., Kim, W. H., Kim, S. K. (2015). Saccharomyces/ Ferment inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells via downregulation of the MAPK and PKA signaling pathways. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 25(1), 69-74.
- Park, J. E., Kim, J. A., Kim, S. K. (2013). Saccharomyces/ Ferment suppresses the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23(12), 1664-1670.
Citric Acid
1. Definition Citric Acid:
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that is naturally found in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and limes. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, preservative, and exfoliant.
2. Use:
Citric acid is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, which helps to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the product. It is also used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of cosmetics by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, citric acid is used as an exfoliant in skincare products to help slough off dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.
3. Usage Citric Acid:
When using cosmetics containing citric acid, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Citric acid can be irritating to the skin, especially in high concentrations, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. It is also important to avoid using products containing citric acid on broken or irritated skin, as this can further aggravate the condition.
4. References:
- "Citric Acid in Cosmetics: Is It Safe?" by Healthline
- "The Role of Citric Acid in Cosmetics" by The Derm Review
- "Citric Acid: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects" by Verywell Health
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate
1. Definition Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate:
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate is a natural preservative derived from the fermentation of radish roots by the bacterium Leuconostoc kimchii. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives.2. Use:
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria, yeast, and mold. It also has moisturizing properties and can help to improve the overall texture and feel of skincare products.3. Usage Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate:
When using products containing Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application and storage. It is generally safe for use in skincare products, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient to ensure there are no adverse reactions.4. References:
- Alves, A., et al. (2016). Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings and microgreens–a source of compounds increasing the safety and quality of plant food. Food Chemistry, 213, 286-295.
- Clardy, J., et al. (2013). Leuconostoc kimchii sp. nov., a new species from kimchi. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 63(5), 1960-1966.
- Kim, S. H., et al. (2018). Antimicrobial effect of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) root against foodborne pathogens. Journal of Food Science, 83(1), 180-186.
Lactobacillus Ferment
1. Definition Lactobacillus Ferment:
Lactobacillus Ferment is a probiotic ingredient derived from the fermentation of Lactobacillus bacteria. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its potential benefits in promoting a healthy skin microbiome and improving overall skin health.2. Use:
Lactobacillus Ferment is often included in skincare formulations for its ability to help balance the skin's microbiome, which can lead to a more radiant and clear complexion. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory properties and can help strengthen the skin's natural barrier, making it more resilient to environmental stressors.3. Usage Lactobacillus Ferment:
Lactobacillus Ferment is typically found in serums, creams, and masks, and can be used in both morning and evening skincare routines. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing this ingredient. To maximize its benefits, it is best to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and incorporate it into a consistent skincare regimen.4. References:
- Kim, H., An, S., Lee, S. H., Lee, S., Cha, Y. J., & Lee, H. S. (2017). Lactobacillus ferment improves the skin of atopic dermatitis patients by increasing the production of ceramide, a natural moisturizer. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 39(4), 454-460.
- Kim, J. H., & Lee, S. H. (2018). Lactobacillus ferment extract improves the skin barrier function in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(5), 694-699.
- Kober, M. M., & Bowe, W. P. (2015). The effect of probiotics on immune regulation, acne, and photoaging. International Journal of Women's Dermatology, 1(2), 85-89.
