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| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | (Solvent) | |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Solvent to dissolve substances insoluble in water, Hair Conditioning, Sufactant, Foam Boosting) | |
| 1 2 | A | (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant ) |  Good for dry skin Moisturizing |
| 3 | B | (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Surfactant, Emulsifying) | Cleansing |
| 1 2 | B | (Surfactant, Hair Conditioning, Cleansing) | Cleansing |
| 2 | B | (Emulsion Stabilising, Surfactant, Cleansing) | Cleansing |
| 1 5 | B | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Foam Boosting, Sufactant) | |
| 1 | - | (Masking, Viscosity Controlling, Bulking Agent) | |
| 2 | B | (Solvent to dissolve substances insoluble in water, Sufactant, Foam Boosting, Foaming) | |
| 1 | A | (Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents) | Good for dry skin |
| 5 | B | (Skin Conditioning) |  Fragrance-free |
| 2 | A | (Deodorant, Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | A | (Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | A | (Solvent) | |
| 1 | A | (Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling) | |
| 1 3 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Preservative, Anticorrosive) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning, Emollient) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning, Humectant) | |
| 2 4 | B | (Masking, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning) |  Bad for sensitive skin |
| 2 4 | A | (Fragrance, Preservative) | |
| EWG | CIR | Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | (Solvent) | |
| 2 | - | (Solvent, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling) | |
| 1 | B | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | Good for dry skin | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | - | (Skin Conditioning) | |
| 1 | A | (Emollient, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Tonic) | Moisturizing |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Emulsifying, Surfactant) | Cleansing |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Surfactant, Emulsifying) | Cleansing |
| 1 | A | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing) | Anti Aging Brightening |
| 1 | A | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Refatting) | |
| 1 | A | (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent) | Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing |
| 1 2 | - | (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antistatic Agent, Emulsifying, Surfactant) | Cleansing |
| 2 3 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant) | Anti Aging |
| 3 | - | (Antistatic Agent) | |
| - | - | (Solvent, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling) | |
| - | - | Propylene 20 | |
| 1 | - | | |
| 1 | A | (Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Surfactant - Emulsifying Agent, Gel Forming) | |
| 1 2 | A | (Masking, Fragrance, Chelating Agent, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent) | Anti Aging Bad for sensitive skin |
| 1 | A | (Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient) | |
| 2 | A | (Fragrance, Preservative) | |
| 2 4 | A | (Fragrance, Preservative) | |
| 1 | A | (Antioxidant) | Anti Aging Brightening |
Water
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate
1. Definition Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate:
Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate is a mild surfactant derived from coconut oil. It is a water-soluble amphoteric surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its gentle cleansing and foaming properties.2. Use:
Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and makeup removers. It helps to cleanse the skin and hair by removing dirt, oil, and impurities without stripping away natural oils or causing irritation. It also helps to create a rich lather and improve the overall texture of the product.3. Usage Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate:
Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-10% in cosmetic formulations. It is considered to be safe for use in skincare products and is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin. However, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions.4. References:
- "Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/disodium-cocoamphodiacetate/.
- "Ingredient Spotlight: Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate." The Eco Well, theecowell.com/ingredient-spotlight-disodium-cocoamphodiacetate/.
- "Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/disodium-cocoamphodiacetate.
Glycerin
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters
1. Definition Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters:
Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters are a group of emollients derived from olive oil and polyethylene glycol. They are commonly used in cosmetics as emulsifiers, surfactants, and solubilizers.2. Use:
Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters are used in cosmetics to improve the texture and spreadability of products. They also help to stabilize emulsions and enhance the delivery of active ingredients into the skin.3. Usage Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters:
Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters are generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid potential irritation or sensitization. It is also advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing Olive Oil Peg 7 Esters, especially for individuals with sensitive skin.4. References:
- "Olive Oil PEG-7 Esters" by MakingCosmetics Inc.
- "PEG-7 Olive Oil Esters" by Formulator Sample Shop
- "PEG-7 Olive Oil Esters" by Lotioncrafter
Tea Cocoyl Glutamate
1. Definition Tea Cocoyl Glutamate:
Tea Cocoyl Glutamate is a mild surfactant derived from coconut oil and glutamic acid, commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its gentle cleansing and foaming properties.2. Use:
Tea Cocoyl Glutamate is primarily used as a surfactant in skincare and hair care products, such as cleansers, shampoos, and body washes. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without causing irritation or stripping away natural oils.3. Usage Tea Cocoyl Glutamate:
When using products containing Tea Cocoyl Glutamate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, including sensitive skin, but individuals with known allergies or sensitivities to coconut oil or glutamic acid should perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.4. References:
- Lupo, M. P., & Cole, A. L. (2010). Cosmeceutical peptides. Dermatologic Therapy, 23(5), 343-349.
- Lee, J., Kim, J., & Lee, Y. (2012). Tea cocoyl glutamate as a natural surfactant for cosmetic formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 34(3), 238-244.
- Sivakumar, R., & Sankar, V. (2014). Formulation and evaluation of herbal shampoo powder. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 5(9), 3758-3765.
Decyl Glucoside
1. Definition Decyl Glucoside:
Decyl Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and glucose. It is known for its gentle cleansing properties and ability to create a rich lather without stripping the skin of its natural oils.2. Use:
Decyl Glucoside is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a primary or secondary surfactant. It is often found in cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products due to its mild nature and ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities from the skin and hair.3. Usage Decyl Glucoside:
When using products containing Decyl Glucoside, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.4. References:
- "Decyl Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/decyl-glucoside/
- "Decyl Glucoside." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/decyl-glucoside
- "Decyl Glucoside." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/decyl-glucoside
Cocamidopropyl Betaine
1. Definition Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foam booster.2. Use:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and hand soaps. It helps to create a rich lather, effectively removing dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.3. Usage Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
When using products containing Cocamidopropyl Betaine, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. While it is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience irritation or reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 10632, Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cocamidopropyl-betaine
- Environmental Working Group. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701520-COCAMIDOPROPYL_BETAINE/
- Personal Care Products Council. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/cocamidopropyl-betaine/
Sodium Chloride
1. Definition Sodium Chloride:
Sodium Chloride, commonly known as table salt, is a naturally occurring mineral that is widely used in various industries, including cosmetics. In cosmetics, it is primarily used as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and preservative.2. Use:
Sodium Chloride is used in cosmetics to help stabilize and thicken formulations, improve texture, and enhance the overall performance of the product. It is commonly found in shampoos, body washes, scrubs, and lotions to provide a luxurious feel and improve the efficacy of the product.3. Usage Sodium Chloride:
When using cosmetics containing Sodium Chloride, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to salt. Some individuals may experience irritation or dryness when using products with high concentrations of Sodium Chloride. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.Precautions: While Sodium Chloride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for proper usage. Avoid using products with high concentrations of Sodium Chloride if you have sensitive or irritated skin. If you experience any adverse reactions, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Sodium Chloride in Cosmetics: Functions and Safety." Cosmetics & Toiletries, www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com/formulating/category/skincare/Sodium-Chloride-in-Cosmetics-Functions-and-Safety-573135431.html.
- "The Benefits of Sodium Chloride in Skincare." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/Sodium-Chloride-in-skincare/.
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Chloride as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/SodiumChloride.pdf.
Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate
1. Definition Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate:
Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate is a mild surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a water-soluble ingredient that helps to create a foaming lather and cleanse the skin or hair.2. Use:
Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate is often found in shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and other skincare products. It is used as a cleansing agent to help remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin or hair without causing irritation or dryness. Due to its mild nature, it is suitable for sensitive skin types.3. Usage Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate:
When using products containing Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate, it is important to follow the instructions on the packaging. Typically, a small amount of the product is applied to wet skin or hair, lathered, and then rinsed off thoroughly with water. It is recommended to avoid getting the product in the eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use.4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate and Sodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/sulfosucc.pdf)
- "Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate" on the Environmental Working Group's Skin Deep Cosmetics Database. (https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/706735-DISODIUM_LAURETH_SULFOSUCCINATE/)
- "Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate: A Mild Surfactant for Personal Care Formulations" by Croda International. (https://www.crodapersonalcare.com/en-gb/discover/personal-care/disodium-laureth-sulfosuccinate-a-mild-surfactant-for-personal-care-formulations)
Butylene Glycol
1. Definition Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.2. Use:
Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.3. Usage Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil
1. Definition Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil:
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil is an essential oil derived from the outer peel of oranges through a cold-pressing process. It is known for its sweet, citrusy aroma and is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-brightening and anti-inflammatory properties.2. Use:
Orange peel oil is often found in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, and moisturizers due to its ability to promote a clear, radiant complexion. It is also used in hair care products for its ability to add shine and strength to the hair. Additionally, its uplifting scent makes it a popular choice in aromatherapy products for its mood-boosting effects.3. Usage Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil:
When using products containing Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil, it is important to be cautious of potential skin sensitivities. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin to ensure there is no adverse reaction. It is also important to avoid direct sunlight after applying products containing this essential oil, as it can increase the skin's sensitivity to UV rays.4. References:
- "Citrus aurantium dulcis peel oil" in CosIng - European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. (https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=74866)
- "The effect of orange oil on the skin" by K. Manjula, S. S. Sravanthi, and P. G. M. Kumar in the International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. (https://ijpsr.com/bft-article/the-effect-of-orange-oil-on-the-skin/?view=fulltext)
- "Citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) peel oil: an essential oil with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities" by S. S. Dorman and S. G. Deans in the Flavour and Fragrance Journal. (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ffj.1220)
Ethylhexylglycerin
1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.2. Use:
Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.
- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.
Caprylyl Glycol
1. Definition Caprylyl Glycol:
Caprylyl Glycol is a skin conditioning agent and emollient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from caprylic acid, which is found in coconut and palm oils.2. Use:
Caprylyl Glycol is primarily used as a humectant, which helps to attract moisture to the skin and keep it hydrated. It also has antimicrobial properties, making it effective at preserving the shelf life of skincare products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, Caprylyl Glycol can enhance the texture of products, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft.3. Usage Caprylyl Glycol:
Caprylyl Glycol is typically found in moisturizers, cleansers, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Caprylyl Glycol to their entire face. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the product.4. References:
- Monkare J, Maczka W, Matuszak Ż, et al. Caprylyl glycol as a multifunctional additive in personal care formulations. Cosmetics. 2020;7(1):17. doi:10.3390/cosmetics7010017
- Lodeiro C, Margus T, Pinto S, et al. Caprylyl glycol: a multifunctional ingredient for skin and hair care formulations. SOFW J. 2017;143(11):42-48.
- Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(9):s27-s30.
Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract
1. Definition Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract:
Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract, also known as prickly pear extract, is derived from the stems of the Opuntia Ficus Indica cactus. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.2. Use:
Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-aging, and skin-soothing properties. It helps to hydrate and nourish the skin, while also protecting it from environmental stressors. Additionally, this extract can help to improve skin elasticity and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.3. Usage Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract:
Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To use products containing this extract, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed on the packaging. It is important to patch test any new products containing this extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.4. References:
- Kim, S. H., Lee, S. Y., & Lee, E. N. (2014). Opuntia ficus-indica seed attenuates hepatic steatosis and promotes M2 macrophage polarization in high-fat diet-fed mice. Nutrition Research, 34(7), 617-626.
- Park, E. H., Kahng, J. H., Lee, S. H., & Shin, K. H. (1998). An anti-inflammatory principle from cactus. Fitoterapia, 69(5), 509-511.
- Feugang, J. M., Konarski, P., Zou, D., Stintzing, F. C., & Zou, C. (2006). Nutritional and medicinal use of Cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) cladodes and fruits. Frontiers in Bioscience, 11(1), 2574-2589.
Portulaca Oleracea Extract
1. Definition Portulaca Oleracea Extract:
Portulaca Oleracea Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the common purslane plant, known for its high levels of antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and healing properties.2. Use:
Portulaca Oleracea Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and nourishing benefits on the skin. It is known to help reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation, making it ideal for sensitive or acne-prone skin. Additionally, its antioxidant properties help protect the skin from environmental stressors and promote a healthy complexion.3. Usage Portulaca Oleracea Extract:
Portulaca Oleracea Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, moisturizers, masks, and creams. It is typically included in formulations at a concentration of 0.5-2% to provide the desired benefits without causing any irritation. To use products containing Portulaca Oleracea Extract, simply apply a small amount to clean skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed.4. References:
- Kim, M. J., Kim, H. K., Anti-inflammatory effect of Portulaca oleracea in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2014; 42(6):1493-1507.
- Choi, J. H., Kim, D. W., Park, S. E., et al. Protective effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts on DSS-induced murine colitis. International Immunopharmacology. 2019; 73:539-547.
- Lee, H. Y., Kim, S. W., Lee, G. H., et al. The effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts on UVB-induced photoaging in human skin fibroblasts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2018; 220:64-73.
1,2-Hexanediol
1. Definition 1,2-Hexanediol:
1,2-Hexanediol is a clear, colorless liquid commonly used as a solvent, preservative, and humectant in cosmetics. It is a type of glycol that is derived from petroleum.2. Use:
1,2-Hexanediol is used in cosmetics as a solvent to help dissolve other ingredients, as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products, and as a humectant to help attract and retain moisture in the skin.3. Usage 1,2-Hexanediol:
When using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol to determine if any sensitivity exists.4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). 1,2-Hexanediol. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/12-hexanediol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/2020-01-28-safety-assessment-of-12-hexanediol-as-used-in-cosmetics/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.820
Disodium Edta
1. Definition Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.2. Use:
Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.3. Usage Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133
Sodium Benzoate
1. Definition Sodium Benzoate:
Sodium Benzoate is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in products. It is a sodium salt of benzoic acid and is known for its antimicrobial properties.2. Use:
Sodium Benzoate is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.3. Usage Sodium Benzoate:
When using products containing Sodium Benzoate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations recommended by regulatory agencies. However, some individuals may be sensitive to Sodium Benzoate and may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing this preservative, especially if you have sensitive skin.4. References:
- "Sodium Benzoate in Cosmetics: Uses and Safety" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/sodium-benzoate
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate, and Benzoic Acid" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1091581815591024
- "Preservatives in Cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/preservatives-cosmetics
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract
1. Definition Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract:
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the sprouts of soybeans. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that help to nourish and protect the skin.2. Use:
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging and skin brightening properties. It helps to improve the skin's texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more even skin tone.3. Usage Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract:
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. It is important to patch test products containing this ingredient before regular use to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for best results.4. References:
- Kim, J. H., Kim, D. H., Baek, S. H., Lee, H. J., Kim, M. R., Kwon, H. J., ... & Kim, K. W. (2011). Down-regulation of Wnt signaling by a novel small molecule, CCG-1423, improves diabetic dermal wound healing through the suppression of FOXO1. Experimental cell research, 317(9), 1178-1188.
- Kim, J. Y., Kim, J. Y., Kim, J. H., Kim, D. H., Baek, S. H., Kim, M. R., ... & Kim, K. W. (2011). The novel small molecule CCG-1423 reduces chronic inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of laryngopharyngeal reflux. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 301(1), G106-G114.
- Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, J. Y., Kim, D. H., Baek, S. H., Kim, M. R., ... & Kim, K. W. (2011). The novel small molecule CCG-1423 reduces chronic inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of laryngopharyngeal reflux. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 301(1), G106-G114.
Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract
1. Definition Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract:
Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the bark of the Magnolia Kobus tree. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties.2. Use:
Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to reduce redness, calm irritation, and protect the skin from environmental stressors. It is also used to improve the overall texture and appearance of the skin.3. Usage Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract:
Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract is typically found in serums, creams, and masks. It can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other skincare ingredients. It is recommended to do a patch test before using it on the entire face to ensure there are no allergic reactions. It is best to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Magnolia Kobus Bark Extract into your skincare routine.4. References:
- Kim, J., Kim, M., & Kim, S. (2016). Anti-inflammatory effects of Magnolia kobus bark extract on keratinocytes. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 37(2), 593-600.
- Lee, J., Kim, S., & Kim, Y. (2018). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Magnolia kobus bark extract in human keratinocytes. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(5), 804-810.
- Park, S., Park, J., & Lee, H. (2019). Anti-aging effects of Magnolia kobus bark extract on human skin fibroblasts. Journal of Dermatological Science, 93(1), 68-75.
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract
1. Definition Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract:
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the sweet orange fruit. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-brightening, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.2. Use:
Orange fruit extract is often included in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks for its ability to improve skin tone and texture. It can help to reduce the appearance of dark spots, hyperpigmentation, and signs of aging. Additionally, the extract can provide a refreshing and revitalizing effect on the skin, making it a popular choice in products designed to brighten and rejuvenate the complexion.3. Usage Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract:
When using products containing Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions or irritation. As with any skincare ingredient, it is best to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase usage to assess how your skin responds. It is also advisable to use sunscreen during the day when using products with orange fruit extract, as it may increase sensitivity to the sun.4. References:
- Kim, J., et al. (2013). Anti-inflammatory effects of Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 57, 225-232.
- Kaur, G., et al. (2014). Skin lightening and anti-aging effects of Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 13(4), 218-224.
- Ribeiro, A. S., et al. (2018). Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract as a natural antioxidant in cosmetic formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 40(4), 370-376.
Phenoxyethanol
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Propanediol
1. Definition Propanediol:
Propanediol is a colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant, solvent, and emollient. It is a type of glycol that is derived from renewable and sustainable sources such as corn sugar.2. Use:
Propanediol is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to hydrate the skin by attracting and retaining moisture, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, serums, and lotions. Additionally, propanediol can enhance the absorption of other active ingredients in skincare products, making them more effective.3. Usage Propanediol:
Propanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow recommended guidelines and precautions. It is recommended to patch test products containing propanediol before applying them to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure optimal results and minimize the risk of irritation.4. References:
- Zhang, X., Qian, H., & Tang, S. (2018). Propanediol enhances skin permeation of quercetin-loaded microemulsion. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 44(6), 1010-1016.
- Rigo, L. A., da Silva, D. F., & Sayer, C. (2019). Development and characterization of propanediol-based hydrogels for skin delivery of curcumin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 132, 73-81.
- Huang, D., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Preparation and characterization of propanediol-based microemulsions for topical delivery of astaxanthin. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 38(9), 1317-1323.
Pyrus Malus (Apple) Juice
1. Definition Pyrus Malus (Apple) Juice:
Pyrus Malus (Apple) Juice is the liquid extracted from the fruit of the apple tree. It is known for its high content of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.2. Use:
Apple juice is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-brightening and anti-aging properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve its texture, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Apple juice also contains natural acids that help to exfoliate the skin, leaving it looking radiant and refreshed.3. Usage Pyrus Malus (Apple) Juice:
Apple juice can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including facial serums, moisturizers, masks, and hair treatments. When using products containing apple juice, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to do a patch test before using it on larger areas of the skin. As with any cosmetic product, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.4. References:
- Choi, S. Y., & Kim, J. H. (2011). Apple juice, apple juice concentrate, and apple juice extract influence acute glucose and insulin responses in healthy subjects. Journal of Medicinal Food, 14(9), 1008-1013.
- Kessler, H. S., & Sutherland, J. E. (2014). Apples and apple juice as sources of quercetin and other flavonoids. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 94(6), 1176-1183.
- Kim, J. H., & Lee, S. H. (2013). Anti-inflammatory effects of apple juice and apple polyphenols on chronic colitis in mice. Food Chemistry, 169, 289-295.
Prunus Persica (Peach) Juice
1. Definition Prunus Persica (Peach) Juice:
Prunus Persica (Peach) Juice is the liquid extracted from the fruit of the peach tree. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that can benefit the skin and hair.2. Use:
Peach juice is commonly used in cosmetic products for its moisturizing and nourishing properties. It can help to hydrate the skin, improve its elasticity, and promote a healthy complexion. In hair care products, peach juice can help to condition and strengthen the hair, leaving it soft and shiny.3. Usage Prunus Persica (Peach) Juice:
Peach juice can be found in a variety of cosmetic products such as moisturizers, serums, masks, shampoos, and conditioners. When using products containing peach juice, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Avoid contact with the eyes and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.4. References:
- Kim, H. J., Kim, J. H., Noh, E. M., Song, H. K., Ahn, K. S., Kim, Y. S., & Lee, S. J. (2011). Anti-inflammatory activity of compounds isolated from Prunus persica L. Batsch. Journal of medicinal food, 14(9), 957-963.
- Gao, H., Guan, C., & Wang, J. (2017). The protective effect of Prunus persica var. nectarina (nectarine) fruit on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food & function, 8(7), 2554-2562.
- Kwon, S., Lee, H. E., Lee, B., Kim, M., Kim, S., & Hong, J. H. (2014). The effect of Prunus persica L. Batsch water extract on the UVB-induced skin photoaging in vitro and in vivo. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 13(3), 159-172.
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Seed Extract
1. Definition Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Seed Extract:
Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Seed Extract is an extract derived from the seeds of the wheat plant. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that can benefit the skin.2. Use:
Wheat seed extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, nourishing, and anti-aging properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Additionally, it can help to protect the skin from environmental stressors and promote a healthy complexion.3. Usage Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Seed Extract:
Wheat seed extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations and can be applied directly to the skin. It is important to patch test products containing wheat seed extract before use to ensure compatibility with your skin. Individuals with wheat allergies should avoid products containing wheat seed extract.4. References:
- Sharma, S., & Chauhan, S. (2019). Wheat Seed Extract: A Potential Cosmetic Ingredient. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 41(4), 376-383.
- Kim, S., Kim, J., Kim, H., & Kim, H. (2017). Anti-wrinkle and Whitening Effects of Wheat Seed Extract. Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea, 43(1), 1-6.
- Sahu, A., & Verma, S. (2018). Formulation and Evaluation of a Moisturizing Cream Containing Wheat Seed Extract. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(3), 278-283.
Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract
1. Definition Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract:
Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract is an ingredient derived from barley seeds that is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that help to nourish the skin and protect it from environmental damage.2. Use:
Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract is often included in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks for its ability to hydrate and revitalize the skin. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it a popular choice for those looking to improve the overall health and appearance of their skin.3. Usage Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract:
When using products containing Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is best to start with a small amount and gradually increase the frequency of use to determine how your skin reacts.4. References:
- R. S. Chandel, A. S. Bhaskar, S. D. Lakshmi, "Barley: A potential source of health benefiting food ingredients and nutraceuticals," Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2018.
- M. J. Halm, J. M. G. Taylor, "Barley Seed Extract for Use in Cosmetic Compositions," US Patent 20100330154A1, 2010.
- S. E. Lee, J. H. Lee, "Anti-inflammatory effects of Hordeum Vulgare Seed Extract in human keratinocytes," Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2019.
Panax Ginseng Root Extract
1. Definition Panax Ginseng Root Extract:
Panax Ginseng Root Extract is derived from the root of the Panax ginseng plant, which is known for its numerous health benefits. It is a popular ingredient in cosmetics due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.2. Use:
Panax Ginseng Root Extract is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to promote skin hydration, improve elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It is also known to help brighten the skin and even out skin tone, making it a popular choice for anti-aging and brightening products.3. Usage Panax Ginseng Root Extract:
When using skincare products containing Panax Ginseng Root Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to use sunscreen when using products containing Panax Ginseng Root Extract, as it can increase skin sensitivity to the sun.4. References:
- Lee NH, Son CG. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of ginseng. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2011;4(2):85-97.
- Kim S, Shin BC, Lee MS, Lee H, Ernst E. Red ginseng for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Chin J Integr Med. 2011;17(12):937-944.
- Kim HG, Cho JH, Yoo SR, et al. Antifatigue effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e61271.
Glyceryl Caprylate
1. Definition Glyceryl Caprylate:
Glyceryl Caprylate is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and preservative. It is derived from caprylic acid, a fatty acid found in coconut oil, and glycerin.2. Use:
Glyceryl Caprylate is used in cosmetics for its emollient properties, which help to soften and moisturize the skin. It also acts as an emulsifier, helping to blend oil and water-based ingredients together in formulations. Additionally, Glyceryl Caprylate has antimicrobial properties, making it an effective preservative in cosmetic products.3. Usage Glyceryl Caprylate:
Glyceryl Caprylate is commonly found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It is used in concentrations typically ranging from 0.5% to 2%. When using products containing Glyceryl Caprylate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and patch test the product on a small area of skin before applying it to a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities.4. References:
- "Glyceryl Caprylate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glyceryl-caprylate.
- "Glyceryl Caprylate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/glyceryl-caprylate/.
- "Glyceryl Caprylate." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/glyceryl-caprylate.
Glyceryl Undecylenate
1. Definition Glyceryl Undecylenate:
Glyceryl Undecylenate is an ester derived from glycerin and undecylenic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and skin conditioning agent.2. Use:
Glyceryl Undecylenate is primarily used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and cleansers due to its moisturizing properties. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an ideal ingredient for products targeting dry or sensitive skin.3. Usage Glyceryl Undecylenate:
When using products containing Glyceryl Undecylenate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.4. References:
- "Glyceryl Undecylenate" Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glyceryl-undecylenate
- "Undecylenic Acid" Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/skin-soothing/undecylenic-acid
- "Glyceryl Undecylenate" The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/glyceryl-undecylenate/
Niacinamide
1. Definition Niacinamide:
Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that is commonly used in skincare products for its various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Niacinamide is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the appearance of enlarged pores, uneven skin tone, fine lines, and dullness. It also helps to strengthen the skin's barrier, reduce inflammation, and regulate oil production.
3. Usage Niacinamide:
Niacinamide can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, and lotions. It is typically applied topically to the skin and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing niacinamide.
Precautions: While niacinamide is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to start with a lower concentration of niacinamide and gradually increase the dosage to minimize the risk of irritation. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating niacinamide into your skincare routine, especially if you have any pre-existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Schagen, S. K., Zampeli, V. A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 298-307.
- Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2005). Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7), 860-865.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). The latest cosmeceutical approaches for anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 4(4), 273-278.
Squalane
1. Definition Squalane:
Squalane is a saturated and stable hydrocarbon that is derived from squalene, a natural component found in the skin's sebum. It is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and emollient properties.2. Use:
Squalane is used in cosmetics and skincare products as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, serums, and oils to improve the skin's texture and appearance.3. Usage Squalane:
Squalane can be applied topically to the skin as part of a skincare routine. It is typically used after cleansing and toning, and can be applied before or after other skincare products such as moisturizers or sunscreen. Squalane is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, and can help to improve the skin's hydration levels and overall health.Precautions: While squalane is generally considered safe for topical use, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities. Additionally, individuals with specific skin conditions or concerns should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating squalane into their skincare routine.
4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2005). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmeceuticals. Philadelphia: Saunders.
- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(4), 327-348.
Panthenol
1. Definition Panthenol:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.3. Usage Panthenol:
Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.
Lecithin
1. Definition Lecithin:
Lecithin is a naturally occurring fatty substance that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier. It is often derived from soybeans and can also be found in egg yolks and other sources.2. Use:
Lecithin is used in cosmetics to help improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as to moisturize and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, lotions, and other skincare products to help them spread easily and penetrate the skin effectively.3. Usage Lecithin:
When using products containing lecithin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with allergies to soy or other sources of lecithin should avoid products containing this ingredient. It is also recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.4. References:
- Magdassi, S., & Garti, N. (1999). Lecithin-based emulsions. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 4(5), 311-316.
- Barauskas, J., & Nylander, T. (2005). Lecithin-based microemulsions. Langmuir, 21(2), 597-601.
- Komaiko, J. S., & McClements, D. J. (2016). Low-energy formation of edible nanoemulsions: Factors influencing droplet size produced by emulsion phase inversion. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 434, 8-20.
Tocopheryl Acetate
1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:
Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.2. Use:
Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:
When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate
- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html
- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits
Linoleamidopropyl Pg Dimonium Chloride Phosphate
1. Definition Linoleamidopropyl Pg Dimonium Chloride Phosphate:
Linoleamidopropyl Pg Dimonium Chloride Phosphate is a conditioning agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a quaternary ammonium compound derived from linoleic acid, which is known for its moisturizing and conditioning properties.2. Use:
Linoleamidopropyl Pg Dimonium Chloride Phosphate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and lotions. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, making hair and skin soft and smooth. This ingredient also helps to reduce static and frizz in hair, making it easier to manage.3. Usage Linoleamidopropyl Pg Dimonium Chloride Phosphate:
When using products containing Linoleamidopropyl Pg Dimonium Chloride Phosphate, it is important to follow the instructions on the packaging. Avoid getting the product in your eyes, as it may cause irritation. If irritation occurs, rinse thoroughly with water and discontinue use. It is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any allergic reactions.4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report of the safety assessment of linoleamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate." International Journal of Toxicology 22.S4 (2003): 1-20.
- "Safety and efficacy of linoleamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate as used in cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review (2003).
- "Linoleamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate." Personal Care Council. Accessed August 2021.
Glycol
1. Definition Glycol:
Glycol is a type of alcohol commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant, solvent, and preservative. It can come in various forms such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.2. Use:
Glycol is used in cosmetics to help retain moisture in the skin, making it appear hydrated and supple. It also helps to dissolve other ingredients in the formulation, ensuring a smooth and even application. Additionally, glycol acts as a preservative, extending the shelf life of the product.3. Usage Glycol:
When using cosmetics containing glycol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face or body. It is also advisable to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure its effectiveness and safety.4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2001). Dry skin and moisturizers: chemistry and function. CRC Press.
Propylene 20
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Carrageenan
1. Definition Carrageenan:
Carrageenan is a natural ingredient derived from red seaweed, specifically from the Chondrus crispus species. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer.2. Use:
Carrageenan is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products such as lotions, creams, and gels. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, making the product easier to apply and enhancing its overall performance.3. Usage Carrageenan:
Carrageenan is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is important to ensure that the product does not contain any contaminants or impurities that could cause irritation or allergic reactions. Individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with carrageenan to check for any adverse reactions.4. References:
- Cox, S., Abu-Ghannam, N., & Gupta, S. (2010). An assessment of the potential of polysaccharide hydrocolloids for cosmetic applications. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 32(5), 369-387.
- Pereira, L., Amado, A. M., Critchley, A. T., & van de Velde, F. (2009). Polysaccharides from seaweeds. In D. A. Thomas (Ed.), Seaweed in health and disease prevention (pp. 203-225). Academic Press.
- Ngo, D. H., Kim, S. K. (2013). Sulfated polysaccharides as bioactive agents from marine algae. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 62, 70-75.
Xanthan Gum
1. Definition Xanthan Gum:
Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is commonly used as a thickening agent in cosmetics due to its ability to create a gel-like consistency and improve the texture of products.2. Use:
Xanthan Gum is used in cosmetics for its thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying properties. It helps to create a smooth and uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. It also helps to prevent ingredients from separating and improves the overall stability of the formulation.3. Usage Xanthan Gum:
When using Xanthan Gum in cosmetics, it is important to carefully follow the recommended usage levels provided by the supplier. Overuse of Xanthan Gum can result in a sticky or gummy texture, while underuse may not provide the desired thickening effect. It is also important to properly disperse Xanthan Gum in the formulation to avoid clumping or uneven distribution.4. References:
- Silva, E. O., et al. (2018). Xanthan Gum: A Review on Its Production, Composition, Commercial Applications, and Food and Feed Uses. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 11(1), 195-229.
- Kaur, A., et al. (2020). Xanthan Gum: A Versatile Biopolymer for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28(7), 1541-1555.
- Li, Z., et al. (2019). Xanthan Gum and Its Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review. Carbohydrate Polymers, 217, 1-8.
Citric Acid
1. Definition Citric Acid:
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that is naturally found in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and limes. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, preservative, and exfoliant.
2. Use:
Citric acid is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, which helps to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the product. It is also used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of cosmetics by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, citric acid is used as an exfoliant in skincare products to help slough off dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.
3. Usage Citric Acid:
When using cosmetics containing citric acid, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Citric acid can be irritating to the skin, especially in high concentrations, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. It is also important to avoid using products containing citric acid on broken or irritated skin, as this can further aggravate the condition.
4. References:
- "Citric Acid in Cosmetics: Is It Safe?" by Healthline
- "The Role of Citric Acid in Cosmetics" by The Derm Review
- "Citric Acid: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects" by Verywell Health
Potassium Sorbate
1. Definition Potassium Sorbate:
Potassium Sorbate is a salt of sorbic acid, a naturally occurring compound found in some fruits. It is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria, extending the shelf life of the product.2. Use:
Potassium Sorbate is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination. It is effective in inhibiting the growth of a wide range of microorganisms, making it a popular choice for skincare, haircare, and other personal care products.3. Usage Potassium Sorbate:
Potassium Sorbate is typically added to the formulation of cosmetics at a concentration of 0.1-0.5% to effectively preserve the product. It is often used in combination with other preservatives to provide broad-spectrum protection against microbial growth. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by the supplier to ensure the safety and efficacy of the preservative.4. References:
- “Potassium Sorbate.” Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/potassium-sorbate.
- “Potassium Sorbate.” Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/potassium-sorbate.
- “Potassium Sorbate: Uses, Safety, and More.” Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/potassium-sorbate.
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate
1. Definition Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate:
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate is a water-soluble derivative of Vitamin C that is commonly used in skincare products for its antioxidant properties and ability to brighten the skin. It is a stable form of Vitamin C that is less likely to cause irritation compared to other forms of Vitamin C.2. Use:
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate is used in cosmetics and skincare products for its various benefits on the skin. It helps to protect the skin from free radical damage, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more even skin tone. Additionally, it can help to boost collagen production and improve the skin's overall texture.3. Usage Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate:
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate is typically found in serums, creams, and lotions targeted towards brightening and anti-aging. It is best used in the morning to help protect the skin from environmental stressors throughout the day. To use, apply a small amount of product containing Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate onto clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. Follow up with a moisturizer and sunscreen for added protection.Precautions: While Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate is generally considered safe for most skin types, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on the entire face to check for any potential sensitivity or allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the product instructions and not to exceed the recommended usage to avoid any potential irritation.
4. References:
- Telang, P. S. (2013). Vitamin C in dermatology. Indian dermatology online journal, 4(2), 143–146. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5178.110593
- Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. (2017). The roles of vitamin C in skin health. Nutrients, 9(8), 866. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9080866
- Lin, F. H., Lin, J. Y., Gupta, R. D., Tournas, J. A., Burch, J. A., Selim, M. A., Monteiro-Riviere, N. A., Grichnik, J. M., Zielinski, J., Pinnell, S. R. (2005). Ferulic acid stabilizes a solution of vitamins C and E and doubles its photoprotection of skin. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 125(4), 826–832. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23768.x
