Chrysanthemum

1. Definition Chrysanthemum:

Chrysanthemum, also known as Chrysanthemum indicum or Ju Hua in traditional Chinese medicine, is a flowering plant that has been used for centuries in skincare and cosmetic products. The extract from the flower is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and soothing properties.

2. Use:

Chrysanthemum extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to calm and soothe the skin, reduce redness and irritation, and provide anti-aging benefits. It is often found in products such as moisturizers, serums, masks, and toners.

3. Usage Chrysanthemum:

When using cosmetics containing Chrysanthemum extract, it is important to patch test the product on a small area of skin before applying it to the entire face to ensure that you do not have an allergic reaction. It is also recommended to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using Chrysanthemum extract on your skin.

4. References:

- Kim, Y. J., Uyama, H., & Kobayashi, S. (2005). Inhibition of melanin synthesis by chrysanthemum extract. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 69(9), 1787-1789.

- Li, C., Li, X., Han, L., & Zhang, J. (2014). Chrysanthemum indicum extract inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through inhibition of the NFκB pathway in HMC-1 human mast cells. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 153(3), 754-762.

- Park, J. H., Lee, J. Y., Park, E. K., Kim, D. H., Ko, G., & Kim, H. S. (2018). Chrysanthemum indicum Linné extract inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing NF-κB and MAPKs activation in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 28(11), 1823-1831.