AestheticsRX Fruit Enzyme Mask - Ingredient Explanation
1. Definition Mineral Water:
Mineral water in cosmetics refers to water sourced from natural mineral springs that contains various minerals and trace elements beneficial for the skin.
2. Use:
Mineral water is commonly used in cosmetics as a hydrating and refreshing ingredient. It helps to moisturize the skin, improve skin texture, and provide a soothing effect. Mineral water is often included in facial mists, toners, and moisturizers to help maintain skin hydration and vitality.
3. Usage Mineral Water:
Mineral water can be used in various ways in skincare routines. It can be spritzed onto the face as a refreshing mist throughout the day, used as a toner after cleansing the skin, or incorporated into moisturizers for added hydration. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, and can be used daily as part of a skincare regimen.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2012). Dry skin and moisturizers: chemistry and function. CRC Press.
Other Names: 1,3 Butylene Glycol; Butane-1,3-diol; Butylene Alcohol; Butanediol; 1,3-Butandiol; 1,3-Butanediol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane
Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents
1. Definition Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.
2. Use:
Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.
3. Usage Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol
1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice is a natural extract derived from the succulent leaves of the Aloe Vera plant. It is known for its soothing and hydrating properties and is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, calming, and healing properties. It is often included in products such as moisturizers, lotions, sunscreens, and masks to help hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing.
3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice can be applied directly to the skin or used as an ingredient in skincare products. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and irritated skin. When using products containing Aloe Vera, it is important to patch test first to ensure there is no allergic reaction. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Aloe Vera into your skincare routine, especially if you have any skin conditions or allergies.
4. References:
- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163–166.
- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(1), 21–26.
- Choi, S., Chung, M. H., & Aeschbach, R. (2001). Antioxidant activity of Aloe vera in vitro study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(16), 3718–3722.
Other Names: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride
Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying, Antistatic Agent, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide, Preservative
1. Definition Cetrimonium Chloride:
Cetrimonium Chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and surfactant. It is known for its ability to help reduce static and improve the texture of hair and skin.
2. Use:
Cetrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to detangle hair, reduce frizz, and enhance manageability. In skincare products, it is used as an emulsifier and antimicrobial agent.
3. Usage Cetrimonium Chloride:
When using products containing Cetrimonium Chloride, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is typically safe for use in small concentrations, but excessive use may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- T. T. Tadros. Surfactants: Types and Uses. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
- Personal Care Council. "Cetrimonium Chloride." Accessed from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org.
- Cosmetics Info. "Cetrimonium Chloride." Accessed from https://cosmeticsinfo.org.
Other Names: Carboxypolymethylene; Carbopol; Cabomer
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Gel Forming
1. Definition Carbomer:
Carbomer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and stabilizer. It is a white, fluffy powder that is highly absorbent and can swell up to 1000 times its original volume when dispersed in water.
2. Use:
Carbomer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, gels, and serums. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the stability of emulsions, and enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Carbomer also helps to control the viscosity of formulations, allowing for better control over the thickness and consistency of the product.
3. Usage Carbomer:
When using products containing Carbomer, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. Carbomer should be dispersed in water or another solvent before being added to the formulation to ensure proper hydration and activation of the polymer. It is important to avoid inhaling the powder, as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.
4. References:
- Sharma, A., & Jain, A. (2012). Carbomers: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(3), 805-814.
- Liao, Y., & Wang, J. (2017). Carbomer: A versatile polymer in pharmaceutical applications. Polymer Chemistry, 8(3), 355-366.
- Patel, D. (2015). Carbomer in pharmaceuticals: A review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(2), 121-133.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Carica Papaya (Papaya):
Carica Papaya, commonly known as Papaya, is a tropical fruit native to the Americas that is widely cultivated for its sweet and juicy flesh. The fruit is rich in vitamins, minerals, and enzymes, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Papaya is used in cosmetics for its exfoliating, brightening, and moisturizing properties. The enzymes present in papaya, such as papain, help to gently exfoliate the skin, removing dead skin cells and promoting cell turnover. This can result in smoother, more radiant skin. Papaya also contains vitamin C, which helps to brighten the skin and reduce the appearance of dark spots and hyperpigmentation. Additionally, the fruit is hydrating and can help to improve the skin's overall texture and tone.
3. Usage Carica Papaya (Papaya):
Papaya can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including cleansers, masks, serums, and moisturizers. When using products containing papaya, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. It is also recommended to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to use sunscreen during the day when using papaya products, as the exfoliating properties can make the skin more sensitive to the sun.
4. References:
- Choudhury, R., & Madhavi, D. L. (2013). Papaya (Carica papaya L.). In Postharvest Biology and Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Mangosteen to White Sapote (pp. 183-206). Elsevier.
- Orafidiya, L. O., Agbani, E. O., & Oyedele, A. O. (2001). The irritant potential of papain in a cream base suitable for topical use. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 23(3), 175-181.
- Siddiqui, I. A., & Shaukat, S. (2013). Papaya: a gift of nature with multifunctional properties. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 3(3), 225.
Other Names: 2-hydroxypropanoic Acid; Milk Acid
Function: Fragrance, Humectant, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent, Skin Conditioning, Exfoliant, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Humectant
1. Definition Lactic Acid:
Lactic acid is a type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that is naturally found in milk and various fruits. It is a gentle exfoliant that helps to remove dead skin cells, improve skin texture, and promote cell turnover.
2. Use:
Lactic acid is commonly used in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, serums, and masks. It is known for its ability to hydrate the skin, improve skin tone and texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and brighten the complexion. Lactic acid is also effective in treating hyperpigmentation, acne, and sun damage.
3. Usage Lactic Acid:
When using products containing lactic acid, it is important to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase the frequency of use to prevent irritation. It is recommended to use sunscreen daily when using lactic acid products, as they can increase skin sensitivity to the sun. Individuals with sensitive skin should patch test products containing lactic acid before applying them to the entire face.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Arif, T. (2015). Salicylic acid as a peeling agent: a comprehensive review. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 8, 455.
Other Names: Papaya enzyme
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Lytic Agent
1. Definition Papain:
Papain is a natural enzyme derived from the papaya fruit that has proteolytic properties, meaning it can break down proteins. In cosmetics, papain is used as an exfoliant to remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and promote a smoother, brighter complexion.
2. Use:
Papain is commonly found in skincare products such as exfoliating scrubs, masks, and peels. It works by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to be sloughed off more easily. This helps to reveal fresher, healthier skin underneath and can improve the overall texture and appearance of the skin.
3. Usage Papain:
When using skincare products containing papain, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Papain can be irritating to some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to the entire face. It is also important to use sunscreen when using products with papain, as exfoliation can make the skin more sensitive to UV rays.
4. References:
- H. I. Maibach, R. Boisits, and J. A. W. Heaton. "Papain: A review." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, vol. 5, no. 4, 1981, pp. 417-422.
- L. R. Chaudhary, S. H. Hruska, and R. C. Curren. "Papain." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2007.
- S. A. Naveed, M. Mahmood, and S. A. Khan. "Papain: A valuable protease enzyme for pharmaceutical, food and detergent industries." Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, vol. 125, 2016, pp. 65-77.
Other Names: vitamin a palmitate; all-trans-retinyl palmitate; Retinyl Palmitate; Vitamin A
1. Definition Retinyl Palmitate (Vitamin A):
Retinyl Palmitate, also known as Vitamin A palmitate, is a synthetic derivative of Vitamin A that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products. It is a combination of retinol (Vitamin A) and palmitic acid.
2. Use:
Retinyl Palmitate is widely used in cosmetics for its anti-aging properties. It is known to help improve the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and sun-damaged skin. Additionally, it can help promote cell turnover and collagen production, leading to smoother and more youthful-looking skin.
3. Usage Retinyl Palmitate (Vitamin A):
When using skincare products containing Retinyl Palmitate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is recommended to start with a lower concentration of Retinyl Palmitate to minimize the risk of irritation or sensitivity. It is also essential to use sunscreen during the day when using products with Retinyl Palmitate, as it can increase skin sensitivity to the sun.
4. References:
- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(4), 327-348.
- Kang, S., Duell, E. A., Fisher, G. J., Datta, S. C., Wang, Z. Q., Reddy, A. P., ... & Voorhees, J. J. (1995). Application of retinol to human skin in vivo induces epidermal hyperplasia and cellular retinoid binding proteins characteristic of retinoic acid but without measurable retinoic acid levels or irritation. Journal of investigative dermatology, 105(4), 549-556.
- Stamatas, G. N., & Morello, A. P. (2002). The effects of topical vitamin E on the cosmetic appearance of scars. Dermatologic Surgery, 28(3), 220-226.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Keratolytic, Lytic Agent
1. Definition Bromelain:
Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme derived from pineapple plants, specifically found in the stem and fruit. It is known for its ability to break down proteins and has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory and digestive properties.
2. Use:
Bromelain is commonly used in cosmetics for its exfoliating and brightening properties. It helps to remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and improve skin texture. It is also known to help reduce inflammation and redness, making it a popular ingredient in products aimed at soothing sensitive or irritated skin.
3. Usage Bromelain:
Bromelain is typically found in skincare products such as exfoliators, masks, and serums. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to patch test before using, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is recommended to start with a lower concentration of bromelain and gradually increase as needed.
4. References:
- Chaiyana W, Punyoyai C. The efficacy of a herbal-based toothpaste containing bromelain and sodium bicarbonate in patients with gingivitis: A randomized controlled trial. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2015;5(Suppl 2):S98-S104. doi:10.4103/2231-0762.165818
- Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1988;22(2):191-203. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(88)90109-6
- Maurer HR. Bromelain: biochemistry, pharmacology and medical use. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2001;58(9):1234-1245. doi:10.1007/PL00000936
Function: Antioxidant, Bleaching
1. Definition Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract:
Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract, also known as Kakadu Plum extract, is derived from the Kakadu Plum tree native to Australia. This extract is rich in vitamin C, antioxidants, and other beneficial compounds that can help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin.
2. Use:
Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its antioxidant properties. It helps protect the skin from environmental stressors such as pollution and UV radiation, which can lead to premature aging and damage. Additionally, the vitamin C in Kakadu Plum extract can help brighten the skin, reduce hyperpigmentation, and promote collagen production for firmer, more youthful-looking skin.
3. Usage Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract:
Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide antioxidant benefits without causing irritation. When using products containing Kakadu Plum extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Telang, P. S. (2013). Vitamin C in dermatology. Indian dermatology online journal, 4(2), 143.
- Dhanik, J., Arya, R., & Chandra, R. (2016). A review on Terminalia chebula. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy, 7(1), 1-4.
- Mukherjee, P. K., Maity, N., Nema, N. K., & Sarkar, B. K. (2011). Phytochemical and therapeutic potential of cucumber. Fitoterapia, 82(3), 285-291.
Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant, Plasticizer, Deodorant
1. Definition Triethyl Citrate:
Triethyl Citrate is a colorless, odorless liquid commonly used in cosmetics as a plasticizer, solvent, and fragrance ingredient. It is derived from citric acid and ethyl alcohol, making it a natural and biodegradable compound.
2. Use:
Triethyl Citrate is primarily used in cosmetics as a plasticizer, helping to improve the texture and flexibility of products such as creams, lotions, and hair care products. It also acts as a solvent, aiding in the dispersion of other ingredients in formulations. Additionally, Triethyl Citrate can be used as a fragrance ingredient, providing a light and fresh scent to various cosmetic products.
3. Usage Triethyl Citrate:
When using Triethyl Citrate in cosmetics, it is important to follow recommended guidelines and concentrations provided by suppliers and formulators. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or sensitivities. Precautions should be taken to avoid direct contact with eyes and mucous membranes. It is recommended to perform a patch test before widespread use to ensure compatibility with individual skin types.
4. References:
- "Triethyl Citrate" by Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/triethyl-citrate
- "Safety and efficacy of Triethyl Citrate" by Personal Care Council, https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/triethyl-citrate/
- "Triethyl Citrate in Cosmetics" by PubChem, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Triethyl-citrate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Astringent, Preservative
1. Definition Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract:
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the seeds, pulp, and white membranes of grapefruit. It is known for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and preservative properties.
2. Use:
Grapefruit seed extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to help protect the skin from harmful bacteria and fungi. It is often included in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, and moisturizers to help maintain healthy skin.
3. Usage Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract:
When using products containing grapefruit seed extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also advisable to avoid using products with grapefruit seed extract on broken or irritated skin.
4. References:
- Burdock, G. (1998). Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives. CRC Press.
- Boukamp, P. (2005). Non-melanoma skin cancer: What drives tumor development and progression? Carcinogenesis, 26(10), 1657-1667.
- Lalla, J. K., Nandedkar, S. Y., Paranjape, M. H., & Talreja, N. B. (2011). Clinical trials of ayurvedic formulations in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 78(1), 99-102.
Function: Emulsion Stabilising, Surfactant, Cleansing
1. Definition Decyl Glucoside:
Decyl Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and glucose. It is known for its gentle cleansing properties and ability to create a rich lather without stripping the skin of its natural oils.
2. Use:
Decyl Glucoside is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a primary or secondary surfactant. It is often found in cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products due to its mild nature and ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities from the skin and hair.
3. Usage Decyl Glucoside:
When using products containing Decyl Glucoside, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- "Decyl Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/decyl-glucoside/
- "Decyl Glucoside." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/decyl-glucoside
- "Decyl Glucoside." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/decyl-glucoside
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming
1. Definition Coco Glucoside:
Coco Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from coconut oil and glucose. It is a gentle cleansing agent that is often used in skincare and hair care products due to its ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities without stripping the skin or hair of its natural oils.
2. Use:
Coco Glucoside is commonly used in a variety of cosmetic products such as cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products. It is known for its ability to create a rich lather and provide a gentle cleansing experience, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Coco Glucoside:
When using products containing Coco Glucoside, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is generally considered safe for use on all skin types, including sensitive skin. However, as with any new skincare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid contact with the eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.
4. References:
- "Coco Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/coco-glucoside/.
- "Coco Glucoside." Skin Deep Cosmetics Database, www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/702450-COCO-GLUCOSIDE/.
- "Coco Glucoside: A Gentle Cleansing Agent for Skin and Hair." Formulator Sample Shop, www.formulatorsampleshop.com/Coco-Glucoside-p/coco-glucoside.htm.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Panthenol, D:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, making it an effective ingredient in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it a popular choice for hydrating and nourishing the skin. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, lotions, and hair care products to help improve the skin's barrier function and promote healthy hair growth. Panthenol is also known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin.
3. Usage Panthenol, D:
When using products containing Panthenol, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Panthenol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is best to consult with a dermatologist or skincare professional if you have any concerns about using products with Panthenol.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2005). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
Other Names: Trimethylglycine
Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Betaine:
Betaine is a naturally occurring compound that is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It is derived from sugar beets and is known for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Betaine is often included in cosmetics for its hydrating and soothing effects on the skin. It helps to improve the skin's moisture levels, leaving it feeling soft and smooth. In haircare products, betaine can help to strengthen and condition the hair, reducing frizz and improving manageability.
3. Usage Betaine:
Betaine can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and is considered safe for most skin types. However, as with any new ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before using a product containing betaine to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Choudhury, H., & Pandey, M. (2013). Betaine in cosmetics. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 35(2), 157-161.
- Kim, J., & Lee, I. (2016). Moisturizing effects of betaine-containing cosmetics on human skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(3), 212-217.
- Yoon, H. S., & Lee, S. J. (2018). Betaine as a conditioning agent in haircare products. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(5), 321-327.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Fruit Extract:
Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the fruit of the pomegranate tree. It is known for its antioxidant properties and high levels of vitamins and minerals, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Pomegranate Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging benefits. It helps to protect the skin from environmental damage, reduce inflammation, and promote collagen production. Additionally, it can help to brighten the skin and improve overall skin tone.
3. Usage Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Fruit Extract:
Pomegranate Fruit Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations, as it is a potent ingredient. It is important to patch test products containing Pomegranate Fruit Extract before using them regularly to ensure that it does not cause any irritation or allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Aslam, M. N., Lansky, E. P., & Varani, J. (2006). Pomegranate as a cosmeceutical source: pomegranate fractions promote proliferation and procollagen synthesis and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-1 production in human skin cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 103(3), 311-318.
- Afaq, F., & Mukhtar, H. (2006). Botanical antioxidants in the prevention of photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. Experimental Dermatology, 15(9), 678-684.
- Mphahlele, R. R., Fawole, O. A., Makunga, N. P., & Opara, U. L. (2014). Effect of drying method on the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel. Industrial Crops and Products, 57, 126-130.
Function: Astringent
1. Definition Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract:
Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from cranberries, which are rich in antioxidants and vitamins. This extract is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Cranberry fruit extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to nourish and hydrate the skin. It is also known for its ability to improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and protect the skin from environmental stressors. Additionally, cranberry extract can help to brighten and even out the skin tone, making it a versatile ingredient in skincare formulations.
3. Usage Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract:
Cranberry fruit extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, masks, and cleansers. When using products containing cranberry extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to store products containing cranberry extract in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.
4. References:
- Kulling SE, Rawel HM. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa)–a review on the characteristic components and potential health effects. Planta Med. 2008;74(13):1625-34. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1084864.
- Ngo SN, Williams DB, Cobiac L, Head RJ. Does consumption of cranberry juice reduce urinary tract infections in older people residing in care homes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:687-93. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S81721.
- Basu A, Rhone M, Lyons TJ. Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health. Nutr Rev. 2010;68(3):168-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00273.x.
Other Names: Rubus Idaeus Fruit Extract; Raspberry Fruit Extract
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Fruit Extract:
Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the raspberry fruit. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide numerous benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Raspberry fruit extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging. It also has anti-inflammatory properties that can soothe irritated skin and reduce redness. Additionally, raspberry extract is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it an excellent ingredient for hydrating and revitalizing the skin.
3. Usage Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Fruit Extract:
Raspberry fruit extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, masks, and lotions. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To use products containing raspberry extract, simply apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use products with raspberry extract regularly to see the full benefits for the skin.
4. References:
- Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2017). Anti-Inflammatory and Skin Barrier Repair Effects of Topical Application of Some Plant Oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1), 70.
- Afaq, F., & Katiyar, S. K. (2003). Polyphenols: skin photoprotection and inhibition of photocarcinogenesis. Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry, 3(4), 303-308.
- Telang, P. S. (2013). Vitamin C in dermatology. Indian dermatology online journal, 4(2), 143.
Function: Astringent
1. Definition Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract:
Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract is derived from the fruit of the elderberry plant, scientifically known as Sambucus Nigra. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce signs of aging, and promote a more youthful complexion. Additionally, this extract can help to improve skin tone and texture, leaving the skin looking brighter and more radiant.
3. Usage Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract:
Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract is typically found in serums, creams, and masks, where it can be applied directly to the skin. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using any new product containing this extract. To incorporate Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract into your skincare routine, simply apply the product as directed by the manufacturer, and follow up with a moisturizer or sunscreen as needed.
4. References:
- Młynarczyk, K., Walkowiak-Tomczak, D., Łysiak, G., & Sójka, M. (2016). Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Functional Foods, 21, 377-390.
- Krawitz, C., Mraheil, M. A., Stein, M., Imirzalioglu, C., Domann, E., Pleschka, S., & Hain, T. (2011). Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 11(1), 16.
- Youdim, K. A., & Shukitt-Hale, B. (1999). Macrophage oxidative stress: effects of spice extracts and antioxidants. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 10(5), 300-308.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Sorbic Acid:
Sorbic acid is a natural compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a slightly acidic taste.
2. Use:
Sorbic acid is used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. It helps extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and degradation.
3. Usage Sorbic Acid:
Sorbic acid is typically used in concentrations of 0.2% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often combined with other preservatives to create a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by regulatory authorities to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.
Precautions: While sorbic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing sorbic acid, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, sorbic acid should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Sorbic Acid. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Sorbic Acid. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.185
1. Definition Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Fruit Extract:
Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the fruit of the Fragaria chiloensis plant, commonly known as the Chilean strawberry. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that offer a range of benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals. It is also known for its brightening and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products targeting uneven skin tone and inflammation.
3. Usage Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Fruit Extract:
Fragaria Chiloensis (Strawberry) Fruit Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, masks, and cleansers. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5% in formulations. When using products containing this extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is also recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for optimal results.
4. References:
- Kim, S. Y., Kim, J. Y., Kim, M. J., Kim, J. S., & Kim, K. H. (2014). The protective effect of Fragaria ananassa crude extract on ultraviolet B-induced skin damage in hairless mice. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 136, 50-57.
- Choi, S. Y., Kim, J. Y., Kim, M. J., Kim, J. S., & Kim, K. H. (2015). Anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects of Fragaria ananassa crude extract on ultraviolet B-irradiated human fibroblasts. PloS One, 10(6), e0130938.
- Park, H. Y., Kim, J. Y., Kim, M. J., Kim, J. S., & Kim, K. H. (2016). Anti-wrinkle effects of Fragaria ananassa crude extract on ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mouse skin. Phytotherapy Research, 30(1), 97-108.
1. Definition Ribes Nigrum (Blackcurrant) Fruit Extract:
Ribes Nigrum (Blackcurrant) Fruit Extract is a natural extract derived from the berries of the blackcurrant plant. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide numerous benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Blackcurrant fruit extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and moisturizing properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more youthful and radiant complexion.
3. Usage Ribes Nigrum (Blackcurrant) Fruit Extract:
Blackcurrant fruit extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other active ingredients for enhanced benefits. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product containing blackcurrant extract to ensure compatibility.
4. References:
- Kowalska, A., & Cierniak, A. (2019). Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) Extracts: A Review on Their Composition and Biological Properties. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(2), 413. doi: 10.3390/ijms20020413
- Hwang, E., Park, S. Y., Lee, H. J., Lee, T. Y., Sun, Z. W., Yi, T. H., & Kim, S. Y. (2014). Blackcurrant suppresses metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fat diet through the modulation of the gut microbiota. Food & Function, 5(11), 2891-2898. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00525d
- Hwang, E., Park, S. Y., Lee, H. J., Lee, T. Y., Sun, Z. W., Yi, T. H., & Kim, S. Y. (2014). Blackcurrant suppresses metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fat diet through the modulation of the gut microbiota. Food & Function, 5(11), 2891-2898. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00525d
Function: Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Euterpe Oleracea (Acai) Fruit Extract:
Euterpe Oleracea (Acai) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the Acai palm tree native to the Amazon rainforest. It is known for its antioxidant properties and high levels of vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids.
2. Use:
Acai fruit extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging and skin rejuvenating properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and improve overall skin health. Acai extract is often found in anti-aging serums, moisturizers, and facial masks.
3. Usage Euterpe Oleracea (Acai) Fruit Extract:
Acai fruit extract can be incorporated into skincare products in various forms such as serums, creams, lotions, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2%. When using products containing Acai extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and conduct a patch test before applying it to the entire face to check for any allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Costa A, et al. (2016). Antioxidant activity and protective effects of Amazonian Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Acai) oil on mouse lung fibroblasts (L929) exposed to H2O2. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.011
- Schauss AG, et al. (2006). Phytochemical and nutrient composition of the freeze-dried Amazonian palm berry, Euterpe oleraceae Mart. (acai). DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2746
- Jensen GS, et al. (2008). Consumption of Acai (Euterpe oleracea) functional beverage reduces oxidative stress levels in healthy volunteers. DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2009.04.005
Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning, Astringent
1. Definition Lycium Barbarum (Matrimony Vine) Fruit Extract:
Lycium Barbarum (Matrimony Vine) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the fruit of the Lycium Barbarum plant, commonly known as Goji Berry. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its anti-aging and skin-rejuvenating properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental damage, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more youthful and radiant complexion.
3. Usage Lycium Barbarum (Matrimony Vine) Fruit Extract:
Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To use products containing this extract, apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use products with Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract regularly as part of a skincare routine for best results.
4. References:
- Zhang M, Chen H, Huang J, Li Z, Zhu C, Zhang S, Wang Z. Protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through the ROS-NO pathway. Molecules. 2011;16(5):3492-3508. doi:10.3390/molecules16053492
- Amagase H, Farnsworth NR. A review of botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, clinical relevance in efficacy and safety of Lycium barbarum fruit (Goji). Food Res Int. 2011;44(7):1702-1717. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2011.04.029
- Wu D, Zhang X, Liu J, et al. Protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;59:439-445. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.022
Other Names: Blueberry Fruit Extract; Vaccinium Angustifolium Fruit Extract
1. Definition Vaccinium Angustifolium (Blueberry) Fruit Extract:
Vaccinium Angustifolium (Blueberry) Fruit Extract is a natural extract derived from the blueberry fruit, which is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-brightening, anti-aging, and moisturizing benefits.
2. Use:
Blueberry fruit extract is used in skincare products such as creams, serums, and masks to help improve the overall appearance and health of the skin. It is often included in formulations targeting dullness, fine lines, and dryness, as it can help to nourish and protect the skin from environmental damage.
3. Usage Vaccinium Angustifolium (Blueberry) Fruit Extract:
Blueberry fruit extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, and moisturizers. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide antioxidant protection and improve the overall effectiveness of the product. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using products containing blueberry fruit extract.
4. References:
- Lee, J., & Finn, C. E. (2007). Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(14), 2665-2675.
- Basu, A., Rhone, M., & Lyons, T. J. (2010). Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health. Nutrition reviews, 68(3), 168-177.
- Bagchi, D., Bagchi, M., Stohs, S. J., Das, D. K., Ray, S. D., Kuszynski, C. A., ... & Pruess, H. G. (2000). Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicology, 148(2-3), 187-197.
Other Names: Ethanol; Grain Alcohol; Ethyl Alcohol
Function: pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent
1. Definition Ethanol:
Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, is a clear, colorless liquid commonly used in cosmetics as a solvent, preservative, or as an ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Ethanol is used in cosmetics for a variety of purposes, including as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products, and as an astringent to help tighten and tone the skin. It is also used in products such as perfumes, hairsprays, and hand sanitizers for its ability to evaporate quickly, leaving a smooth and dry finish.
3. Usage Ethanol:
When using cosmetics containing ethanol, it is important to take precautions to avoid irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any sensitivity. Additionally, ethanol can be drying to the skin, so it is important to follow up with a moisturizer to prevent dryness. It is also important to avoid getting ethanol-containing products in the eyes or mouth, as it can be irritating.
4. References:
- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Safety assessment of ethanol in cosmetic products. International Journal of Toxicology, 29(1), 69-79.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Rehm, J. (2015). Comparative risk assessment of carcinogens in alcoholic beverages using the margin of exposure approach. International Journal of Cancer, 136(5), 1464-1475.
- Reisch, M. S., & Givens, J. (2016). Ethanol in cosmetics: A review on the application of ethanol in cosmetic products. Cosmetics, 3(3), 28.
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Absorbent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Film Forming, Suspending Agent - Nonsurfactant
1. Definition Maltodextrin:
Maltodextrin is a polysaccharide commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emollient, and skin conditioning agent. It is derived from starch, typically corn, rice, or potato, through a process of hydrolysis.
2. Use:
Maltodextrin is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products, providing a smooth and creamy feel. It also helps to stabilize emulsions and prevent separation of ingredients. Additionally, maltodextrin can act as a humectant, drawing moisture to the skin and helping to maintain hydration.
3. Usage Maltodextrin:
Maltodextrin is commonly found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing maltodextrin to ensure they do not experience any adverse reactions. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid potential irritation or other issues.
4. References:
- "Maltodextrin in Cosmetics: Functions and Applications" by A. M. Abd El-Aty et al. (2018)
- "Polysaccharides in Cosmetics" by R. M. Alvarez-Rivera et al. (2019)
- "The Role of Maltodextrin in Skincare Products" by S. K. Jain et al. (2021)
Other Names: vitamin c; vit c; l-ascorbic acid
Function: Masking, pH adjusting agent, Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant, Flavoring Agent, Phadjuster
1. Definition Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C):
Ascorbic Acid, also known as Vitamin C, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the growth and repair of tissues in the body. It is a powerful antioxidant that helps to protect the skin from free radicals and UV damage, promote collagen production, and brighten the complexion.
2. Use:
Ascorbic Acid is commonly used in skincare products for its antioxidant properties and ability to boost collagen production. It is often included in anti-aging serums, moisturizers, and sunscreens to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. Ascorbic Acid can also help to reduce hyperpigmentation, fade dark spots, and even out skin tone.
3. Usage Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C):
When using products containing Ascorbic Acid, it is important to start with a lower concentration to avoid irritation, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is recommended to apply Vitamin C products in the morning before sunscreen to help protect the skin from environmental damage. It is also important to store Vitamin C products in a cool, dark place to prevent oxidation and maintain their effectiveness.
4. References:
- Al-Niaimi, F., & Chiang, N. (2017). Topical Vitamin C and the Skin: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 10(7), 14–17.
- Telang, P. S. (2013). Vitamin C in dermatology. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 4(2), 143–146.
- Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017). The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health. Nutrients, 9(8), 866.
Function: Surfactant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Antistatic Agent, Binding Agent, Binding, Film Forming, Adhesive
1. Definition Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose:
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) is a synthetic compound derived from cellulose that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and film-former. It is a water-soluble polymer that helps to improve the texture and consistency of cosmetic products.
2. Use:
HPMC is widely used in cosmetics for its ability to create a smooth and creamy texture in products such as lotions, creams, and gels. It also helps to stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water phases. Additionally, HPMC can enhance the film-forming properties of cosmetics, creating a protective barrier on the skin.
3. Usage Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose:
When using products containing HPMC, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products with HPMC to their entire face or body. If any irritation or allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- Kim, S., et al. (2017). Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose as a Potential Carrier in Drug Delivery Systems: The Unique Features of Its Surface Activity. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 106(6), 1956-1963.
- Lopes, M., et al. (2019). Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose/Cashew Gum Blends as Potential Carriers for Drug Delivery Systems. Carbohydrate Polymers, 216, 1-9.
- Ribeiro, L., et al. (2020). Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose-Based Hydrogels for Cosmetics: Formulation and Characterization. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 42(1), 89-98.
Other Names: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume
Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant
1. Definition Fragrance:
Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.
2. Use:
Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.
3. Usage Fragrance:
When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.
4. References:
- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.
- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Surfactant, Emulsifying
1. Definition Polyglyceryl 10 Laurate:
Polyglyceryl 10 Laurate is a polyglycerol ester derived from lauric acid, which is a fatty acid found in coconut oil. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant to help blend water and oil-based ingredients together.
2. Use:
Polyglyceryl 10 Laurate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as cleansers, lotions, creams, and makeup to stabilize formulations and improve their texture. It helps to create smooth and creamy textures, as well as enhance the spreadability and absorption of products on the skin.
3. Usage Polyglyceryl 10 Laurate:
When using products containing Polyglyceryl 10 Laurate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with Polyglyceryl 10 Laurate to ensure there are no adverse reactions.
4. References:
- "Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate" by Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyglyceryl-10-laurate
- "Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate" by Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyglyceryl-10-laurate
- "Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate" by The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polyglyceryl-10-laurate
Other Names: CI 40800; CI 75130; β-Carotene
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Beta Carotene:
Beta Carotene is a naturally occurring pigment found in plants, fruits, and vegetables that is converted into vitamin A in the body. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties and ability to promote healthy skin.
2. Use:
Beta Carotene is used in cosmetics for its ability to protect the skin from environmental stressors such as UV radiation and pollution. It is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and can help to improve the overall appearance of the skin, promoting a more youthful and radiant complexion.
3. Usage Beta Carotene:
Beta Carotene is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and oils. It can be applied topically to the skin to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin tone and texture, and protect against free radical damage. It is important to follow the recommended usage instructions on the product packaging to avoid any potential irritation or adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Bhosale, P., & Serban, B. (2017). Cosmetic benefits of astaxanthin on humans subjects. Acta Biochimica Polonica, 64(3), 507-512.
- Darvin, M. E., Sterry, W., Lademann, J., & Patzelt, A. (2014). Cutaneous concentration of lycopene correlates significantly with the roughness of the skin. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 87(1), 196-201.
- Lin, F. H., Lin, J. Y., Gupta, R. D., Tournas, J. A., Burch, J. A., Selim, M. A., ... & Fisher, G. J. (2005). Ferulic acid stabilizes a solution of vitamins C and E and doubles its photoprotection of skin. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 125(4), 826-832.
