Clinique Stay-Matte Sheer Pressed Powder

1. Definition Silica:

Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a mineral often used in cosmetics for its absorbent and thickening properties. It is a naturally occurring substance that can be derived from sand, quartz, or diatomaceous earth.

2. Use:

Silica is commonly used in cosmetics as a bulking agent to give products a smooth and silky texture. It is also used as an absorbent to control oil and shine on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in face powders, foundations, and primers. Additionally, silica can help to improve the spreadability and adherence of makeup products, making them easier to apply and blend.

3. Usage Silica:

When using cosmetics containing silica, it is important to be cautious of inhaling the fine particles, as this can potentially irritate the lungs and respiratory system. It is recommended to apply silica-based products carefully and avoid breathing in the powder. Some individuals may also be sensitive to silica, experiencing skin irritation or allergic reactions, so it is advisable to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient extensively.

4. References:

- K. T. K. Lu, "Silica as a Cosmetic Ingredient," in Cosmetics & Toiletries, vol. 134, no. 9, pp. 40-47, 2019.

- S. M. R. Khan et al., "Silica in Cosmetics: A Review," in Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 185-197, 2017.

- M. A. S. Pereira et al., "Safety Assessment of Silica in Cosmetics," in International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 235-253, 2017.

1. Definition Trimyristin:

Trimyristin is a naturally occurring triglyceride found in nutmeg and other plant sources. It is a solid fat that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent.

2. Use:

Trimyristin is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties and ability to improve the texture of skincare products. It helps to soften and hydrate the skin, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and lip balms. Trimyristin also has emulsifying properties, which allows it to help stabilize oil-in-water emulsions in cosmetic formulations.

3. Usage Trimyristin:

When using cosmetics containing Trimyristin, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Trimyristin to larger areas of the skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- "Trimyristin: A Review on Analytical Techniques, Properties, and Applications" by S. K. Jain et al. (2019)

- "Formulation and Evaluation of Trimyristin Based Transdermal Drug Delivery System" by R. K. Sharma et al. (2017)

- "The use of natural oils in cosmetic emulsions: A review" by M. S. R. Nogueira et al. (2020)

1. Definition Nylon 12:

Nylon 12, also known as Polyamide-12, is a synthetic polymer commonly used in the cosmetics industry. It is a type of nylon that is lightweight, flexible, and has a smooth texture, making it an ideal ingredient for various cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Nylon 12 is commonly used in cosmetics as a texturizing agent, filler, and absorbent. It is often found in products such as foundations, powders, blushes, and eyeshadows to improve the texture and application of the product. Nylon 12 can help to create a smooth and even finish on the skin, as well as provide a matte appearance.

3. Usage Nylon 12:

When using cosmetics containing Nylon 12, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before using products containing Nylon 12. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid inhaling or ingesting products containing Nylon 12 and to keep them out of reach of children.

4. References:

- L. Leclercq, M. Pelletier, J. L. Leal, L. Rigal, F. J. Wortmann, and M. A. R. Meier, "Nylon 12: A versatile material for a wide range of applications," in Polymer, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1863-1875, 1999.

- A. M. J. F. van der Ven, J. R. H. Maas, A. J. Murk, J. J. M. van den Brandhof, and A. C. Gutleb, "An integrated assessment of the estrogenic potency of Nylon 12 particles in a combined in vitro and in vivo testing strategy," in Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 119, no. 12, pp. 1700-1706, 2011.

- M. R. R. de Oliveira, A. P. A. de Souza, and D. G. Zanin, "Nylon 12/zeolite composites as adsorbents for removal of dye from aqueous solutions," in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1007-1013, 2017.

1. Definition Ppg 12/ Smdi Copolymer:

Ppg 12/ Smdi Copolymer is a copolymer consisting of polypropylene glycol (PPG) and stearyl methacrylate dimethyl ammonium chloride (SMDI). It is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and viscosity controlling agent.

2. Use:

Ppg 12/ Smdi Copolymer is primarily used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent to create a smooth and even film on the skin or hair. It also functions as a viscosity controlling agent, helping to stabilize the formulation and maintain the desired consistency of the product.

3. Usage Ppg 12/ Smdi Copolymer:

Ppg 12/ Smdi Copolymer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including hair care products such as styling gels, mousses, and hairsprays, as well as in skincare products like lotions, creams, and sunscreens. It helps to improve the spreadability of the product, enhance its texture, and provide long-lasting hold or film-forming properties on the skin or hair.

Precautions: While Ppg 12/ Smdi Copolymer is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- CosmeticsInfo.org. (2021). Ppg-12/Smdi Copolymer. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ppg-12smdi-copolymer

- Personal Care Council. (2021). Ppg-12/Smdi Copolymer. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/ppg-12smdi-copolymer/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). Ppg-12/Smdi Copolymer. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/ppg-12smdi-copolymer

1. Definition Methicone:

Methicone is a silicone-based ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, colorless liquid that helps to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Methicone is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, foundations, and sunscreens. It helps to create a smooth, silky feel on the skin and can also provide a barrier to lock in moisture, making it a popular ingredient in products designed to hydrate and protect the skin.

3. Usage Methicone:

Methicone is typically used in small concentrations in cosmetic formulations, usually around 1-5%. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but as with any ingredient, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines for use. Some precautions to consider when using products containing Methicone include potential skin irritation or allergic reactions, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- "Silicone Elastomers: A Review of the Chemistry and Properties of the Crosslinked Systems" by George Wypych

- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" by André O. Barel, Marc Paye, and Howard I. Maibach

- "Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products" by Zoe Diana Draelos

1. Definition Dimethicone:

Dimethicone is a type of silicone oil that is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, odorless, and non-toxic substance that helps to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Dimethicone is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It is often added to moisturizers, foundations, primers, and hair conditioners to provide a smooth and silky texture. Dimethicone helps to create a barrier on the skin, which can help to lock in moisture and protect the skin from environmental stressors.

3. Usage Dimethicone:

When using products containing dimethicone, it is important to be aware of potential precautions. While dimethicone is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing dimethicone, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, some people may find that dimethicone can clog pores and exacerbate acne, so it is important to monitor your skin for any changes when using products with this ingredient.

4. References:

- Lanigan, R. S., & Yamarik, T. A. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of dimethicone, dimethiconol, and related ingredients. International journal of toxicology, 21(1), 7-41.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic vehicle efficacy. Dermatologic therapy, 23(4), 314-317.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of dimethicone crosspolymers as used in cosmetics. International journal of toxicology, 35(1_suppl), 5S-24S.

1. Definition Hydrogenated Lecithin:

Hydrogenated Lecithin is a modified form of lecithin, a naturally occurring fatty substance found in plants and animals. It is produced by adding hydrogen to lecithin through a process called hydrogenation, which results in a more stable and solid form of the compound.

2. Use:

Hydrogenated Lecithin is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and surfactant. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as enhance their spreadability and moisturizing properties. It is often found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare formulations.

3. Usage Hydrogenated Lecithin:

When using products containing Hydrogenated Lecithin, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- S. R. Kulkarni, L. J. M. Coelho, E. M. R. Fairhurst, A. J. R. Porter, "Hydrogenated Lecithin: A Review of its Properties, Manufacture, and Applications in Drug Delivery," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 106, no. 6, pp. 1681-1691, 2017.

- M. A. G. de Lima, C. A. S. Batista, L. B. de Oliveira, "Hydrogenated Lecithin as a Cosmetic Ingredient: A Review," International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 221-227, 2020.

- H. S. R. Silva, E. M. M. Santos, R. A. F. Souza, "Safety Assessment of Hydrogenated Lecithin in Cosmetics: A Review," Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol. 109, 2020.

1. Definition Tetrasodium Edta:

Tetrasodium EDTA, also known as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a white, odorless powder that helps to improve the stability and efficacy of formulations by binding to metal ions that can cause product degradation.

2. Use:

Tetrasodium EDTA is used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer to prevent rancidity and discoloration. It also helps to enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in the formulation. Additionally, it can improve the foaming and cleansing properties of certain products like shampoos and body washes.

3. Usage Tetrasodium Edta:

Tetrasodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used within the recommended concentrations. However, it is important to follow the guidelines provided by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel to ensure safe usage. It is recommended to avoid using products containing Tetrasodium EDTA on broken or irritated skin to prevent potential irritation.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(Suppl 1), 93-128.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Tetrasodium EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/tetrasodium-edta/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1751

1. Definition Potassium Sorbate:

Potassium Sorbate is a salt of sorbic acid, a naturally occurring compound found in some fruits. It is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria, extending the shelf life of the product.

2. Use:

Potassium Sorbate is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination. It is effective in inhibiting the growth of a wide range of microorganisms, making it a popular choice for skincare, haircare, and other personal care products.

3. Usage Potassium Sorbate:

Potassium Sorbate is typically added to the formulation of cosmetics at a concentration of 0.1-0.5% to effectively preserve the product. It is often used in combination with other preservatives to provide broad-spectrum protection against microbial growth. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by the supplier to ensure the safety and efficacy of the preservative.

4. References:

- “Potassium Sorbate.” Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/potassium-sorbate.

- “Potassium Sorbate.” Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/potassium-sorbate.

- “Potassium Sorbate: Uses, Safety, and More.” Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/potassium-sorbate.

1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.

2. Use:

Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.

3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:

When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.

1. Definition Mica:

Mica is a naturally occurring mineral that is used in cosmetics for its shimmering and light-reflecting properties. It is commonly found in a variety of makeup products such as eyeshadows, highlighters, and blushes.

2. Use:

Mica is used in cosmetics to add a luminous and glowing effect to the skin. It is often added to products to create a shimmering finish or to enhance the overall appearance of the makeup. Mica can also be used as a base for other pigments and colors, helping them to adhere better to the skin and last longer.

3. Usage Mica:

When using products containing mica, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the mineral. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using products that contain mica. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to determine if any adverse reactions occur. Additionally, mica particles are very fine and can become airborne during application, so it is important to take precautions to avoid inhaling the particles.

4. References:

- "Mica in Cosmetics" by FDA: https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/mica-cosmetics

- "The Truth About Mica" by Environmental Working Group: https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701179-MICA/

- "Mica: The glittering dangers in your makeup bag" by The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2014/jul/24/mica-electronics-cosmetics-india-child-labour-minerals

1. Definition Bismuth Oxychloride:

Bismuth Oxychloride is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used in cosmetics for its shimmering and pearlescent properties. It is a white, fine powder that is often added to makeup products such as eyeshadows, blushes, and foundations to create a luminous and radiant finish.

2. Use:

Bismuth Oxychloride is primarily used in cosmetics as a colorant and opacifying agent. It helps to add a subtle shine and luminosity to makeup products, giving them a more polished and glamorous look. It is often used in mineral makeup formulations due to its natural origin and skin-friendly properties.

3. Usage Bismuth Oxychloride:

When using cosmetics containing Bismuth Oxychloride, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities and allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or redness when using products with this ingredient, especially if they have sensitive skin. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to determine if any adverse reactions occur.

Precautions should also be taken to avoid inhaling the powder form of Bismuth Oxychloride, as it can be irritating to the respiratory system. It is important to use products containing this ingredient in a well-ventilated area and to avoid getting the powder near the eyes or mouth.

4. References:

- "Bismuth Oxychloride in Cosmetics: Is it Safe?" by Paula Begoun, https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/ingredients/bismuth-oxychloride-in-cosmetics.html

- "Bismuth Oxychloride: What You Need to Know" by Michelle Villett, https://beautyeditor.ca/2013/06/14/bismuth-oxychloride

- "The Truth About Bismuth Oxychloride" by Kristin Collins Jackson, https://www.byrdie.com/bismuth-oxychloride-4770898

1. Definition Titanium Dioxide:

Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used as a pigment in cosmetics due to its ability to provide opacity and UV protection.

2. Use:

Titanium Dioxide is used in various cosmetics such as foundations, powders, sunscreens, and lip products to give them a white color and to provide protection against harmful UV rays. It is also used as a thickening agent in some formulations.

3. Usage Titanium Dioxide:

When using cosmetics containing Titanium Dioxide, it is important to take certain precautions. Titanium Dioxide in its nanoparticle form has raised concerns about potential health risks when inhaled, so it is recommended to avoid products that contain nanoparticles. Additionally, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Titanium Dioxide, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- Lademann, J., Weigmann, H. J., Rickmeyer, C., Barthelmes, H., Schaefer, H., & Mueller, G. (1999). Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 12(5), 247-256.

- Tinkle, S. S., Antonini, J. M., Rich, B. A., Roberts, J. R., Salmen, R., DePree, K., ... & Adkins, E. J. (2003). Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(9), 1202-1208.

- Sadrieh, N., Wokovich, A. M., Gopee, N. V., Zheng, J., Haines, D., Parmiter, D., ... & Howard, P. C. (2010). Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano-and submicron-size TiO2 particles. Toxicological Sciences, 115(1), 156-166.

1. Definition Iron Oxides:

Iron oxides are inorganic compounds that are commonly used as colorants in cosmetics. They are naturally occurring minerals that come in various shades of red, yellow, and black.

2. Use:

Iron oxides are used in cosmetics to add color to products such as foundations, eyeshadows, blushes, and lipsticks. They are popular choices for formulators because they provide vibrant and long-lasting color options.

3. Usage Iron Oxides:

Iron oxides are typically used in combination with other pigments to create custom shades for cosmetic products. They are considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow guidelines for proper usage to avoid any potential skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform patch tests before using products containing iron oxides, especially for individuals with sensitive skin.

4. References:

- "Iron Oxides in Cosmetics" by The Personal Care Products Council

- "Safety Assessment of Iron Oxides as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review

- "Iron Oxides for Cosmetic Use: A Review" by S. B. Chavan and A. R. Bhamare

1. Definition Ultramarines:

Ultramarines are synthetic pigments used in cosmetics to provide blue, violet, or green color shades. They are derived from sodium aluminum silicate and contain sulfur, which gives them their vibrant hues.

2. Use:

Ultramarines are commonly used in a variety of cosmetic products such as eyeshadows, blushes, lipsticks, and nail polishes to add a pop of color. They are also used in skincare products like lotions and creams to give them a visually appealing appearance.

3. Usage Ultramarines:

When using cosmetics containing ultramarines, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face or body to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, avoid inhaling or ingesting the product, as ultramarines are not meant to be consumed.

4. References:

- "Ultramarine Blue in Cosmetics" by Coptis

- "Color Additives Permitted for Use in Cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration

- "The Chemistry and Applications of Ultramarine Pigments" by J. D. Birch, G. J. Exner, and J. H. Holloway

1. Definition Carmine:

Carmine is a red pigment derived from the cochineal insect found in Central and South America. It is commonly used as a colorant in cosmetics to give products a vibrant red or pink hue.

2. Use:

Carmine is primarily used in cosmetics such as lipsticks, blushes, and eyeshadows to provide a natural and long-lasting red color. It is also used in food products, textiles, and as a dye for fabrics.

3. Usage Carmine:

When using cosmetics containing carmine, it is important to be aware of any potential allergic reactions. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or sensitivity to carmine, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin. Additionally, some people may choose to avoid carmine due to ethical concerns surrounding the harvesting of the cochineal insects.

4. References:

- "Carmine in Cosmetics: What You Need to Know" by Paula Begoun, published in The Cosmetics Cop

- "Carmine: A Natural Red Dye of Pharmaceutical and Biological Importance" by K. M. Tawari et al., published in the Journal of Pharmacy Research

- "Cochineal Extract and Carmine: A Safety Assessment" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review, published in the International Journal of Toxicology