Name: Dermafix Md Spf50 Sunscreen
Brand: Dermafix
Rating: 5 (6 reviews)

Water

Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua

Function: Solvent

1. Definition Water:

Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.

2. Use:

Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.

3. Usage Water:

When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.

- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.

Avobenzone

Other Names: Eusolex 9020; Parsol 1789; Avobenzene; Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane; Avobezone

Function: Uv Absorber, Uv Filter

1. Definition Avobenzone:

Avobenzone is a chemical compound commonly used in sunscreen and other cosmetic products to provide protection against the harmful effects of UVA and UVB rays from the sun. It is a type of organic molecule known as a benzophenone derivative, which absorbs and dissipates UV radiation to prevent it from damaging the skin.

2. Use:

Avobenzone is primarily used as a key ingredient in sunscreen formulations to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays. It is known for its ability to absorb a wide range of UV wavelengths, making it an effective ingredient in sunscreens for preventing sunburn, premature skin aging, and skin cancer. Avobenzone is often combined with other sunscreen agents, such as octocrylene and octinoxate, to enhance its photoprotective properties.

3. Usage Avobenzone:

When using cosmetics containing avobenzone, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Apply sunscreen generously to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before sun exposure, and reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is recommended to use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30 or higher and to seek shade during peak sun hours to further protect the skin from UV damage.

4. References:

- Wang SQ, Stanfield JW, Osterwalder U. In vitro assessments of UVA protection by popular sunscreens available in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;59(6):934-942.

- Matta MK, Florian J, Zusterzeel R, et al. Effect of sunscreen application on plasma concentration of sunscreen active ingredients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2020;323(3):256-267.

- Couteau C, Chauvet C, Paparis E, Coiffard LJ. A new method to determine the critical wavelength of sunscreens. Int J Pharm. 2007;340(1-2):48-53.

Titanium Dioxide

Other Names: Titanium(IV) Oxide; TiO2; CI 77891; Titanium Oxides; Titania; Rutile; Anatase

Function: Cosmetic Colorant, Uv Absorber, Sunscreen Agent, Opacifying

1. Definition Titanium Dioxide:

Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used as a pigment in cosmetics due to its ability to provide opacity and UV protection.

2. Use:

Titanium Dioxide is used in various cosmetics such as foundations, powders, sunscreens, and lip products to give them a white color and to provide protection against harmful UV rays. It is also used as a thickening agent in some formulations.

3. Usage Titanium Dioxide:

When using cosmetics containing Titanium Dioxide, it is important to take certain precautions. Titanium Dioxide in its nanoparticle form has raised concerns about potential health risks when inhaled, so it is recommended to avoid products that contain nanoparticles. Additionally, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Titanium Dioxide, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- Lademann, J., Weigmann, H. J., Rickmeyer, C., Barthelmes, H., Schaefer, H., & Mueller, G. (1999). Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 12(5), 247-256.

- Tinkle, S. S., Antonini, J. M., Rich, B. A., Roberts, J. R., Salmen, R., DePree, K., ... & Adkins, E. J. (2003). Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(9), 1202-1208.

- Sadrieh, N., Wokovich, A. M., Gopee, N. V., Zheng, J., Haines, D., Parmiter, D., ... & Howard, P. C. (2010). Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano-and submicron-size TiO2 particles. Toxicological Sciences, 115(1), 156-166.

Zinc Oxide

Other Names: microfine Zinc Oxide; CI 77947

Function: Skin Protecting, Cosmetic Colorant, Sunscreen Agent, Bulking Agent

1. Definition Zinc Oxide:

Zinc Oxide is a mineral compound that is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and protective properties. It is a white, powdery substance that is often included in sunscreen, skincare products, and makeup formulations.

2. Use:

Zinc Oxide is primarily used in cosmetics for its ability to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays from the sun. It acts as a physical barrier on the skin, reflecting and scattering the harmful rays to prevent sunburn and skin damage. In addition to its sun protection benefits, Zinc Oxide also has anti-inflammatory properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.

3. Usage Zinc Oxide:

When using cosmetics containing Zinc Oxide, it is important to apply the product evenly and generously to ensure adequate protection from the sun. Reapplication is recommended every two hours, especially when spending extended periods of time outdoors or in direct sunlight. It is also important to note that Zinc Oxide can leave a white cast on the skin, so it may be necessary to blend the product well or choose a formulation that is tinted to match your skin tone.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products (Cosmetic Science and Technology Series). CRC Press.

- Wang, S. Q., & Lim, H. W. (2007). Current status of the sunscreen regulation in the United States: 2011 Food and Drug Administration's final rule on labeling and effectiveness testing. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 66(3), 489-496.

- Nasir, A., Kalam, A., Singh, P., & Sharma, K. (2019). Zinc oxide nanoparticles: a review of their biological synthesis, antimicrobial activity, uptake, translocation and biotransformation in plants. Journal of Materials Science, 54(2), 1016-1042.

Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine

Other Names: BisEthylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine; Tinosorb S; Anisotriazine; Bemotrizinol

Function: Uv Absorber, Skin Conditioning, Uv Filter

1. Definition Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine:

Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, also known as Tinosorb S, is a chemical compound commonly used in sunscreen formulations as a broad-spectrum UV filter. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylbenzimidazoles.

2. Use:

Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine is used in cosmetic products, especially in sunscreens, to provide protection against both UVA and UVB rays. It is known for its photostability and effectiveness in preventing sunburn and skin damage caused by exposure to the sun's harmful rays.

3. Usage Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine:

When using products containing Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product label. Apply the sunscreen generously to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before going outside, and reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is also recommended to use other sun protection measures such as wearing protective clothing and seeking shade during peak sun hours.

4. References:

- Moyal D. (2008). Molecular and clinical rationale for the use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen: a review of the evidence. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 7(2 Suppl):6-12.

- Matta M.K., et al. (2010). Effect of sunscreen application on plasma concentration of sunscreen active ingredients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 323(3):256-67.

- Nash J.F., et al. (2006). Sunscreens with photostable UVA filters prevent the generation of reactive oxygen species and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in human skin exposed to UVA radiation. Pigment Cell Research, 19(4):364-74.

Glycereth 26

Function: Solvent, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Decreasing Agent

1. Definition Glycereth 26:

Glycereth-26 is a polyethylene glycol ether of glycerin, commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emollient, humectant, and solvent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that helps to improve the texture and feel of skincare products.

2. Use:

Glycereth-26 is known for its ability to hydrate and soften the skin, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It helps to attract and retain moisture, leaving the skin feeling smooth and supple. Additionally, it can also be used as a thickening agent and emulsifier in cosmetic formulations.

3. Usage Glycereth 26:

Glycereth-26 is typically found in a wide range of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, masks, and sunscreens. It is safe for use in concentrations up to 10% in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper usage. Some precautions to consider when using products containing Glycereth-26 include potential skin irritation or allergic reactions, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- International Journal of Toxicology. (2008). Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-2, -6, -8, -20, -32, -40, -50, -55, -75, -90, -100, -120, -150, -200, -7M, -14M, -20M, -35M, -55M, -75M, -115M, -155M, -175M, -195M, and -200M. 27(S2), 1-82.

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Glycereth-26. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glycereth-26

- Personal Care Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of PEG/PPG Esters and Their Ethoxylates as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/resource-center/safety-assessments/

Carbomer

Other Names: Carboxypolymethylene; Carbopol; Cabomer

Function: Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Gel Forming

1. Definition Carbomer:

Carbomer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and stabilizer. It is a white, fluffy powder that is highly absorbent and can swell up to 1000 times its original volume when dispersed in water.

2. Use:

Carbomer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, gels, and serums. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the stability of emulsions, and enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Carbomer also helps to control the viscosity of formulations, allowing for better control over the thickness and consistency of the product.

3. Usage Carbomer:

When using products containing Carbomer, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. Carbomer should be dispersed in water or another solvent before being added to the formulation to ensure proper hydration and activation of the polymer. It is important to avoid inhaling the powder, as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.

4. References:

- Sharma, A., & Jain, A. (2012). Carbomers: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(3), 805-814.

- Liao, Y., & Wang, J. (2017). Carbomer: A versatile polymer in pharmaceutical applications. Polymer Chemistry, 8(3), 355-366.

- Patel, D. (2015). Carbomer in pharmaceuticals: A review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(2), 121-133.

Xanthan Gum

Other Names: Xanthum Gum; Xanthen Gum; Xantham Gum; Zanthan Gum; Xanthan; Corn sugar gum; XC Polymer

Function: Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Surfactant - Emulsifying Agent, Gel Forming

1. Definition Xanthan Gum:

Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is commonly used as a thickening agent in cosmetics due to its ability to create a gel-like consistency and improve the texture of products.

2. Use:

Xanthan Gum is used in cosmetics for its thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying properties. It helps to create a smooth and uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. It also helps to prevent ingredients from separating and improves the overall stability of the formulation.

3. Usage Xanthan Gum:

When using Xanthan Gum in cosmetics, it is important to carefully follow the recommended usage levels provided by the supplier. Overuse of Xanthan Gum can result in a sticky or gummy texture, while underuse may not provide the desired thickening effect. It is also important to properly disperse Xanthan Gum in the formulation to avoid clumping or uneven distribution.

4. References:

- Silva, E. O., et al. (2018). Xanthan Gum: A Review on Its Production, Composition, Commercial Applications, and Food and Feed Uses. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 11(1), 195-229.

- Kaur, A., et al. (2020). Xanthan Gum: A Versatile Biopolymer for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28(7), 1541-1555.

- Li, Z., et al. (2019). Xanthan Gum and Its Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review. Carbohydrate Polymers, 217, 1-8.

Myristyl Myristate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Opacifying

1. Definition Myristyl Myristate:

Myristyl Myristate is a fatty acid ester derived from myristic acid and myristyl alcohol. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent.

2. Use:

Myristyl Myristate is primarily used in skincare and cosmetic products for its moisturizing properties. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and makeup products. Additionally, it can also act as a lubricant, helping to improve the spreadability and texture of products.

3. Usage Myristyl Myristate:

Myristyl Myristate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but like any ingredient, it is important to use it in moderation. It is recommended to patch test products containing Myristyl Myristate before applying them to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also advisable to follow the instructions on product labels and consult a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using products containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- "Myristyl Myristate", CosmeticsInfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/myristyl-myristate

- "Myristyl Myristate", The Dermatology Review, https://thedermreview.com/myristyl-myristate/

- "Myristyl Myristate", Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/myristyl-myristate

C12 15 Alkyl Benzoate

Other Names: C12-C15 alkyl benzoate; Alkyl (C12-C15) benzoate; Dodecyl benzoate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antimicrobial

1. Definition C12 15 Alkyl Benzoate:

C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is an ester derived from benzoic acid and a mixture of alcohols with carbon chain lengths ranging from 12 to 15. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, skin conditioning agent, and solvent.

2. Use:

C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is utilized in various cosmetic formulations such as sunscreens, moisturizers, and makeup products. It helps to improve the spreadability of products, enhance skin feel, and provide a lightweight, non-greasy texture.

3. Usage C12 15 Alkyl Benzoate:

When using products containing C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines and apply as directed on the product packaging. It is generally considered safe for topical application, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before widespread use to ensure compatibility.

Precautions: While C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional. It is recommended to avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.

4. References:

- "C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate" in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 14th Edition.

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2003). Final report on the safety assessment of C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). CIR Expert Panel Reaffirms Safety of C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate in Cosmetics.

Propylene Glycol

Other Names: Monopropylene Glycol; Propyl Glycol; 1,2-Dihydroxypropane; 1,2-Propanediol; Propane-1,2-diol; 1,2-Propylene Glycol

Function: Solvent, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Skin-Conditioningagent - Miscellaneous

1. Definition Propylene Glycol:

Propylene Glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water and is used in a variety of products, including cosmetics, as a humectant to help retain moisture.

2. Use:

Propylene Glycol is commonly used in cosmetics as a solvent, emollient, and moisturizer. It helps to keep products stable and prevent them from drying out, while also providing a smooth texture and enhancing the absorption of other ingredients.

3. Usage Propylene Glycol:

When using cosmetics containing Propylene Glycol, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to this ingredient, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Propylene Glycol for the first time. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid using products with high concentrations of Propylene Glycol on broken or irritated skin.

4. References:

- "Safety Assessment of Propylene Glycol, Tripropylene Glycol, and PPGs as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel

- "Propylene Glycol" by the Environmental Working Group

- "Propylene Glycol in Cosmetics" by the Personal Care Products Council

Cetearyl Alcohol

Other Names: Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl Alcohol; C16-18 Alcohols

Function: Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous

1. Definition Cetearyl Alcohol:

Cetearyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and carrying agent for other ingredients.

2. Use:

Cetearyl Alcohol is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and hair conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, as well as improve the texture and consistency of the product. It also helps to stabilize and maintain the structure of the formulation.

3. Usage Cetearyl Alcohol:

When using products containing Cetearyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Cetearyl Alcohol, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to follow the instructions for use provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective application.

4. References:

- "Cetearyl Alcohol" by Paula Begoun, Cosmetics Cop, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol.html

- "Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Safe or Harmful?" by Dr. Anvita Arora, Dermatologist, https://www.dranvitaarora.com/cetearyl-alcohol-in-cosmetics-safe-or-harmful/

- "The Role of Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cetearylcir.pdf

Glyceryl Stearate

Function: Emollient, Emulsifying

1. Definition Glyceryl Stearate:

Glyceryl Stearate is a fatty acid derived from glycerin and stearic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickening agent.

2. Use:

Glyceryl Stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and makeup. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, improve the texture of the product, and stabilize the formulation.

3. Usage Glyceryl Stearate:

When using products containing Glyceryl Stearate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Glyceryl Stearate, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- "Glyceryl Stearate" by The Personal Care Products Council

- "Safety Assessment of Glyceryl Stearate and Glyceryl Stearate SE as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review

- "Glyceryl Stearate" by Paula's Choice Skincare

Peg 40 Stearate

Other Names: Polyoxyl 40 Stearate

Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying

1. Definition Peg 40 Stearate:

Peg 40 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol derivative of stearic acid that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients together, creating stable and uniform formulations.

2. Use:

Peg 40 Stearate is primarily used in cosmetics and personal care products such as creams, lotions, and makeup. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, making them easier to apply and spread on the skin. Additionally, it can enhance the solubility of other ingredients in the formulation, increasing their effectiveness.

3. Usage Peg 40 Stearate:

When using products containing Peg 40 Stearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical use but may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- "PEG-40 Stearate" by Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/peg-40-stearate

- "PEG-40 Stearate" by Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/peg-40-stearate

- "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in Cosmetics" by FDA, https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/polyethylene-glycol-peg-compounds-cosmetics

Ceteareth 20

Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant, Cleansing

1. Definition Ceteareth 20:

Ceteareth 20 is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohol ethoxylated with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide. It is a white, waxy solid that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant.

2. Use:

Ceteareth 20 is primarily used in cosmetic formulations as an emulsifying agent to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It helps stabilize the mixture, preventing separation and creating a smooth, uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, it can also function as a cleansing agent, helping to remove dirt and impurities from the skin.

3. Usage Ceteareth 20:

When using products containing Ceteareth 20, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing this ingredient to a larger area of skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, it is recommended to discontinue use and consult a dermatologist.

4. References:

- "Ceteareth-20." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ceteareth-20.

- "Ceteareth-20." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ceteareth-20.

- "Ceteareth-20." Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/inci-name/ceteareth-20.

Bht

Other Names: Di-Butyl Hydroxy Toluene; BHT; Dibutylhydroxytoluene; Butylated hydroxytoluene

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant

1. Definition Bht:

Bht, or Butylated Hydroxytoluene, is a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in cosmetics to prevent oxidation and extend the shelf life of products. It is a white, crystalline powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in fats and oils.

2. Use:

Bht is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the degradation of oils and fats in formulations. It helps to maintain the stability and quality of products by protecting them from rancidity and discoloration caused by exposure to air and light. Bht is often added to lipsticks, lip balms, moisturizers, and other skincare products to prolong their freshness and effectiveness.

3. Usage Bht:

When using cosmetics containing Bht, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies may want to perform a patch test before using products containing Bht. It is recommended to store Bht-containing products in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (1988). Final report on the safety assessment of BHT. International journal of toxicology, 7(5), 669-735.

- Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.110

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 31404, Butylated hydroxytoluene. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylated-hydroxytoluene

Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil

Function: Solvent, Skin Conditioning, Masking, Emollient, Fragrance, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil:

Coconut oil, derived from the fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), is a versatile and widely used natural oil in the cosmetic industry. It is rich in fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidants, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Coconut oil is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it an excellent choice for hydrating the skin and hair. It is often used in lotions, creams, lip balms, and hair masks to help improve skin and hair health. Additionally, coconut oil has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for treating various skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne.

3. Usage Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil:

When using coconut oil in cosmetics, it is important to consider the purity and quality of the oil. Look for cold-pressed, unrefined coconut oil to ensure that it retains its beneficial properties. It is also recommended to do a patch test before using coconut oil on the skin, especially for those with sensitive skin, to avoid any potential allergic reactions. Coconut oil can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or mixed with other ingredients to create DIY beauty products.

4. References:

- Rele, A. S., & Mohile, R. B. (2003). Effect of mineral oil, sunflower oil, and coconut oil on prevention of hair damage. Journal of cosmetic science, 54(2), 175-192.

- Evangelista, M. T., Abad-Casintahan, F., & Lopez-Villafuerte, L. (2014). The effect of topical virgin coconut oil on SCORAD index, transepidermal water loss, and skin capacitance in mild to moderate pediatric atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. International Journal of Dermatology, 53(1), 100-108.

- Nevin, K. G., & Rajamohan, T. (2010). Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Clinical biochemistry, 43(4-5), 349-357.

Potassium Cetyl Phosphate

Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant

1. Definition Potassium Cetyl Phosphate:

Potassium Cetyl Phosphate is a potassium salt of cetyl phosphate, an ester of cetyl alcohol and phosphoric acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and stabilizer.

2. Use:

Potassium Cetyl Phosphate is used in various cosmetic formulations such as creams, lotions, and sunscreens to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It also helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, making them easier to apply and spread on the skin.

3. Usage Potassium Cetyl Phosphate:

When using products containing Potassium Cetyl Phosphate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, avoid getting the product in contact with the eyes or mucous membranes.

4. References:

- "Potassium Cetyl Phosphate." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/potassium-cetyl-phosphate

- "Potassium Cetyl Phosphate." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/potassium-cetyl-phosphate

- "Potassium Cetyl Phosphate." SpecialChem, www.specialchem.com/inci/potassium-cetyl-phosphate

Alkyl Acrylate

Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.

Polyacrylate 15

Function: Film Forming

1. Definition Polyacrylate 15:

Polyacrylate 15 is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent. It is a synthetic ingredient that helps to create a smooth and even texture in cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Polyacrylate 15 is often included in cosmetic formulations such as foundations, primers, and sunscreens to help improve the overall performance and appearance of the product. It can help to provide a mattifying effect, reduce shine, and improve the longevity of makeup.

3. Usage Polyacrylate 15:

When using products containing Polyacrylate 15, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for use on the skin, but some individuals may experience sensitivity or allergic reactions to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Polyacrylate 15 to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- "Polyacrylate-15." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyacrylate-15.

- "Polyacrylate-15." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyacrylate-15.

- "Polyacrylate-15." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polyacrylate-15/.

Caprylyl Glycol

Other Names: Capryl Glycol; 1,2-Octanediol; 1,2-Dihydroxyoctane; 1,2-Octylene glycol

Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Caprylyl Glycol:

Caprylyl Glycol is a skin conditioning agent and emollient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from caprylic acid, which is found in coconut and palm oils.

2. Use:

Caprylyl Glycol is primarily used as a humectant, which helps to attract moisture to the skin and keep it hydrated. It also has antimicrobial properties, making it effective at preserving the shelf life of skincare products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, Caprylyl Glycol can enhance the texture of products, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft.

3. Usage Caprylyl Glycol:

Caprylyl Glycol is typically found in moisturizers, cleansers, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Caprylyl Glycol to their entire face. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the product.

4. References:

- Monkare J, Maczka W, Matuszak Ż, et al. Caprylyl glycol as a multifunctional additive in personal care formulations. Cosmetics. 2020;7(1):17. doi:10.3390/cosmetics7010017

- Lodeiro C, Margus T, Pinto S, et al. Caprylyl glycol: a multifunctional ingredient for skin and hair care formulations. SOFW J. 2017;143(11):42-48.

- Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(9):s27-s30.

C11 15 Pareth 40

Function: Surfactant, Cleansing

1. Definition C11 15 Pareth 40:

C11 15 Pareth 40 is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of ethoxylated alcohols. It is a surfactant and emulsifier commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products.

2. Use:

C11 15 Pareth 40 is used in cosmetics as an emulsifying agent to help blend water and oil-based ingredients together. It is also used as a surfactant to improve the spreadability and texture of products such as creams, lotions, and hair care products.

3. Usage C11 15 Pareth 40:

When using products containing C11 15 Pareth 40, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing C11 15 Pareth 40 to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes when using products containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of Pareth-25-9, Pareth-30-9, Pareth-40-9, Pareth-50-9, and Pareth-7. International Journal of Toxicology. 2007;26(Suppl 3):1-16.

- Personal Care Products Council. CIR Safety Review: C11-15 Pareth-40. 2008.

- European Commission. CosIng - Cosmetics - Ingredients and Substances. Accessed at: https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.simple on [Date accessed].

Phenoxyethanol

Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE

Function: Fragrance, Preservative

1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.

2. Use:

Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.

3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:

When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.

Sodium Hydroxide

Other Names: NaOH

Function: Denaturant , pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent

1. Definition Sodium Hydroxide:

Sodium Hydroxide, also known as lye or caustic soda, is a highly alkaline compound that is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, and cleansing agent.

2. Use:

Sodium Hydroxide is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, ensuring that the product is within the desired range for optimal skin compatibility. It is also used as an emulsifier to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together, creating stable and uniform products. Additionally, sodium hydroxide is used as a cleansing agent in skincare products, helping to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin.

3. Usage Sodium Hydroxide:

When using products containing sodium hydroxide, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Avoid direct contact with the eyes, as it can cause irritation or burns. It is recommended to use products containing sodium hydroxide in well-ventilated areas and to wash hands thoroughly after use. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and seek medical advice.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2013). Final report on the safety assessment of sodium hydroxide. International Journal of Toxicology, 32(1), 59S-80S.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2020). Sodium Hydroxide. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/sodium-hydroxide/

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). Sodium Hydroxide. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-hydroxide

EWG	CIR	Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function	Notes
1	-	Water (Solvent)
1 2	-	Avobenzone (Uv Absorber, Uv Filter)	UV Protection
1 3	-	Titanium Dioxide (Cosmetic Colorant, Uv Absorber, Sunscreen Agent, Opacifying)	UV Protection Good for sensitive skin
2 9	-	Zinc Oxide (Skin Protecting, Cosmetic Colorant, Sunscreen Agent, Bulking Agent)	UV Protection Good for oily skin Moisturizing
-	-	Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine (Uv Absorber, Skin Conditioning, Uv Filter)	UV Protection
1	-	Glycereth 26 (Solvent, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Decreasing Agent)
1	A	Carbomer (Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Gel Forming)
1	A	Xanthan Gum (Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Surfactant - Emulsifying Agent, Gel Forming)
2 3	B	Myristyl Myristate (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Opacifying)	Bad for oily skin
1	A	C12 15 Alkyl Benzoate (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antimicrobial)
3	B	Propylene Glycol (Solvent, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Skin-Conditioningagent - Miscellaneous)	Good for dry skin
1	A	Cetearyl Alcohol (Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous)	Cleansing
1	A	Glyceryl Stearate (Emollient, Emulsifying)	Fungal Acne Trigger Cleansing
1 3	A	Peg 40 Stearate (Surfactant, Emulsifying)	Fungal Acne Trigger Cleansing
1 3	B	Ceteareth 20 (Emulsifying, Surfactant, Cleansing)	Cleansing
3	A	Bht (Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant)
1	A	Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil (Solvent, Skin Conditioning, Masking, Emollient, Fragrance, Hair Conditioning)	Bad for oily skin Fungal Acne Trigger
1	B	Potassium Cetyl Phosphate (Emulsifying, Surfactant)	Cleansing
-	-	Alkyl Acrylate
1	A	Polyacrylate 15 (Film Forming)
1	A	Caprylyl Glycol (Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	-	C11 15 Pareth 40 (Surfactant, Cleansing)	Cleansing
2 4	A	Phenoxyethanol (Fragrance, Preservative)
1 4	B	Sodium Hydroxide (Denaturant , pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent)

Dermafix Md Spf50 Sunscreen

Ingredients

Analysis results of Ingredients

Ingredient List