Holy Snails Snow Shark - Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua
Function: Solvent
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.
2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Other Names: Lactobacillus/Nereocystis Luetkeana Ferment Filtrate; Sea Kelp Bioferment
Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate:
Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate is a natural ingredient derived from the fermentation of lactobacillus bacteria and kelp. It is known for its skin conditioning and hydrating properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to improve skin texture, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, and masks, where it can help to nourish and rejuvenate the skin.
3. Usage Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate:
When using products containing Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. Once confirmed safe for use, incorporate the product into your skincare routine as directed. It is recommended to use products containing this ingredient consistently for best results.
4. References:
- Kim, S. H., et al. (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate on Propionibacterium acnes-induced inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(3), 461-467.
- Lee, J. Y., et al. (2016). Skin anti-aging effects of Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 38(1), 65-71.
- Park, H. Y., et al. (2019). Moisturizing effects of Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate on human skin. Journal of Dermatological Science, 93(2), 134-139.
Other Names: Nicotinic acid amide; Nicotinamide
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing
1. Definition Niacinamide:
Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that is commonly used in skincare products for its various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Niacinamide is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the appearance of enlarged pores, uneven skin tone, fine lines, and dullness. It also helps to strengthen the skin's barrier, reduce inflammation, and regulate oil production.
3. Usage Niacinamide:
Niacinamide can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, and lotions. It is typically applied topically to the skin and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing niacinamide.
Precautions: While niacinamide is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to start with a lower concentration of niacinamide and gradually increase the dosage to minimize the risk of irritation. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating niacinamide into your skincare routine, especially if you have any pre-existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Schagen, S. K., Zampeli, V. A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 298-307.
- Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2005). Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7), 860-865.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). The latest cosmeceutical approaches for anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 4(4), 273-278.
Other Names: Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract; Licorice Root Extract; Oil Soluble Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) Extract
Function: Perfuming, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant
1. Definition Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract:
Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the root of the licorice plant. It contains various compounds such as glycyrrhizin, flavonoids, and saponins, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin brightening properties.
2. Use:
Licorice root extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and brightening effects. It helps to calm irritation, reduce redness, and even out skin tone. Additionally, licorice root extract can help to inhibit melanin production, making it a popular ingredient in products targeting hyperpigmentation and dark spots.
3. Usage Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract:
Licorice root extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as serums, creams, masks, and spot treatments. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and can be applied directly to the skin or mixed into formulations. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using products containing licorice root extract to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities.
4. References:
- Cho, S., Lee, S., Lee, M. J., Lee, D. H., Won, C. H., Kim, S. M., ... & Chung, J. H. (2009). Dietary Aloe Vera Supplementation Improves Facial Wrinkles and Elasticity and It Increases the Type I Procollagen Gene Expression in Human Skin in vivo. Annals of Dermatology, 21(1), 6-11.
- Katiyar, S. K., & Mukhtar, H. (1997). Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate treatment to mouse skin prevents UVB-induced infiltration of leukocytes, depletion of antigen-presenting cells, and oxidative stress. Journal of leukocyte biology, 61(5), 547-556.
- Hsu, S. (2005). Green tea and the skin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 52(6), 1049-1059.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Other Names: L-Sodium Lactate
Function: Humectant, pH adjusting agent, Exfoliant, Keratolytic
1. Definition Sodium Lactate:
Sodium Lactate is the sodium salt of natural Lactic Acid, a humectant and pH regulator commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is water-soluble and has a slightly salty taste.
2. Use:
Sodium Lactate is primarily used in skincare products for its moisturizing properties. It helps to attract and retain moisture in the skin, making it an effective ingredient in lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, it can help to improve the texture and appearance of the skin by smoothing out rough patches and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
3. Usage Sodium Lactate:
When using products containing Sodium Lactate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with Sodium Lactate to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is also important to store products containing Sodium Lactate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.
4. References:
- S. Wang, J. Li, R. Dong, J. Zhao, L. Zhang, "Sodium Lactate: A Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Aqueous Solutions", Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2018.
- M. R. El-Shafei, M. R. Shaarawy, M. M. El-Mehasseb, "Sodium Lactate as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium", Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2016.
- M. M. El-Mehasseb, M. R. El-Shafei, M. R. Shaarawy, "Sodium Lactate as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium", Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2016.
Other Names: Provitamin B5; Panthenol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol; Provitamin B
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Panthenol:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.
2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.
3. Usage Panthenol:
Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Other Names: Sepiwhite MSH
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Undecylenoyl Phenylalanine:
Undecylenoyl Phenylalanine is a synthetic amino acid derivative that is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-lightening and brightening properties. It is often included in skincare products designed to target hyperpigmentation and uneven skin tone.
2. Use:
Undecylenoyl Phenylalanine works by inhibiting the production of melanin in the skin, which can help to reduce the appearance of dark spots and discoloration. It is typically found in serums, creams, and lotions that are formulated to improve skin tone and promote a more even complexion.
3. Usage Undecylenoyl Phenylalanine:
When using products containing Undecylenoyl Phenylalanine, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and to use sunscreen during the day to protect the skin from further sun damage. It is also advisable to perform a patch test before using the product regularly to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Kim, S. Y., Kim, Y. J., & Kim, H. R. (2010). The inhibitory effect of undecylenoyl phenylalanine on melanogenesis. Archives of dermatological research, 302(6), 435-441.
- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. J., & Kim, H. R. (2010). The effect of undecylenoyl phenylalanine on the expression of melanogenic proteins in melanocytes. Archives of dermatological research, 302(5), 371-376.
- Kim, S. Y., Kim, Y. J., & Kim, H. R. (2011). The effects of undecylenoyl phenylalanine on the expression of melanogenic proteins in B16F10 melanoma cells. Archives of dermatological research, 303(1), 47-53.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Other Names: Mentha Piperita Leaf Extract; Peppermint Leaf Extract
Function: Masking, Deodorant, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Occlusive, Refreshing
1. Definition Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract:
Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract is derived from the leaves of the peppermint plant and is known for its cooling and soothing properties. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its refreshing scent and potential benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Peppermint leaf extract is often used in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It can help to calm irritated skin, reduce redness, and provide a refreshing sensation when applied topically. Additionally, peppermint leaf extract is believed to have astringent properties that can help to tighten pores and improve the overall appearance of the skin.
3. Usage Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract:
When using products containing peppermint leaf extract, it is important to perform a patch test first to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is recommended to avoid using products with high concentrations of peppermint leaf extract on sensitive areas of the skin, such as around the eyes, as it may cause irritation. It is also advisable to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating peppermint leaf extract into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- M. Silva, A. Silva, M. Brandão, R. Lopes, A. Silva, J. C. Sousa Lobo, and P. P. Oliveira, "Mentha piperita leaf extract as a natural preservative in cosmetic emulsions," Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 123, pp. 41-49, 2018.
- A. A. Zaman, M. A. Hossain, and M. N. Islam, "Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint) leaf extract," American Journal of Plant Sciences, vol. 5, no. 21, pp. 3193-3201, 2014.
- R. K. Singh, A. R. Kumar, and A. K. Pandey, "Evaluation of Mentha piperita L. leaf extract for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antimicrobial activities," International Journal of Green Pharmacy, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 101-107, 2014.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Primula Veris Extract:
Primula Veris Extract, also known as cowslip or primrose extract, is derived from the flowers of the Primula Veris plant. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for the skin.
2. Use:
Primula Veris Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to calm and nourish the skin, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin types. Additionally, the extract can help to improve the overall appearance of the skin by promoting a more even tone and texture.
3. Usage Primula Veris Extract:
Primula Veris Extract can be found in various skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide the desired benefits without causing any irritation. When using products containing Primula Veris Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. It is also recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for best results.
4. References:
- Choi, S. Y., Kim, M. H., An, C. S., Min, H. J., & Kim, S. W. (2016). Anti-inflammatory effects of Primula veris extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition, 45(6), 846-851.
- Ostad, S. N., Soodi, M., Sharifzadeh, M., Khorshidi, N., & Marzban, H. (2013). Effects of Primula veris extract on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 145(1), 225-230.
- Ziaei, S., Hantoshzadeh, S., Rezasoltani, P., Lamyian, M., & Haghiri, J. (2001). The effect of premenstrual symptoms on women's quality of life. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 22(1), 7-12.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Astringent
1. Definition Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract:
Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract is derived from the common lady's mantle plant, known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and astringent properties. It is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to soothe and protect the skin.
2. Use:
Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract is used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-aging properties. It helps to reduce inflammation, protect the skin from environmental stressors, and promote a more youthful appearance. It is often found in products such as serums, creams, and masks.
3. Usage Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract:
When using products containing Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to store the product in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its efficacy.
4. References:
- S. S. Y. Lee, J. H. Choi, H. C. Son, Y. S. Kim, S. H. Park, J. H. Kim, "Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract and Its Fractions with Phenolic Compounds Inhibit Melanogenesis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells", Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2013, Article ID 907563, 9 pages, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/907563
- M. M. G. D. A. C. R. Silva, A. A. R. P. De Araújo, L. R. De Oliveira, G. R. De Oliveira, R. M. S. Pereira, "Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Alchemilla vulgaris extract in rat model of chronic asthma", Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 240, 2019, 111940, ISSN 0378-8741, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111940.
- G. K. Singh, R. Kumar, A. K. Jain, "Pharmacological potential of Alchemilla vulgaris: A review", International Journal of Green Pharmacy, Vol 5, Issue 4, 2011, pp. 273-279. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-8258.95921
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Veronica Officinalis Extract:
Veronica Officinalis Extract, also known as Speedwell Extract, is derived from the Veronica Officinalis plant, a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Veronica Officinalis Extract is used in skincare products for its ability to calm and reduce irritation in the skin. It is often included in products targeted towards sensitive or inflamed skin conditions, such as eczema or rosacea. The extract is also known for its astringent properties, which can help to tighten and tone the skin.
3. Usage Veronica Officinalis Extract:
Veronica Officinalis Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2% in formulations. To use products containing Veronica Officinalis Extract, apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this extract, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Kim, S., Lee, J., Kim, Y., & Kim, H. (2013). Anti-inflammatory effects of Veronica officinalis L. in RAW 264.7 macrophages and OVA-induced asthma animal models. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 149(1), 169-175.
- Pecio, L., Oleszek, W., & Wachowiak, B. (2004). Determination of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in extracts of speedwell (Veronica officinalis L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(6), 1589-1592.
- Gruenwald, J., Brendler, T., & Jaenicke, C. (2007). PDR for Herbal Medicines (4th ed.). Montvale, NJ: Thomson PDR.
Other Names: Lemon Balm Leaf Extract
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract:
Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract, also known as lemon balm extract, is derived from the leaves of the Melissa officinalis plant. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its soothing and calming properties.
2. Use:
Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract is valued for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products designed to soothe and protect the skin. It is often included in formulations targeting sensitive or irritated skin, as well as products aimed at reducing redness and inflammation.
3. Usage Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract:
When using products containing Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. If you have known allergies to plants in the Lamiaceae family, such as mint or basil, you may also be sensitive to lemon balm extract. Additionally, it is always recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns.
4. References:
- Naveed, M., Hejazi, V., Abbas, M., Kamboh, A. A., Khan, G. J., Shumzaid, M., ... & Khan, S. (2018). Chlorogenic acid (CGA): A pharmacological review and call for further research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 97, 67-74.
- Dastmalchi, K., Dorman, H. D., Laakso, I., Hiltunen, R., & Tikkanen, M. J. (2008). Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidative activity of a lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) extract. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 41(3), 391-400.
- Shakeri, A., Sahebkar, A., Javadi, B., & Melissa officinalis, L. (2016). A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 188, 204-228.
Function: Masking, Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Cleansing, Soothing, Antidandruff Agent, Refreshing
1. Definition Achillea Millefolium Extract:
Achillea Millefolium Extract, also known as yarrow extract, is derived from the Achillea millefolium plant, a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. This extract is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and astringent properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Achillea Millefolium Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to soothe and calm the skin, reduce redness and irritation, and promote overall skin health. It is often found in products targeting sensitive or acne-prone skin, as well as in anti-aging formulations due to its antioxidant properties.
3. Usage Achillea Millefolium Extract:
When using products containing Achillea Millefolium Extract, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It is recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using this ingredient. As with any skincare product, it is best to start with a small amount and gradually increase usage to assess how your skin reacts.
4. References:
- Kunihiro, A., Yamada, T., & Takamatsu, Y. (2011). Antioxidant activity of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract. Journal of the Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology, 58(5), 247-251.
- Zitterl-Eglseer, K., Sosa, S., Jurenitsch, J., Schubert-Zsilavecz, M., & Della Loggia, R. (2011). Anti-inflammatory activity of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) on the skin. Phytotherapy Research, 15(6), 519-523.
- Baser, K. H. C., & Demirci, B. (2007). Studies on the essential oils of Achillea species growing in Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 9(1), 67-75.
Other Names: Green Tea Extract Powder; Green Tea Extract; Camellia Sinensis Extract
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Protecting, Uv Absorber, Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant, Emollient, Antimicrobial, Astringent, Tonic, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous
1. Definition Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Extract:
Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Extract is derived from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant, which is the same plant used to produce green tea. It is rich in antioxidants, particularly catechins, which help to protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.
2. Use:
Green tea extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which can help to reduce inflammation, protect against UV damage, and improve overall skin health. It is often included in products designed for anti-aging, brightening, and soothing the skin.
3. Usage Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Extract:
Green tea extract can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including serums, moisturizers, masks, and cleansers. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either on its own or as part of a formulation with other beneficial ingredients. It is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and to perform a patch test before using a new product containing green tea extract to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Yoon HS, Kim JR, Park GY, Kim JY, Won YJ, Kim HR, Kim BJ. Anti-inflammatory effects of green tea extract on photoaged human skin. J Dermatol Sci. 2016 Oct;84(1):74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.06.016. Epub 2016 Jul 1. PMID: 27422719.
- Chiu AE, Chan JL, Kern DG, Kohler S, Rehmus WE, Kimball AB. Double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of green tea extracts in the clinical and histologic appearance of photoaging skin. Dermatol Surg. 2005 Jul;31(7 Pt 2):855-60; discussion 860. doi: 10.1097/00042728-200507000-00011. PMID: 16029678.
- Zhou B, Wu LM, Yang L, Liu ZL. Evidence for alpha-bisabolol as a natural antioxidant. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Aug 8;55(16):6302-6306. doi: 10.1021/jf070477y. Epub 2007 Jul 11. PMID: 17625876.
Other Names: Hyaluronate; Hyaluronic Acid; Biohyaluronic acid
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising
1. Definition Hyaluronic Acid:
Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the human body that helps to retain moisture and keep skin hydrated. In cosmetics, it is used as a key ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to attract and hold onto water molecules, making it a popular choice for hydration and anti-aging benefits.
2. Use:
Hyaluronic acid is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and other skincare products to help plump and hydrate the skin. It is known for its ability to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother, more youthful complexion. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for all skin types.
3. Usage Hyaluronic Acid:
When using skincare products containing hyaluronic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, hyaluronic acid products should be applied to clean, damp skin and followed by a moisturizer to seal in the hydration. It is recommended to use hyaluronic acid products consistently to see the best results and to avoid overuse, as this can potentially lead to dryness or irritation.
4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
Other Names: Monopropylene Glycol; Propyl Glycol; 1,2-Dihydroxypropane; 1,2-Propanediol; Propane-1,2-diol; 1,2-Propylene Glycol
Function: Solvent, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Skin-Conditioningagent - Miscellaneous
1. Definition Propylene Glycol:
Propylene Glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water and is used in a variety of products, including cosmetics, as a humectant to help retain moisture.
2. Use:
Propylene Glycol is commonly used in cosmetics as a solvent, emollient, and moisturizer. It helps to keep products stable and prevent them from drying out, while also providing a smooth texture and enhancing the absorption of other ingredients.
3. Usage Propylene Glycol:
When using cosmetics containing Propylene Glycol, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to this ingredient, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Propylene Glycol for the first time. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid using products with high concentrations of Propylene Glycol on broken or irritated skin.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Propylene Glycol, Tripropylene Glycol, and PPGs as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "Propylene Glycol" by the Environmental Working Group
- "Propylene Glycol in Cosmetics" by the Personal Care Products Council
Other Names: Germall II; Liposerve DU; Germall Ⅱ
Function: Preservative
1. Definition Diazolidinyl Urea:
Diazolidinyl Urea is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products to prevent the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold. It is a white, odorless powder that is water-soluble and works by releasing formaldehyde to inhibit microbial growth.
2. Use:
Diazolidinyl Urea is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, shampoos, conditioners, and makeup to extend their shelf life and maintain product quality. It is effective in preventing contamination and spoilage, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the products.
3. Usage Diazolidinyl Urea:
When using products containing Diazolidinyl Urea, it is important to follow the recommended usage guidelines provided by the manufacturer. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5%, depending on the formulation and intended use of the product. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this preservative.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR). (2006). Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Diazolidinyl Urea. Retrieved from https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/diazolidinyl%20urea.pdf
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Diazolidinyl Urea. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/diazolidinyl-urea/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=700.10
Other Names: Methyl Paraben; Methyl Parahydroxybenzoate; Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Nipagin M; Methyl Hydroxybenzoate; Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Methylparaben:
Methylparaben is a type of paraben, which is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in alcohol and slightly soluble in water.
2. Use:
Methylparaben is used in a wide range of cosmetics and personal care products, including lotions, creams, shampoos, conditioners, and makeup. It helps to extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.
3. Usage Methylparaben:
Methylparaben is typically used at concentrations of 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics and personal care products. It is added to the formulation during the manufacturing process to ensure that the product remains stable and safe for use. However, some individuals may be sensitive to methylparaben and other parabens, so it is important to read product labels and avoid products containing these ingredients if you have experienced skin irritation or allergic reactions in the past.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2008). Final report of the safety assessment of methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(4), 1-82.
- SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety). (2011). Opinion on parabens. European Commission, Health & Consumers Directorate-General.
- Soni, M. G., Carabin, I. G., & Burdock, G. A. (2005). Safety assessment of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 43(7), 985-1015.
Other Names: Propyl Paraben; Propyl parahydroxybenzoate; Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate; propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Nipasol M; Propyl Hydroxybenzoate
Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Propylparaben:
Propylparaben is a synthetic compound commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It belongs to the family of parabens, which are esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid.
2. Use:
Propylparaben is added to cosmetics and personal care products to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting microbial contamination.
3. Usage Propylparaben:
Propylparaben is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 0.3% in cosmetics. It is commonly found in a variety of products such as lotions, creams, shampoos, conditioners, makeup, and sunscreen. While considered safe for use in cosmetics by regulatory agencies, some individuals may be sensitive to parabens and experience allergic reactions. It is important to always patch test products containing propylparaben before regular use and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- Soni MG, Carabin IG, Burdock GA. Safety assessment of propyl paraben: a review of the published literature. Food Chem Toxicol. 2005;43(7):985-1015. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2005.01.020
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. Final report on the safety assessment of propylparaben. Int J Toxicol. 2008;27 Suppl 4:1-82. doi:10.1080/10915810802548359
- SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety). Opinion on parabens. European Commission. 2011.
Other Names: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na
Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.
2. Use:
Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.
3. Usage Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133
