IGK Jet Lag

1. Definition Panthenol:

Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.

2. Use:

Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.

3. Usage Panthenol:

Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.

1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:

Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.

3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:

When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate

- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html

- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits

1. Definition Volcanic Ash:

Volcanic ash is a natural substance that is formed during volcanic eruptions when lava cools down rapidly and solidifies into fine particles. It is rich in minerals like silica, magnesium, calcium, and potassium, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Volcanic ash is known for its exfoliating and detoxifying properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as masks, scrubs, and cleansers. It helps to unclog pores, remove dead skin cells, and absorb excess oil, leaving the skin looking refreshed and rejuvenated.

3. Usage Volcanic Ash:

When using skincare products containing volcanic ash, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. Avoid using volcanic ash products on broken or irritated skin, and if any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately.

4. References:

- Kim, J. H., Kim, M. S., & Kim, H. J. (2019). The effects of volcanic ash on the skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(3), 733-739.

- Kwon, S. H., & Lee, S. H. (2017). Volcanic ash and its applications in cosmetics. Cosmetics & Toiletries, 132(5), 52-58.

- Park, S. Y., & Lee, J. S. (2020). Volcanic ash as a natural skincare ingredient. Journal of Dermatological Science, 98(2), 123-130.

1. Definition Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract:

Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the kiwi fruit, also known as the Chinese gooseberry. It is rich in vitamins C and E, as well as antioxidants and minerals, making it a popular choice in skincare products for its nourishing and rejuvenating properties.

2. Use:

Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its brightening, hydrating, and anti-aging benefits. It helps to improve the skin's overall appearance by promoting collagen production, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and protecting against environmental damage. Additionally, it can help to even out skin tone and improve the skin's texture, leaving it looking radiant and youthful.

3. Usage Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract:

Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract is typically found in various skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, masks, and creams. It can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a regular skincare routine. To incorporate this ingredient into your skincare regimen, simply apply products containing Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract onto clean skin, focusing on areas of concern or where additional hydration and nourishment are needed.

4. References:

- Kim, J. E., Kim, Y. J., Kim, Y. S., & Lee, M. K. (2017). The effects of Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) fruit extract on skin health: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytotherapy Research, 31(5), 797-804.

- Park, S. Y., Kim, Y. S., & Lee, M. K. (2017). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) fruit extract on UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 16(1), 69-75.

- Lee, M. K., Kim, Y. J., & Kim, Y. S. (2018). Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) fruit extract protects against UVB-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 179, 46-53.

1. Definition Hedychium Coronarium (Butterfly Ginger) Root Extract:

Hedychium Coronarium (Butterfly Ginger) Root Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the roots of the Hedychium Coronarium plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and antioxidant properties.

2. Use:

Butterfly Ginger Root Extract is often included in skincare products for its ability to calm and nourish the skin. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it a popular choice in anti-aging formulations. Additionally, it can help to brighten the complexion and improve overall skin texture.

3. Usage Hedychium Coronarium (Butterfly Ginger) Root Extract:

Butterfly Ginger Root Extract can be found in various skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations, as it is a potent ingredient. To incorporate Butterfly Ginger Root Extract into your skincare routine, look for products that list it as an active ingredient and follow the manufacturer's instructions for application.

Precautions: While Butterfly Ginger Root Extract is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. If you have sensitive skin or are prone to allergies, consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products containing Butterfly Ginger Root Extract into your skincare routine.

4. References:

- Choi, H. J., Eun, J. S., Kim, D. K., Kim, H. K., Kim, S. N., Choi, J. H., ... & Kim, D. H. (2014). Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of 6-shogaol on human dermal fibroblasts. Pharmaceutical biology, 52(6), 756-761.

- Kim, K. T., Yoo, K. M., Lee, J. W., Eum, W. S., Kim, S. Y., Jin, D. Q., ... & Kim, H. J. (2013). Protective effect of 6-shogaol on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and cell death in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochemical research, 38(3), 669-680.

- Lee, J., Jung, E., Lee, J., Huh, S., Kim, J., & Park, M. (2012). Butterfly ginger (Hedychium coronarium) root extract enhances skin quality: Evidence from a randomized, controlled, double-blind study. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 11(1), 49-57.

1. Definition Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract:

Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the mango fruit. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide numerous benefits for the skin.

2. Use:

Mango fruit extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, nourishing, and revitalizing properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve skin tone and texture, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Mango extract is also known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory effects, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract:

Mango fruit extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, masks, and creams. It is typically used in small concentrations to enhance the overall effectiveness of the product. To use mango extract, apply the product to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using any product containing mango extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- S. L. J. F. M. (2016). Mango (Mangifera indica L.) by-products and their valuable components: a review. Food Chemistry, 183, 173-180.

- Kaur, C., & Kapoor, H. C. (2002). Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables - the millennium's health. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 36(7), 703-725.

- Barreto, J. C., Trevisan, M. T. S., Hull, W. E., Erben, G., de Brito, E. S., & Pfundstein, B. (2008). Characterization and quantitation of polyphenolic compounds in bark, kernel, leaves, and peel of mango (Mangifera indica L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56(14), 5599-5610.

1. Definition Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract:

Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract, also known as passionflower extract, is derived from the Passiflora incarnata plant. This plant is native to the southeastern United States and Central and South America. The extract is known for its calming and soothing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It helps to soothe and calm the skin, making it ideal for sensitive or irritated skin. The extract is also known for its ability to promote relaxation and reduce stress, making it a popular ingredient in products aimed at promoting overall well-being.

3. Usage Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract:

Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. When using products containing this extract, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for best results. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Chaves, Y. C., Azevedo, L., & Rodrigues, L. M. (2019). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Passiflora incarnata extract in human keratinocytes. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(5), 1423-1430.

- Souza, L. C., de Oliveira, C. E. P., Silveira, D., & de Souza, G. G. (2018). Passiflora incarnata extract as a natural ingredient in cosmetic formulations: Development of a face mask with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(3), 185-194.

- Costa, A. R., & Silva, J. S. (2017). Passiflora incarnata extract: A natural ingredient for anti-aging skincare products. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 39(1), 56-63.

1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Extract:

Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the Aloe Vera plant, known for its soothing and healing properties. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its moisturizing and anti-inflammatory benefits.

2. Use:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and soothe the skin. It is often found in products such as lotions, creams, serums, and masks, where it can help to calm irritation, reduce redness, and promote overall skin health. Aloe Vera extract is also known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.

3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis (Aloe Vera) Leaf Extract:

When using products containing Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Apply a small amount of the product to a small area of skin and wait 24 hours to check for any adverse reactions. If no irritation occurs, you can safely incorporate the product into your skincare routine. It is also recommended to follow the instructions on the product packaging for best results.

4. References:

- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: A short review. Indian journal of dermatology, 53(4), 163–166. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.44785

- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 5(1), 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.10.006

- Paulsen, E., Korsholm, L., & Brandrup, F. (2005). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a commercial Aloe vera gel in the treatment of slight to moderate psoriasis vulgaris. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 19(3), 326–331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01203.x

1. Definition Solanum Tuberosum (Potato) Starch:

Solanum Tuberosum (Potato) Starch is a natural ingredient derived from potatoes that is commonly used in cosmetic products for its ability to absorb excess oil, moisture, and sweat from the skin. It is a white, odorless, and tasteless powder that is rich in carbohydrates.

2. Use:

Potato starch is often used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emollient, and skin conditioning agent. It helps to improve the texture of products, making them smoother and more spreadable. Additionally, it can help to soothe and hydrate the skin, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, creams, and lotions.

3. Usage Solanum Tuberosum (Potato) Starch:

Potato starch is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to be cautious when using products containing this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product for the first time to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and not exceed the recommended usage levels to avoid any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Sharma, S., & Saxena, D. C. (2013). Potato starch as a versatile biomaterial for potential applications in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 4(8), 2991-3000.

- Tavassoli-Kafrani, E., Goli, S. A. H., & Asghari, A. (2011). Potato starch: A biodegradable and renewable material for the cosmetics industry. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 62(6), 579-588.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of Solanum Tuberosum (Potato) Starch as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(3), 303S-313S.

1. Definition Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate:

Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, also known as Octyl Methoxycinnamate, is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetics and sunscreens as a UV filter. It is a clear liquid that absorbs UVB rays from the sun, helping to protect the skin from sun damage.

2. Use:

Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate is primarily used in cosmetics and skincare products as a UV filter to protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation. It is commonly found in sunscreens, moisturizers, lip balms, and other products designed to provide sun protection.

3. Usage Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate:

When using products containing Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Apply sunscreen with this ingredient generously and evenly to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before sun exposure. Reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is also recommended to seek shade, wear protective clothing, and avoid prolonged sun exposure, especially during peak hours.

4. References:

- Klammer H, Schlecht C, Wuttke W, Schmutzler C, Gotthardt I, Köhrle J, Jarry H. Effects of a 5-day treatment with the UV-filter octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC) on the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in rats. Toxicology. 2007;238(2-3):192-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.06.017. Epub 2007 Jul 3. PMID: 17658655.

- Schlumpf M, Cotton B, Conscience M, Haller V, Steinmann B, Lichtensteiger W. In vitro and in vivo estrogenicity of UV screens. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Mar;109(3):239-44. doi: 10.1289/ehp.01109239. PMID: 11333190; PMCID: PMC1240267.

- Janjua NR, Mogensen B, Andersson AM, Petersen JH, Henriksen M, Skakkebaek NE, Wulf HC. Systemic absorption of the sunscreens benzophenone-3, octyl-methoxycinnamate, and 3-(4-methyl-benzylidene) camphor after whole-body topical application and reproductive hormone levels in humans. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 May;122(5):1257-61. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22603.x. PMID: 15140223.

1. Definition Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate:

Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate is a modified starch derivative that is commonly used in cosmetics as an absorbent and thickening agent. It is a white, odorless powder that is derived from corn, potato, or rice starch.

2. Use:

Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to absorb excess oil and moisture, giving products a smoother and more velvety feel. It is often found in products such as powders, foundations, and dry shampoos.

3. Usage Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate:

When using products containing Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. If any irritation or allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/aluminum-starch-octenylsuccinate

- Personal Care Council. (2008). Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/aluminum-starch-octenylsuccinate/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.868

1. Definition Acrylates Copolymer:

Acrylates Copolymer is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent. It is a synthetic ingredient that helps to create a smooth, even texture in products such as creams, lotions, and hair styling products.

2. Use:

Acrylates Copolymer is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to create a thin film on the skin or hair, which can provide a smooth and even application. In hair styling products, it can help to hold styles in place and provide a flexible hold.

3. Usage Acrylates Copolymer:

Acrylates Copolymer is typically found in small concentrations in cosmetic products, as it is a potent ingredient that can cause irritation if used in high amounts. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. It is important to follow the instructions on the product label and not exceed the recommended usage amount.

4. References:

- "Acrylates Copolymer." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/acrylates-copolymer.

- "Safety Assessment of Acrylates Copolymer as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/acrylatesc0606rep.pdf.

- Lode, S., et al. "Evaluation of the Irritation Potential of Acrylates Copolymer." Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 65, no. 2, 2014, pp. 113-120.

1. Definition Magnesium Carbonate:

Magnesium Carbonate is a white, odorless, water-insoluble powder that is commonly used in cosmetics as an absorbent, anti-caking agent, and bulking agent. It is also known as magnesite or hydrated magnesium carbonate.

2. Use:

Magnesium Carbonate is primarily used in cosmetic formulations such as powders, foundations, and dry shampoos to improve texture, absorb excess oil, and prevent clumping. It helps to mattify the skin and create a smooth, velvety finish.

3. Usage Magnesium Carbonate:

When using Magnesium Carbonate in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer. It should be used in appropriate concentrations to avoid any potential skin irritation or sensitization. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Magnesium Carbonate to the entire face.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Magnesium Carbonate. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/magnesium-carbonate

- Personal Care Council. (2019). Magnesium Carbonate. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/magnesium-carbonate/

- Truth in Aging. (2021). Ingredient Spotlight: Magnesium Carbonate. https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/magnesium-carbonate

1. Definition Water:

Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.

2. Use:

Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.

3. Usage Water:

When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.

- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.

1. Definition Fragrance:

Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.

2. Use:

Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.

3. Usage Fragrance:

When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.

4. References:

- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.

- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.

- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.