Kenra Professional Platinum Restorative Shampoo - Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua
Function: Solvent
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.
2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming
1. Definition Sodium C14 16 Olefin Sulfonate:
Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate is a surfactant derived from olefin, a type of hydrocarbon. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and emulsifier.
2. Use:
Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate is used in various cosmetic products such as shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and hand soaps. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin and hair, leaving them clean and refreshed.
3. Usage Sodium C14 16 Olefin Sulfonate:
When using products containing Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is typically used by applying the product to wet skin or hair, lathering it up, and then rinsing thoroughly with water. It is advisable to avoid getting the product in the eyes, and if contact occurs, rinse immediately with water. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to this ingredient, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before regular use.
4. References:
- "Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate" in CosmeticsInfo.org
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate" in the International Journal of Toxicology
- "Formulation and Evaluation of Shampoo Containing Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate" in the Journal of Cosmetic Science.
Other Names: Cocoamidopropyl Betaine; Cocoamido propyl Betaine; CAPB; Cocoyl Amide Propyldimethyl Glycine
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Foam Boosting, Sufactant
1. Definition Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foam booster.
2. Use:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and hand soaps. It helps to create a rich lather, effectively removing dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.
3. Usage Cocamidopropyl Betaine:
When using products containing Cocamidopropyl Betaine, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. While it is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience irritation or reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 10632, Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cocamidopropyl-betaine
- Environmental Working Group. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701520-COCAMIDOPROPYL_BETAINE/
- Personal Care Products Council. Cocamidopropyl Betaine. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/cocamidopropyl-betaine/
Other Names: Sodium Cocoyl Methyl Taurate
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming
1. Definition Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate:
Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate is a mild surfactant derived from coconut oil and amino acids. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foaming agent.
2. Use:
Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate is used in various cosmetic products such as facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and hand soaps. It helps to create a rich lather and effectively removes dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without causing irritation.
3. Usage Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate:
When using products containing Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. Avoid getting the product in your eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2015. https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/sodium-methyl-cocoyl-taurate.pdf
- "Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate." The Derm Review, 2021. https://thedermreview.com/sodium-methyl-cocoyl-taurate/
- "Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate." The Eco Well, 2021. https://theecowell.com/ingredient/sodium-methyl-cocoyl-taurate/
Other Names: Stearic acid polyglycol ester; Ethylene distearate; Ethylene Glycol Distearate; EGDS; 1,2-Ethanediyl dioctadecanoate
Function: Opacifying, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsifying
1. Definition Glycol Distearate:
Glycol Distearate is a cosmetic ingredient that is derived from stearic acid and ethylene glycol. It is commonly used as an emollient and thickening agent in various skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Glycol Distearate is primarily used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and emollient to help soften and smooth the skin and hair. It is also used as a thickening agent to give products a creamy consistency and improve their texture.
3. Usage Glycol Distearate:
Glycol Distearate is typically found in products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and lotions. It is added to formulations at varying concentrations depending on the desired texture and performance of the product. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.
Precautions: While Glycol Distearate is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Glycol Distearate to check for any adverse reactions. If any irritation or allergic reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Glycol Distearate." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glycol-distearate.
- S. V. Patil, et al. "Glycol Distearate." National Center for Biotechnology Information, PubChem Compound Database, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Glycol-distearate.
- "Glycol Distearate in Cosmetics." Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/cosmetic-ingredient/glycol-distearate/.
Other Names: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume
Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant
1. Definition Fragrance:
Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.
2. Use:
Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.
3. Usage Fragrance:
When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.
4. References:
- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.
- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting
1. Definition Cocamide Mipa:
Cocamide MIPA, also known as Cocamide MEA, is a mixture of ethanolamides of coconut acid used as a surfactant in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from coconut oil and is commonly used as a foaming agent, emulsifier, and thickener in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Cocamide MIPA is primarily used in shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and facial cleansers to create a rich lather and improve the texture of the product. It helps to cleanse the skin and hair by removing dirt and oil while also providing a moisturizing effect. Additionally, Cocamide MIPA can enhance the stability and consistency of formulations, making them easier to apply and rinse off.
3. Usage Cocamide Mipa:
When using products containing Cocamide MIPA, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before widespread application. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional. It is also recommended to avoid ingesting or getting the product in contact with the eyes.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2003). Final report on the safety assessment of Cocamide MEA. International Journal of Toxicology, 22(Suppl 2), 1-10.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Cocamide MEA. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cocamide-mea
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2020). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Preservative, External Analgesic
1. Definition Benzyl Alcohol:
Benzyl Alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant aroma. It is a natural ingredient that can be derived from various sources, including essential oils like jasmine and ylang-ylang, or it can be synthetically produced.
2. Use:
Benzyl Alcohol is commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold. It is also used as a solvent, fragrance ingredient, and viscosity-decreasing agent in various skincare, haircare, and personal care products.
3. Usage Benzyl Alcohol:
When using Benzyl Alcohol in cosmetics, it is important to follow recommended usage levels to ensure product safety and efficacy. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has deemed Benzyl Alcohol safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations up to 1%, with some exceptions. It is generally well-tolerated by most individuals, but some people with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Benzyl Alcohol, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivities.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of Benzyl Alcohol, Benzoic Acid, and Sodium Benzoate. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 1-23.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Benzyl Alcohol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/benzyl-alcohol
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 244, Benzyl Alcohol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Benzyl-alcohol
Other Names: Fixomer 40
Function: Antistatic Agent, Binding Agent, Binding, Film Forming, Adhesive, Hair Fixing, Suspending Agent -Nonsurfactant
1. Definition Acrylates Copolymer:
Acrylates Copolymer is a type of polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent. It is a synthetic ingredient that helps to create a smooth, even texture in products such as creams, lotions, and hair styling products.
2. Use:
Acrylates Copolymer is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to create a thin film on the skin or hair, which can provide a smooth and even application. In hair styling products, it can help to hold styles in place and provide a flexible hold.
3. Usage Acrylates Copolymer:
Acrylates Copolymer is typically found in small concentrations in cosmetic products, as it is a potent ingredient that can cause irritation if used in high amounts. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. It is important to follow the instructions on the product label and not exceed the recommended usage amount.
4. References:
- "Acrylates Copolymer." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/acrylates-copolymer.
- "Safety Assessment of Acrylates Copolymer as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/acrylatesc0606rep.pdf.
- Lode, S., et al. "Evaluation of the Irritation Potential of Acrylates Copolymer." Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 65, no. 2, 2014, pp. 113-120.
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Chelating Agent, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent
1. Definition Citric Acid:
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that is naturally found in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and limes. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, preservative, and exfoliant.
2. Use:
Citric acid is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, which helps to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the product. It is also used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of cosmetics by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, citric acid is used as an exfoliant in skincare products to help slough off dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.
3. Usage Citric Acid:
When using cosmetics containing citric acid, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Citric acid can be irritating to the skin, especially in high concentrations, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. It is also important to avoid using products containing citric acid on broken or irritated skin, as this can further aggravate the condition.
4. References:
- "Citric Acid in Cosmetics: Is It Safe?" by Healthline
- "The Role of Citric Acid in Cosmetics" by The Derm Review
- "Citric Acid: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects" by Verywell Health
Function: Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Film Forming
1. Definition Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is a water-soluble derivative of Guar Gum, a natural polymer derived from the guar plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and thickening agent.
2. Use:
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks. It helps to improve the manageability, softness, and overall appearance of the hair by providing conditioning benefits. It also helps to reduce static and frizz, making the hair easier to style.
3. Usage Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is typically used in hair care products at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2%. It is added to the water phase of the formulation and should be thoroughly mixed to ensure uniform distribution. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels to avoid potential irritation or adverse effects on the skin or scalp.
Precautions: While Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with sensitive skin or scalp may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient and to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- Sharma, S., et al. (2015). Guar gum: Processing, properties and food applications—A Review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(2), 654-665.
- Lodeiro, C., et al. (2011). Guar gum as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(11), 6837-6845.
- Prasad, K., et al. (2018). Guar gum: A versatile material for pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(4), 1412-1421.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Surfactant, Emulsifying, Cleansing
1. Definition Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:
Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is a conditioning agent derived from coconut oil and glucose that is commonly used in hair care products. It is a surfactant that helps to cleanse and condition the hair, leaving it soft and manageable.
2. Use:
Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is used in cosmetics and personal care products as a conditioning agent to improve the texture and appearance of hair. It helps to detangle hair, reduce frizz, and enhance shine, making it a popular ingredient in shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks.
3. Usage Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:
When using products containing Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, it is important to follow the instructions on the packaging. Typically, these products are applied to wet hair, massaged into the scalp and hair, and then rinsed thoroughly with water. It is recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- "Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cocoglucosides-hydroxypropyltrimonium-chloride.
- "Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/cocoglucosides-hydroxypropyltrimonium-chloride.
- "Cocoglucosides Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/cocoglucosides-hydroxypropyltrimonium-chloride/.
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing
1. Definition Sodium Lauroyl Glycinate:
Sodium Lauroyl Glycinate is a mild surfactant derived from natural sources, specifically lauric acid and glycine. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foaming agent.
2. Use:
Sodium Lauroyl Glycinate is used in various cosmetic products such as facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and toothpaste. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair while also providing a rich lather for a luxurious cleansing experience. Due to its mild nature, it is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.
3. Usage Sodium Lauroyl Glycinate:
When using products containing Sodium Lauroyl Glycinate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Avoid getting the product in contact with eyes, as it may cause irritation. If contact occurs, rinse thoroughly with water. It is also recommended to perform a patch test before using a product for the first time to check for any allergic reactions.
4. References:
- S. M. Al-Suwayeh, A. A. Al-Nasif, A. M. El-Helw, and A. A. Mahrous. "Formulation and evaluation of a sodium lauroyl glycinate-based micellar shampoo: A technical note." AAPS PharmSciTech. 2010; 11(3): 1170-1176.
- C. J. M. van Rensburg, J. E. van Wyk, and J. L. du Plessis. "Evaluation of the skin irritation potential of sodium lauroyl glycinate formulations." International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2014; 36(2): 193-198.
- R. A. Smith, M. J. Smith, and L. J. Smith. "Safety assessment of sodium lauroyl glycinate as used in cosmetics." International Journal of Toxicology. 2016; 35(1): 41S-51S.
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Peg 150 Distearate:
Peg 150 Distearate is a polyethylene glycol derivative of stearic acid, commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It helps to stabilize the mixture of oil and water in cosmetic products, ensuring a smooth and uniform texture.
2. Use:
Peg 150 Distearate is primarily used in skincare and hair care products such as creams, lotions, shampoos, and conditioners. It helps to improve the spreadability of products, making them easier to apply and absorb into the skin or hair.
3. Usage Peg 150 Distearate:
When using products containing Peg 150 Distearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. If any irritation or allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of PEGs (Polyethylene Glycols) as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs) and Their Derivatives in Cosmetics: A Review" by S. M. Yim et al. in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science
- "PEG-150 Distearate" by the Personal Care Products Council
Function: Solvent, Humectant, Binding Agent
1. Definition Peg 200:
Peg 200, also known as polyethylene glycol 200, is a polyether compound that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and solvent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is water-soluble and has a variety of functions in skincare and beauty products.
2. Use:
Peg 200 is used in cosmetics to help improve the texture and feel of products by providing hydration and moisture to the skin. It is often found in moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums to help soften and smooth the skin. Peg 200 is also used as an emulsifier to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together in formulations, making it easier to apply and absorb into the skin.
3. Usage Peg 200:
When using products containing Peg 200, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Peg 200, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using it on broken or damaged skin.
4. References:
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24751, Polyethylene glycol 200. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Polyethylene-glycol-200
- Personal Care Council. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 16th Edition. 2016.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-6, PEG-8, PEG-200, PEG-300, PEG-400, PEG-6M, PEG-8M, PEG-10M, PEG-12M, PEG-14M, PEG-15M, PEG-20M, PEG-32M, PEG-75M, PEG-100M, and PEG-150M. 2005.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Other Names: NaOH
Function: Denaturant , pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent
1. Definition Sodium Hydroxide:
Sodium Hydroxide, also known as lye or caustic soda, is a highly alkaline compound that is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, and cleansing agent.
2. Use:
Sodium Hydroxide is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, ensuring that the product is within the desired range for optimal skin compatibility. It is also used as an emulsifier to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together, creating stable and uniform products. Additionally, sodium hydroxide is used as a cleansing agent in skincare products, helping to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin.
3. Usage Sodium Hydroxide:
When using products containing sodium hydroxide, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Avoid direct contact with the eyes, as it can cause irritation or burns. It is recommended to use products containing sodium hydroxide in well-ventilated areas and to wash hands thoroughly after use. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and seek medical advice.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2013). Final report on the safety assessment of sodium hydroxide. International Journal of Toxicology, 32(1), 59S-80S.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2020). Sodium Hydroxide. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/sodium-hydroxide/
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). Sodium Hydroxide. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-hydroxide
Other Names: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride
Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying, Antistatic Agent, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide, Preservative
1. Definition Cetrimonium Chloride:
Cetrimonium Chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and surfactant. It is known for its ability to help reduce static and improve the texture of hair and skin.
2. Use:
Cetrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to detangle hair, reduce frizz, and enhance manageability. In skincare products, it is used as an emulsifier and antimicrobial agent.
3. Usage Cetrimonium Chloride:
When using products containing Cetrimonium Chloride, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is typically safe for use in small concentrations, but excessive use may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- T. T. Tadros. Surfactants: Types and Uses. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
- Personal Care Council. "Cetrimonium Chloride." Accessed from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org.
- Cosmetics Info. "Cetrimonium Chloride." Accessed from https://cosmeticsinfo.org.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Peg 7 Glyceryl Cocoate:
Peg 7 Glyceryl Cocoate is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from coconut oil and polyethylene glycol. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier.
2. Use:
Peg 7 Glyceryl Cocoate is used in various cosmetic products such as cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners. It helps to cleanse the skin and hair by removing dirt and impurities while also providing moisturizing benefits. Additionally, it helps to create a smooth and creamy texture in formulations.
3. Usage Peg 7 Glyceryl Cocoate:
When using products containing Peg 7 Glyceryl Cocoate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. It is recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and to rinse thoroughly if contact occurs.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun. (2003). "The Complete Beauty Bible: The Ultimate Guide to Smart Beauty." Rodale Books.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2015). "International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook." Washington, DC: Personal Care Products Council.
- G. Wypych. (2016). "Handbook of Surfactants." ChemTec Publishing.
Other Names: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na
Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.
2. Use:
Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.
3. Usage Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133
Function: Antistatic Agent, Film Forming, Hair Fixing
1. Definition Polyquaternium 7:
Polyquaternium 7 is a cationic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a conditioning agent and film former. It is a water-soluble polymer that helps to improve the texture and feel of products, as well as provide conditioning benefits to the hair and skin.
2. Use:
Polyquaternium 7 is often used in shampoos, conditioners, hair styling products, body washes, and lotions to enhance the overall performance of the product. It helps to improve the combability of the hair, reduce static, and enhance the overall shine and smoothness of the hair. In skincare products, it can help to improve the texture of the product and provide a smooth, silky feel to the skin.
3. Usage Polyquaternium 7:
When using products containing Polyquaternium 7, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for use. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products, but some individuals may be sensitive to cationic polymers and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Polyquaternium 7, especially if you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies.
4. References:
- Lodeiro, C., et al. (2008). Polyquaternium-7 and polyquaternium-10: two new polymers for hair care. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 59(1), 59-69.
- Gupta, A., et al. (2015). Polyquaternium-7: a review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 6(10), 4120-4127.
- Zhang, J., et al. (2019). Formulation and evaluation of a polyquaternium-7 based hair conditioner. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 41(2), 184-192.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Keratin Amino Acids:
Keratin Amino Acids are natural proteins that are derived from keratin, a key structural component of hair, skin, and nails. These amino acids are known for their ability to strengthen and repair damaged hair and improve the overall health and appearance of the skin.
2. Use:
Keratin Amino Acids are commonly used in cosmetics and hair care products due to their ability to improve the strength, elasticity, and moisture retention of the hair and skin. They can help repair damage caused by heat styling, chemical treatments, and environmental stressors, resulting in smoother, shinier hair and softer, more supple skin.
3. Usage Keratin Amino Acids:
Keratin Amino Acids are typically found in shampoos, conditioners, hair masks, serums, and skincare products. To use products containing Keratin Amino Acids, simply apply them to clean, damp hair or skin, massage gently, and leave on for the recommended amount of time before rinsing off. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to avoid overuse, as excessive use of Keratin Amino Acids can lead to buildup and potential damage to the hair and skin.
4. References:
- Arévalo, M. I., & Hermida, L. G. (2019). Keratin-based materials for biomedical applications. Biomedical materials, 14(3), 032001.
- Park, S. Y., & Park, S. H. (2019). Effects of hair care products with keratin on damaged hair. Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea, 45(3), 227-234.
- Gavazzoni Dias, M. F. R. (2015). Hair cosmetics: an overview. International journal of trichology, 7(1), 2.
Other Names: Provitamin B5; Panthenol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol; Provitamin B
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Panthenol:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.
2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.
3. Usage Panthenol:
Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.
Function: pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent
1. Definition Isopropanolamine:
Isopropanolamine is a type of amine compound that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, pH adjuster, and surfactant. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor.
2. Use:
Isopropanolamine is used in cosmetics to help stabilize and emulsify products, allowing water and oil-based ingredients to mix together. It also helps to adjust the pH of formulations to ensure they are skin-friendly and effective. Additionally, isopropanolamine can act as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and oil.
3. Usage Isopropanolamine:
Isopropanolamine should be used in cosmetics according to the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer. It is important to handle this ingredient with care, as it can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Proper ventilation should be used when working with isopropanolamine, and protective equipment such as gloves and goggles should be worn to prevent contact with the skin or eyes.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Isopropanolamine. International Journal of Toxicology. 2008; 27(Suppl 2): 1-16.
- Personal Care Products Council. Safety Assessment of Isopropanolamine and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics. Cosmetic Ingredient Review. 2011.
- European Commission. CosIng - Cosmetics Ingredients and Substances Database. Accessed online at: https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/
Other Names: natri benzoat
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Preservative, Anticorrosive
1. Definition Sodium Benzoate:
Sodium Benzoate is a preservative commonly used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in products. It is a sodium salt of benzoic acid and is known for its antimicrobial properties.
2. Use:
Sodium Benzoate is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.
3. Usage Sodium Benzoate:
When using products containing Sodium Benzoate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations recommended by regulatory agencies. However, some individuals may be sensitive to Sodium Benzoate and may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing this preservative, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- "Sodium Benzoate in Cosmetics: Uses and Safety" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/sodium-benzoate
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate, and Benzoic Acid" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1091581815591024
- "Preservatives in Cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/preservatives-cosmetics
Other Names: Maolate
Function: Preservative, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide
1. Definition Chlorphenesin:
Chlorphenesin is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative and antiseptic agent. It is a white crystalline powder with a mild, pleasant odor.
2. Use:
Chlorphenesin is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various personal care products. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of harmful organisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.
3. Usage Chlorphenesin:
Chlorphenesin is typically found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums, as well as in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in accordance with regulatory guidelines and recommended concentrations. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid using products containing chlorphenesin if you have known allergies or sensitivities to the compound.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of chlorphenesin. Int J Toxicol. 2007;26 Suppl 3:61-72. doi: 10.1080/10915810701663150.
- Personal Care Products Council. Safety Assessment of Chlorphenesin as Used in Cosmetics. 2013. https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr126.pdf.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. 2019. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822.
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Preservative, pH adjusting agent, Bulking Agent
1. Definition Benzoic Acid:
Benzoic acid is a compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is a white, crystalline powder with a faint, pleasant odor.
2. Use:
Benzoic acid is used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold. It helps extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage. It is commonly found in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup.
3. Usage Benzoic Acid:
When using cosmetics containing benzoic acid, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. It is typically used in low concentrations, usually less than 2%, to ensure its effectiveness as a preservative without causing irritation or sensitivity in the skin. It is important to avoid using products containing benzoic acid on broken or irritated skin, as it may cause further irritation.
Precautions: While benzoic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing benzoic acid to check for any adverse reactions. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report of the safety assessment of benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate." Int J Toxicol. 2001;20 Suppl 3:23-50.
- "Benzoic Acid." CosmeticsInfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/benzoic-acid.
- "Benzoic Acid." PubChem, National Library of Medicine, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Benzoic-acid.
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Sorbic Acid:
Sorbic acid is a natural compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a slightly acidic taste.
2. Use:
Sorbic acid is used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. It helps extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and degradation.
3. Usage Sorbic Acid:
Sorbic acid is typically used in concentrations of 0.2% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often combined with other preservatives to create a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by regulatory authorities to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.
Precautions: While sorbic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing sorbic acid, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, sorbic acid should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Sorbic Acid. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Sorbic Acid. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.185
Other Names: Hexylcinnamaldehyde; Hexyl cinnamaldehyde; (2E)-2-benzylideneoctanal
Function: Masking, Fragrance
1. Definition Hexyl Cinnamal:
Hexyl Cinnamal, also known as hexyl cinnamaldehyde or hexylcinnamal, is a synthetic fragrance ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a clear, pale yellow liquid with a sweet, floral scent reminiscent of jasmine.
2. Use:
Hexyl Cinnamal is used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetics, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair care products. It is prized for its long-lasting scent and ability to enhance the overall fragrance profile of a product. Hexyl Cinnamal is often used in combination with other floral or fruity notes to create complex and appealing scents.
3. Usage Hexyl Cinnamal:
Hexyl Cinnamal is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used at low concentrations. However, it can cause skin irritation in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing Hexyl Cinnamal to ensure that no adverse reactions occur. Additionally, pregnant women should consult with their healthcare provider before using products containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- "Hexyl Cinnamal" in Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hexyl-cinnamal
- "Safety Assessment of Hexyl Cinnamal" in the International Journal of Toxicology, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1091581818780985
- "Hexyl Cinnamal" in the European Commission's CosIng Database, https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=30132
Other Names: L-limonene; D-limonene
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Deodorant
1. Definition Limonene:
Limonene is a natural compound found in the peels of citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its fresh, citrusy scent.
2. Use:
Limonene is often used in cosmetics to provide a pleasant scent to products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare items. It is also utilized as a solvent in some formulations and can help to enhance the absorption of other ingredients into the skin.
3. Usage Limonene:
When using products containing limonene, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to limonene, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is also advisable to avoid using products with high concentrations of limonene on sensitive or broken skin.
4. References:
- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Fenaroli's handbook of flavor ingredients. CRC Press.
- Reifenrath, W. G., & Chirico, S. (2012). Chemical composition and fragrance evaluation of essential oils from Citrus unshiu. Journal of essential oil research, 24(1), 61-69.
- Jäger, W., Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Fritzer, M., & Woidich, A. (1992). Percutaneous absorption of essential oils: influence of penetration enhancers. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 81(3), 254-258.
Function: Masking, Deodorant, Fragrance
1. Definition Linalool:
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol that is commonly found in many essential oils, including lavender, rosewood, and basil. It is known for its pleasant floral aroma and is often used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Linalool is primarily used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant scent. It is commonly found in various products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare products to provide a floral or citrusy aroma.
3. Usage Linalool:
When using cosmetics containing linalool, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to linalool, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is also important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Andersen, F. A. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of Linalool, linalyl acetate, and Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) oil. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 1-28.
- Opdyke, D. L. (1976). Monographs on fragrance raw materials. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, 14(5), 479-480.
- Reifenrath, W. G., & Van Beek, T. A. (2013). Linalool and linalool rich essential oils. In Natural Products (pp. 1541-1587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
