lavera naturkosmetik Basis Sensitive Gentle Care Savon Liquide - Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua
Function: Solvent
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.
2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying, Cleansing
1. Definition Sodium Coco Sulfate:
Sodium Coco Sulfate is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and is commonly used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent and foaming agent. It is a milder alternative to Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and is often used in natural and organic beauty products.
2. Use:
Sodium Coco Sulfate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, and toothpaste. It helps to create a rich lather that effectively removes dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair. Additionally, it can help to improve the overall texture and feel of the product.
3. Usage Sodium Coco Sulfate:
When using products containing Sodium Coco Sulfate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or dryness. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin. Avoid getting the product in your eyes, as it may cause irritation. If irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Sodium Coco Sulfate. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sodium-coco-sulfate
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Sodium Coco Sulfate. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/sodium-coco-sulfate/
- Environmental Working Group. (n.d.). Sodium Coco Sulfate. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/704993-sodium-coco-sulfate/
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming
1. Definition Coco Glucoside:
Coco Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from coconut oil and glucose. It is a gentle cleansing agent that is often used in skincare and hair care products due to its ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities without stripping the skin or hair of its natural oils.
2. Use:
Coco Glucoside is commonly used in a variety of cosmetic products such as cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products. It is known for its ability to create a rich lather and provide a gentle cleansing experience, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Coco Glucoside:
When using products containing Coco Glucoside, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is generally considered safe for use on all skin types, including sensitive skin. However, as with any new skincare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid contact with the eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.
4. References:
- "Coco Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/coco-glucoside/.
- "Coco Glucoside." Skin Deep Cosmetics Database, www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/702450-COCO-GLUCOSIDE/.
- "Coco Glucoside: A Gentle Cleansing Agent for Skin and Hair." Formulator Sample Shop, www.formulatorsampleshop.com/Coco-Glucoside-p/coco-glucoside.htm.
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing
1. Definition Lauryl Glucoside:
Lauryl Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and sugar. It is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a cleansing agent and emulsifier.
2. Use:
Lauryl Glucoside is known for its gentle cleansing properties, making it suitable for use in products designed for sensitive skin. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin without causing irritation. Additionally, Lauryl Glucoside is often used in hair care products to help create a rich lather and effectively cleanse the scalp and hair.
3. Usage Lauryl Glucoside:
When using products containing Lauryl Glucoside, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. While Lauryl Glucoside is considered safe for most individuals, those with extremely sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before using products containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- "Lauryl Glucoside" - Cosmeticsinfo.org
- "Lauryl Glucoside: A Gentle Surfactant for Sensitive Skin" - The Derm Review
- "Formulating with Lauryl Glucoside" - Personal Care Magazine
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, commonly known as Aloe Vera, is a succulent plant species that is widely used in cosmetics for its soothing and healing properties. The juice is extracted from the fleshy leaves of the plant and is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
2. Use:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties. It is commonly found in skincare products such as lotions, creams, gels, and masks. Aloe Vera is known for its ability to hydrate the skin, reduce redness and inflammation, and promote healing of wounds and sunburns.
3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice can be applied topically to the skin as needed. It is generally safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Aloe Vera to ensure there is no allergic reaction. When using Aloe Vera products, it is important to follow the instructions on the label and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe Vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163–166.
- Radha, M. H., Laxmipriya, N. P., & Amin, M. (2015). Aloe Vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 60(3), 260–268.
- Reynolds, T., & Dweck, A. C. (1999). Aloe Vera leaf gel: a review update. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 68(1-3), 3–37.
Other Names: Lemon Balm Leaf Extract
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract:
Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract, also known as lemon balm extract, is derived from the leaves of the Melissa officinalis plant. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its soothing and calming properties.
2. Use:
Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract is valued for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products designed to soothe and protect the skin. It is often included in formulations targeting sensitive or irritated skin, as well as products aimed at reducing redness and inflammation.
3. Usage Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract:
When using products containing Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. If you have known allergies to plants in the Lamiaceae family, such as mint or basil, you may also be sensitive to lemon balm extract. Additionally, it is always recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns.
4. References:
- Naveed, M., Hejazi, V., Abbas, M., Kamboh, A. A., Khan, G. J., Shumzaid, M., ... & Khan, S. (2018). Chlorogenic acid (CGA): A pharmacological review and call for further research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 97, 67-74.
- Dastmalchi, K., Dorman, H. D., Laakso, I., Hiltunen, R., & Tikkanen, M. J. (2008). Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidative activity of a lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) extract. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 41(3), 391-400.
- Shakeri, A., Sahebkar, A., Javadi, B., & Melissa officinalis, L. (2016). A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 188, 204-228.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Perfuming, Fragrance, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Occlusive
1. Definition Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is an extract derived from the flowers of the Chamomilla Recutita plant, also known as German chamomile. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is used in skincare products for its calming and anti-irritant properties. It is often included in formulations designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, chamomile extract is known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used at a concentration of 0.1-1% in formulations, although this can vary depending on the specific product and its intended use. When using products containing chamomile extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, individuals with allergies to plants in the Asteraceae family (such as ragweed or marigolds) should exercise caution when using products with chamomile extract.
4. References:
- Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1;3(6):895-901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377.
- Reuter J, Huyke C, Casetti F, Theek C, Frank U, Augustin M. Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2008 May;6(5):428-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2008.06605.x.
- Keane KM, Calton EK, Cruzat VF, Soares MJ, Newsholme P. The impact of cryopreservation on human peripheral blood leucocyte bioenergetics. Clin Sci (Lond). 2015 Apr;128(8):723-33. doi: 10.1042/CS20140521.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Cosmetic Astringent
1. Definition Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract:
Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract is a natural extract derived from the leaves of the Witch Hazel plant. It is known for its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Witch Hazel Leaf Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to tighten pores, reduce inflammation, and soothe irritated skin. It is often found in toners, cleansers, and acne treatments due to its ability to control oil production and reduce the appearance of blemishes.
3. Usage Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract:
When using products containing Witch Hazel Leaf Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions or sensitivities to the ingredient. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to use products with lower concentrations of Witch Hazel or consult with a dermatologist before use.
Precautions: While Witch Hazel Leaf Extract is considered safe for topical use, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions, so it is important to monitor your skin for any adverse effects. Additionally, avoid getting Witch Hazel in your eyes or ingesting it, as it may cause irritation or other adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Dweck, A. C. (2002). The use of witch hazel in dermatology and skin care. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 13(3), 119-126.
- Thring, T. S., Hili, P., & Naughton, D. P. (2011). Antioxidant and potential anti-inflammatory activity of extracts and formulations of white tea, rose, and witch hazel on primary human dermal fibroblast cells. Journal of Inflammation, 8(1), 27.
- Reuter, J., Merfort, I., & Schempp, C. M. (2010). Botanicals in dermatology: an evidence-based review. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 11(4), 247-267.
Other Names: Maris sal; Dead Sea Salt
Function: Masking, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Abrasive, Bulking Agent
1. Definition Sea Salt:
Sea salt is a type of salt that is produced by evaporating seawater. It contains minerals and trace elements that are beneficial for the skin, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Sea salt is commonly used in cosmetics for its exfoliating properties. It helps to remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and improve skin texture. Sea salt is also known for its ability to detoxify the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health.
3. Usage Sea Salt:
Sea salt can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including scrubs, masks, bath salts, and soaps. When using products containing sea salt, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin to ensure compatibility and to avoid any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to avoid using sea salt products on broken or irritated skin to prevent further irritation.
4. References:
- Kaur, C., & Kapoor, H. (2001). Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables - the millennium's health. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 36(7), 703-725.
- Gomes, A., Fernandes, E., & Lima, J. L. F. C. (2005). Fluorescence probes used for detection of reactive oxygen species. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods, 65(2-3), 45-80.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). Cosmeceuticals: Procedures in Cosmetic Dermatology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing
1. Definition Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate:
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate is a surfactant derived from coconut oil and fermented sugar. It is a gentle cleansing agent that helps to create a lather in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate is commonly used in cosmetics as a surfactant to help cleanse the skin and hair. It is often found in facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and other personal care products. Due to its mild nature, it is suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate:
Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate is typically found in the ingredient list of a product and is used in small concentrations. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair without stripping away natural oils. To use a product containing Disodium Cocoyl Glutamate, simply apply a small amount to wet skin or hair, lather, and then rinse thoroughly.
4. References:
- Y. Nishimura, T. Yoshino, Y. Tsuru, T. Koga, T. Matsuyama, and M. Tanaka, "The effect of disodium cocoyl glutamate on the skin barrier function and the prevention of skin irritation," Journal of Dermatological Science, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 140-145, 2009.
- S. N. Kim, S. H. Kim, and J. H. Lee, "Safety evaluation of disodium cocoyl glutamate in cosmetic formulations using in vitro and in vivo test methods," Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, vol. 74, no. 12, pp. 769-778, 2011.
- M. S. Lee, J. Y. Kim, and S. H. Kim, "Formulation and evaluation of a mild foaming cleanser containing disodium cocoyl glutamate," International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 67-73, 2011.
Other Names: Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl Alcohol; C16-18 Alcohols
Function: Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous
1. Definition Cetearyl Alcohol:
Cetearyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and carrying agent for other ingredients.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Alcohol is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and hair conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, as well as improve the texture and consistency of the product. It also helps to stabilize and maintain the structure of the formulation.
3. Usage Cetearyl Alcohol:
When using products containing Cetearyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Cetearyl Alcohol, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to follow the instructions for use provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective application.
4. References:
- "Cetearyl Alcohol" by Paula Begoun, Cosmetics Cop, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol.html
- "Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Safe or Harmful?" by Dr. Anvita Arora, Dermatologist, https://www.dranvitaarora.com/cetearyl-alcohol-in-cosmetics-safe-or-harmful/
- "The Role of Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cetearylcir.pdf
Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Glyceryl Oleate:
Glyceryl Oleate is an ester of glycerin and oleic acid, commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier. It is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a faint odor.
2. Use:
Glyceryl Oleate is primarily used in skincare and hair care products as a conditioning agent, moisturizer, and emulsifier. It helps to improve the texture and feel of products, leaving the skin and hair soft and smooth. It is often found in creams, lotions, shampoos, and conditioners.
3. Usage Glyceryl Oleate:
Glyceryl Oleate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in cosmetic formulations. It is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying to the entire area to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.
4. References:
- "Glyceryl Oleate." Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glyceryl-oleate.
- "Glyceryl Oleate." The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/glyceryl-oleate/.
- "Glyceryl Oleate." Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/glyceryl-oleate.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Glyceryl Caprylate:
Glyceryl Caprylate is a multifunctional ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and preservative. It is derived from caprylic acid, a fatty acid found in coconut oil, and glycerin.
2. Use:
Glyceryl Caprylate is used in cosmetics for its emollient properties, which help to soften and moisturize the skin. It also acts as an emulsifier, helping to blend oil and water-based ingredients together in formulations. Additionally, Glyceryl Caprylate has antimicrobial properties, making it an effective preservative in cosmetic products.
3. Usage Glyceryl Caprylate:
Glyceryl Caprylate is commonly found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It is used in concentrations typically ranging from 0.5% to 2%. When using products containing Glyceryl Caprylate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and patch test the product on a small area of skin before applying it to a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities.
4. References:
- "Glyceryl Caprylate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glyceryl-caprylate.
- "Glyceryl Caprylate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/glyceryl-caprylate/.
- "Glyceryl Caprylate." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/glyceryl-caprylate.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent
1. Definition Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil:
Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil is a derivative of rapeseed oil that has undergone hydrogenation, a process that involves the addition of hydrogen to the oil in order to solidify it. This results in a semi-solid or solid fat that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, or thickening agent.
2. Use:
Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil is a versatile ingredient in cosmetics due to its ability to moisturize and soften the skin. It is often found in creams, lotions, and balms where it helps to create a smooth and creamy texture. Additionally, it can also improve the stability and shelf life of cosmetic products by preventing the separation of ingredients.
3. Usage Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil:
When using products containing Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to rapeseed oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin to ensure compatibility. Additionally, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is advisable to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper use and storage to maintain the quality and efficacy of the product.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of Brassica-derived ingredients as used in cosmetics." International Journal of Toxicology 2007; 26(Suppl 1): 1-109.
- "Hydrogenation." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydrogenation.
- "Rapeseed Oil Benefits for Skin and Hair." Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/rapeseed-oil.
Function: Surfactant, Cleansing, Foaming
1. Definition Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate:
Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate is a surfactant and emulsifying agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a combination of cetearyl alcohol and sulfuric acid, which helps to cleanse and emulsify oils and dirt from the skin.
2. Use:
Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, shampoos, and cleansers. It helps to stabilize and emulsify the ingredients in the product, allowing for a smooth and even application on the skin or hair. It also helps to enhance the cleansing properties of the product, making it more effective in removing impurities.
3. Usage Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate:
When using products containing Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area. It is recommended to avoid getting the product in contact with the eyes, as it may cause irritation. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetyl Alcohol, Isostearyl Alcohol, Myristyl Alcohol, and Behenyl Alcohol as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetearyl-alcohol.
- "Cetearyl Alcohol and Cetearyl Glucoside." Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol-and-cetearyl-glucoside.
- "Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/sodium-cetearyl-sulfate.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Surfactant, Emulsifying
1. Definition Glyceryl Undecylenate:
Glyceryl Undecylenate is an ester derived from glycerin and undecylenic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Glyceryl Undecylenate is primarily used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and cleansers due to its moisturizing properties. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an ideal ingredient for products targeting dry or sensitive skin.
3. Usage Glyceryl Undecylenate:
When using products containing Glyceryl Undecylenate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- "Glyceryl Undecylenate" Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glyceryl-undecylenate
- "Undecylenic Acid" Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/skin-soothing/undecylenic-acid
- "Glyceryl Undecylenate" The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/glyceryl-undecylenate/
Other Names: Tocopherol; Vit E; vitamin E; α-Tocopherol; Alpha-tocopherol
1. Definition Tocopherol:
Tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its antioxidant properties. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.
2. Use:
Tocopherol is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, as well as to protect it from UV damage. It is often included in anti-aging products due to its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Tocopherol is also known for its soothing and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin.
3. Usage Tocopherol:
Tocopherol can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, eye creams, and sunscreens. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is important to patch test products containing tocopherol before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Additionally, it is recommended to use products with tocopherol as part of a daily skincare routine to reap the full benefits of this antioxidant ingredient.
4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate:
Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate is a mixture of esters derived from hydrogenated palm oil and citric acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and surfactant.
2. Use:
Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate is used in various cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and makeup to improve the texture and consistency of the product. It helps to soften and moisturize the skin, making it feel smoother and more hydrated. Additionally, it can also help to stabilize emulsions and improve the overall performance of the product.
3. Usage Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate:
Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate is typically used in cosmetic formulations at concentrations ranging from 1-5%. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but as with any ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of skin to ensure compatibility. It is recommended to follow the guidelines provided by the manufacturer and to consult with a dermatologist if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- "Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydrogenated-palm-glycerides-citrate.
- "Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/hydrogenated-palm-glycerides-citrate/.
- "Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides Citrate." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/hydrogenated-palm-glycerides-citrate.
Other Names: phosphatidylcholine; Lecithin; Lecithins; Soy Lecithin; Soybean Lecithin; Soya Lecithin
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antistatic Agent, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Lecithin:
Lecithin is a naturally occurring fatty substance that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier. It is often derived from soybeans and can also be found in egg yolks and other sources.
2. Use:
Lecithin is used in cosmetics to help improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as to moisturize and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, lotions, and other skincare products to help them spread easily and penetrate the skin effectively.
3. Usage Lecithin:
When using products containing lecithin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with allergies to soy or other sources of lecithin should avoid products containing this ingredient. It is also recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Magdassi, S., & Garti, N. (1999). Lecithin-based emulsions. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 4(5), 311-316.
- Barauskas, J., & Nylander, T. (2005). Lecithin-based microemulsions. Langmuir, 21(2), 597-601.
- Komaiko, J. S., & McClements, D. J. (2016). Low-energy formation of edible nanoemulsions: Factors influencing droplet size produced by emulsion phase inversion. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 434, 8-20.
Other Names: Ascorbyl Pamitate
Function: Masking, Antioxidant
1. Definition Ascorbyl Palmitate:
Ascorbyl Palmitate is a synthetic compound derived from ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) and palmitic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties and ability to boost collagen production.
2. Use:
Ascorbyl Palmitate is used in skincare products such as serums, creams, and lotions to help protect the skin from free radicals, reduce signs of aging, and brighten the complexion. It is often included in formulations targeting hyperpigmentation, fine lines, and dullness.
3. Usage Ascorbyl Palmitate:
Ascorbyl Palmitate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.3% to 3%. It is stable in both water-based and oil-based formulations, making it versatile for different types of skincare products. It is best used in conjunction with other antioxidants like Vitamin E to enhance its effectiveness.
Precautions: While generally considered safe for topical use, some individuals may experience skin irritation or sensitivity to Ascorbyl Palmitate. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is important to store products with Ascorbyl Palmitate in a cool, dark place to prevent degradation and maintain potency.
4. References:
- Telang, P. S. (2013). Vitamin C in dermatology. Indian dermatology online journal, 4(2), 143–146.
- Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017). The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health. Nutrients, 9(8), 866.
- Campos, P. M. B. G. M., & Gonçalves, G. M. (2008). Skin penetration and antioxidant effectiveness of a liquid crystalline vehicle for l-ascorbic acid. International journal of cosmetic science, 30(6), 413–421.
Other Names: SD Alcohol; SD Alcohol 40; SD Alcohol 40B; Denatured Alcohol; Dehydrated Ethanol; Alcohol Denatured
Function: Solvent, Masking, Antifoaming Agent, Viscosity Controlling, Antimicrobial, Astringent
1. Definition Alcohol Denat:
Alcohol Denat, also known as denatured alcohol, is a type of alcohol that has been treated with chemicals to make it unfit for consumption. It is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a solvent, astringent, and preservative.
2. Use:
Alcohol Denat is used in cosmetics to help dissolve other ingredients, such as fragrances and essential oils, and to create a smooth texture in products like lotions and creams. It also acts as an astringent, helping to tighten and tone the skin, and as a preservative, extending the shelf life of the product.
3. Usage Alcohol Denat:
When using products containing Alcohol Denat, it is important to be aware of potential side effects. Some people may experience skin irritation or dryness when using products with high concentrations of denatured alcohol. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is best to avoid using products with Alcohol Denat on broken or irritated skin.
4. References:
- "Denatured Alcohol in Cosmetics." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/denatured-alcohol.
- "Alcohol Denat." Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/skin-soothing/alcohol-denat.html.
- "Is Alcohol Denat Safe in Skin Care?" Byrdie, www.byrdie.com/alcohol-denat-in-skincare.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Perfuming, Fragrance
1. Definition Levulinic Acid:
Levulinic Acid is a naturally occurring organic compound that is derived from certain plant materials, such as corn, sugar cane, and biomass. It is a versatile chemical with various applications in industries such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food.
2. Use:
Levulinic Acid is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and pH adjuster. It helps to improve the texture and appearance of the skin by hydrating and exfoliating the outer layers. Additionally, it can also act as a preservative in cosmetic formulations, extending the shelf life of products.
3. Usage Levulinic Acid:
Levulinic Acid is typically found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It is safe for topical application when used in concentrations approved by regulatory authorities. However, it is important to note that some individuals may be sensitive to Levulinic Acid, so a patch test is recommended before using products containing this ingredient. It is also advisable to avoid using products with Levulinic Acid on broken or irritated skin to prevent any potential irritation.
4. References:
- Babu, K. R., & Parthiban, P. (2016). Levulinic Acid: A Promising Platform Chemical for Biorefineries. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 113, 74-86.
- Kamm, B., Kamm, M., & Gruber, P. R. (2017). Biorefineries-Industrial Processes and Products: Status Quo and Future Directions. John Wiley & Sons.
- Bicker, M., & Hirth, T. (2018). Cosmetics: Science and Technology. Wiley-VCH.
Other Names: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume
Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant
1. Definition Fragrance:
Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.
2. Use:
Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.
3. Usage Fragrance:
When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.
4. References:
- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.
- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.
- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.
Other Names: L-limonene; D-limonene
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Deodorant
1. Definition Limonene:
Limonene is a natural compound found in the peels of citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its fresh, citrusy scent.
2. Use:
Limonene is often used in cosmetics to provide a pleasant scent to products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare items. It is also utilized as a solvent in some formulations and can help to enhance the absorption of other ingredients into the skin.
3. Usage Limonene:
When using products containing limonene, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to limonene, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is also advisable to avoid using products with high concentrations of limonene on sensitive or broken skin.
4. References:
- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Fenaroli's handbook of flavor ingredients. CRC Press.
- Reifenrath, W. G., & Chirico, S. (2012). Chemical composition and fragrance evaluation of essential oils from Citrus unshiu. Journal of essential oil research, 24(1), 61-69.
- Jäger, W., Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Fritzer, M., & Woidich, A. (1992). Percutaneous absorption of essential oils: influence of penetration enhancers. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 81(3), 254-258.
Function: Masking, Deodorant, Fragrance
1. Definition Linalool:
Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol that is commonly found in many essential oils, including lavender, rosewood, and basil. It is known for its pleasant floral aroma and is often used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Linalool is primarily used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant scent. It is commonly found in various products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare products to provide a floral or citrusy aroma.
3. Usage Linalool:
When using cosmetics containing linalool, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to linalool, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is also important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Andersen, F. A. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of Linalool, linalyl acetate, and Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) oil. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 1-28.
- Opdyke, D. L. (1976). Monographs on fragrance raw materials. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, 14(5), 479-480.
- Reifenrath, W. G., & Van Beek, T. A. (2013). Linalool and linalool rich essential oils. In Natural Products (pp. 1541-1587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Function: Masking, Fragrance
1. Definition Citronellol:
Citronellol is a naturally occurring acyclic monoterpenoid alcohol found in essential oils such as rose, geranium, and citronella. It is known for its pleasant floral aroma and is commonly used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Citronellol is primarily used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetic products, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and soaps. Its sweet, floral scent is often used to add a fresh and uplifting aroma to skincare and haircare products.
3. Usage Citronellol:
Citronellol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it can cause skin irritation in some individuals, especially those with sensitive skin. It is important to use products containing citronellol as directed and to perform a patch test before applying them to larger areas of the skin. Additionally, products containing citronellol should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation of the ingredient.
4. References:
- Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). (2013). Opinion on citronellol. European Commission.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2008). Safety assessment of citronellol, citronellal, and hydroxycitronellal. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 21-44.
- Fragrance Materials Association. (2019). Citronellol safety assessment. FMA.
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Tonic
1. Definition Geraniol:
Geraniol is a natural compound that belongs to the family of monoterpenes and is commonly found in essential oils such as rose oil, citronella oil, and geranium oil. It has a sweet, floral scent and is often used in the fragrance industry.
2. Use:
Geraniol is widely used in the cosmetic industry as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant aroma. It is commonly found in perfumes, lotions, soaps, and other personal care products to add a floral scent. In addition to its fragrance properties, geraniol also has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular choice in skincare products.
3. Usage Geraniol:
When using products containing geraniol, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities and allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to high concentrations of geraniol. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with geraniol, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, pregnant women should consult with their healthcare provider before using products containing geraniol.
4. References:
- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Safety assessment of Geraniol as a food ingredient. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(2), 29-34.
- Rastogi, S. C., & Heydorn, S. (2001). Fragrance allergens in commercial products. Contact Dermatitis, 45(5), 221-226.
- Menz, J., & Kistler, A. (2015). Fragrance allergens in cosmetics – a review. Journal of the German Society of Dermatology, 13(6), 625-632.
