Maria Åkerberg Hair & Body Shampoo Basic

1. Definition Vegetable Glycerin:

2. Use:

3. Usage Vegetable Glycerin:

4. References:

- Sharma, R., & Mahajan, V. K. (2018). Role of humectants in cosmetic products. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 9(4), 244–249. https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_265_17

- Draelos, Z. D. (2018). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. In Cosmeceuticals, 3rd Edition (pp. 25-43). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802005-1.00003-7

- Burdock, G. A. (2005). Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives (Vol. 1). CRC Press.

1. Definition Coco Betaine:

2. Use:

3. Usage Coco Betaine:

4. References:

- "Cocamidopropyl Betaine" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2005.

- "Cocamidopropyl Betaine" Environmental Working Group, https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701520-COCAMIDOPROPYL_BETAINE/

- "Cocamidopropyl Betaine: A Mild Surfactant" Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2017.

Lauroyl/Myristoyl Methyl Glucamide is a non-ionic surfactant derived from fatty acids such as lauric and myristic acid combined with methyl glucamine, a sugar-derived compound. This structure makes it suitable for use in mild, sulfate-free cleansing formulations.

In cosmetic products, it primarily functions as a cleansing agent, helping to remove dirt, excess oil, and impurities from the skin or hair. It also contributes to light foam formation and improves the overall skin feel after use, making the skin feel less stripped compared to harsher surfactants. As a result, it is commonly found in facial cleansers, body washes, and shampoos designed for gentle cleansing.

In formulation, Lauroyl/Myristoyl Methyl Glucamide is typically used in the water phase and is rarely used alone. Instead, it is often combined with other surfactants to create a balanced system that optimizes both cleansing performance and mildness. Typical usage levels range from 2–10%, depending on the formulation goals.

Although it is considered milder than traditional sulfates like SLS or SLES, it is still a surfactant and may disrupt the skin’s natural lipids at higher concentrations or in less optimized formulations. Its overall mildness depends not only on the ingredient itself but also on the full surfactant system, pH, and contact time.

In terms of skin suitability, it is considered low risk for oily skin, as it does not clog pores and helps remove excess sebum. However, for dry and sensitive skin, its suitability is not clearly determined, since it may still cause mild dryness or irritation depending on the formulation. The ingredient is free from parabens, sulfates, alcohol, and silicones, and is generally considered acne-safe due to its non-comedogenic nature. However, it should not be classified as allergen-free, as surfactants can still cause mild reactions in sensitive individuals.

1. Definition Decyl Glucoside:

2. Use:

3. Usage Decyl Glucoside:

4. References:

- "Decyl Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/decyl-glucoside/

- "Decyl Glucoside." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/decyl-glucoside

- "Decyl Glucoside." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/decyl-glucoside

1. Definition Xylitylglucoside:

2. Use:

3. Usage Xylitylglucoside:

4. References:

- Sasaki, T., Kawai, K., & Kawabata, J. (2018). Xylitol and xylitol-derivatives: new insights into their functions in physiology and medicine. Current pharmaceutical design, 24(25), 2960-2966.

- Etxeberria, U., Fernández-Quintela, A., Milagro, F. I., & Martínez, J. A. (2013). Agave fructans: their effect on mineral absorption and bone mineral content. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 24(1), 181-188.

- Kusano, R., & Ogawa, T. (2013). Inhibitory effects of xylitol and xylitylglucoside on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Journal of oral science, 55(1), 71-76.

1. Definition Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:

2. Use:

3. Usage Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:

4. References:

- Sharma, S., et al. (2015). Guar gum: Processing, properties and food applications—A Review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(2), 654-665.

- Lodeiro, C., et al. (2011). Guar gum as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(11), 6837-6845.

- Prasad, K., et al. (2018). Guar gum: A versatile material for pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(4), 1412-1421.

1. Definition Lactic Acid:

2. Use:

3. Usage Lactic Acid:

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Arif, T. (2015). Salicylic acid as a peeling agent: a comprehensive review. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 8, 455.

1. Definition Sodium Anisate:

2. Use:

3. Usage Sodium Anisate:

4. References:

- Kim, S. Y., & Kim, J. K. (2015). Antimicrobial activity of sodium anisate against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Food Science, 80(8), M1794-M1799.

- Puglia, C., Bonina, F., & Ingrassia, R. (2017). Sodium anisate as cosmetic preservative: Part I. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 39(1), 43-51.

- Gao, W., & Chen, Y. (2019). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of sodium anisate and its potential application in cosmetic formulations. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 70(3), 197-206.

1. Definition Sodium Levulinate:

2. Use:

3. Usage Sodium Levulinate:

4. References:

- P. R. Rajamohanan, S. N. Prasad, and K. M. Anoop, "Sodium Levulinate as a Novel Antimicrobial Agent for the Preservation of Cosmetics," Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 153-162, 2014.

- S. E. B. Gomes, M. A. S. de Oliveira, and M. F. de Lima, "Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Sodium Levulinate in Cosmetic Formulations," International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 398-405, 2016.

- J. M. L. Santos, A. C. M. Silva, and L. R. P. Santos, "Safety Assessment of Sodium Levulinate in Cosmetic Products: A Review," Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol. 89, pp. 20-27, 2017.

1. Definition Anhydroxylitol:

2. Use:

3. Usage Anhydroxylitol:

4. References:

- Rawlings, A. V. (2003). Trends in stratum corneum research and the management of dry skin conditions. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 25(1-2), 63-95.

- Goh, L. H., & Barlow, P. J. (2016). Xylitol and Anhydroxylitol in Cosmetics. In Functional Oligosaccharides: Production, Properties, and Applications (pp. 251-262). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

- Lode, O., & Kjøniksen, A. L. (2017). Xylitol and Anhydroxylitol in Cosmetics. In Handbook of Green Chemistry (pp. 1-23). Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.