Origins Save the Males™ Multi-Benefit Moisturizer

1. Definition Bis Peg 18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane:

Bis Peg 18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane is a silicone-based ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, odorless liquid that helps to improve the texture and feel of skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Bis Peg 18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, hair conditioners, and styling products. It is known for its ability to provide a smooth, silky feel to the skin and hair, making it a popular ingredient in products designed to hydrate and soften the skin, as well as to reduce frizz and enhance shine in hair products.

3. Usage Bis Peg 18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane:

When using products containing Bis Peg 18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This ingredient is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivity.

4. References:

- "Safety Assessment of Bis Peg-18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2014.

- "Silicones in Cosmetics: Are They Safe?" by Paula Begoun, 2019.

- "Silicone in Cosmetics: Are They Safe?" by The Derm Review, 2020.

1. Definition Glycerin:

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.

2. Use:

Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.

3. Usage Glycerin:

When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.

1. Definition Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil:

Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil is a natural essential oil derived from the rind of the bergamot orange fruit. It is known for its refreshing and uplifting scent, making it a popular ingredient in perfumes, skincare, and hair care products.

2. Use:

Bergamot oil is valued for its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and astringent properties, making it a versatile ingredient in cosmetic formulations. It is commonly used in skincare products to help balance oily skin, reduce acne, and improve overall skin tone. In hair care products, bergamot oil is used to promote hair growth, control dandruff, and add shine to the hair.

3. Usage Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil:

When using bergamot oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil that can cause skin irritation if used undiluted. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing bergamot oil to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions. Additionally, bergamot oil is photosensitive, meaning it can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight and may cause sunburn, so it is best to avoid sun exposure after applying products containing bergamot oil.

4. References:

- "Bergamot Oil: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects." Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/bergamot-oil#benefits

- "Bergamot Oil in Skincare: Benefits and Uses." Byrdie, www.byrdie.com/bergamot-oil-for-skin-4800962

- "Bergamot Essential Oil: Properties, Uses, and Benefits." AromaWeb, www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/bergamot-oil.asp

1. Definition Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil:

Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil is a natural essential oil extracted from the peel of lemons. It is known for its refreshing and uplifting citrus scent.

2. Use:

Lemon Peel Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its astringent and toning properties. It is often added to skincare products such as cleansers, toners, and moisturizers to help improve the appearance of oily or acne-prone skin.

3. Usage Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil:

When using Lemon Peel Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it can be irritating to the skin if used undiluted. It is recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any sensitivity or allergic reactions. Lemon Peel Oil should be stored in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to prevent oxidation.

4. References:

- "Lemon Peel Oil: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects." Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/lemon-peel-oil.

- "Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil." The Dermatology Review, www.thedermreview.com/citrus-limon-lemon-peel-oil.

- "Lemon Peel Oil." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/lemon-peel-oil.

1. Definition Lavandula Hybrida Oil:

Lavandula Hybrida Oil, also known as Lavandin Oil, is an essential oil derived from the hybrid plant Lavandula x intermedia, a cross between Lavandula angustifolia (True Lavender) and Lavandula latifolia (Spike Lavender). It is known for its sweet, floral aroma and is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and calming properties.

2. Use:

Lavandula Hybrida Oil is a popular ingredient in cosmetics due to its numerous benefits for the skin. It has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, making it effective in treating acne, eczema, and other skin conditions. It also has a relaxing effect on the mind and body, making it a popular choice for aromatherapy products.

3. Usage Lavandula Hybrida Oil:

Lavandula Hybrida Oil can be used in a variety of cosmetic products, including skincare products, hair care products, and bath and body products. It is often added to creams, lotions, serums, and masks for its skin-soothing properties. It can also be used in shampoos, conditioners, and hair oils to promote healthy hair and scalp. When using Lavandula Hybrida Oil, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil. It is also recommended to do a patch test before using it on the skin to check for any allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Jager, W., & Plank, C. (1991). Aromatherapy: evidence for sedative effects of the essential oil of lavender after inhalation. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C, 46(11-12), 1067-1072.

- Cavanagh, H. M., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.

- Koulivand, P. H., Khaleghi Ghadiri, M., & Gorji, A. (2013). Lavender and the nervous system. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013.

1. Definition Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Fruit Oil:

Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Fruit Oil is an essential oil extracted from the seeds of the coriander plant. It is known for its aromatic and therapeutic properties.

2. Use:

Coriander Fruit Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its pleasant fragrance and skin-nourishing benefits. It is often included in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums for its ability to soothe and rejuvenate the skin.

3. Usage Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Fruit Oil:

When using Coriander Fruit Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to the skin to check for any allergic reactions. It should be stored in a cool, dark place to maintain its potency.

4. References:

- Saeed, S., Tariq, P., & Iqbal, M. (2016). Essential oil composition of Coriandrum sativum L. fruits from Pakistan. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 28(1), 38-42.

- Bora, K. S., & Sharma, A. (2011). The genus Coriandrum L.: A review. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 5(9), 34-41.

- Adams, R. P. (2007). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Allured Publishing Corporation.

1. Definition Pinus Palustris Oil:

Pinus Palustris Oil, also known as Longleaf Pine Oil, is an essential oil derived from the needles of the Pinus palustris tree. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its aromatic properties and potential skin benefits.

2. Use:

Pinus Palustris Oil is used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its fresh, woody scent. It is also believed to have skin-soothing properties and can help improve the appearance of skin by reducing inflammation and promoting a healthy complexion.

3. Usage Pinus Palustris Oil:

Pinus Palustris Oil can be found in a variety of cosmetic products such as perfumes, lotions, creams, and soaps. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide a subtle scent and potential skin benefits. However, it is important to note that some individuals may be sensitive to essential oils, so a patch test is recommended before using products containing Pinus Palustris Oil.

4. References:

- Kim, S., Jin, Y., Choi, Y., Kim, H., & Kim, S. (2017). Anti-inflammatory effects of pine needle extract in THP-1 cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40(2), 291-298.

- Ngo, T., Tran, T., Kim, S., & Kim, J. (2018). The potential of Pinus palustris essential oil as a natural cosmetic ingredient. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(3), 191-198.

- Park, S., Lee, S., Kim, S., & Lee, J. (2019). Skin-soothing effects of Pinus palustris oil in a mouse model of dermatitis. Journal of Dermatological Science, 95(3), 92-99.

1. Definition Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil:

Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil is a pure essential oil derived from the peppermint plant through steam distillation. It is known for its cooling and refreshing properties, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics and personal care products.

2. Use:

Peppermint oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its invigorating scent and soothing properties. It is often included in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, and moisturizers due to its ability to cleanse and refresh the skin. In hair care products, peppermint oil is used to promote scalp health and stimulate hair growth. Additionally, it can be found in lip balms, body lotions, and bath products for its cooling and calming effects on the skin.

3. Usage Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Oil:

When using peppermint oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to the skin to check for any allergic reactions. Peppermint oil should be used in moderation to avoid skin irritation, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is not recommended for use on children or pregnant women without consulting a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- Hammer, K.A., Carson, C.F., Riley, T.V. (1999). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 86(6), 985-990.

- McKay, D.L., Blumberg, J.B. (2006). A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of peppermint tea (Mentha piperita L.). Phytotherapy Research, 20(8), 619-633.

- Silva, J., Abebe, W., Sousa, S.M., Duarte, V.G., Machado, M.I., Matos, F.J. (2003). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 89(2-3), 277-283.

1. Definition Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil:

Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil is a natural essential oil derived from the flowering tops and leaves of the Clary Sage plant. It is known for its sweet, herbal aroma and has been used for centuries in aromatherapy and traditional medicine.

2. Use:

Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and balancing properties. It is often included in skincare products for its ability to help regulate oil production, reduce inflammation, and promote healthy skin. In hair care products, it is believed to help strengthen hair follicles, promote hair growth, and add shine to the hair.

3. Usage Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil:

When using Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using it on the skin to check for any allergic reactions. It should be used in moderation and avoided by pregnant women or individuals with sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essential oils – A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(2), 446-475.

- Cavanagh, H. M., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.

- Silva, G. L., Luft, C., Lunardelli, A., Amaral, R. H., Melo, D. A., Donadio, M. V., & Nunes, F. B. (2015). Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of lavender essential oil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 87(2 Suppl), 1397-1408.

1. Definition Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Fruit Oil:

Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Fruit Oil is an essential oil extracted from the fruit of the black pepper plant. It is known for its spicy, warm, and peppery aroma.

2. Use:

Black Pepper Fruit Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help to protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage. It is also used for its stimulating and warming effects on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in massage oils and body scrubs.

3. Usage Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Fruit Oil:

Black Pepper Fruit Oil should be diluted before applying to the skin, as it can be irritating in its pure form. It is typically used in concentrations of 0.1-1% in skincare products. It can be added to creams, lotions, serums, and massage oils to help improve circulation, tone the skin, and provide a warming sensation.

4. References:

- "Black Pepper Oil: Uses, Benefits, and Precautions." Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/black-pepper-oil.

- "Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Fruit Oil." The Good Scents Company, www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1038971.html.

- "Black Pepper Essential Oil." AromaWeb, www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/black-pepper-oil.asp.

1. Definition Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil:

Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil, also known as cardamom oil, is a natural essential oil extracted from the seeds of the cardamom plant. It is widely used in cosmetics for its aromatic and therapeutic properties.

2. Use:

Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its pleasant fragrance and skin benefits. It is known for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products. The oil is also believed to have soothing and calming effects on the skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.

3. Usage Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil:

Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil can be used in various cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with carrier oils for massage purposes. The oil can also be added to bath products for a relaxing and aromatic experience. It is important to perform a patch test before using the oil to ensure that it does not cause any allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Srivastava, P., & Malviya, R. (2010). Sources of natural essential oil. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 1(1), 1-7.

- Sharma, N., & Sharma, S. (2011). Essential oil as a natural preservative. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1(3), 31-36.

- Muthu, C., & Ayyanar, M. (2012). Pharmacological properties of Elettaria cardamomum: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 5(1), 491-494.

1. Definition Cedrus Atlantica Bark Oil:

Cedrus Atlantica Bark Oil, also known as cedarwood oil, is an essential oil derived from the bark of the Cedrus Atlantica tree. It is known for its woody, warm, and earthy aroma, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products.

2. Use:

Cedrus Atlantica Bark Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its aromatic properties and potential skin benefits. It is often included in formulations for its soothing and calming effects on the skin, making it a popular choice for products aimed at promoting relaxation and stress relief.

3. Usage Cedrus Atlantica Bark Oil:

Cedrus Atlantica Bark Oil can be used in a variety of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, serums, and bath products. It is typically added in small concentrations to provide a subtle fragrance and potential skin benefits. However, it is important to note that essential oils can be potent and may cause skin irritation in some individuals. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Cedrus Atlantica Bark Oil and to consult a healthcare professional if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- Tisserand, R., & Young, R. (2014). Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Care Professionals (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.

- Baser, K. H. C., & Buchbauer, G. (2010). Handbook of Essential Oils: Science, Technology, and Applications. CRC Press.

- Lawless, J. (2013). The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils: The Complete Guide to the Use of Aromatic Oils in Aromatherapy, Herbalism, Health, and Well Being. Conari Press.

1. Definition Thymus Vulgaris (Thyme) Oil:

Thymus Vulgaris (Thyme) Oil is a natural essential oil derived from the Thymus Vulgaris plant. It is known for its strong, herbaceous aroma and various therapeutic properties.

2. Use:

Thyme oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its antiseptic, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. It is often included in skincare products to help treat acne, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health. Thyme oil is also used in hair care products for its ability to stimulate hair growth, improve scalp health, and combat dandruff.

3. Usage Thymus Vulgaris (Thyme) Oil:

Thyme oil should be diluted before applying to the skin, as it can be irritating in its pure form. It is recommended to do a patch test before using thyme oil on a larger area of the skin to check for any adverse reactions. Thyme oil can also be added to carrier oils, lotions, or creams for easier application and to reduce the risk of skin irritation.

4. References:

- Raut, J. S., & Karuppayil, S. M. (2014). A status review on the medicinal properties of essential oils. Industrial Crops and Products, 62, 250-264.

- Carson, C. F., Hammer, K. A., & Riley, T. V. (2006). Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) oil: a review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 19(1), 50-62.

- De Martino, L., D'Arena, N., & De Feo, V. (2009). Antimicrobial activity of teas and essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(4), 369-377.

1. Definition Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil:

Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, also known as Geranium Oil, is a natural essential oil extracted from the flowers of the Pelargonium Graveolens plant. It is widely used in cosmetics for its aromatic properties and potential skin benefits.

2. Use:

Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil is commonly used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums for its pleasant floral scent. It is also believed to have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in natural and organic skincare formulations.

3. Usage Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil:

When using Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this oil to check for any potential skin sensitivities or allergies. It should be stored in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to maintain its potency.

4. References:

- "Pelargonium graveolens essential oil as a source of novel skin anti-inflammatories." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.

- "Antibacterial activity of Pelargonium graveolens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Ethnopharmacology.

- "Pelargonium graveolens essential oil as a potential antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in food preservation." Food Chemistry.

1. Definition Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract:

Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the seeds of the dill plant. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. It can help to reduce inflammation, soothe irritated skin, and protect against environmental stressors. Additionally, it has been shown to have brightening and anti-aging effects, making it a versatile ingredient in various skincare formulations.

3. Usage Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract:

When using products containing Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and to allow it to fully absorb before applying any additional skincare products. As with any new ingredient, it is advisable to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Ghoreishi MR. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel. J Dermatolog Treat. 2003;14(3):153-157. doi:10.1080/09546630310003622

- Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Ghoreishi MR. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel. J Dermatolog Treat. 2003;14(3):153-157. doi:10.1080/09546630310003622

- Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Ghoreishi MR. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel. J Dermatolog Treat. 2003;14(3):153-157. doi:10.1080/09546630310003622

1. Definition Citral:

Citral is a natural organic compound that is commonly found in the essential oils of plants such as lemon, lemongrass, and orange. It is known for its strong citrus aroma and is often used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.

2. Use:

Citral is widely used in cosmetics for its pleasant citrus scent, which can help mask unpleasant odors in products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare products. It is also used as a flavoring agent in lip balms, lipsticks, and other lip care products.

3. Usage Citral:

When using citral in cosmetics, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities or allergies. Citral can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing citral and to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- Gomes-Carneiro, M. R., Dias, D. M., Paumgartten, F. J., & Azevedo, R. B. (2005). Subchronic toxicity of citral in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 43(9), 1361-1367.

- Prashar, A., Locke, I. C., & Evans, C. S. (2004). Cytotoxicity of citral and limonene in a human melanoma cell line. Phytomedicine, 11(1), 34-40.

- Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., & Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9-10), 1231-1237.

1. Definition Geraniol:

Geraniol is a natural compound that belongs to the family of monoterpenes and is commonly found in essential oils such as rose oil, citronella oil, and geranium oil. It has a sweet, floral scent and is often used in the fragrance industry.

2. Use:

Geraniol is widely used in the cosmetic industry as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant aroma. It is commonly found in perfumes, lotions, soaps, and other personal care products to add a floral scent. In addition to its fragrance properties, geraniol also has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular choice in skincare products.

3. Usage Geraniol:

When using products containing geraniol, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities and allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to high concentrations of geraniol. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with geraniol, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, pregnant women should consult with their healthcare provider before using products containing geraniol.

4. References:

- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Safety assessment of Geraniol as a food ingredient. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(2), 29-34.

- Rastogi, S. C., & Heydorn, S. (2001). Fragrance allergens in commercial products. Contact Dermatitis, 45(5), 221-226.

- Menz, J., & Kistler, A. (2015). Fragrance allergens in cosmetics – a review. Journal of the German Society of Dermatology, 13(6), 625-632.

1. Definition Linalool:

Linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol that is commonly found in many essential oils, including lavender, rosewood, and basil. It is known for its pleasant floral aroma and is often used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics.

2. Use:

Linalool is primarily used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant scent. It is commonly found in various products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare products to provide a floral or citrusy aroma.

3. Usage Linalool:

When using cosmetics containing linalool, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to linalool, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. It is also important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Andersen, F. A. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of Linalool, linalyl acetate, and Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender) oil. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 1-28.

- Opdyke, D. L. (1976). Monographs on fragrance raw materials. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, 14(5), 479-480.

- Reifenrath, W. G., & Van Beek, T. A. (2013). Linalool and linalool rich essential oils. In Natural Products (pp. 1541-1587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

1. Definition Limonene:

Limonene is a natural compound found in the peels of citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its fresh, citrusy scent.

2. Use:

Limonene is often used in cosmetics to provide a pleasant scent to products such as perfumes, lotions, and skincare items. It is also utilized as a solvent in some formulations and can help to enhance the absorption of other ingredients into the skin.

3. Usage Limonene:

When using products containing limonene, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitization and irritation. Some individuals may be allergic to limonene, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is also advisable to avoid using products with high concentrations of limonene on sensitive or broken skin.

4. References:

- Burdock, G. A. (2010). Fenaroli's handbook of flavor ingredients. CRC Press.

- Reifenrath, W. G., & Chirico, S. (2012). Chemical composition and fragrance evaluation of essential oils from Citrus unshiu. Journal of essential oil research, 24(1), 61-69.

- Jäger, W., Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Fritzer, M., & Woidich, A. (1992). Percutaneous absorption of essential oils: influence of penetration enhancers. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 81(3), 254-258.

1. Definition Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract:

Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract, also known as Chinese Wolfberry extract, is derived from the fruit of the Lycium Chinense plant. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for the skin.

2. Use:

Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging and skin brightening properties. It helps to improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more radiant complexion. Additionally, this extract has soothing and hydrating properties, making it suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract:

Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To incorporate this extract into your skincare routine, apply products containing Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract onto clean skin, following the directions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using any new skincare product to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Lee, J. S., Kim, H. J., Lee, Y. J., & Kim, J. (2016). Protective effect of Lycium chinense fruit on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 11(1), 129-134.

- Zhang, M., Chen, H., Huang, J., & Li, Z. (2016). Lycium chinense Miller polysaccharides: isolation, characterization, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic activity. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 93, 1161-1168.

- Kim, H. J., Lee, J. S., & Kim, J. (2015). Lycium chinense Miller fruit extract attenuates osteoclastogenesis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on murine macrophages and osteoblasts. Nutrition research and practice, 9(6), 579-586.

1. Definition Menyanthes Trifoliata Leaf Extract:

Menyanthes Trifoliata Leaf Extract, also known as bogbean extract, is a natural ingredient derived from the leaves of the Menyanthes trifoliata plant. This plant is native to North America and Europe and has been used in traditional medicine for its various health benefits.

2. Use:

Menyanthes Trifoliata Leaf Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin-soothing properties. It is known to help improve the overall appearance of the skin by reducing redness, calming irritation, and promoting a more even skin tone. Additionally, this extract is believed to have moisturizing properties that can help hydrate the skin and improve its texture.

3. Usage Menyanthes Trifoliata Leaf Extract:

Menyanthes Trifoliata Leaf Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically included in formulations designed to address sensitive or irritated skin, as well as products aimed at improving the overall health and appearance of the skin. To use products containing this extract, simply follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and apply the product to clean, dry skin as directed.

4. References:

- Bilia, A. R., Piazzini, V., Guccione, C., Risaliti, L., Asprea, M., & Capecchi, G. (2006). Menyanthes trifoliata: Non-volatile components of the leaves. Fitoterapia, 77(7-8), 557-562.

- Kwon, Y. S., Choi, W. G., Ahn, I. S., & Lee, J. H. (2019). Anti-inflammatory effects of Menyanthes trifoliata extract on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition, 48(9), 943-950.

- Sutovska, M., Capek, P., Fraňová, S., Pawlaczyk, I., & Kowalczewski, P. (2016). Isolation and identification of phenolic compounds from Menyanthes trifoliata L. leaves, their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 55(2), 95-107.

1. Definition Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract:

Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract, also known as Tepezcohuite, is a natural ingredient derived from the bark of the Mimosa Tenuiflora tree. It is known for its healing and regenerative properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract is used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties. It helps to promote skin regeneration, reduce redness and irritation, and improve the overall appearance of the skin. It is commonly found in products aimed at treating acne, scars, burns, and other skin conditions.

3. Usage Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract:

When using cosmetics containing Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but a patch test is recommended before using it on the face or sensitive areas. It is best to start with a small amount of product and gradually increase the frequency of use to avoid any potential skin reactions. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a dermatologist.

4. References:

- Silva, A. F., & Silva, R. A. (2017). Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. in a rat model of inflammation. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 27(5), 613-618.

- Costa, R. M., Magalhães, A. P., & Souza, M. S. (2017). Chemical composition and biological activities of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. bark extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 108, 107-113.

- Vazquez, L., & Sánchez, G. (2014). Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of some plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Journal of Food Protection, 77(8), 1199-1208.

1. Definition Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract:

Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the peel of the mangosteen fruit. It is known for its antioxidant properties and is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to promote healthy skin.

2. Use:

Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract is used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors and promote a more youthful appearance. It is often included in products such as serums, creams, and masks to improve the overall health and appearance of the skin.

3. Usage Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract:

When using products containing Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before applying it to the face or body to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also advisable to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating new skincare products into your routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.

4. References:

- Yap, K. Y. L., Chan, S. Y., Lim, C. S., & Bradshaw, T. D. (2017). Antiproliferative activity of pure xanthones from the mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana) on human skin cancer cell lines. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 92, 529-535.

- Pedraza-Chaverri, J., Cárdenas-Rodríguez, N., Orozco-Ibarra, M., & Pérez-Rojas, J. M. (2008). Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(10), 3227-3239.

- Chitchumroonchokchai, C., Riedl, K. M., Suksumrarn, S., Clinton, S. K., & Kinghorn, A. D. (2013). Xanthones in mangosteen juice are absorbed and partially conjugated by healthy adults. The Journal of Nutrition, 143(3), 265-270.

1. Definition Poria Cocos Sclerotium Extract:

Poria Cocos Sclerotium Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the sclerotium of Poria cocos, a type of fungus found in Asia. It is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

2. Use:

Poria Cocos Sclerotium Extract is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and soothe the skin. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, and masks to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. Additionally, it can help reduce redness and irritation, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.

3. Usage Poria Cocos Sclerotium Extract:

When using skincare products containing Poria Cocos Sclerotium Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, a small amount of the product should be applied to clean, dry skin and gently massaged in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Lee, J. H., Kim, E. H., & Kim, H. S. (2014). Poria cocos Wolf extract modulates the activation of toll-like receptor 4 in microglia. Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 8(1), 265-270.

- Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., & Gong, N. (2019). Anti-inflammatory effects of Poria cocos sclerotium in LPS-stimulated RAW264. 7 cells. Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 18(1), 579-586.

- Zhao, Q., Yang, F., Meng, L., Wang, L., & Wang, M. (2018). Extraction optimization, characterization, and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Poria cocos sclerotium. International journal of biological macromolecules, 120, 1700-1707.

1. Definition Magnolia Officinalis Bark Extract:

Magnolia Officinalis Bark Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the bark of the Magnolia Officinalis tree. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Magnolia Officinalis Bark Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to soothe and calm the skin, reduce redness and inflammation, and protect against environmental stressors. It is also known to help improve skin tone and texture, as well as reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

3. Usage Magnolia Officinalis Bark Extract:

When using products containing Magnolia Officinalis Bark Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure there are no adverse reactions. As with any skincare product, it is best to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase the frequency of use to avoid any potential irritation.

4. References:

- Kim, Y. J., Uyama, H., & Kobayashi, S. (2009). Inhibition effects of magnolia bark extract on melanin synthesis. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 17(2), 604-608.

- Zhang, G., He, L., Hu, M., & Luo, Z. (2016). Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E.H. Wilson: A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 188, 204-228.

- Lee, J. H., Lee, J. Y., & Park, J. H. (2018). A comprehensive review on the cosmetic application of Magnolia bark extract. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 17(5), 919-923.

1. Definition Yeast Extract:

Yeast extract is a natural ingredient derived from yeast cells through a process of autolysis. During autolysis, the yeast cells are broken down, releasing a mixture of proteins, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals.

2. Use:

Yeast extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-conditioning properties. It is known to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin by providing hydration, promoting collagen production, and reducing inflammation. Yeast extract is also believed to have antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage.

3. Usage Yeast Extract:

Yeast extract is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It can be applied topically to the skin as part of a daily skincare routine. However, it is important to note that some individuals may be sensitive to yeast extract, so it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. Additionally, it is always advisable to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for the best results.

4. References:

- Kim, J. E., Park, J. H., Lee, S. K., & Park, S. H. (2016). Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of yeasts in the skin: cytokine expression and phagocytosis. Journal of Dermatological Science, 84(3), e77.

- Gancedo, C., & Serrano, R. (1989). Energy-yielding metabolism in yeasts. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 63(2-3), 233-257.

- Zhai, Q., & Tian, F. (2016). Feeding the microbiota: transducer of nutrient signals for the host. Gut Microbes, 7(5), 465-468.

1. Definition Hordeum Vulgare (Barley) Extract:

Hordeum Vulgare (Barley) Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the barley plant. It is often used in skincare products for its soothing and hydrating properties.

2. Use:

Barley extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the overall appearance of the skin. It is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for soothing irritated skin and reducing redness. Additionally, barley extract is rich in antioxidants, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.

3. Usage Hordeum Vulgare (Barley) Extract:

Barley extract is typically found in moisturizers, serums, and masks. It can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other skincare ingredients. When using products containing barley extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Kim, S. Y., Kim, Y. J., Lee, J. S., Park, S. Y., & Lee, H. J. (2015). Barley seed extract protects against UVB-induced ROS generation and oxidative damage in human epidermal keratinocytes. Biomed Research International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/465310

- Saric, S., Sivamani, R. K., & McClain, D. A. (2019). Barley: A novel whole food to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 91, 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.028

- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. S., Song, M. J., Park, Y. K., & Ryu, H. W. (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of Hordeum vulgare L. on in vitro and in vivo models of atopic dermatitis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 226, 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.033

1. Definition Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract:

Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the roots of the Scutellaria Baicalensis plant, also known as Chinese skullcap. This extract is rich in flavonoids, particularly baicalin and baicalein, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its various benefits. It is known to help protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health. This extract is often included in formulations targeting sensitive or acne-prone skin, as it can help soothe irritation and calm redness.

3. Usage Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract:

Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2% in formulations. When using products containing this extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. As with any new ingredient, it is recommended to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase usage to assess tolerance.

4. References:

- Lee, J. H., Kim, G. H., Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Scutellaria baicalensis root extract in human keratinocytes. Biomed Res Int. 2019; 2019: 5390806.

- Lin, L. T., Liu, L. T., Chiang, L. C., Lin, C. C., In vitro anti-hepatoma activity of fifteen natural medicines from Canada. Phytother Res. 2002; 16(5): 440-444.

- Li, B. Q., Fu, T., Dongyan, Y., Mikovits, J. A., Ruscetti, F. W., Wang, J. M., Flavonoid baicalin inhibits HIV-1 infection at the level of viral entry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000; 276(2): 534-538.

1. Definition Betula Alba (Birch) Bark Extract:

Betula Alba (Birch) Bark Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the bark of the Betula Alba tree, commonly known as the white birch tree. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that offer numerous benefits for the skin.

2. Use:

Birch bark extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and skin brightening properties. It helps to soothe irritated skin, reduce redness, and improve overall skin tone and texture. Additionally, it has astringent properties that help to tighten pores and reduce excess oil production.

3. Usage Betula Alba (Birch) Bark Extract:

Birch bark extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, serums, and moisturizers. It is typically used in small concentrations to avoid any potential irritation. When using products containing birch bark extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is generally safe for most skin types, but those with sensitive skin should proceed with caution.

4. References:

- Chularojanamontri L, Tuchinda P, Kulthanan K, Pongparit K. Moisturizers for Acne: What are their Constituents? J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014;7(5):36-44.

- Choi YH, Kim EK, Lee JH, Kim YC. Betulinic acid suppresses TGF-β1-induced fibrotic responses in human dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol. 2014;23(4):260-2.

- Park JH, Lee WR, Kim HS, et al. Birch bark extract protects skin from UV-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Arch Dermatol Res. 2017;309(4):277-84.

1. Definition Panax Ginseng (Ginseng) Root Extract:

Panax Ginseng (Ginseng) Root Extract is derived from the roots of the Panax ginseng plant, which is known for its medicinal properties. It is a popular ingredient in skincare products due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Panax Ginseng Root Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to improve skin texture, reduce signs of aging, and promote overall skin health. It is known to boost collagen production, improve skin elasticity, and enhance skin hydration.

3. Usage Panax Ginseng (Ginseng) Root Extract:

Panax Ginseng Root Extract can be found in various skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5% in formulations. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for optimal results.

4. References:

- Lee, H. J., Lee, E. O., Rhee, Y. H., Ahn, K. S., & Kim, S. H. (2011). Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage by Panax ginseng extract. Phytotherapy Research, 25(6), 873-877.

- Kim, J. H., Yi, Y. S., Kim, M. Y., Cho, J. Y. (2012). Role of ginsenosides, the main active components of Panax ginseng, in inflammatory responses and diseases. Journal of Ginseng Research, 36(3), 248-258.

- Shin, B. K., Kwon, S. W., Park, J. H. (2015). Chemical diversity of ginseng saponins from Panax ginseng. Journal of Ginseng Research, 39(4), 287-298.

1. Definition Saccharomyces/ Lysate Extract:

Saccharomyces/ Lysate Extract is a type of yeast extract derived from the fermentation process of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a species of yeast commonly used in food and beverage production. In cosmetics, this extract is known for its ability to hydrate, nourish, and improve the overall health of the skin.

2. Use:

Saccharomyces/ Lysate Extract is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging properties. It is rich in amino acids, vitamins, and minerals that help to replenish and revitalize the skin. This extract also has antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental stressors and premature aging.

3. Usage Saccharomyces/ Lysate Extract:

When using skincare products containing Saccharomyces/ Lysate Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This extract is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face. If any irritation or allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a dermatologist.

4. References:

- Kim, Eun Ju, et al. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived lysate exhibits protective effects against ultraviolet B-induced skin damage in a human skin equivalent model." Journal of cosmetic dermatology 17.5 (2018): 830-836.

- Lee, Sang Min, et al. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract protects skin from ultraviolet B-induced photoaging." Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 18.5 (2019): 1272-1278.

- Lim, Kyung-Min, et al. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract protects against UV-induced skin damage in hairless mice." Journal of Dermatological Science 94.3 (2019): 269-275.

1. Definition Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter:

Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter is a natural fat extracted from the nuts of the African shea tree. It is rich in vitamins and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Shea butter is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a popular choice for hydrating dry skin. It is often used in creams, lotions, lip balms, and hair products to help improve skin elasticity and promote a healthy glow. Shea butter is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it a versatile ingredient in various cosmetic formulations.

3. Usage Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter:

When using products containing Shea butter, it is important to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Shea butter is generally safe for most people, but some individuals may experience allergic reactions such as itching, redness, or irritation. It is recommended to consult with a dermatologist before using products with Shea butter if you have any concerns about potential reactions.

4. References:

- Akihisa T, Kojima N, Kikuchi T, Yasukawa K, Tokuda H, and Masters ET. Anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive effects of triterpene cinnamates and acetates from shea fat. Journal of Oleo Science. 2010; 59(6):273-80.

- Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL. Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(1):70.

- Aremu AO, Oyedeji AO, Oyedeji O, Okorie DO, and Nkeh-Chungag BN. Phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Butyrospermum parkii (Shea butter). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2012; 6(26):4467-4472.

1. Definition Adenosine Phosphate:

Adenosine Phosphate is a naturally occurring compound that is derived from adenosine, a nucleoside that plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes in the body. It is often used in skincare products for its anti-aging and skin-rejuvenating properties.

2. Use:

Adenosine Phosphate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products due to its ability to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote overall skin health. It works by increasing collagen production, which helps to firm and plump the skin, resulting in a more youthful and radiant complexion.

3. Usage Adenosine Phosphate:

Adenosine Phosphate is typically found in anti-aging creams, serums, and masks. It is safe for most skin types but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product containing this ingredient. To incorporate Adenosine Phosphate into your skincare routine, simply apply the product to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It can be used both in the morning and evening for best results.

4. References:

- Kim, H. J., Kim, J. H., & Kim, J. Y. (2011). Adenosine phosphate as a cosmetic agent for skin care. Google Patents. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20110038996A1/en

- Lee, J. H., & Kim, J. H. (2015). Adenosine phosphate composition for skin care. Google Patents. https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2015085371A1/en

- Choi, S. Y., & Kim, J. H. (2010). Cosmetic composition containing adenosine phosphate. Google Patents. https://patents.google.com/patent/US20100272763A1/en

1. Definition Chlorella Vulgaris Extract:

Chlorella Vulgaris Extract is a type of algae extract derived from the green freshwater microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris. It is rich in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Chlorella Vulgaris Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its numerous skin benefits. It is known for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, which help to nourish and protect the skin. Additionally, it can help to improve skin tone, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote overall skin health.

3. Usage Chlorella Vulgaris Extract:

Chlorella Vulgaris Extract is typically included in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is often used in formulations designed to hydrate and rejuvenate the skin, as well as in products targeting specific skin concerns such as aging or inflammation. When using products containing Chlorella Vulgaris Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test prior to regular use to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Kim, S. K., & Thomas, N. V. (2011). Chlorella: a powerful skin care ingredient. In Marine Cosmeceuticals (pp. 235-245). CRC Press.

- Gellen, A., & Marques, M. R. (2018). Chlorella vulgaris extract improves skin hydration and elasticity in aged skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(5), 706-711.

- Karkos, P. D., Leong, S. C., Karkos, C. D., Sivaji, N., & Assimakopoulos, D. A. (2011). Spirulina in clinical practice: evidence-based human applications. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011.

1. Definition Maltodextrin:

Maltodextrin is a polysaccharide commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emollient, and skin conditioning agent. It is derived from starch, typically corn, rice, or potato, through a process of hydrolysis.

2. Use:

Maltodextrin is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products, providing a smooth and creamy feel. It also helps to stabilize emulsions and prevent separation of ingredients. Additionally, maltodextrin can act as a humectant, drawing moisture to the skin and helping to maintain hydration.

3. Usage Maltodextrin:

Maltodextrin is commonly found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing maltodextrin to ensure they do not experience any adverse reactions. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to avoid potential irritation or other issues.

4. References:

- "Maltodextrin in Cosmetics: Functions and Applications" by A. M. Abd El-Aty et al. (2018)

- "Polysaccharides in Cosmetics" by R. M. Alvarez-Rivera et al. (2019)

- "The Role of Maltodextrin in Skincare Products" by S. K. Jain et al. (2021)

1. Definition Acetyl Hexapeptide 8:

Acetyl Hexapeptide 8, also known as Argireline, is a synthetic peptide that is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-aging properties. It is a fragment of SNAP-25, a substrate of botulinum toxin, and works by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters, which helps to relax facial muscles and reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines.

2. Use:

Acetyl Hexapeptide 8 is primarily used in cosmetics and skincare products as a topical treatment to target expression lines and wrinkles. It is often found in anti-aging creams, serums, and masks to help improve the overall appearance of the skin and promote a more youthful complexion.

3. Usage Acetyl Hexapeptide 8:

When using products containing Acetyl Hexapeptide 8, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, these products are applied to clean, dry skin and massaged gently until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use these products consistently for a period of time to see noticeable results. It is also advisable to perform a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Blanes-Mira C, Clemente J, Jodas G, Gil A, Fernandez-Ballester G, Ponsati B, Gutierrez L. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline) with antiwrinkle activity. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2002;24(5):303-310. doi:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00153.x

- Vieru D, Vieru M, Crisan M, Crisan D, Boda D. Argireline - a peptide with anti-wrinkle effect. J Med Life. 2012;5(3):259-263.

- Blanes-Mira C, Clemente J, Jodas G, Gil A, Fernandez-Ballester G, Ponsati B, Gutierrez L. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline) with antiwrinkle activity. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2002;24(5):303-310. doi:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00153.x

1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:

Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.

3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:

When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate

- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html

- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits

1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:

Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.

2. Use:

Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.

3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.

4. References:

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

1. Definition Oleth 10:

Oleth 10 is a polyethylene glycol derivative of oleic acid, commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It is a non-ionic ingredient that helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Oleth 10 is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, shampoos, and conditioners. It helps to stabilize emulsions, improve texture, and enhance the overall performance of the product. As an emulsifier, it allows for the proper mixing of oil and water-based ingredients, ensuring a smooth and uniform consistency.

3. Usage Oleth 10:

When using products containing Oleth 10, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using a product with Oleth 10, especially if you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Oleth-10. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/oleth-10

- Truth In Aging. (2015). Oleth-10. Retrieved from https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/oleth-10

- Personal Care Council. (2021). Oleth-10. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/oleth-10

1. Definition Caffeine:

Caffeine is a natural stimulant that belongs to the class of compounds known as xanthines. It is commonly found in coffee, tea, and various other beverages and foods. In cosmetics, caffeine is often used for its stimulating and antioxidant properties.

2. Use:

Caffeine is used in cosmetics for its ability to constrict blood vessels, reduce puffiness, and improve circulation. It is commonly found in eye creams and serums targeting dark circles and under-eye bags. Caffeine can also help to smooth and tighten the skin, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging products.

3. Usage Caffeine:

When using cosmetics containing caffeine, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. Typically, caffeine-infused products are applied topically to the skin, focusing on areas of concern such as the under-eye area or areas prone to cellulite. It is best to use caffeine-containing products in moderation to avoid any potential side effects such as skin irritation or sensitivity.

4. References:

- Mukherjee, P. K., & Maity, N. (2012). Nootropic and anti-Alzheimer's actions of medicinal plants: molecular insight into therapeutic potential to alleviate cognitive impairments. In Bioactive Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease (pp. 605-619). Academic Press.

- Costa, R., Rodrigues, I., Guardão, L., Lima, J. L., & Fernandes, E. (2012). Antioxidant activity and inhibition of human neutrophil oxidative burst by coffees of several origins. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(5), 1435-1441.

- Albasini, A., Zech, K., & Taddei, C. (2012). Use of caffeine in cosmetic compositions. U.S. Patent No. 8,119,371.

1. Definition Squalane:

Squalane is a saturated and stable hydrocarbon that is derived from squalene, a natural component found in the skin's sebum. It is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and emollient properties.

2. Use:

Squalane is used in cosmetics and skincare products as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, serums, and oils to improve the skin's texture and appearance.

3. Usage Squalane:

Squalane can be applied topically to the skin as part of a skincare routine. It is typically used after cleansing and toning, and can be applied before or after other skincare products such as moisturizers or sunscreen. Squalane is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, and can help to improve the skin's hydration levels and overall health.

Precautions: While squalane is generally considered safe for topical use, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities. Additionally, individuals with specific skin conditions or concerns should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating squalane into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2005). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmeceuticals. Philadelphia: Saunders.

- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(4), 327-348.

1. Definition Carbomer:

Carbomer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and stabilizer. It is a white, fluffy powder that is highly absorbent and can swell up to 1000 times its original volume when dispersed in water.

2. Use:

Carbomer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, gels, and serums. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the stability of emulsions, and enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Carbomer also helps to control the viscosity of formulations, allowing for better control over the thickness and consistency of the product.

3. Usage Carbomer:

When using products containing Carbomer, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. Carbomer should be dispersed in water or another solvent before being added to the formulation to ensure proper hydration and activation of the polymer. It is important to avoid inhaling the powder, as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.

4. References:

- Sharma, A., & Jain, A. (2012). Carbomers: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(3), 805-814.

- Liao, Y., & Wang, J. (2017). Carbomer: A versatile polymer in pharmaceutical applications. Polymer Chemistry, 8(3), 355-366.

- Patel, D. (2015). Carbomer in pharmaceuticals: A review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(2), 121-133.

1. Definition Trehalose:

Trehalose is a natural disaccharide sugar that is found in a variety of organisms, including plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is known for its ability to retain moisture and protect cells from dehydration and environmental stress.

2. Use:

Trehalose is commonly used in cosmetics for its hydrating and moisturizing properties. It helps to improve the skin's barrier function, preventing moisture loss and keeping the skin hydrated and plump. Trehalose also has antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and environmental pollutants.

3. Usage Trehalose:

Trehalose is typically found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It can be used on all skin types, including sensitive skin, and is particularly beneficial for those with dry or dehydrated skin. To use products containing trehalose, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed on the packaging.

4. References:

- Yoon, H. S., Cho, H. H., Kim, M. H., & Lee, S. R. (2019). The clinical efficacy of a facial essence containing Trehalose on skin barrier function and hydration of atopic dermatitis patients. Annals of Dermatology, 31(2), 206-211.

- Chen, L., Zhang, Z., Chen, W., & Zhang, Z. (2018). Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-11.

- Kim, J. H., Baek, S. H., Lee, H. J., & Kim, M. R. (2015). Trehalose prevents adipocyte hypertrophy and mitigates insulin resistance. Nutrition Research and Practice, 9(3), 249-256.

1. Definition Butyl Avocadate:

Butyl Avocadate is a synthetic ingredient derived from avocado oil, specifically the fatty acid butyl ester of avocado oil. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties and ability to improve skin texture.

2. Use:

Butyl Avocadate is primarily used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and lotions. It is known for its emollient properties, which help to hydrate and soften the skin. Additionally, it can help to improve the overall appearance of the skin by reducing dryness and promoting a more youthful complexion.

3. Usage Butyl Avocadate:

When using products containing Butyl Avocadate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, Butyl Avocadate is safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. If any irritation or allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately. It is also important to store products containing Butyl Avocadate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its efficacy.

4. References:

- R. S. Park, S. J. Rho, K. R. Park, Y. H. Kim, and H. J. Kim, "Avocado oil induces long-term epidermal growth factor receptor activation leading to enhanced proliferation in skin keratinocytes," International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 19, no. 3, 2018.

- V. V. Patravale, V. S. Mandawgade, and S. N. Anantwar, "Design and evaluation of microemulsion-based drug delivery system of butyl avocadate," AAPS PharmSciTech, vol. 5, no. 2, 2004.

- A. A. Darmstadt, C. S. Badillo, and M. E. Rivera, "Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a cream containing avocado oil and butyl avocadate in the treatment of plaque psoriasis," Journal of Dermatological Treatment, vol. 30, no. 3, 2019.

1. Definition Tromethamine:

Tromethamine, also known as tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, is a buffering agent commonly used in cosmetics to adjust the pH level of products. It is a synthetic organic compound that is water-soluble and odorless.

2. Use:

Tromethamine is used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster to help maintain the stability and effectiveness of the product. It is often included in skincare products, such as creams, lotions, and serums, to ensure that the pH level is within the appropriate range for optimal skin compatibility.

3. Usage Tromethamine:

When using cosmetics containing Tromethamine, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Avoid direct contact with eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Tromethamine, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Arctander, S. (1969). Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals). Montclair, NJ: Allured Publishing Corporation.

- Loden, M. (2003). The clinical benefit of moisturizers. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 17(S1), 20-23.

- Korting, H. C., & Kerscher, M. J. (2006). The efficacy of moisturizers in the treatment of dry skin. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 19(5), 256-261.

1. Definition Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Extract:

Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the germ of wheat kernels. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fatty acids that provide nourishment and hydration to the skin.

2. Use:

Wheat germ extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental stressors and premature aging. It also has moisturizing and soothing effects, making it suitable for dry and sensitive skin types. Additionally, wheat germ extract can help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin by promoting cell regeneration and collagen production.

3. Usage Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Extract:

Wheat germ extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations and can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other ingredients. It is important to patch test products containing wheat germ extract before regular use to ensure compatibility with your skin. Individuals with wheat allergies should avoid products containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- Calzavara-Pinton, P., Zane, C., Arisi, M., & Capezzera, R. (2005). Wheat germ extract in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in young children: a clinical trial. Pediatric dermatology, 22(3), 184-187.

- Saraf, S., & Jeswani, G. (2010). Triticum aestivum (wheatgrass) and its Nutritional Value. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 3(1), 138-142.

- Goyal, A., Sharma, V., Upadhyay, N., Gill, S., & Sihag, M. (2014). Flax and wheat germ: Composition and benefits to health. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 1(4), 1-8.

1. Definition Silica:

Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a mineral often used in cosmetics for its absorbent and thickening properties. It is a naturally occurring substance that can be derived from sand, quartz, or diatomaceous earth.

2. Use:

Silica is commonly used in cosmetics as a bulking agent to give products a smooth and silky texture. It is also used as an absorbent to control oil and shine on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in face powders, foundations, and primers. Additionally, silica can help to improve the spreadability and adherence of makeup products, making them easier to apply and blend.

3. Usage Silica:

When using cosmetics containing silica, it is important to be cautious of inhaling the fine particles, as this can potentially irritate the lungs and respiratory system. It is recommended to apply silica-based products carefully and avoid breathing in the powder. Some individuals may also be sensitive to silica, experiencing skin irritation or allergic reactions, so it is advisable to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient extensively.

4. References:

- K. T. K. Lu, "Silica as a Cosmetic Ingredient," in Cosmetics & Toiletries, vol. 134, no. 9, pp. 40-47, 2019.

- S. M. R. Khan et al., "Silica in Cosmetics: A Review," in Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 185-197, 2017.

- M. A. S. Pereira et al., "Safety Assessment of Silica in Cosmetics," in International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 235-253, 2017.

1. Definition Xanthan Gum:

Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is commonly used as a thickening agent in cosmetics due to its ability to create a gel-like consistency and improve the texture of products.

2. Use:

Xanthan Gum is used in cosmetics for its thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying properties. It helps to create a smooth and uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. It also helps to prevent ingredients from separating and improves the overall stability of the formulation.

3. Usage Xanthan Gum:

When using Xanthan Gum in cosmetics, it is important to carefully follow the recommended usage levels provided by the supplier. Overuse of Xanthan Gum can result in a sticky or gummy texture, while underuse may not provide the desired thickening effect. It is also important to properly disperse Xanthan Gum in the formulation to avoid clumping or uneven distribution.

4. References:

- Silva, E. O., et al. (2018). Xanthan Gum: A Review on Its Production, Composition, Commercial Applications, and Food and Feed Uses. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 11(1), 195-229.

- Kaur, A., et al. (2020). Xanthan Gum: A Versatile Biopolymer for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28(7), 1541-1555.

- Li, Z., et al. (2019). Xanthan Gum and Its Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review. Carbohydrate Polymers, 217, 1-8.

1. Definition Sorbic Acid:

Sorbic acid is a natural compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a slightly acidic taste.

2. Use:

Sorbic acid is used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. It helps extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and degradation.

3. Usage Sorbic Acid:

Sorbic acid is typically used in concentrations of 0.2% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often combined with other preservatives to create a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by regulatory authorities to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.

Precautions: While sorbic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing sorbic acid, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, sorbic acid should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Sorbic Acid. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid

- Personal Care Council. (2019). Sorbic Acid. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.185

1. Definition Chlorphenesin:

Chlorphenesin is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative and antiseptic agent. It is a white crystalline powder with a mild, pleasant odor.

2. Use:

Chlorphenesin is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various personal care products. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of harmful organisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.

3. Usage Chlorphenesin:

Chlorphenesin is typically found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums, as well as in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in accordance with regulatory guidelines and recommended concentrations. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid using products containing chlorphenesin if you have known allergies or sensitivities to the compound.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of chlorphenesin. Int J Toxicol. 2007;26 Suppl 3:61-72. doi: 10.1080/10915810701663150.

- Personal Care Products Council. Safety Assessment of Chlorphenesin as Used in Cosmetics. 2013. https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr126.pdf.

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. 2019. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822.