Name: Prep U Charcoal Scrub Unscented
Brand: Prep U
Rating: 5 (6 reviews)

Water

Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua

Function: Solvent

1. Definition Water:

Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.

2. Use:

Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.

3. Usage Water:

When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.

- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.

Potassium Sorbate

Function: Fragrance, Preservative

1. Definition Potassium Sorbate:

Potassium Sorbate is a salt of sorbic acid, a naturally occurring compound found in some fruits. It is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria, extending the shelf life of the product.

2. Use:

Potassium Sorbate is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination. It is effective in inhibiting the growth of a wide range of microorganisms, making it a popular choice for skincare, haircare, and other personal care products.

3. Usage Potassium Sorbate:

Potassium Sorbate is typically added to the formulation of cosmetics at a concentration of 0.1-0.5% to effectively preserve the product. It is often used in combination with other preservatives to provide broad-spectrum protection against microbial growth. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by the supplier to ensure the safety and efficacy of the preservative.

4. References:

- “Potassium Sorbate.” Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/potassium-sorbate.

- “Potassium Sorbate.” Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/potassium-sorbate.

- “Potassium Sorbate: Uses, Safety, and More.” Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/potassium-sorbate.

Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract

Other Names: Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract; Rosemary Leaf Extract

Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Antioxidant, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, Antimicrobial Agent

1. Definition Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract:

Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract is a natural extract derived from the leaves of the rosemary plant. It is known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Rosemary leaf extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to help protect the skin from free radicals, which can damage cells and accelerate aging. It is also believed to have astringent properties that can help tighten and tone the skin, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging products. Additionally, rosemary leaf extract is known for its ability to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.

3. Usage Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract:

Rosemary leaf extract can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, toners, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 5%, depending on the desired benefits. When using products containing rosemary leaf extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for optimal results.

4. References:

- Chevallier, Andrew. Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine. DK Publishing, 2016.

- Dweck, Anthony C. Handbook of Cosmetic Ingredients. Taylor & Francis, 2014.

- Koleva, Iskra I. et al. "Screening of plant extracts for antioxidant activity: a comparative study on three testing methods." Phytochemical Analysis, vol. 13, no. 1, 2002, pp. 8-17.

Charcoal Powder

Function: Abrasive, Absorbent, Opacifying, Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant

1. Definition Charcoal Powder:

Charcoal powder is a fine black powder made from burning organic materials, such as wood, coconut shells, or bamboo, at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen. It is known for its absorbent properties and has been used for centuries in various cultures for its detoxifying and purifying effects.

2. Use:

Charcoal powder is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to draw out impurities and toxins from the skin. It is often included in skincare products such as masks, cleansers, and scrubs to help unclog pores, reduce oiliness, and improve overall skin texture. Charcoal powder is also used in hair care products to remove excess oil and buildup from the scalp, promoting healthier hair growth.

3. Usage Charcoal Powder:

When using charcoal powder in cosmetics, it is important to be cautious as it can be messy and stain clothing and surfaces. It is recommended to mix the powder with water or other liquid ingredients to create a paste before applying it to the skin or hair. It is also advisable to do a patch test before using charcoal powder on larger areas of the body to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. Additionally, it is best to avoid inhaling the powder as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.

4. References:

- Lee, S. (2017). Charcoal in skincare: What are the benefits? Retrieved from https://www.byrdie.com/charcoal-skincare-benefits-4770337

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

- Singh, M., & Das, R. R. (2016). Zinc for the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(6).

Bentonite

Other Names: Bentonite Clay; Gelwhite L

Function: Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Suspending Agent -Nonsurfactant

1. Definition Bentonite:

Bentonite is a type of clay derived from volcanic ash deposits and is known for its ability to absorb and remove toxins, impurities, and excess oil from the skin. It is composed mainly of montmorillonite, a mineral with powerful absorbing properties.

2. Use:

Bentonite is commonly used in cosmetics for its purifying and detoxifying properties. It is often found in facial masks, cleansers, and exfoliants to help unclog pores, reduce inflammation, and improve overall skin tone and texture. Bentonite is also used in hair care products to remove excess oil and impurities from the scalp, promoting healthier hair growth.

3. Usage Bentonite:

When using bentonite in cosmetics, it is important to mix it with water or other liquid ingredients to form a paste before applying it to the skin or hair. It is recommended to do a patch test on a small area of skin before using bentonite products to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. Avoid using bentonite on broken or irritated skin, and always follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for best results.

4. References:

- Chauhan, A., & Chauhan, P. (2019). Bentonite Clay as a Natural Remedy: A Brief Review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 9(3), 184-189.

- Williams, L. B., & Haydel, S. E. (2010). Evaluation of the medicinal use of clay minerals as antibacterial agents. International Geology Review, 52(7/8), 745-770.

- Singh, M., & Singh, S. (2017). Bentonite Clay as a Natural Remedy: A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(1), 295-299.

Saponified Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil

1. Definition Saponified Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil:

Saponified Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil is a natural ingredient derived from coconut oil through the process of saponification. Saponification involves mixing the oil with an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, resulting in the formation of soap.

2. Use:

Saponified Coconut Oil is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its cleansing and moisturizing properties. It is often found in soaps, shampoos, lotions, and creams due to its ability to gently cleanse the skin without stripping it of its natural oils.

3. Usage Saponified Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil:

When using products containing Saponified Coconut Oil, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation. It is recommended to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- "Coconut Oil: Chemistry, Production and Its Applications - A Review" by Prasanth Kumar PK, Sajini KK, and Sreejith KJ (2015)

- "Formulating with Natural Oils" by Susan M. Parker (2017)

- "The Everything Soapmaking Book: Learn How to Make Soap at Home with Recipes, Techniques, and Step-by-Step Instructions" by Alicia Grosso (2013)

Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil:

Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil is a natural ingredient that is created by the process of saponification, which involves mixing olive oil with an alkaline solution to create soap. This ingredient is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for the skin.

2. Use:

Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and nourishing properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve skin elasticity, and protect against environmental damage. This ingredient is often found in soaps, cleansers, lotions, and creams.

3. Usage Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil:

When using products containing Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. This ingredient is generally considered safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to use caution. It is recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for best results.

4. References:

- Paula Begoun, Bryan Barron, The Original Beauty Bible: Skin Care Facts for Ageless Beauty, 2009.

- Michael A. Kamins, A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients, 2010.

- Rebecca L. Johnson, The Skin You're In: Staying Healthy Inside and Out, 2019.

Saponified Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Saponified Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil:

Saponified Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil refers to sunflower oil that has undergone the process of saponification, which involves mixing the oil with an alkali substance to create soap. This results in a gentle and moisturizing soap that is suitable for use in cosmetics.

2. Use:

Saponified Sunflower Oil is commonly used in skincare products such as soaps, lotions, and creams due to its nourishing and moisturizing properties. It is known for its ability to cleanse the skin without stripping it of its natural oils, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

3. Usage Saponified Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil:

When using products containing Saponified Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. As with any skincare product, discontinue use if irritation occurs. Additionally, be cautious when using products containing saponified oils around the eyes or mucous membranes.

4. References:

- "Sunflower Oil: When and How to Use It" by Healthline (https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/sunflower-oil)

- "The Benefits of Sunflower Oil for Skin" by Byrdie (https://www.byrdie.com/sunflower-oil-for-skin-4773881)

- "Sunflower Oil Soap Benefits" by Livestrong (https://www.livestrong.com/article/325732-sunflower-oil-soap-benefits/)

Saponified Castor Oil

1. Definition Saponified Castor Oil:

Saponified Castor Oil is a natural ingredient derived from the saponification process of castor oil, which involves mixing the oil with an alkali to create a soap-like substance. This ingredient is commonly used in cosmetics for its cleansing and moisturizing properties.

2. Use:

Saponified Castor Oil is often used in skincare products such as soaps, cleansers, and moisturizers due to its ability to effectively cleanse the skin without stripping it of its natural oils. It is also known for its emollient properties, which help to hydrate and soften the skin.

3. Usage Saponified Castor Oil:

When using products containing Saponified Castor Oil, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- "Castor Oil: Properties, Uses, and Optimization of Processing Parameters in Commercial Production." International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies, vol. 2, no. 7, 2015.

- "Castor Oil and Its Applications." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, vol. 2, no. 12, 2011.

- "Castor Oil: A Potential Biodiesel Feedstock." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 14, no. 8, 2010.

Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut)

Function: Astringent

1. Definition Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut):

Juglans Nigra, commonly known as Black Walnut, is a species of walnut tree native to North America. It is known for its dark, richly colored wood and its edible nuts, which have a distinct flavor. The tree's bark, leaves, and nuts have been used for various medicinal and cosmetic purposes.

2. Use:

Black Walnut is often used in cosmetics for its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties. It is believed to help tighten and tone the skin, reduce inflammation, and soothe irritation. The extract of Black Walnut is commonly used in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums.

3. Usage Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut):

When using Black Walnut in cosmetics, it is important to be cautious as it can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using products containing Black Walnut to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions. Additionally, pregnant or nursing women should consult with a healthcare professional before using products with Black Walnut.

4. References:

- "Black Walnut Extract." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/black-walnut-extract.

- "Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut) Leaf Extract." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/juglans-nigra-black-walnut-leaf-extract.

- "Black Walnut." WebMD, www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-127/black-walnut.

Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel

1. Definition Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel:

Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel is the seed found inside the pit of the apricot fruit. It is commonly used in cosmetic formulations for its moisturizing and nourishing properties.

2. Use:

Apricot kernel oil is extracted from the kernels and is used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and lip balms. It is known for its high content of essential fatty acids, vitamins A and E, and antioxidants, which help to nourish and protect the skin. It is also lightweight and easily absorbed, making it suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel:

Apricot kernel oil can be used directly on the skin as a moisturizer or added to homemade skincare products. It can also be used as a carrier oil for essential oils. When using apricot kernel oil, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It should be stored in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to prevent oxidation.

4. References:

- Yim, E., Baek, J., Lee, S., & Kim, S. (2019). Apricot kernel oil inhibits UVB-induced skin inflammation in hairless mice. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology, 191, 1-8.

- Meier, L., & Sticher, O. (2015). Chemical composition and biological activities of extracts and essential oils of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernels. Natural Product Communications, 10(11), 1934578X1501001.

- Kim, S., Kim, S., Kim, J., & Kim, J. (2017). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of apricot kernel oil in a murine model of atopic dermatitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(8), 1774.

EWG	CIR	Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function	Notes
1	-	Water (Solvent)
2	A	Potassium Sorbate (Fragrance, Preservative)
1	B	Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (Perfuming, Fragrance, Antioxidant, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, Antimicrobial Agent)
1	-	Charcoal Powder (Abrasive, Absorbent, Opacifying, Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant)
1 2	A	Bentonite (Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Suspending Agent -Nonsurfactant)	Không tốt cho dưỡng ẩm en Không tốt cho làm sạch en Dung môi nước en Dung môi cồn en Dung môi dầu en Dung môi gel en Dung môi hữu cơ en Dung môi Silicone en Dung môi Este en Dung môi Glycol Ether en
1	-	Saponified Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil
1	A	Saponified Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning)
1	-	Saponified Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Oil (Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	A	Saponified Castor Oil	Fungal Acne Trigger
1	-	Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut) (Astringent)
1	A	Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel	Fungal Acne Trigger

Prep U Charcoal Scrub Unscented

Ingredients

Analysis results of Ingredients

Ingredient List