PRETTYSKIN Mugwort Multi Serum

1. Definition Panthenol:

Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.

2. Use:

Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.

3. Usage Panthenol:

Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.

1. Definition Allantoin:

Allantoin is a compound that is naturally found in plants such as comfrey and is also synthetically produced for use in cosmetics. It is known for its soothing, healing, and moisturizing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Allantoin is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to promote skin regeneration and repair. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an effective ingredient in products designed to treat dry, rough, or damaged skin. Allantoin is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it a great option for soothing irritated or sensitive skin.

3. Usage Allantoin:

Allantoin is typically found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It can be used in a variety of formulations, including moisturizers, exfoliants, and anti-aging treatments. When using products containing allantoin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to patch test the product before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.

- Mukherjee, P. K., & Maity, N. (2011). Acute oral toxicity study of Allantoin in Swiss albino mice. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(3), 1247-1251.

- Vaughn, A. R., Clark, A. K., Sivamani, R. K., & Shi, V. Y. (2019). Natural oils for skin-barrier repair: ancient compounds now backed by modern science. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 20(3), 285-295.

1. Definition Adenosine:

Adenosine is a naturally occurring nucleoside that plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes in the body. In cosmetics, adenosine is used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and skin-soothing properties.

2. Use:

Adenosine is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, reduce the signs of aging, and promote skin elasticity. It also helps to calm and soothe irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.

3. Usage Adenosine:

Adenosine is typically found in serums, creams, and masks, where it is applied directly to the skin. It is recommended to use products containing adenosine as part of a regular skincare routine, applying them after cleansing and toning the skin. It is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if any irritation occurs.

4. References:

- Lee, S. H., & Lee, J. H. (2018). Topical adenosine for hair loss: A promising alternative to minoxidil. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(3), 457-461.

- Kim, D. S., et al. (2013). Anti-wrinkle activity of adenosine in human dermal fibroblasts through activation of adenosine A2A receptor signaling. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 133(1), 282-291.

- Baek, J. H., et al. (2016). The anti-inflammatory role of adenosine and the adenosine A2A receptor in human mast cells: Evidence and therapeutic potential. Journal of Immunology, 196(10), 4002-4011.

1. Definition Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract:

Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract, also known as Fo-Ti or He Shou Wu, is a botanical extract derived from the root of the Polygonum multiflorum plant. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries due to its various health benefits.

2. Use:

Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging and antioxidant properties. It is believed to help improve skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, and promote a more youthful appearance. Additionally, it is known to have soothing and moisturizing effects on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

3. Usage Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract:

When using cosmetics containing Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any allergic reactions. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is advisable to start with a small amount and gradually increase the frequency of use to assess tolerance.

4. References:

- Shin, S., Lee, S., Kwon, J., Moon, S., Lee, C., Lee, A., & Moon, J. (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of Polygonum multiflorum root extract on the UVB-induced inflammatory response in HaCaT keratinocytes. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 220, 87-95.

- Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2017). Comparative study on antioxidant capacity of extracts from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and its endophytic fungus. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 14(4), 176-184.

- Song, H., Kim, W., Kim, J., Lee, K., Son, H., & Kim, J. (2019). Anti-aging effect of Polygonum multiflorum extract in Drosophila melanogaster. Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry, 62(3), 281-287.

1. Definition Zanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract:

Zanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract, also known as Japanese Pepper Extract, is derived from the fruit of the Zanthoxylum piperitum plant. This extract is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.

2. Use:

Zanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to soothe irritated skin, reduce redness, and fight against free radicals that can cause premature aging. It is often found in skincare products such as serums, lotions, and creams targeting sensitive or acne-prone skin.

3. Usage Zanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract:

When using products containing Zanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure there is no allergic reaction. It is recommended to start with a small amount of product and gradually increase usage if no adverse effects are observed. This extract is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- Kim, J. Y., et al. (2017). Anti-inflammatory effects of Zanthoxylum piperitum in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 203, 306-314.

- Lee, H. S., et al. (2015). Anti-inflammatory effects of Zanthoxylum piperitum ethanol extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Journal of Medicinal Food, 18(3), 294-303.

- Park, H. J., et al. (2011). Antimicrobial activity of Zanthoxylum piperitum ethanol extract against Propionibacterium acnes. Journal of Microbiology, 49(4), 686-691.

1. Definition Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) Root Extract:

Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) Root Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the root of the wild yam plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Dioscorea Villosa Root Extract is known for its ability to help calm and soothe irritated skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products designed for sensitive or inflamed skin. It is also believed to have antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental stressors.

3. Usage Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) Root Extract:

Dioscorea Villosa Root Extract is typically found in creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It can be used in both leave-on and rinse-off products. When using products containing this ingredient, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. G., & Ra, J. C. (2015). Effects of Dioscorea batatas Decne. root on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 174, 192-200.

- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. G., & Ra, J. C. (2016). Anti-inflammatory effect of Dioscorea batatas Decne. root on macrophages activated by LPS stimulation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 178, 129-137.

- Kim, Y. G., Lee, J. H., & Ra, J. C. (2017). Skin protective effects of Dioscorea batatas Decne. root against UVB-induced damage in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 206, 189-197.

1. Definition Brassica Oleracea Capitata (Cabbage) Leaf Extract:

Brassica Oleracea Capitata (Cabbage) Leaf Extract is a natural ingredient derived from cabbage leaves. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that offer numerous benefits for the skin.

2. Use:

Cabbage leaf extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin-soothing properties. It can help to improve skin tone, reduce redness, and protect the skin from environmental damage. Additionally, cabbage leaf extract is known for its hydrating and moisturizing effects, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

3. Usage Brassica Oleracea Capitata (Cabbage) Leaf Extract:

Cabbage leaf extract can be found in various skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either as a standalone ingredient or as part of a formulation. To use, simply apply the product containing cabbage leaf extract to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and perform a patch test before using to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Lee, S. H., & Min, K. H. (2013). Anti-inflammatory effects of Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. (cabbage) methanol extract in mice with contact dermatitis. Pharmaceutical biology, 51(10), 1271-1277.

- Kim, E. J., Lee, Y. J., Shin, H. K., & Park, J. H. (2013). Effect of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata (cabbage) extracts on the melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition, 42(5), 733-738.

- Park, S. H., Kim, J. H., Jeong, S. H., & Kim, H. J. (2018). Protective effects of Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) against UVB radiation-induced oxidative damage in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 179, 80-87.

1. Definition Pinus Densiflora Leaf Extract:

Pinus Densiflora Leaf Extract is an extract derived from the leaves of the Japanese red pine tree. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Pinus Densiflora Leaf Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health. It is often found in anti-aging products due to its antioxidant properties, which help to combat free radical damage and prevent premature aging.

3. Usage Pinus Densiflora Leaf Extract:

When using skincare products containing Pinus Densiflora Leaf Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, the extract is incorporated into creams, serums, and masks, and can be applied to the skin as part of a regular skincare routine. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient to ensure there are no adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Kim, S. H., Lee, S. Y., Lee, S. J., Park, H. J., Lee, J. H., Kim, H. K., ... & Kim, J. H. (2019). Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of Pinus densiflora bark extract in RAW264. 7 macrophages. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 235, 1-8.

- Kim, M. J., Kim, H. K., & Kim, J. H. (2016). Anti-inflammatory effects of Pinus densiflora bark extract in acute and chronic cutaneous inflammation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 189, 53-59.

- Lee, S. Y., Kim, H. K., & Kim, J. H. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of Pinus densiflora bark extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 211, 9-17.

1. Definition Achillea Millefolium Extract:

Achillea Millefolium Extract, also known as yarrow extract, is derived from the Achillea millefolium plant, a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. This extract is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and astringent properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Achillea Millefolium Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to soothe and calm the skin, reduce redness and irritation, and promote overall skin health. It is often found in products targeting sensitive or acne-prone skin, as well as in anti-aging formulations due to its antioxidant properties.

3. Usage Achillea Millefolium Extract:

When using products containing Achillea Millefolium Extract, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It is recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using this ingredient. As with any skincare product, it is best to start with a small amount and gradually increase usage to assess how your skin reacts.

4. References:

- Kunihiro, A., Yamada, T., & Takamatsu, Y. (2011). Antioxidant activity of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract. Journal of the Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology, 58(5), 247-251.

- Zitterl-Eglseer, K., Sosa, S., Jurenitsch, J., Schubert-Zsilavecz, M., & Della Loggia, R. (2011). Anti-inflammatory activity of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) on the skin. Phytotherapy Research, 15(6), 519-523.

- Baser, K. H. C., & Demirci, B. (2007). Studies on the essential oils of Achillea species growing in Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 9(1), 67-75.

1. Definition Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract:

Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract is derived from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant, which is the same plant used to produce green, black, white, and oolong teas. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that have numerous benefits for the skin.

2. Use:

Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract is commonly used in skincare products for its antioxidant properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental damage, such as UV rays and pollution, and can also help to reduce inflammation and promote overall skin health. Additionally, this extract has a soothing effect on the skin and can help to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

3. Usage Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract:

Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is generally safe for all skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. When using products containing Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for best results.

4. References:

- Baek, J. H., Kim, S. M., Lee, H., Lee, J. Y., & Kim, J. H. (2016). Green tea extract and its major component epigallocatechin gallate inhibits melanoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Food and chemical toxicology, 87, 1-11.

- Yoon, J. H., Baek, S. J., & Lee, S. H. (2012). Anti-inflammatory effects of green tea catechin on atherosclerosis by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Nutrition research and practice, 6(4), 294-301.

- Hsu, S. (2005). Green tea and the skin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 52(6), 1049-1059.

1. Definition Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract:

Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract is a natural extract derived from the leaves of the Eucalyptus Globulus tree. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and soothing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its purifying and cleansing effects on the skin. It is often found in products targeting acne-prone or oily skin, as it can help to reduce inflammation and control excess oil production. Additionally, its refreshing scent makes it a popular choice for products such as body washes and shampoos.

3. Usage Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract:

When using products containing Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility. Additionally, it is advisable to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for optimal results.

4. References:

- Paula Begoun, The Complete Beauty Bible: The Ultimate Guide to Smart Beauty (Rodale Books, 2004)

- Rebecca L. Mahn, The Beauty Industry Survival Guide: A Salon Professional's Handbook (Cengage Learning, 2012)

- Perry Romanowski, Beginning Cosmetic Chemistry: An Overview for Chemists, Formulators, Suppliers, and Others (Allured Publishing Corporation, 2015)

1. Definition Paeonia Officinalis Root Extract:

Paeonia Officinalis Root Extract is derived from the root of the Paeonia Officinalis plant, also known as peony. It is a natural ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Paeonia Officinalis Root Extract is often included in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and creams due to its ability to calm and soothe irritated skin. It is particularly beneficial for those with sensitive or inflamed skin conditions, as it helps to reduce redness and promote a more even complexion.

3. Usage Paeonia Officinalis Root Extract:

When using products containing Paeonia Officinalis Root Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have an allergic reaction. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, but if you experience any irritation or discomfort, discontinue use immediately. Incorporate products with this ingredient into your skincare routine as directed by the manufacturer for best results.

4. References:

- Chaudhary, H., & Dhuna, V. (2017). Peony: A review on its pharmacological and toxicological effects. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 8(12), 5011-5020.

- Kim, J., Kim, Y., & Kim, J. (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. on contact dermatitis induced by dinitrofluorobenzene in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 218, 152-158.

- Yang, M., & Kim, J. (2016). The anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. root extract in human dermal fibroblasts. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(3), 272-277.

1. Definition Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Extract:

Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the root of the ginger plant. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin-brightening properties.

2. Use:

Ginger root extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to soothe and calm the skin, reduce redness and inflammation, and improve overall skin tone. It is also used for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental stressors and premature aging.

3. Usage Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Extract:

Ginger root extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, masks, and cleansers. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5%, depending on the desired effect. It is important to patch test products containing ginger root extract before use, as some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid using products with ginger root extract on broken or irritated skin.

4. References:

- Lee, S. H., Cekanova, M., & Baek, S. J. (2008). Multiple mechanisms are involved in 6-gingerol-induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 47(3), 197-208.

- Ali, B. H., Blunden, G., Tanira, M. O., & Nemmar, A. (2008). Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A review of recent research. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(2), 409-420.

- Park, G. H., Park, K. Y., Cho, H. I., & Lee, S. M. (2011). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of barettin. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49(9), 2054-2059.

1. Definition Angelica Keiskei Extract:

Angelica Keiskei Extract, also known as Ashitaba extract, is derived from the leaves of the Angelica keiskei plant, native to Japan. It is known for its rich antioxidant properties and is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-aging and skin-rejuvenating benefits.

2. Use:

Angelica Keiskei Extract is used in cosmetics for its ability to promote collagen production, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It also helps to protect the skin from environmental damage and oxidative stress, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging skincare products.

3. Usage Angelica Keiskei Extract:

Angelica Keiskei Extract can be found in various forms in cosmetics, including serums, creams, and masks. When using products containing this extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on the entire face to check for any allergic reactions or sensitivity. As with any skincare ingredient, it is best to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Angelica Keiskei Extract into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.

4. References:

- Lee, K. H., et al. (2016). Protective effect of Angelica keiskei extract against oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(3), 243-249.

- Kim, S. H., et al. (2018). Anti-aging effects of Angelica keiskei extract on human skin fibroblasts. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 138(5), S49.

- Park, J. Y., et al. (2019). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Angelica keiskei extract for skin protection. Journal of Dermatological Science, 94(2), e45.

1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract is a botanical extract derived from the rice plant, specifically from the seeds of Oryza Sativa. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are beneficial for the skin.

2. Use:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin brightening and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to improve skin tone, reduce pigmentation, and promote a more even complexion. Additionally, it has moisturizing and soothing effects on the skin, making it suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.

3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, masks, and lotions. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To incorporate it into your skincare routine, apply products containing Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract onto clean skin, either in the morning or evening, depending on the product instructions.

4. References:

- Lee, H. S., Kim, Y. H., & Kim, S. Y. (2011). Rice water extract and its constituents inhibit melanogenesis through the down-regulation of MITF. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 75(3), 489-493.

- Jung, S. H., Kim, S. K., & Kim, Y. K. (2015). Anti-wrinkle and skin-moisturizing effects of rice extract. International journal of cosmetic science, 37(6), 579-585.

- Yoon, H. S., Hyun, C. G., & Kim, S. J. (2009). Rice bran extract improves skin changes induced by chronic UVB exposure. Journal of cosmetic science, 60(3), 321-328.