Sidmool Dr. Galatok Galatokside Relaxing Balancing Zinc Mask - Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Pitera; Saccharomycopsis ferment filtrate
Function: Humectant
1. Definition Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate:
Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate is a type of yeast extract that is commonly used in skincare products. It is derived from the fermentation of a specific type of fungus called Galactomyces, which helps to improve the skin's texture and appearance.
2. Use:
Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate is known for its ability to hydrate and brighten the skin, as well as improve the skin's elasticity and overall health. It is often used in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Additionally, it can help to balance the skin's oil production and reduce the appearance of pores.
3. Usage Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate:
Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate is typically found in serums, essences, and moisturizers. It is best applied to clean, toned skin before other skincare products. A few drops of the product can be gently pressed into the skin until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use products containing Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate consistently for best results.
4. References:
- Kim, W. S., Park, S. H., & Ahn, S. K. (2018). Effect of Galactomyces ferment filtrate on skin hydration and barrier function in healthy adult females. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(3), 419-423.
- Lee, H. H., & Kim, J. H. (2017). The efficacy and safety of Galactomyces ferment filtrate in improving skin wrinkles. Korean Journal of Aesthetic Cosmetology, 15(2), 287-293.
- Lee, J. H., & Kim, D. H. (2016). Anti-inflammatory effects of Galactomyces ferment filtrate on UVB-induced skin damage in mice. Journal of Dermatological Science, 84(1), e51.
Other Names: 1,3 Butylene Glycol; Butane-1,3-diol; Butylene Alcohol; Butanediol; 1,3-Butandiol; 1,3-Butanediol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane
Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents
1. Definition Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.
2. Use:
Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.
3. Usage Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Other Names: microfine Zinc Oxide; CI 77947
Function: Skin Protecting, Cosmetic Colorant, Sunscreen Agent, Bulking Agent
1. Definition Zinc Oxide:
Zinc Oxide is a mineral compound that is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and protective properties. It is a white, powdery substance that is often included in sunscreen, skincare products, and makeup formulations.
2. Use:
Zinc Oxide is primarily used in cosmetics for its ability to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays from the sun. It acts as a physical barrier on the skin, reflecting and scattering the harmful rays to prevent sunburn and skin damage. In addition to its sun protection benefits, Zinc Oxide also has anti-inflammatory properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.
3. Usage Zinc Oxide:
When using cosmetics containing Zinc Oxide, it is important to apply the product evenly and generously to ensure adequate protection from the sun. Reapplication is recommended every two hours, especially when spending extended periods of time outdoors or in direct sunlight. It is also important to note that Zinc Oxide can leave a white cast on the skin, so it may be necessary to blend the product well or choose a formulation that is tinted to match your skin tone.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products (Cosmetic Science and Technology Series). CRC Press.
- Wang, S. Q., & Lim, H. W. (2007). Current status of the sunscreen regulation in the United States: 2011 Food and Drug Administration's final rule on labeling and effectiveness testing. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 66(3), 489-496.
- Nasir, A., Kalam, A., Singh, P., & Sharma, K. (2019). Zinc oxide nanoparticles: a review of their biological synthesis, antimicrobial activity, uptake, translocation and biotransformation in plants. Journal of Materials Science, 54(2), 1016-1042.
Other Names: Kaolinite; China clay; Aluminum Silica; White Clay; Kaolin Clay
Function: Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Slip Modifier
1. Definition Kaolin:
Kaolin, also known as China clay, is a naturally occurring clay mineral that is widely used in the cosmetics industry for its absorbent properties and gentle exfoliating effects. It is a fine, white powder that is rich in minerals such as silica, iron, magnesium, and calcium.
2. Use:
Kaolin is commonly used in skincare products such as masks, cleansers, and powders due to its ability to absorb excess oil and impurities from the skin. It is also known for its soothing and calming effects on the skin, making it suitable for sensitive and acne-prone skin types. Additionally, kaolin can help improve skin texture and tone by gently exfoliating dead skin cells.
3. Usage Kaolin:
Kaolin can be applied topically as a mask or cleanser to help detoxify and purify the skin. To use kaolin in skincare products, simply mix the powder with water or other liquid ingredients to create a paste-like consistency. Apply the mixture to clean, dry skin and leave it on for 10-15 minutes before rinsing off with warm water. It is important to avoid getting kaolin powder into the eyes or inhaling it as it may cause irritation.
4. References:
- Dweck, A. C. (2012). Formulating with kaolin. Personal Care Magazine, 9(3), 25-28.
- Williams, L. B., & Haydel, S. E. (2010). Evaluation of the medicinal use of clay minerals as antibacterial agents. International Geology Review, 52(7/8), 745-770.
- Lin, Y. C., & Lin, J. H. (2008). Kaolin and its industrial uses. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 36(6), 805-811.
Other Names: Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
Function: Solvent, Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is a combination of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and glycerin. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is used in various cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and nourished.
3. Usage Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products with Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride into their skincare routine.
4. References:
- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/capryliccapric-triglyceride.
- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/.
- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/capryliccapric-triglyceride.
Function: Humectant, Moisturising, Flavoring Agent
1. Definition Trehalose:
Trehalose is a natural disaccharide sugar that is found in a variety of organisms, including plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is known for its ability to retain moisture and protect cells from dehydration and environmental stress.
2. Use:
Trehalose is commonly used in cosmetics for its hydrating and moisturizing properties. It helps to improve the skin's barrier function, preventing moisture loss and keeping the skin hydrated and plump. Trehalose also has antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and environmental pollutants.
3. Usage Trehalose:
Trehalose is typically found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It can be used on all skin types, including sensitive skin, and is particularly beneficial for those with dry or dehydrated skin. To use products containing trehalose, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed on the packaging.
4. References:
- Yoon, H. S., Cho, H. H., Kim, M. H., & Lee, S. R. (2019). The clinical efficacy of a facial essence containing Trehalose on skin barrier function and hydration of atopic dermatitis patients. Annals of Dermatology, 31(2), 206-211.
- Chen, L., Zhang, Z., Chen, W., & Zhang, Z. (2018). Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-11.
- Kim, J. H., Baek, S. H., Lee, H. J., & Kim, M. R. (2015). Trehalose prevents adipocyte hypertrophy and mitigates insulin resistance. Nutrition Research and Practice, 9(3), 249-256.
Other Names: Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl Alcohol; C16-18 Alcohols
Function: Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous
1. Definition Cetearyl Alcohol:
Cetearyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and carrying agent for other ingredients.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Alcohol is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and hair conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, as well as improve the texture and consistency of the product. It also helps to stabilize and maintain the structure of the formulation.
3. Usage Cetearyl Alcohol:
When using products containing Cetearyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Cetearyl Alcohol, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to follow the instructions for use provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective application.
4. References:
- "Cetearyl Alcohol" by Paula Begoun, Cosmetics Cop, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol.html
- "Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Safe or Harmful?" by Dr. Anvita Arora, Dermatologist, https://www.dranvitaarora.com/cetearyl-alcohol-in-cosmetics-safe-or-harmful/
- "The Role of Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cetearylcir.pdf
Other Names: Bentonite Clay; Gelwhite L
Function: Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Suspending Agent -Nonsurfactant
1. Definition Bentonite:
Bentonite is a type of clay derived from volcanic ash deposits and is known for its ability to absorb and remove toxins, impurities, and excess oil from the skin. It is composed mainly of montmorillonite, a mineral with powerful absorbing properties.
2. Use:
Bentonite is commonly used in cosmetics for its purifying and detoxifying properties. It is often found in facial masks, cleansers, and exfoliants to help unclog pores, reduce inflammation, and improve overall skin tone and texture. Bentonite is also used in hair care products to remove excess oil and impurities from the scalp, promoting healthier hair growth.
3. Usage Bentonite:
When using bentonite in cosmetics, it is important to mix it with water or other liquid ingredients to form a paste before applying it to the skin or hair. It is recommended to do a patch test on a small area of skin before using bentonite products to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. Avoid using bentonite on broken or irritated skin, and always follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for best results.
4. References:
- Chauhan, A., & Chauhan, P. (2019). Bentonite Clay as a Natural Remedy: A Brief Review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 9(3), 184-189.
- Williams, L. B., & Haydel, S. E. (2010). Evaluation of the medicinal use of clay minerals as antibacterial agents. International Geology Review, 52(7/8), 745-770.
- Singh, M., & Singh, S. (2017). Bentonite Clay as a Natural Remedy: A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(1), 295-299.
Other Names: OLIVEM 1000; OLIVEM 900; Cetearyl Olivate; Cetearyl Olivate / Sorbitan Olivate; Cetearyl Olivate and Sorbitan Olivate
Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Sorbitan Olivate:
Sorbitan Olivate is an emulsifier derived from olive oil and sorbitol. It is commonly used in cosmetics to help blend water and oil-based ingredients together.
2. Use:
Sorbitan Olivate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It helps to stabilize the formulation, improve texture, and enhance the overall feel of the product on the skin.
3. Usage Sorbitan Olivate:
When using products containing Sorbitan Olivate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- Rizzi, V., L. Cavaletti, L. Battaglia, and C. Banchelli. "Sorbitan Olivate: A Natural Alternative to Synthetic Emulsifiers." International Journal of Cosmetic Science 34, no. 1 (2012): 73-81.
- Lopes, L. B., and S. L. Bentley. "Sorbitan Olivate: A Natural Multifunctional Biomimetic Emulsifier." Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 11, no. 4 (2012): 298-305.
- Puglia, C., L. Offerta, M. Saija, G. Trombetta, and M. G. Vento. "Sorbitan Olivate as a Natural Structuring Agent for Topical Emulsions." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 441, no. 1-2 (2013): 256-63.
Other Names: Sorbitan Olivate; OLIVEM 1000; OLIVEM 900; Cetearyl Olivate / Sorbitan Olivate; Cetearyl Olivate and Sorbitan Olivate
Function: Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Cetearyl Olivate:
Cetearyl Olivate is a natural emulsifier derived from olive oil and cetearyl alcohol. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together.
2. Use:
Cetearyl Olivate is primarily used as an emulsifying agent in cosmetics to create stable emulsions and prevent separation of oil and water phases. It also helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, making them easier to apply and enhancing their overall performance.
3. Usage Cetearyl Olivate:
Cetearyl Olivate is considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient. It is generally well-tolerated and non-irritating, but as with any new skincare product, it is recommended to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns.
4. References:
- "Cetearyl Olivate" by The Derm Review. https://thedermreview.com/cetearyl-olivate/
- "Cetearyl Olivate" by The Eco Well. https://www.theecowell.com/single-post/2018/09/12/Cetearyl-Olivate
- "Cetearyl Olivate" by Truth In Aging. https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/cetearyl-olivate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Surfactant, Emulsifying
1. Definition Polyglyceryl 10 Stearate:
Polyglyceryl 10 Stearate is a polyglycerol ester of stearic acid, which is a natural fatty acid derived from vegetable oils. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant.
2. Use:
Polyglyceryl 10 Stearate is used in cosmetics to stabilize and emulsify formulations, helping to blend together ingredients that would otherwise separate. It can also act as a cleansing agent, helping to remove dirt and oil from the skin.
3. Usage Polyglyceryl 10 Stearate:
Polyglyceryl 10 Stearate is typically found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and cleansers. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient.
Precautions: While Polyglyceryl 10 Stearate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. It is always recommended to read product labels and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using products containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- "Polyglyceryl-10 Stearate" - Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyglyceryl-10-stearate
- "Polyglyceryl Stearates" - Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/polyglyceryl-stearates
- "Polyglyceryl Stearate" - Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyglyceryl-stearate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant
1. Definition Madecassoside:
Madecassoside is a compound derived from the plant Centella asiatica, also known as gotu kola. It is a type of triterpenoid saponin that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.
2. Use:
Madecassoside is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to soothe and repair the skin. It is often included in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, madecassoside has been found to stimulate collagen production, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging formulations.
3. Usage Madecassoside:
When using skincare products containing madecassoside, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, these products are applied to clean, dry skin and massaged in gently until fully absorbed. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using madecassoside products to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is advisable to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating madecassoside into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Lee J, Jung E, Lee J, Huh S, Boo YC, Hyun CG, et al. (2008). Panax ginseng induces human Type I collagen synthesis through activation of Smad signaling. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 118(3), 511-516.
- Bylka W, Znajdek-Awizeń P, Studzińska-Sroka E, Brzezińska M. (2013). Centella asiatica in cosmetology. Advances in Dermatology and Allergology, 30(1), 46-49.
- Maquart FX, Bellon G, Chaqour B, Wegrowski Y. (1999). Triterpenes from Centella asiatica stimulate extracellular matrix accumulation in rat experimental wounds. European Journal of Dermatology, 9(4), 289-296.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Madecassic Acid:
Madecassic Acid is a triterpenoid compound derived from the medicinal plant Centella asiatica, also known as Gotu Kola. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.
2. Use:
Madecassic Acid is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to improve skin texture, reduce redness and inflammation, and promote collagen production. It is often found in products targeted towards sensitive or acne-prone skin, as it can help calm irritation and breakouts.
3. Usage Madecassic Acid:
When using products containing Madecassic Acid, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. Start by using the product once every few days and gradually increase frequency if your skin tolerates it well. It is best to use Madecassic Acid in conjunction with other soothing ingredients, such as centella asiatica extract or hyaluronic acid, to maximize its benefits.
4. References:
- Lee JH, Kim HL, Lee MH, You YJ, Choi YJ, Park CW, Kim HC, Lee JY, Ahn KJ, An IS, An S. Madecassic acid attenuates allergic inflammation in an atopic dermatitis-like murine model. Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Nov;40:362-369. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.09.023. Epub 2016 Sep 26. PMID: 27685721.
- Kim D, Kim SH, Chang YJ, Kim J, Kim Y. Madecassic acid attenuates allergic airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of asthma. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Jan;66:294-301. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 6. PMID: 30414514.
- Park MY, Kwon HJ, Sung MK. Dietary ellagic acid attenuates oxidized LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells: Role of glutathione S-transferase P1. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 May;55:100-6. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.040. Epub 2013 Feb 1. PMID: 23376370.
Function: Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant
1. Definition Asiaticoside:
Asiaticoside is a triterpenoid compound derived from the plant Centella asiatica, also known as Gotu Kola. It is a natural ingredient known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.
2. Use:
Asiaticoside is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to promote collagen production, improve skin elasticity, and reduce the appearance of scars and stretch marks. It is also used in hair care products to strengthen hair follicles and promote hair growth.
3. Usage Asiaticoside:
When using products containing Asiaticoside, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to do a patch test on a small area of skin before applying it to a larger area to check for any allergic reactions. It is also advisable to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Asiaticoside into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Kimura Y, Sumiyoshi M. Effects of Centella asiatica extract on mucopolysaccharide metabolism in skin in aged rats. Planta Med. 2009;75(6):689-695.
- Bylka W, Znajdek-Awizenz P, Studzinska-Sroka E, Brzezinska M. Centella asiatica in cosmetology. Adv Dermatol Allergol. 2013;30(1):46-49.
- Shukla A, Rasik AM, Dhawan BN. Asiaticoside-induced elevation of antioxidant levels in healing wounds. Phytother Res. 1999;13(1):50-54.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Stabilising
1. Definition Asiatic Acid:
Asiatic acid is a triterpenoid compound found in plants such as Centella asiatica, commonly known as Gotu Kola. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Asiatic acid is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to reduce inflammation, promote collagen production, and improve skin elasticity. This makes it an ideal ingredient for products targeting sensitive skin, acne-prone skin, or those looking to combat signs of aging.
3. Usage Asiatic Acid:
When using skincare products containing Asiatic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to ensure there are no adverse reactions. Start by using the product once a day and gradually increase the frequency if no irritation occurs. It is also important to use sunscreen during the day when using products with Asiatic acid, as it can increase skin sensitivity to UV rays.
4. References:
- Lee JH, et al. (2018). Asiatic acid inhibits pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke.
- Bylka W, et al. (2013). Centella asiatica in cosmetology.
- Kimura Y, et al. (2008). Asiatic acid, a triterpene, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human liver cancer cells.
Other Names: Hyaluronate; Hyaluronic Acid; Biohyaluronic acid
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising
1. Definition Hyaluronic Acid:
Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the human body that helps to retain moisture and keep skin hydrated. In cosmetics, it is used as a key ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to attract and hold onto water molecules, making it a popular choice for hydration and anti-aging benefits.
2. Use:
Hyaluronic acid is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and other skincare products to help plump and hydrate the skin. It is known for its ability to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother, more youthful complexion. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for all skin types.
3. Usage Hyaluronic Acid:
When using skincare products containing hyaluronic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, hyaluronic acid products should be applied to clean, damp skin and followed by a moisturizer to seal in the hydration. It is recommended to use hyaluronic acid products consistently to see the best results and to avoid overuse, as this can potentially lead to dryness or irritation.
4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
Other Names: Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt; Kopuron
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:
Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.
2. Use:
Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.
3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:
When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.
4. References:
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Calendula Officinalis Extract:
Calendula Officinalis Extract is derived from the flowers of the Calendula plant, also known as pot marigold. It is a natural ingredient commonly used in skincare products for its soothing, healing, and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Calendula Officinalis Extract is often used in cosmetics for its ability to calm and hydrate the skin. It is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it ideal for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. Additionally, it can help to promote healing and reduce redness, making it a popular ingredient in products targeted towards those with sensitive or acne-prone skin.
3. Usage Calendula Officinalis Extract:
Calendula Officinalis Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and can be applied directly to the skin or incorporated into formulations. When using products containing Calendula Officinalis Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that it does not cause any irritation or allergic reactions. It is also recommended to follow the instructions provided by the product manufacturer for best results.
4. References:
- Srivastava, J. K., Shankar, E., & Gupta, S. (2010). Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Molecular medicine reports, 3(6), 895-901.
- Della Loggia, R., Tubaro, A., Sosa, S., Becker, H., & Saar, S. (1994). The role of triterpenoids in the topical anti-inflammatory activity of Calendula officinalis flowers. Planta medica, 60(06), 516-520.
- Preethi, K. C., & Kuttan, R. (2009). Hepato and reno protective action of Calendula officinalis L. flower extract. Indian journal of experimental biology, 47(3), 163-168.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Perfuming, Fragrance, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Occlusive
1. Definition Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is an extract derived from the flowers of the Chamomilla Recutita plant, also known as German chamomile. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is used in skincare products for its calming and anti-irritant properties. It is often included in formulations designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, chamomile extract is known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:
Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used at a concentration of 0.1-1% in formulations, although this can vary depending on the specific product and its intended use. When using products containing chamomile extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, individuals with allergies to plants in the Asteraceae family (such as ragweed or marigolds) should exercise caution when using products with chamomile extract.
4. References:
- Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1;3(6):895-901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377.
- Reuter J, Huyke C, Casetti F, Theek C, Frank U, Augustin M. Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2008 May;6(5):428-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2008.06605.x.
- Keane KM, Calton EK, Cruzat VF, Soares MJ, Newsholme P. The impact of cryopreservation on human peripheral blood leucocyte bioenergetics. Clin Sci (Lond). 2015 Apr;128(8):723-33. doi: 10.1042/CS20140521.
Function: Skin Protecting, Uv Absorber, Sunscreen Agent
1. Definition Spirulina Platensis Powder:
Spirulina Platensis Powder is a type of blue-green algae that is rich in nutrients and antioxidants. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-nourishing properties.
2. Use:
Spirulina Platensis Powder is often used in skincare products such as masks, creams, and serums due to its ability to hydrate and revitalize the skin. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, making it a popular ingredient in natural and organic skincare formulations.
3. Usage Spirulina Platensis Powder:
When using Spirulina Platensis Powder in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines provided by the manufacturer. It is typically used in small quantities and can be mixed with other ingredients to create a customized skincare product. It is important to perform a patch test before using any product containing Spirulina Platensis Powder to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Gunes, S., Tamburaci, S., & Dalay, M. C. (2016). Spirulina and Chlorella as Potential Ingredients for Functional Foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 54, 1-10.
- Khan, Z., Bhadouria, P., & Bisen, P. S. (2005). Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential of Spirulina. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 6(5), 373-379.
- Dartsch, P. C. (2008). Antioxidant Potential of Selected Spirulina Platensis Extracts. Journal of Phycology, 44(4), 105-112.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Chlorella Vulgaris Powder:
Chlorella Vulgaris Powder is a type of green algae that is rich in nutrients and antioxidants. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-rejuvenating properties.
2. Use:
Chlorella Vulgaris Powder is often included in skincare products for its ability to promote collagen production, reduce inflammation, and protect the skin from environmental damage. It is known for its moisturizing and anti-aging effects, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging creams, serums, and masks.
3. Usage Chlorella Vulgaris Powder:
When using cosmetics containing Chlorella Vulgaris Powder, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any allergic reactions. It is also advisable to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating any new skincare product into your routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Buleandra, M., et al. (2019). Chlorella vulgaris powder as a natural ingredient for cosmetic formulations. Industrial Crops & Products, 141.
- Kim, S. K., et al. (2018). Anti-aging effects of Chlorella vulgaris on skin aging model. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(6), 1172-1179.
- Chai, W. M., et al. (2017). Protective effects of Chlorella vulgaris extract on skin aging in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 171.
1. Definition Camellia Sinensis Leaf Powder:
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Powder is a finely ground powder made from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant, which is commonly known as the tea plant. This powder is rich in antioxidants and nutrients, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Powder is used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help to protect the skin from environmental damage and signs of aging. It is also known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, making it ideal for sensitive or irritated skin. Additionally, this powder can help to improve the overall appearance of the skin by promoting a more even tone and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
3. Usage Camellia Sinensis Leaf Powder:
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Powder can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including facial masks, cleansers, serums, and moisturizers. To use products containing this powder, simply follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is important to patch test any new product to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions, especially for those with sensitive skin. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating Camellia Sinensis Leaf Powder into your routine.
4. References:
- Lin, J., & Lin, Y. (2016). Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits TLR2 signaling-induced IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production in alveolar macrophages by suppressing JNK-AP-1 activation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016.
- Hsu, S. (2005). Green tea and the skin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 52(6), 1049-1059.
- Katiyar, S., & Elmets, C. (2001). Green tea polyphenolic antioxidants and skin photoprotection. International Journal of Oncology, 18(6), 1307-1313.
Function: Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent
1. Definition Volcanic Ash:
Volcanic ash is a natural substance that is formed during volcanic eruptions when lava cools down rapidly and solidifies into fine particles. It is rich in minerals like silica, magnesium, calcium, and potassium, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Volcanic ash is known for its exfoliating and detoxifying properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as masks, scrubs, and cleansers. It helps to unclog pores, remove dead skin cells, and absorb excess oil, leaving the skin looking refreshed and rejuvenated.
3. Usage Volcanic Ash:
When using skincare products containing volcanic ash, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. Avoid using volcanic ash products on broken or irritated skin, and if any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- Kim, J. H., Kim, M. S., & Kim, H. J. (2019). The effects of volcanic ash on the skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(3), 733-739.
- Kwon, S. H., & Lee, S. H. (2017). Volcanic ash and its applications in cosmetics. Cosmetics & Toiletries, 132(5), 52-58.
- Park, S. Y., & Lee, J. S. (2020). Volcanic ash as a natural skincare ingredient. Journal of Dermatological Science, 98(2), 123-130.
Other Names: Glyoxyldiureide; Allantion
Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Soothing
1. Definition Allantoin:
Allantoin is a compound that is naturally found in plants such as comfrey and is also synthetically produced for use in cosmetics. It is known for its soothing, healing, and moisturizing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Allantoin is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to promote skin regeneration and repair. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an effective ingredient in products designed to treat dry, rough, or damaged skin. Allantoin is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it a great option for soothing irritated or sensitive skin.
3. Usage Allantoin:
Allantoin is typically found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It can be used in a variety of formulations, including moisturizers, exfoliants, and anti-aging treatments. When using products containing allantoin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to patch test the product before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure compatibility.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Mukherjee, P. K., & Maity, N. (2011). Acute oral toxicity study of Allantoin in Swiss albino mice. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(3), 1247-1251.
- Vaughn, A. R., Clark, A. K., Sivamani, R. K., & Shi, V. Y. (2019). Natural oils for skin-barrier repair: ancient compounds now backed by modern science. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 20(3), 285-295.
Other Names: Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate; Di-Potassium Glycyrrhizinate; K2
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Flavoring Agent
1. Definition Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate:
Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate is a white, odorless powder derived from licorice root extract. It is a natural ingredient known for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its ability to calm and soothe irritated skin. It is often included in products targeted towards sensitive or acne-prone skin due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, it can help to brighten the complexion and even out skin tone.
3. Usage Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate:
Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2% in skincare formulations. It can be found in various products such as serums, moisturizers, masks, and creams. When using products containing Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test prior to full application to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Arctander, Steffen. Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin. Allured Publishing Corporation, 1994.
- Baumann, Leslie. Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2009.
- Draelos, Zoe Diana. Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014.
Function: Humectant, Astringent, Soothing
1. Definition Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract:
Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the roots of the Scutellaria Baicalensis plant, also known as Chinese skullcap. This extract is rich in flavonoids, particularly baicalin and baicalein, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its various benefits. It is known to help protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health. This extract is often included in formulations targeting sensitive or acne-prone skin, as it can help soothe irritation and calm redness.
3. Usage Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract:
Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2% in formulations. When using products containing this extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. As with any new ingredient, it is recommended to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase usage to assess tolerance.
4. References:
- Lee, J. H., Kim, G. H., Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Scutellaria baicalensis root extract in human keratinocytes. Biomed Res Int. 2019; 2019: 5390806.
- Lin, L. T., Liu, L. T., Chiang, L. C., Lin, C. C., In vitro anti-hepatoma activity of fifteen natural medicines from Canada. Phytother Res. 2002; 16(5): 440-444.
- Li, B. Q., Fu, T., Dongyan, Y., Mikovits, J. A., Ruscetti, F. W., Wang, J. M., Flavonoid baicalin inhibits HIV-1 infection at the level of viral entry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000; 276(2): 534-538.
Function: Skin Protecting
1. Definition Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract:
Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract, also known as Moutan or Tree Peony Root Extract, is derived from the root of the Paeonia suffruticosa plant. This extract is rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compounds, and skin-brightening agents, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its various skincare benefits. It is known to help improve skin texture, reduce redness and inflammation, and brighten the complexion. Additionally, this extract has been found to have anti-aging properties, helping to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
3. Usage Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract:
Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract can be found in a wide range of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2% in formulations. To incorporate this extract into your skincare routine, simply apply products containing Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract to clean, dry skin as directed by the product instructions.
4. References:
- Lee JH, Kim GH. Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Effects of Paeonia suffruticosa Root Extract in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(3):6422-6435. doi:10.3390/ijms16036422
- Li Z, Li J, Ma H, et al. Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. and its active constituent 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranose have potent anti-inflammatory activity in activated microglia. J Ethnopharmacol. 2018;211:285-294. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.015
- Kim JH, Kim YS, Song GY, Kim WH. Antiwrinkle effect of Paeonia suffruticosa. J Cosmet Sci. 2006;57(2):121-130.
Function: Surfactant
1. Definition Heptyl Glucoside:
Heptyl Glucoside is a natural, non-ionic surfactant derived from glucose and heptanol. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a mild cleansing agent and emulsifier.
2. Use:
Heptyl Glucoside is utilized in cosmetics for its ability to effectively remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin without causing irritation. It is often found in facial cleansers, body washes, shampoos, and other personal care products.
3. Usage Heptyl Glucoside:
When using products containing Heptyl Glucoside, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for use on all skin types, including sensitive skin. However, as with any new skincare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before regular use to check for any adverse reactions.
Precautions: While Heptyl Glucoside is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. If any redness, itching, or discomfort occurs, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist. It is also important to avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes when using products containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- H. C. Ansel, L. V. Allen, N. G. Popovich, and L. M. Ansel. Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013.
- Personal Care Council. "Heptyl Glucoside." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/heptyl-glucoside.
- European Commission. "CosIng - Cosmetics Ingredients and Substances." European Commission, ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.simple.
