Yuze Mutenka Shokubutsusei Nyueki

1. Definition Trehalose:

Trehalose is a natural disaccharide sugar that is found in a variety of organisms, including plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is known for its ability to retain moisture and protect cells from dehydration and environmental stress.

2. Use:

Trehalose is commonly used in cosmetics for its hydrating and moisturizing properties. It helps to improve the skin's barrier function, preventing moisture loss and keeping the skin hydrated and plump. Trehalose also has antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and environmental pollutants.

3. Usage Trehalose:

Trehalose is typically found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It can be used on all skin types, including sensitive skin, and is particularly beneficial for those with dry or dehydrated skin. To use products containing trehalose, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed on the packaging.

4. References:

- Yoon, H. S., Cho, H. H., Kim, M. H., & Lee, S. R. (2019). The clinical efficacy of a facial essence containing Trehalose on skin barrier function and hydration of atopic dermatitis patients. Annals of Dermatology, 31(2), 206-211.

- Chen, L., Zhang, Z., Chen, W., & Zhang, Z. (2018). Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-11.

- Kim, J. H., Baek, S. H., Lee, H. J., & Kim, M. R. (2015). Trehalose prevents adipocyte hypertrophy and mitigates insulin resistance. Nutrition Research and Practice, 9(3), 249-256.

1. Definition Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil:

Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the Jojoba plant. It is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Jojoba Seed Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to mimic the natural oils produced by the skin, making it suitable for all skin types. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, and hair treatments due to its hydrating and conditioning properties. Jojoba Seed Oil is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, making it beneficial for soothing irritated skin and preventing breakouts.

3. Usage Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil:

Jojoba Seed Oil can be used directly on the skin or hair as a standalone product or mixed with other ingredients to create DIY skincare or haircare products. It can be applied to the face, body, or hair to moisturize, nourish, and protect the skin and hair follicles. When using Jojoba Seed Oil, it is important to perform a patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin and to avoid any potential allergic reactions. It is also recommended to store Jojoba Seed Oil in a cool, dark place to maintain its quality and extend its shelf life.

4. References:

- Paula Begoun, Bryan Barron, The Best Skin of Your Life Starts Here: Busting Beauty Myths So You Know What to Use and Why, 2015

- Ratan K. Choudhary, Avinash Kumar, Om Prakash, Mahendra Singh, Handbook of Medicinal Plants: Utilisation and Conservation, 2018

- Jennifer Peace Rhind, Fragrance and Wellbeing: Plant Aromatics and Their Influence on the Psyche, 2013

1. Definition Rose Hips:

Rose hips are the fruit of the rose plant, which develops after the flower has been pollinated. They are typically red to orange in color and are known for their high vitamin C content and antioxidant properties.

2. Use:

Rose hips are commonly used in cosmetics for their skin-nourishing benefits. They are rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and essential fatty acids, making them a popular ingredient in skincare products. Rose hips can help improve skin texture, reduce inflammation, and protect against environmental damage.

3. Usage Rose Hips:

Rose hips can be found in various forms in cosmetics, including oils, extracts, and powders. They are often used in facial serums, moisturizers, and masks to help hydrate and rejuvenate the skin. When using products containing rose hips, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face to ensure there are no adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Nourishing Rose Hip Oil. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.aveda.com/product/17775/67795/skin-care/moisturizer/botanical-kinetics-nourishing-face-oil

- Rose Hip Seed Oil. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/plant-extracts/rose-hip-seed-oil.html

- Rose Hips: Benefits, Side Effects, and Preparations. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/rose-hips#benefits

1. Definition Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil:

Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil is a natural oil derived from the fruit of the olive tree. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Olive oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and nourishing properties. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, leaving it feeling smooth and supple. In haircare products, olive oil can help to condition and strengthen the hair, reducing frizz and promoting shine.

3. Usage Olea Europaea (Olive) Oil:

Olive oil can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, hair masks, and cleansers. It can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or incorporated into DIY beauty treatments. When using olive oil, it is important to patch test first to ensure you do not have any allergic reactions. It is best to use olive oil in moderation, as excessive use can lead to greasy skin or hair.

4. References:

- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." Beginning Press.

- Baumann, L. (2009). "Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice." McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Sur, R., & Nigam, A. (2011). "Grape seed oil: a potential functional food?" Journal of Food Science and Technology.

1. Definition Squalane:

Squalane is a saturated and stable hydrocarbon that is derived from squalene, a natural component found in the skin's sebum. It is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and emollient properties.

2. Use:

Squalane is used in cosmetics and skincare products as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, serums, and oils to improve the skin's texture and appearance.

3. Usage Squalane:

Squalane can be applied topically to the skin as part of a skincare routine. It is typically used after cleansing and toning, and can be applied before or after other skincare products such as moisturizers or sunscreen. Squalane is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, and can help to improve the skin's hydration levels and overall health.

Precautions: While squalane is generally considered safe for topical use, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities. Additionally, individuals with specific skin conditions or concerns should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating squalane into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2005). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmeceuticals. Philadelphia: Saunders.

- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(4), 327-348.

1. Definition Oleth 20:

Oleth 20 is a polyethylene glycol ether of oleyl alcohol, which is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and cleansing agent. It is a versatile ingredient that helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

2. Use:

Oleth 20 is primarily used in skincare and haircare products such as lotions, creams, shampoos, and conditioners. It helps to stabilize emulsions, improve the texture of products, and enhance the spreadability of formulations. Oleth 20 also acts as a solubilizer, helping to dissolve oil-soluble ingredients in water-based products.

3. Usage Oleth 20:

When using products containing Oleth 20, it is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer. Overuse of Oleth 20 can potentially lead to skin irritation or sensitivity, especially for individuals with sensitive skin. It is always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.

Precautions: While Oleth 20 is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. It is recommended to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using products containing Oleth 20. Additionally, it is important to store products containing Oleth 20 in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their stability and efficacy.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of Oleth-3, Oleth-5, Oleth-7, Oleth-10, Oleth-15, Oleth-20, Oleth-25, Oleth-30, Oleth-50, Oleth-3 Phosphate, Oleth-3 Phosphate, Oleth-5 Phosphate, Oleth-10 Phosphate, Oleth-15 Phosphate, Oleth-20 Phosphate, Oleth-25 Phosphate, Oleth-30 Phosphate, Oleth-50 Phosphate, Oleyl Alcohol, Oleyl Alcohol Phosphate, Oleyl Alcohol Phosphate, and Oleyl Alcohol Phosphate. International Journal of Toxicology. 2003; 22(Suppl 2): 1-25.

- Personal Care Products Council. Oleth-20. Accessed from: https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr163.pdf

- The Derm Review. Oleth-20. Accessed from: https://thedermreview.com/oleth-20/

1. Definition Behenyl Alcohol:

Behenyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources such as coconut oil or palm oil. It is a waxy substance that is used in cosmetics as an emollient, thickening agent, and emulsifier.

2. Use:

Behenyl Alcohol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products such as creams, lotions, conditioners, and shampoos. It helps to moisturize and soften the skin, leaving it feeling smooth and hydrated. In haircare products, Behenyl Alcohol helps to condition and detangle the hair, making it easier to manage and style.

3. Usage Behenyl Alcohol:

When using products containing Behenyl Alcohol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to fatty alcohols and experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. If irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- "Behenyl Alcohol" Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/behenyl-alcohol

- "Behenyl Alcohol" The Derm Review, https://www.thedermreview.com/behenyl-alcohol/

- "Behenyl Alcohol" Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/behenyl-alcohol

1. Definition Sorbitan Stearate:

Sorbitan stearate is a type of emulsifier commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, and stearic acid, a fatty acid. Sorbitan stearate helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients in formulations, creating stable emulsions.

2. Use:

Sorbitan stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetics and personal care products, such as creams, lotions, sunscreens, and makeup. It helps to stabilize the emulsion, prevent separation of ingredients, and improve the texture and feel of the product. Sorbitan stearate also acts as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and oil.

3. Usage Sorbitan Stearate:

When using products containing sorbitan stearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with sorbitan stearate to ensure they do not have an adverse reaction. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid getting sorbitan stearate in the eyes or mouth, and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.

4. References:

- "Sorbitan Stearate" Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbitan-stearate

- "Sorbitan Stearate" Truth in Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/sorbitan-stearate

- "Sorbitan Stearate" The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/sorbitan-stearate/

1. Definition Quaternium 73:

Quaternium-73 is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and surfactant. It is often found in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products.

2. Use:

Quaternium-73 is primarily used in cosmetics for its conditioning properties. It helps to improve the texture and appearance of hair by reducing static, increasing manageability, and enhancing shine. Additionally, it can also act as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the hair and scalp by attracting dirt and oil particles so they can be easily rinsed away.

3. Usage Quaternium 73:

Quaternium-73 is typically found in hair care products at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 5%. It is safe for use in rinse-off products such as shampoos and conditioners, but caution should be taken when using leave-in products containing this ingredient, as prolonged exposure to the skin may cause irritation. It is recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions and perform a patch test before using products containing Quaternium-73 to ensure compatibility with your skin and hair.

4. References:

- "Safety Assessment of Quaternium-73 as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/quaternium73.pdf)

- "Quaternium-73 in Cosmetics" by the Personal Care Products Council. (https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/resource/quaternium-73/)

- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Quaternium-73" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review. (https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10915818809032690)

1. Definition Peg 10 Stearate:

Peg 10 Stearate is a synthetic compound that is derived from stearic acid and polyethylene glycol. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant to help blend ingredients together and improve the texture of products.

2. Use:

Peg 10 Stearate is often found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It helps to stabilize formulations, prevent separation of ingredients, and create a smooth and creamy texture. Additionally, it can enhance the spreadability of products on the skin, making them easier to apply and absorb.

3. Usage Peg 10 Stearate:

When using products containing Peg 10 Stearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse effects. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- "PEG-10 Stearate" by Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/peg-10-stearate

- "PEG-10 Stearate" by Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/peg-10-stearate

- "Polyethylene glycol stearates" by The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/polyethylene-glycol-stearates/

1. Definition Tocopherol:

Tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its antioxidant properties. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopherol is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, as well as to protect it from UV damage. It is often included in anti-aging products due to its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Tocopherol is also known for its soothing and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Tocopherol:

Tocopherol can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, eye creams, and sunscreens. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is important to patch test products containing tocopherol before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Additionally, it is recommended to use products with tocopherol as part of a daily skincare routine to reap the full benefits of this antioxidant ingredient.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

1. Definition Pentylene Glycol:

Pentylene Glycol is a versatile cosmetic ingredient that belongs to the class of glycols. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly sweet odor. Pentylene Glycol is commonly used as a solvent, humectant, and preservative in various skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Pentylene Glycol is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the texture and consistency of formulations. It helps to dissolve other ingredients, such as active compounds and fragrances, and can also enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Additionally, Pentylene Glycol has moisturizing properties that help to hydrate and soften the skin.

3. Usage Pentylene Glycol:

Pentylene Glycol is typically found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, cleansers, and masks. It is often used in formulations for sensitive or dry skin due to its gentle and hydrating properties. When using products containing Pentylene Glycol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and conduct a patch test before applying it to a larger area of the skin to avoid any potential irritation or allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Ishikawa, A., Yamanaka, K., Sakata, K., & Lida, T. (2017). Effects of pentylene glycol on skin hydration. Journal of Dermatological Science, 86(2), e36.

- Lode, O., & Wohlrab, J. (2015). Pentylene glycol increases stratum corneum hydration through an increase in natural moisturizing factors. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 28(1), 47-55.

- Lee, J. H., Kim, S. H., & Han, S. H. (2019). Safety evaluation of pentylene glycol in cosmetic products. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 22(2), 83-91.

1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.

2. Use:

Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.

3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:

When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.

1. Definition Carbomer:

Carbomer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and stabilizer. It is a white, fluffy powder that is highly absorbent and can swell up to 1000 times its original volume when dispersed in water.

2. Use:

Carbomer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, gels, and serums. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the stability of emulsions, and enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Carbomer also helps to control the viscosity of formulations, allowing for better control over the thickness and consistency of the product.

3. Usage Carbomer:

When using products containing Carbomer, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. Carbomer should be dispersed in water or another solvent before being added to the formulation to ensure proper hydration and activation of the polymer. It is important to avoid inhaling the powder, as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.

4. References:

- Sharma, A., & Jain, A. (2012). Carbomers: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(3), 805-814.

- Liao, Y., & Wang, J. (2017). Carbomer: A versatile polymer in pharmaceutical applications. Polymer Chemistry, 8(3), 355-366.

- Patel, D. (2015). Carbomer in pharmaceuticals: A review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(2), 121-133.