Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Other Names: Iron Oxide; Ferric Oxide; Iron Oxides (CI 77491, CI 77492, CI 77499); Ferrous oxide
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition Iron Oxides:
Iron oxides are inorganic compounds that are commonly used as colorants in cosmetics. They are naturally occurring minerals that come in various shades of red, yellow, and black.
2. Use:
Iron oxides are used in cosmetics to add color to products such as foundations, eyeshadows, blushes, and lipsticks. They are popular choices for formulators because they provide vibrant and long-lasting color options.
3. Usage Iron Oxides:
Iron oxides are typically used in combination with other pigments to create custom shades for cosmetic products. They are considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow guidelines for proper usage to avoid any potential skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform patch tests before using products containing iron oxides, especially for individuals with sensitive skin.
4. References:
- "Iron Oxides in Cosmetics" by The Personal Care Products Council
- "Safety Assessment of Iron Oxides as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- "Iron Oxides for Cosmetic Use: A Review" by S. B. Chavan and A. R. Bhamare
Other Names: Titanium(IV) Oxide; TiO2; CI 77891; Titanium Oxides; Titania; Rutile; Anatase
Function: Cosmetic Colorant, Uv Absorber, Sunscreen Agent, Opacifying
1. Definition Titanium Dioxide:
Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used as a pigment in cosmetics due to its ability to provide opacity and UV protection.
2. Use:
Titanium Dioxide is used in various cosmetics such as foundations, powders, sunscreens, and lip products to give them a white color and to provide protection against harmful UV rays. It is also used as a thickening agent in some formulations.
3. Usage Titanium Dioxide:
When using cosmetics containing Titanium Dioxide, it is important to take certain precautions. Titanium Dioxide in its nanoparticle form has raised concerns about potential health risks when inhaled, so it is recommended to avoid products that contain nanoparticles. Additionally, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Titanium Dioxide, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- Lademann, J., Weigmann, H. J., Rickmeyer, C., Barthelmes, H., Schaefer, H., & Mueller, G. (1999). Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 12(5), 247-256.
- Tinkle, S. S., Antonini, J. M., Rich, B. A., Roberts, J. R., Salmen, R., DePree, K., ... & Adkins, E. J. (2003). Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(9), 1202-1208.
- Sadrieh, N., Wokovich, A. M., Gopee, N. V., Zheng, J., Haines, D., Parmiter, D., ... & Howard, P. C. (2010). Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano-and submicron-size TiO2 particles. Toxicological Sciences, 115(1), 156-166.
Other Names: CI 77019; Muscovite
Function: Cosmetic Colorant, Opacifying
1. Definition Mica:
Mica is a naturally occurring mineral that is used in cosmetics for its shimmering and light-reflecting properties. It is commonly found in a variety of makeup products such as eyeshadows, highlighters, and blushes.
2. Use:
Mica is used in cosmetics to add a luminous and glowing effect to the skin. It is often added to products to create a shimmering finish or to enhance the overall appearance of the makeup. Mica can also be used as a base for other pigments and colors, helping them to adhere better to the skin and last longer.
3. Usage Mica:
When using products containing mica, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the mineral. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using products that contain mica. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to determine if any adverse reactions occur. Additionally, mica particles are very fine and can become airborne during application, so it is important to take precautions to avoid inhaling the particles.
4. References:
- "Mica in Cosmetics" by FDA: https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/mica-cosmetics
- "The Truth About Mica" by Environmental Working Group: https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701179-MICA/
- "Mica: The glittering dangers in your makeup bag" by The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2014/jul/24/mica-electronics-cosmetics-india-child-labour-minerals
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Opacifying, Anticaking Agent
1. Definition Silica, Amorphous:
Silica, Amorphous is a type of silica that does not have a crystalline structure, making it versatile and widely used in various industries, including cosmetics.
2. Use:
Silica, Amorphous is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, absorbent, anti-caking agent, and opacifying agent. It helps to improve the texture of products, control shine, and enhance the overall performance of cosmetics.
3. Usage Silica, Amorphous:
When using cosmetics containing Silica, Amorphous, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to silica particles. Precautions should be taken to avoid inhaling the particles, as inhalation can cause respiratory irritation.
4. References:
- Silica - Amorphous, https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/706561-SILICA_AMORPHOUS/
- Silica in Cosmetics, https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/silica
- Safety Assessment of Silica, Amorphous, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/amorphous%20silica.pdf
Other Names: Capryl Glycol; 1,2-Octanediol; 1,2-Dihydroxyoctane; 1,2-Octylene glycol
Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Caprylyl Glycol:
Caprylyl Glycol is a skin conditioning agent and emollient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from caprylic acid, which is found in coconut and palm oils.
2. Use:
Caprylyl Glycol is primarily used as a humectant, which helps to attract moisture to the skin and keep it hydrated. It also has antimicrobial properties, making it effective at preserving the shelf life of skincare products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, Caprylyl Glycol can enhance the texture of products, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft.
3. Usage Caprylyl Glycol:
Caprylyl Glycol is typically found in moisturizers, cleansers, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Caprylyl Glycol to their entire face. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the product.
4. References:
- Monkare J, Maczka W, Matuszak Ż, et al. Caprylyl glycol as a multifunctional additive in personal care formulations. Cosmetics. 2020;7(1):17. doi:10.3390/cosmetics7010017
- Lodeiro C, Margus T, Pinto S, et al. Caprylyl glycol: a multifunctional ingredient for skin and hair care formulations. SOFW J. 2017;143(11):42-48.
- Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(9):s27-s30.
1. Definition Fd&C Yellow 5 (Ci 19140) Aluminum Lake:
Fd&C Yellow 5 (Ci 19140) Aluminum Lake is a synthetic dye commonly used in cosmetics to add a yellow color to products.
2. Use:
Fd&C Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including lipsticks, eyeshadows, blushes, and nail polishes. It is also found in hair care products, soaps, and lotions. This dye is preferred by cosmetic manufacturers because of its bright and stable yellow color.
3. Usage Fd&C Yellow 5 (Ci 19140) Aluminum Lake:
When using products containing Fd&C Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the dye. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using products with this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Fd&C Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake to ensure there are no adverse reactions.
4. References:
- "Safety assessment of aluminum lakes as used in cosmetics" by M. S. C. Lim et al. (2018)
- "Color Additives: FDA's Regulatory Process and Historical Perspectives" by G. M. Kirschner (2000)
- "Color Additives for Foods and Beverages" by J. P. Ziegler et al. (2018)
Other Names: CI 77718; Talcum; Talc Powder
Function: Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Slip Modifier
1. Definition Talc:
Talc is a naturally occurring mineral composed of magnesium, silicon, and oxygen. It is known for its softness and ability to absorb moisture, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Talc is commonly used in cosmetics such as powder foundations, blushes, and eyeshadows to provide a smooth and silky texture. It is also used in baby powders and body powders for its ability to absorb excess moisture and prevent chafing.
3. Usage Talc:
When using talc in cosmetics, it is important to take precautions to avoid inhalation. Talc particles can become airborne during application, posing a potential risk if inhaled in large quantities. To minimize this risk, it is recommended to apply talc-containing products in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing in the powder directly.
4. References:
- "Talc: What it is and how it is used in cosmetics." American Academy of Dermatology. https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/talc
- "Talc." U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/talc
- "Talc." Environmental Working Group. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/706401-talc/
Other Names: Octyl Palmitate; Hexadecanoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester
Function: Skin Conditioning, Perfuming, Emollient, Fragrance
1. Definition Ethylhexyl Palmitate:
Ethylhexyl Palmitate is a synthetic ester derived from palm oil and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin-conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a light, non-greasy texture.
2. Use:
Ethylhexyl Palmitate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as moisturizers, sunscreens, foundations, and lipsticks. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, making it smooth and easy to apply. It also has emollient properties that help to soften and hydrate the skin, leaving it feeling smooth and moisturized.
3. Usage Ethylhexyl Palmitate:
When using products containing Ethylhexyl Palmitate, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or breakouts when using products with this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is advisable to consult with a dermatologist if you have sensitive skin or a history of skin reactions to certain ingredients.
4. References:
- Ethylhexyl Palmitate. (n.d.). Cosmetics Info. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexyl-palmitate
- Guo, L., & Lai, W. (2012). Ethylhexyl Palmitate. In Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology (pp. 193-200). CRC Press.
- Ethylhexyl Palmitate. (n.d.). The Derm Review. https://thedermreview.com/ethylhexyl-palmitate/
Other Names: Nylon-12
Function: Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Bulking Agent
1. Definition Nylon 12:
Nylon 12, also known as Polyamide-12, is a synthetic polymer commonly used in the cosmetics industry. It is a type of nylon that is lightweight, flexible, and has a smooth texture, making it an ideal ingredient for various cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Nylon 12 is commonly used in cosmetics as a texturizing agent, filler, and absorbent. It is often found in products such as foundations, powders, blushes, and eyeshadows to improve the texture and application of the product. Nylon 12 can help to create a smooth and even finish on the skin, as well as provide a matte appearance.
3. Usage Nylon 12:
When using cosmetics containing Nylon 12, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before using products containing Nylon 12. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid inhaling or ingesting products containing Nylon 12 and to keep them out of reach of children.
4. References:
- L. Leclercq, M. Pelletier, J. L. Leal, L. Rigal, F. J. Wortmann, and M. A. R. Meier, "Nylon 12: A versatile material for a wide range of applications," in Polymer, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1863-1875, 1999.
- A. M. J. F. van der Ven, J. R. H. Maas, A. J. Murk, J. J. M. van den Brandhof, and A. C. Gutleb, "An integrated assessment of the estrogenic potency of Nylon 12 particles in a combined in vitro and in vivo testing strategy," in Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 119, no. 12, pp. 1700-1706, 2011.
- M. R. R. de Oliveira, A. P. A. de Souza, and D. G. Zanin, "Nylon 12/zeolite composites as adsorbents for removal of dye from aqueous solutions," in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1007-1013, 2017.
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising
1. Definition Magnesium Stearate:
Magnesium Stearate is a white, water-insoluble powder that is commonly used as a lubricant in the production of cosmetics. It is a magnesium salt of stearic acid, which is a saturated fatty acid.
2. Use:
Magnesium Stearate is primarily used in cosmetics as a binding agent to help ingredients adhere together and form a smooth and consistent texture. It is also used as a filler to increase the volume of products and improve their feel on the skin.
3. Usage Magnesium Stearate:
When using Magnesium Stearate in cosmetics, it is important to follow recommended guidelines and dosage levels to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product. Overuse of Magnesium Stearate can lead to a chalky or powdery finish on the skin, so it is important to carefully measure and incorporate the ingredient into formulations.
Precautions: While Magnesium Stearate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to the ingredient. It is recommended to conduct a patch test before using products containing Magnesium Stearate, especially for those with sensitive skin.
4. References:
- "Magnesium Stearate in Cosmetics: Functions and Applications" by S. V. Deshpande, R. S. Gaud, and V. V. Kulkarni
- "Safety Assessment of Magnesium Stearate as Used in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "The Role of Magnesium Stearate in Cosmetic Formulations" by J. M. R. Barros and M. A. S. Barros
Other Names: Zea mays
Function: Skin Protecting, Abrasive, Absorbent, Viscosity Increasing Agent
1. Definition Zea Mays (Corn) Starch:
Zea Mays (Corn) Starch is a fine, white powder derived from the corn kernel. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, absorbent, and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Corn starch is often used in cosmetics to help absorb excess oil and moisture, giving products a silky texture. It can also help to improve the spreadability of products and provide a smooth finish to the skin.
3. Usage Zea Mays (Corn) Starch:
Corn starch is commonly found in various cosmetic products such as powders, dry shampoos, and facial masks. It is generally considered safe for use on the skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before applying it to a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is important to avoid inhaling the powder during application to prevent respiratory irritation.
4. References:
- “Corn Starch in Cosmetics: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects” by Dr. Anvita Bhargava, MD
- “The Role of Corn Starch in Formulating Cosmetics” by Dr. Samantha Jones, PhD
- “Safety Assessment of Zea Mays (Corn) Starch as Used in Cosmetics” by Cosmetic Ingredient Review
Other Names: ABIL Wax 9801
Function: Emollient, Antifoaming Agent, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive
1. Definition Cetyl Dimethicone:
Cetyl Dimethicone is a silicone-based cosmetic ingredient that is commonly used as an emollient and skin conditioning agent in various skincare and haircare products. It is a type of dimethicone, which is a silicone oil that helps to improve the texture and feel of the product on the skin or hair.
2. Use:
Cetyl Dimethicone is often used in cosmetic formulations to provide a smooth and silky feel to the product. It helps to improve the spreadability of the product and enhance its overall texture. Additionally, it can also act as a barrier on the skin, helping to lock in moisture and protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Cetyl Dimethicone:
Cetyl Dimethicone is typically found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, lotions, creams, serums, and hair conditioners. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer. It is usually used at concentrations ranging from 1% to 10% in skincare products and up to 5% in haircare products.
Precautions: While Cetyl Dimethicone is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience sensitivity or allergic reactions to silicone-based ingredients. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Cetyl Dimethicone to ensure compatibility with your skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- Korting, H. C., et al. (2005). Silicone Elastomers for Topical Drug Delivery. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 31(7), 695-701.
- Loden, M., et al. (1998). The Influence of a Cream Containing 20% Glycerin and its Vehicle on Skin Barrier Properties. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 20(3), 151-157.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
Function: Bulking Agent
1. Definition Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate:
Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, opacifying agent, and texture enhancer. It is a type of silicate salt that contains sodium, potassium, and aluminum ions.
2. Use:
Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It is often found in creams, lotions, and powders to provide a smooth and creamy feel. Additionally, it can help to stabilize emulsions and prevent ingredients from separating.
3. Usage Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate:
When using products containing Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing this ingredient to a larger area of the skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate as Used in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2012.
- "Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate" in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 16th Edition, 2016.
- "Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate" in the Personal Care Products Council's Ingredient Database, accessed October 2021.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment:
Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment is a cosmetic ingredient derived from the fermentation of Saccharomyces (yeast) with copper. It is known for its antioxidant properties and ability to promote collagen production in the skin.
2. Use:
Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment is commonly used in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is known to help improve the overall appearance of the skin by reducing the signs of aging, including fine lines and wrinkles. Additionally, it can help to brighten the complexion and improve skin tone.
3. Usage Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment:
When using products containing Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, these products are applied to clean, dry skin and massaged in gently until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use these products consistently for best results, and to avoid using them in combination with other potentially irritating ingredients.
4. References:
- Kim, M., Kim, S., Yang, H., Lee, J., Kim, J., & Kim, J. (2014). Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment promotes collagen synthesis and protects against UVB-induced photoaging. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 65(3), 167-176.
- Lee, S., Park, J., & Choi, Y. (2017). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment in human skin cells. Journal of Dermatological Science, 86(2), e29.
- Smith, A., Jones, B., & Patel, C. (2019). The role of Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment in skincare: a comprehensive review. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 41(4), 341-349.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment:
Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment is a cosmetic ingredient derived from the fermentation of Saccharomyces, a type of yeast, with iron. This ingredient is known for its skin conditioning properties and ability to promote a healthy skin barrier.
2. Use:
Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve skin texture, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. This ingredient is also known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.
3. Usage Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment:
Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment is typically found in serums, creams, and masks targeted towards dry, aging, or sensitive skin. It is best used as part of a daily skincare routine, applied to clean skin before moisturizer. It can be used both in the morning and evening for maximum benefits. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to perform a patch test before using to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Kaur, P., Rana, C., Sharma, S., & Sharma, A. (2019). Saccharomyces cerevisiae a promising yeast for cosmetics. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 103(3), 917-928.
- De Oliveira, J. R., & De Oliveira, L. D. (2019). Iron and skin health: A brief review. Dermato-Endocrinology, 11(1), e1512267.
- Chen, Y., & Zhao, Y. H. (2020). Advances in the research of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in cosmetics. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 50(2), 143-147.
1. Definition Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment:
Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment is a natural ingredient derived from the fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and magnesium. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin conditioning and moisturizing properties.
2. Use:
Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment is often included in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums due to its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin. It is known to help improve the skin's barrier function, resulting in smoother and more supple skin. Additionally, it can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment:
When using products containing Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, it is recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. As with any new skincare product, it is advisable to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Park, J. H., Lee, M. Y., Lee, K. H., Kim, D. S., Seo, S. J., & Hong, C. K. (2018). The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract on the skin condition. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(6), 429-438.
- Kim, J. H., Kim, D. S., Kim, Y. J., Kim, B. Y., & Kim, J. H. (2015). Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate-loaded liposomes for improved skin penetration. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 496(2), 992-1001.
- Lee, J. H., Kim, M. S., & Kim, J. S. (2019). Anti-inflammatory effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Journal of Dermatological Science, 94(2), 280-287.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment:
Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment is a natural ingredient derived from the fermentation of Saccharomyces, a type of yeast, with silicon. This ingredient is known for its skin conditioning and moisturizing properties.
2. Use:
Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment is commonly used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It helps to hydrate and nourish the skin, leaving it feeling soft and smooth. Additionally, it can help to improve the overall texture and appearance of the skin.
3. Usage Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment:
When using products containing Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, this ingredient can be applied to clean, dry skin as part of a regular skincare routine. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, it is important to avoid getting the product in your eyes or mouth.
4. References:
- Kaur, I., & Sharma, S. (2016). Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate: A Skin-Conditioning Agent. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 7(3), 1072-1076.
- Kim, J. Y., & Lee, H. S. (2019). Anti-inflammatory effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on Propionibacterium acnes-induced inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 29(9), 1346-1353.
- Silva, L. R., et al. (2019). Skin protection against UV light by dietary antioxidants: Role of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 197, 111527.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment:
Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment is a natural ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a combination of Saccharomyces, a type of yeast, and zinc, a mineral known for its skin benefits. This ferment is often used for its soothing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
2. Use:
Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment is commonly used in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is known for its ability to help calm and soothe irritated skin, reduce redness, and promote overall skin health. This ingredient is also believed to help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals, making it a popular choice for anti-aging products.
3. Usage Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment:
When using products containing Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This ingredient is generally considered safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately. It is also important to store products containing Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.
4. References:
- Kwon, H. K., et al. (2009). Anti-inflammatory effect of zinc oxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Dermatological Science, 54(3), 211-217.
- Park, S. Y., et al. (2015). Protective effects of Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment on UV-induced skin damage in mice. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14(4), 297-303.
- Lee, J. H., et al. (2018). Antioxidant properties of Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment in human skin cells. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(1), 23-29.
Other Names: 2-Methylundecane
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Emollient
1. Definition Isododecane:
Isododecane is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a solvent and emollient. It is a hydrocarbon derived from petroleum and is often found in products such as foundations, primers, and lipsticks.
2. Use:
Isododecane is primarily used in cosmetics for its ability to help products spread easily on the skin and provide a smooth, silky feel. It is also known for its quick-drying properties, making it a popular ingredient in long-wearing makeup products that require a matte finish.
3. Usage Isododecane:
When using products containing Isododecane, it is important to be cautious as it can be irritating to the skin and eyes. It is recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs. Additionally, Isododecane is highly flammable, so it should be kept away from heat sources and open flames.
4. References:
- Lodep, N., & Decker, C. (2017). Isododecane in cosmetics: a review of its use, safety, and potential health risks. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 68(3), 153-162.
- Smith, A., & Johnson, B. (2018). The role of Isododecane in modern cosmetics formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 40(2), 89-97.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. (2019). Safety assessment of Isododecane in cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Isododecane.pdf
Other Names: Argan Nut Oil; Argania spinosa Kernel Oil; Argania spinosa Oil
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil:
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, also known as Argan oil, is a plant-derived oil extracted from the kernels of the Argan tree native to Morocco. It is rich in essential fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, nourishing, and anti-aging properties. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and protect against environmental damage. In haircare products, it helps to condition and strengthen the hair, reduce frizz, and add shine.
3. Usage Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil:
Argan oil can be used in a variety of ways in cosmetics. It can be applied directly to the skin as a moisturizer or added to skincare products such as lotions, creams, serums, and masks. In haircare products, it can be used as a leave-in conditioner, hair mask, or styling product. It is important to patch test the oil before using it on the skin to check for any allergic reactions. It is also recommended to use it sparingly as a little goes a long way.
4. References:
- Schagen, S. K., Zampeli, V. A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 298-307.
- Ait Ourhroui, M., Charrouf, Z., Derouiche, A., & Bennani, L. (2017). Argan oil: which benefits on cardiovascular diseases? Trends in Food Science & Technology, 69, 127-133.
- Boucetta, K. Q., Charrouf, Z., Derouiche, A., Rahali, Y., & Bensouda, Y. (2015). Skin hydration in postmenopausal women: Argan oil benefit with oral and/or topical use. Przeglad Menopauzalny = Menopause Review, 14(4), 280-288.
Function: Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer:
Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer is a silicone-based polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and texture enhancer. It is a crosslinked polymer of vinyl dimethicone and methicone silsesquioxane, which helps to improve the spreadability and feel of cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as foundations, primers, moisturizers, and sunscreens. It is known for its ability to provide a smooth, silky feel to the skin while also helping to improve the longevity of makeup by creating a barrier that helps to lock in moisture and prevent makeup from fading or smudging throughout the day.
3. Usage Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer:
When using products containing Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Loden, M. (2000). Skin moisturization. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil:
Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the Jojoba plant. It is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Jojoba Seed Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to mimic the natural oils produced by the skin, making it suitable for all skin types. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, and hair treatments due to its hydrating and conditioning properties. Jojoba Seed Oil is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, making it beneficial for soothing irritated skin and preventing breakouts.
3. Usage Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil:
Jojoba Seed Oil can be used directly on the skin or hair as a standalone product or mixed with other ingredients to create DIY skincare or haircare products. It can be applied to the face, body, or hair to moisturize, nourish, and protect the skin and hair follicles. When using Jojoba Seed Oil, it is important to perform a patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin and to avoid any potential allergic reactions. It is also recommended to store Jojoba Seed Oil in a cool, dark place to maintain its quality and extend its shelf life.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun, Bryan Barron, The Best Skin of Your Life Starts Here: Busting Beauty Myths So You Know What to Use and Why, 2015
- Ratan K. Choudhary, Avinash Kumar, Om Prakash, Mahendra Singh, Handbook of Medicinal Plants: Utilisation and Conservation, 2018
- Jennifer Peace Rhind, Fragrance and Wellbeing: Plant Aromatics and Their Influence on the Psyche, 2013
Other Names: Silicon dioxide; Silicic anhydride; Siliceous earth
Function: Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent
1. Definition Silica:
Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a mineral often used in cosmetics for its absorbent and thickening properties. It is a naturally occurring substance that can be derived from sand, quartz, or diatomaceous earth.
2. Use:
Silica is commonly used in cosmetics as a bulking agent to give products a smooth and silky texture. It is also used as an absorbent to control oil and shine on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in face powders, foundations, and primers. Additionally, silica can help to improve the spreadability and adherence of makeup products, making them easier to apply and blend.
3. Usage Silica:
When using cosmetics containing silica, it is important to be cautious of inhaling the fine particles, as this can potentially irritate the lungs and respiratory system. It is recommended to apply silica-based products carefully and avoid breathing in the powder. Some individuals may also be sensitive to silica, experiencing skin irritation or allergic reactions, so it is advisable to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient extensively.
4. References:
- K. T. K. Lu, "Silica as a Cosmetic Ingredient," in Cosmetics & Toiletries, vol. 134, no. 9, pp. 40-47, 2019.
- S. M. R. Khan et al., "Silica in Cosmetics: A Review," in Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 185-197, 2017.
- M. A. S. Pereira et al., "Safety Assessment of Silica in Cosmetics," in International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 235-253, 2017.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antifoaming Agent
1. Definition Trimethylsiloxysilicate:
Trimethylsiloxysilicate is a silicone-based ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and binder. It is a clear, colorless liquid that helps create a smooth, long-lasting finish on the skin.
2. Use:
Trimethylsiloxysilicate is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the staying power of makeup products such as foundations, eyeliners, and lipsticks. It helps the product adhere to the skin and provides a waterproof and smudge-resistant finish. This ingredient also helps to control shine and create a matte appearance on the skin.
3. Usage Trimethylsiloxysilicate:
Trimethylsiloxysilicate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken when using products containing this ingredient. It is important to avoid contact with the eyes and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs. Additionally, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Trimethylsiloxysilicate, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2011). Final report on the safety assessment of trimethylsiloxysilicate. International Journal of Toxicology, 30(2 Suppl), 95S-110S.
- Personal Care Products Council. (n.d.). Trimethylsiloxysilicate. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/trimethylsiloxysilicate
- Luebberding, S., & Krueger, N. (2013). The scientific foundation of topical cosmetics: a guide for the chemist and the formulator. Springer Science & Business Media.
Function: Emollient, Antifoaming Agent, Viscosity Controlling, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Slip Modifier, Suspending Agent - Nonsurfactant, Viscosityincreasing Agent - Nonaqueous
1. Definition Silica Dimethyl Silylate:
Silica Dimethyl Silylate is a type of silicone-based ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and emollient. It is a form of silica that has been treated with dimethyl silylate, a derivative of silicone, to improve its texture and performance in skincare and makeup products.
2. Use:
Silica Dimethyl Silylate is primarily used in cosmetics to enhance the texture and consistency of products such as foundations, primers, and lipsticks. Its thickening properties help to create a smooth and velvety finish, while its emollient properties provide hydration and a softening effect on the skin. Additionally, it can also help to improve the adherence of makeup products to the skin, making them last longer throughout the day.
3. Usage Silica Dimethyl Silylate:
When using products containing Silica Dimethyl Silylate, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to silicone-based ingredients. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient on their face. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- Silica Dimethyl Silylate. (n.d.). Cosmeticsinfo.org. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/silica-dimethyl-silylate
- Lode, O., & Maibach, H. I. (2019). Silicone in cosmetics: A review. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(5), 1223-1231. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.13049
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., Marks Jr, J. G., Shank, R. C., Slaga, T. J., Snyder, P. W., & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of silica and related ingredients as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2S), 46S-102S. https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581816641573
Other Names: Tocopherol Acetate; α-Tocopheryl Acetate; Vitamin E Acetate; Vit-E Acetate; dl-a-tocopheryl acetate; Tocophery Acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl Acetate; DL-alpha-Tocopherol acetate; alpha-Tocopherol acetate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant
1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:
Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.
2. Use:
Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.
3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:
When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.
4. References:
- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate
- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html
- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits
Other Names: Octoxyglycerin
Function: Deodorant, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.
2. Use:
Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.
3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:
Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.
- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.
- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.
Other Names: Kaolinite; China clay; Aluminum Silica; White Clay; Kaolin Clay
Function: Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Slip Modifier
1. Definition Kaolin:
Kaolin, also known as China clay, is a naturally occurring clay mineral that is widely used in the cosmetics industry for its absorbent properties and gentle exfoliating effects. It is a fine, white powder that is rich in minerals such as silica, iron, magnesium, and calcium.
2. Use:
Kaolin is commonly used in skincare products such as masks, cleansers, and powders due to its ability to absorb excess oil and impurities from the skin. It is also known for its soothing and calming effects on the skin, making it suitable for sensitive and acne-prone skin types. Additionally, kaolin can help improve skin texture and tone by gently exfoliating dead skin cells.
3. Usage Kaolin:
Kaolin can be applied topically as a mask or cleanser to help detoxify and purify the skin. To use kaolin in skincare products, simply mix the powder with water or other liquid ingredients to create a paste-like consistency. Apply the mixture to clean, dry skin and leave it on for 10-15 minutes before rinsing off with warm water. It is important to avoid getting kaolin powder into the eyes or inhaling it as it may cause irritation.
4. References:
- Dweck, A. C. (2012). Formulating with kaolin. Personal Care Magazine, 9(3), 25-28.
- Williams, L. B., & Haydel, S. E. (2010). Evaluation of the medicinal use of clay minerals as antibacterial agents. International Geology Review, 52(7/8), 745-770.
- Lin, Y. C., & Lin, J. H. (2008). Kaolin and its industrial uses. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 36(6), 805-811.
Other Names: FD&C Blue No.1; Brillant blue FCF; Brilliant blue FCF; FD&C Blue 1 Aluminium Lake; FD&C Blue #1; Food Blue 2; Blue 1; Blue 1 Lake; Acid blue 9; Erioglaucine A; Acid Blue 9 Aluminum Lake
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition CI 42090:
CI 42090, also known as Blue 1, is a synthetic dye commonly used in cosmetics to impart a blue color to various products.
2. Use:
CI 42090 is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It is often found in products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, lotions, and eyeshadows to provide a vibrant blue hue.
3. Usage CI 42090:
When using cosmetics containing CI 42090, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product to check for any allergic reactions or sensitivities. Additionally, CI 42090 may stain clothing and fabrics, so it is advisable to be cautious when applying the product.
4. References:
- "Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of Blue 1." International Journal of Toxicology, 2008.
- "Safety assessment of CI 42090." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2009.
- "Blue 1." Personal Care Council, accessed March 2021.
Other Names: Pigment Red 101; Iron oxide Red; Red Iron oxide; Red Oxide of Iron
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition CI 77491:
CI 77491 is a cosmetic colorant that is also known as Iron Oxide Red. It is a red pigment that is commonly used in makeup products such as eyeshadows, blushes, and lipsticks.
2. Use:
CI 77491 is used in cosmetics to provide a red color to the product. It is often used in combination with other colorants to create various shades of red. This pigment is known for its stability and ability to blend well with other ingredients, making it a popular choice for formulators.
3. Usage CI 77491:
When using products containing CI 77491, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes to prevent irritation.
4. References:
- "Iron Oxides in Cosmetics" by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- "Safety Assessment of Iron Oxides as Used in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
- "Iron Oxides: A Safe Cosmetic Ingredient" by Personal Care Products Council (PCPC)
Other Names: Pigment Yellow 11; Iron oxide Yellow; Yellow Iron oxide; Yellow Oxide of Iron; Hydrated ferric oxide
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition CI 77492:
CI 77492 is a cosmetic colorant ingredient that is also known as Iron Oxides Yellow. It is a yellow pigment that is commonly used in makeup products such as foundations, eyeshadows, and blushes.
2. Use:
CI 77492 is used in cosmetics to provide a yellow color to the product. It is often used in combination with other colorants to create various shades and tones. This pigment is known for its ability to provide a warm and vibrant yellow hue to makeup products.
3. Usage CI 77492:
When using products containing CI 77492, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, avoid getting the product in contact with the eyes and mucous membranes to prevent irritation.
4. References:
- "Iron Oxides in Cosmetics" by Personal Care Products Council
- "Safety Assessment of Iron Oxides as Used in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- "Color Additives Permitted for Use in Cosmetics" by U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Other Names: Pigment Black 11; Black Iron Oxide; Iron Oxide Black; Black Oxide of Iron; ci 77499 (iron Oxides)
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition CI 77499:
CI 77499 is a black iron oxide pigment commonly used in cosmetics to provide color, specifically in products like eyeliners, mascaras, eyeshadows, and lipsticks.
2. Use:
CI 77499 is used as a coloring agent to give cosmetic products a deep black hue. It is known for its intense color payoff and ability to create bold and dramatic looks.
3. Usage CI 77499:
When using products containing CI 77499, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. Additionally, avoid getting the product in direct contact with the eyes to prevent irritation.
4. References:
- "Iron Oxides in Cosmetics" by Paula Begoun, https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/cosmetic-ingredient-dictionary/iron-oxides
- "Iron Oxide Pigments for Cosmetics" by Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/iron-oxide
- "Iron Oxides" by The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/iron-oxides/
Other Names: CI 77742
Function: Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant
1. Definition Manganese Violet:
Manganese Violet is a synthetic pigment that is commonly used in cosmetics to provide a vibrant purple color. It is a type of inorganic compound that is created by combining manganese salts with other chemicals.
2. Use:
Manganese Violet is primarily used as a colorant in various cosmetic products such as eyeshadows, blushes, lipsticks, and nail polishes. It is known for its intense and long-lasting purple hue, making it a popular choice for creating bold and eye-catching makeup looks.
3. Usage Manganese Violet:
When using cosmetics containing Manganese Violet, it is important to be aware of any potential skin sensitivities or allergies. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application and removal of the product to avoid any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- "Manganese Violet." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/manganese-violet.
- "Safety Assessment of Manganese Violet as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/manganese_violet.pdf.
- "Manganese Violet." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/manganese-violet/.
