Full ingredients list IGK Hot Girls Hydrating Conditioner

EWG	CIR	Ingredient name & cosmetic function	Notes
1		Water (Solvent)
1	A	Cetearyl Alcohol (Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous)
4	B	Behentrimonium Chloride (Hair Conditioning, Preservative, Antistatic Agent)
1	A	Cetyl Alcohol (Masking, Fragrance, Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Surfactant)
1	A	Amodimethicone (Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning)	Silicone
1	B	Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate (Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	B	Cetyl Esters (Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	B	Isododecane (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Emollient)
1	A	Panthenol (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent)	Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing
1		Tocopherol	Good for dry skin Anti Aging
1	A	Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter	Bad for oily skin Fungal Acne Trigger
1	B	Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Extract (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1		Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1	B	Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (Perfuming, Fragrance, Antioxidant, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, Antimicrobial Agent)
1		Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1 2	A	Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning)
1		Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1	A	Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil (Skin Conditioning, Emollient)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1		Prunus Insititia Seed Oil (Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
2		Propanediol (Solvent, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling)
1	B	Stearamine Oxide (Solvent to dissolve substances insoluble in water, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Sufactant, Foam Boosting)
1	A	Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride (Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Film Forming)
1 2	A	Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract (Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning)
1 2	A	Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil (Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive)	Fungal Acne Trigger
		Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein
1	A	Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	A	Jojoba Esters (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Soothing, Moisturising)
1		Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol (Skin Conditioning)
1		Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol (Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning)
	A	Hydrolyzed Soy Protein (Skin Conditioning, Humectant, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning)
2	A	Ethylhexylglycerin (Deodorant, Skin Conditioning)
3	B	Polysorbate 60 (Emulsifying, Surfactant)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1	A	Hydroxyethylcellulose (Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Stabilising, Film Forming)
1	B	Trideceth 12 (Surfactant, Emulsifying)
2	A	Tetrasodium Edta (Chelating Agent)
1 2	A	Glycerin (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant )	Good for dry skin
1	B	C11 15 Pareth 7 (Surfactant, Emulsifying)
4	B	Cetrimonium Chloride (Surfactant, Emulsifying, Antistatic Agent, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide, Preservative)
3	A	Bht (Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant)
1	A	Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate (Antioxidant)
1 3	B	Laureth 9 (Surfactant, Emulsifying)
1 2		Polysilicone 15 (Uv Absorber, Uv Filter)	UV Protection
1		Quaternium 95 (Hair Conditioning, Uv Absorber)
1	A	Butylene Glycol (Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents)	Good for dry skin
1	A	Caprylyl Glycol (Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1		Polyquaternium 4 (Antistatic Agent, Film Forming, Hair Fixing)
3		Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether (Surfactant, Emulsifying)
2		Phytic Acid (Chelating Agent)
1 2	A	Citric Acid (Masking, Fragrance, Chelating Agent, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent)	Anti Aging Bad for sensitive skin
2 4	A	Phenoxyethanol (Fragrance, Preservative)
4 6	A	Benzyl Alcohol (Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Preservative, External Analgesic )	Allergen
3	A	Chlorphenesin (Preservative, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide)
2	A	Sorbic Acid (Fragrance, Preservative)
8		Fragrance (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant)	Good for dry skin
3 5		Benzyl Salicylate (Masking, Fragrance, Uv Absorber)	Allergen
7		Butylphenyl Methylpropional (Perfuming)	Allergen

Water

Other name: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua

Function: Solvent

1. Definition Water:

Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.

2. Use:

Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.

3. Usage Water:

When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.

- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.

Cetearyl Alcohol

Other name: Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl Alcohol; C16-18 Alcohols

Function: Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous

1. Definition Cetearyl Alcohol:

Cetearyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and carrying agent for other ingredients.

2. Use:

Cetearyl Alcohol is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and hair conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, as well as improve the texture and consistency of the product. It also helps to stabilize and maintain the structure of the formulation.

3. Usage Cetearyl Alcohol:

When using products containing Cetearyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Cetearyl Alcohol, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to follow the instructions for use provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective application.

4. References:

- "Cetearyl Alcohol" by Paula Begoun, Cosmetics Cop, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol.html

- "Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Safe or Harmful?" by Dr. Anvita Arora, Dermatologist, https://www.dranvitaarora.com/cetearyl-alcohol-in-cosmetics-safe-or-harmful/

- "The Role of Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cetearylcir.pdf

Behentrimonium Chloride

Other name: Alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride

Function: Hair Conditioning, Preservative, Antistatic Agent

1. Definition Behentrimonium Chloride:

Behentrimonium Chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in hair care products as a conditioning agent. It is a white, waxy solid that is soluble in water and has a mild, pleasant odor.

2. Use:

Behentrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as conditioners, hair masks, and leave-in treatments. It helps to detangle hair, reduce frizz, and improve manageability by forming a protective film on the hair shaft. Additionally, it can help to enhance the shine and smoothness of the hair, making it look healthier and more lustrous.

3. Usage Behentrimonium Chloride:

When using products containing Behentrimonium Chloride, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Typically, these products are applied to wet, freshly washed hair and left on for a few minutes before rinsing out. It is recommended to avoid getting the product in the eyes or on broken skin, and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs. Behentrimonium Chloride is considered safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations of up to 5%.

4. References:

- Behentrimonium Chloride: A Review of Use in Hair Care Products. Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2010.

- Safety Assessment of Behentrimonium Chloride as Used in Cosmetics. Cosmetic Ingredient Review. 2015.

- Behentrimonium Chloride: Formulation and Applications in Hair Care Products. International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2018.

Cetyl Alcohol

Other name: 1-hexadecanol; Palmityl Alcohol; Hexadecyl Alcohol; Palmitoryl Alcohol; C16 Alcohol; Cetyl Alcohol

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Surfactant

1. Definition Cetyl Alcohol:

Cetyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is derived from natural sources such as coconut or palm oil. It is a waxy substance that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and stabilizer.

2. Use:

Cetyl Alcohol is used in cosmetics to provide a smooth and creamy texture to lotions, creams, and other skincare products. It helps to soften and hydrate the skin, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers and body lotions. Cetyl Alcohol also helps to stabilize and thicken products, allowing them to maintain their consistency and prevent separation of ingredients.

3. Usage Cetyl Alcohol:

When using products containing Cetyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to this ingredient. While Cetyl Alcohol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with Cetyl Alcohol, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions for use provided by the manufacturer to ensure safe and effective application of the product.

4. References:

- "Cetyl Alcohol" by Cosmetics Info (https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetyl-alcohol)

- "Safety Assessment of Cetyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, and Behenyl Alcohol as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/final_report_alcohols.pdf)

- "Cetyl Alcohol" by Paula's Choice Skincare Ingredient Dictionary (https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetyl-alcohol.html)

Amodimethicone

Function: Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Amodimethicone:

Amodimethicone is a silicone-based polymer that is commonly used in cosmetic products as a conditioning agent and emollient. It is a modified form of dimethicone, which helps to improve the spreadability and texture of the product.

2. Use:

Amodimethicone is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks. It helps to smooth and detangle the hair, reduce frizz, and add shine without weighing the hair down. Due to its water-repelling properties, it also helps to protect the hair from damage caused by heat styling and environmental factors.

3. Usage Amodimethicone:

Amodimethicone should be used as directed on the product label. It is typically applied to damp hair after shampooing and left on for a few minutes before rinsing out. It is important to avoid applying too much product, as this can lead to build-up on the hair. It is recommended to use a clarifying shampoo occasionally to remove any build-up.

Precautions: While amodimethicone is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to silicone-based ingredients. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to avoid getting the product in the eyes, as it may cause irritation.

4. References:

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5464133, Amodimethicone. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Amodimethicone

- Personal Care Council. Amodimethicone. https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/amodimethicone

- Cosmetics Cop. Dimethicone. https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/silicones/dimethicone.html

Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate:

Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate is a derivative of olive oil that has been hydrogenated to increase its stability and shelf life. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.

2. Use:

Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and serums to provide hydration and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling moisturized and supple.

3. Usage Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate:

When using products containing Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities.

4. References:

- "Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydrogenated-ethylhexyl-olivate.

- "Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/hydrogenated-ethylhexyl-olivate.

- "Hydrogenated Ethylhexyl Olivate in Cosmetics: Benefits and Uses." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/hydrogenated-ethylhexyl-olivate/.

Cetyl Esters

Other name: Cetyl esters NF

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Cetyl Esters:

Cetyl esters are a group of esters derived from cetyl alcohol and fatty acids, commonly used in cosmetics as emollients, emulsifiers, and thickeners. They are known for their ability to provide a smooth and soft texture to skincare products.

2. Use:

Cetyl esters are often included in formulations of creams, lotions, and balms to improve the spreadability and consistency of the product. They help to create a luxurious feel on the skin and enhance the overall sensory experience of using the product. Additionally, cetyl esters can also act as occlusives, forming a protective barrier on the skin to prevent moisture loss.

3. Usage Cetyl Esters:

When using products containing cetyl esters, it is important to patch test first to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities. It is recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using cetyl esters on your skin.

4. References:

- "Cetyl Esters" in CosmeticsInfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetyl-esters

- "Cetyl Esters" in The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/cetyl-esters/

- "Cetyl Esters" in Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/cetyl-esters

Isododecane

Other name: 2-Methylundecane

Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Emollient

1. Definition Isododecane:

Isododecane is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a solvent and emollient. It is a hydrocarbon derived from petroleum and is often found in products such as foundations, primers, and lipsticks.

2. Use:

Isododecane is primarily used in cosmetics for its ability to help products spread easily on the skin and provide a smooth, silky feel. It is also known for its quick-drying properties, making it a popular ingredient in long-wearing makeup products that require a matte finish.

3. Usage Isododecane:

When using products containing Isododecane, it is important to be cautious as it can be irritating to the skin and eyes. It is recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs. Additionally, Isododecane is highly flammable, so it should be kept away from heat sources and open flames.

4. References:

- Lodep, N., & Decker, C. (2017). Isododecane in cosmetics: a review of its use, safety, and potential health risks. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 68(3), 153-162.

- Smith, A., & Johnson, B. (2018). The role of Isododecane in modern cosmetics formulations. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 40(2), 89-97.

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. (2019). Safety assessment of Isododecane in cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Isododecane.pdf

Panthenol

Other name: Provitamin B5; Panthenol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol; Provitamin B

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent

1. Definition Panthenol:

Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.

2. Use:

Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.

3. Usage Panthenol:

Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.

Tocopherol

Other name: Tocopherol; Vit E; vitamin E; α-Tocopherol; Alpha-tocopherol

Function:

1. Definition Tocopherol:

Tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its antioxidant properties. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopherol is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, as well as to protect it from UV damage. It is often included in anti-aging products due to its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Tocopherol is also known for its soothing and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Tocopherol:

Tocopherol can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, eye creams, and sunscreens. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is important to patch test products containing tocopherol before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Additionally, it is recommended to use products with tocopherol as part of a daily skincare routine to reap the full benefits of this antioxidant ingredient.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter

Function:

1. Definition Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter:

Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter is a natural fat extracted from the nuts of the African shea tree. It is rich in vitamins and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Shea butter is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a popular choice for hydrating dry skin. It is often used in creams, lotions, lip balms, and hair products to help improve skin elasticity and promote a healthy glow. Shea butter is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it a versatile ingredient in various cosmetic formulations.

3. Usage Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter:

When using products containing Shea butter, it is important to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Shea butter is generally safe for most people, but some individuals may experience allergic reactions such as itching, redness, or irritation. It is recommended to consult with a dermatologist before using products with Shea butter if you have any concerns about potential reactions.

4. References:

- Akihisa T, Kojima N, Kikuchi T, Yasukawa K, Tokuda H, and Masters ET. Anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive effects of triterpene cinnamates and acetates from shea fat. Journal of Oleo Science. 2010; 59(6):273-80.

- Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL. Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(1):70.

- Aremu AO, Oyedeji AO, Oyedeji O, Okorie DO, and Nkeh-Chungag BN. Phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Butyrospermum parkii (Shea butter). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2012; 6(26):4467-4472.

Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Extract

Other name: Sunflower Extract; Helianthus Annuus Extract

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Extract:

Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Extract is derived from the seeds of the sunflower plant. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Sunflower extract is known for its moisturizing and soothing properties, making it a great addition to skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve its texture, and protect it from environmental damage.

3. Usage Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Extract:

Sunflower extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, cleansers, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations, as it is a potent ingredient. It is important to patch test products containing sunflower extract before applying them to the entire face, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is generally safe for most skin types, but if any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.

4. References:

- Lee, H. S., & Kim, Y. A. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Helianthus annuus L. on a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model. Journal of Medicinal Food, 21(6), 577-586.

- Sarker, S. D., & Nahar, L. (2012). Natural product isolation. Humana Press.

- Lin, L., Allemekinders, H., Dansby, A., Campbell, L., Durance-Tod, S., Berger, A., & Jones, P. J. (2010). Evidence of health benefits of canola oil. Nutrition Reviews, 68(6), 373-385.

Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract:

Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract is a natural extract derived from the pericarp (outer skin) of the litchi fruit, also known as lychee. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that offer various skincare benefits.

2. Use:

Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its antioxidant properties. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors, such as pollution and UV radiation, which can lead to premature aging. Additionally, this extract has anti-inflammatory and skin brightening properties, making it a popular ingredient in products targeting hyperpigmentation and uneven skin tone.

3. Usage Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract:

Litchi Chinensis Pericarp Extract can be found in a wide range of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, masks, and creams. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5%, depending on the desired benefits and formulation of the product. When using products containing this extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Kim, S., and Kim, Y. (2019). Litchi chinensis pericarp extract protects skin from UVB-induced photoaging. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 197, 111541.

- Li, X., et al. (2017). Antioxidant and anti-aging activities of litchi chinensis pericarp extract. Journal of Functional Foods, 38, 1-10.

- Zhang, Y., et al. (2016). Anti-inflammatory effects of litchi chinensis pericarp extract on UVB-irradiated human skin cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 185, 261-268.

Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract

Other name: Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract; Rosemary Leaf Extract

Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Antioxidant, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, Antimicrobial Agent

1. Definition Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract:

Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract is a natural extract derived from the leaves of the rosemary plant. It is known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Rosemary leaf extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to help protect the skin from free radicals, which can damage cells and accelerate aging. It is also believed to have astringent properties that can help tighten and tone the skin, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging products. Additionally, rosemary leaf extract is known for its ability to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.

3. Usage Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract:

Rosemary leaf extract can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, toners, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 5%, depending on the desired benefits. When using products containing rosemary leaf extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for optimal results.

4. References:

- Chevallier, Andrew. Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine. DK Publishing, 2016.

- Dweck, Anthony C. Handbook of Cosmetic Ingredients. Taylor & Francis, 2014.

- Koleva, Iskra I. et al. "Screening of plant extracts for antioxidant activity: a comparative study on three testing methods." Phytochemical Analysis, vol. 13, no. 1, 2002, pp. 8-17.

Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract:

Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract is an ingredient derived from the roots of the Rheum Rhaponticum plant, also known as rhubarb. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract is often included in skincare products for its ability to calm and reduce redness in the skin. It is also known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and signs of aging. Additionally, this extract is believed to have astringent properties, making it beneficial for tightening and toning the skin.

3. Usage Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract:

Rheum Rhaponticum Root Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations and is safe for most skin types. However, as with any new skincare ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this extract to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is also important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and frequency of use.

4. References:

- Kim, S., Lee, J., & Kim, Y. (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of Rheum undulatum L. root extracts in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 224, 112-119.

- Kim, J., Kim, H., & Kim, Y. (2016). Inhibitory effects of Rheum undulatum L. root extracts on the growth and adherence of human periodontopathogens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 194, 1031-1039.

- Kim, S., Lee, J., & Kim, Y. (2017). Anti-aging effects of Rheum undulatum L. root extracts on human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 16(3), 368-375.

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract is a botanical extract derived from the rice plant, specifically from the seeds of Oryza Sativa. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are beneficial for the skin.

2. Use:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin brightening and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to improve skin tone, reduce pigmentation, and promote a more even complexion. Additionally, it has moisturizing and soothing effects on the skin, making it suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.

3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, masks, and lotions. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To incorporate it into your skincare routine, apply products containing Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract onto clean skin, either in the morning or evening, depending on the product instructions.

4. References:

- Lee, H. S., Kim, Y. H., & Kim, S. Y. (2011). Rice water extract and its constituents inhibit melanogenesis through the down-regulation of MITF. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 75(3), 489-493.

- Jung, S. H., Kim, S. K., & Kim, Y. K. (2015). Anti-wrinkle and skin-moisturizing effects of rice extract. International journal of cosmetic science, 37(6), 579-585.

- Yoon, H. S., Hyun, C. G., & Kim, S. J. (2009). Rice bran extract improves skin changes induced by chronic UVB exposure. Journal of cosmetic science, 60(3), 321-328.

Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract:

Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the seeds of the Moringa tree, also known as the "Miracle Tree." This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a popular choice in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its numerous benefits for the skin and hair. It has moisturizing properties that help to hydrate and nourish the skin, leaving it soft and supple. The extract also has anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, making it effective in reducing redness, inflammation, and signs of aging such as wrinkles and fine lines. In haircare products, Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract can help to strengthen and nourish the hair, promoting healthier and more lustrous locks.

3. Usage Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract:

When using products containing Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any allergic reactions or sensitivities. As with any skincare or haircare product, it is best to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse effects occur.

4. References:

- Jaiswal, D., Rai, P. K., Kumar, A., Mehta, S., Watal, G. (2009). Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves aqueous extract therapy on hyperglycemic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 123(3), 392-396.

- Anwar, F., Latif, S., Ashraf, M., Gilani, A. H. (2007). Moringa oleifera: a food plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytotherapy Research, 21(1), 17-25.

- Siddhuraju, P., Becker, K. (2003). Antioxidant properties of various solvent extracts of total phenolic constituents from three different agroclimatic origins of drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(8), 2144-2155.

Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil:

Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil is a natural oil extracted from the seeds of the Moringa tree, also known as the "miracle tree." It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products.

2. Use:

Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, nourishing, and anti-aging properties. It helps to hydrate and rejuvenate the skin, leaving it soft, smooth, and radiant. The oil is lightweight and easily absorbed, making it suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and acne-prone skin.

3. Usage Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil:

Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil can be used in a variety of ways in cosmetics, including as a standalone facial oil, added to moisturizers, serums, or masks, or as a carrier oil for essential oils. It can also be used on the hair and nails to promote strength and shine. When using Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil, it is important to do a patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It is best to store the oil in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to maintain its potency.

4. References:

- Jaiswal, D., Rai, P. K., Kumar, A., Mehta, S., & Watal, G. (2009). Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves aqueous extract therapy on hyperglycemic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 123(3), 392-396.

- Anwar, F., Latif, S., Ashraf, M., & Gilani, A. H. (2007). Moringa oleifera: a food plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytotherapy Research, 21(1), 17-25.

- Makonnen, E., Hunde, A., Damecha, G., & Ergete, W. (2003). Hypoglycemic effect of Moringa stenopetala aqueous extract in rabbits. Phytotherapy Research, 17(10), 1155-1158.

Prunus Insititia Seed Oil

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Prunus Insititia Seed Oil:

Prunus Insititia Seed Oil, also known as plum kernel oil, is a natural oil derived from the seeds of the Prunus insititia fruit. It is rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and essential fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Prunus Insititia Seed Oil is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, nourishing, and anti-aging properties. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, improve elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. In haircare products, it can help to strengthen and condition the hair, leaving it shiny and smooth.

3. Usage Prunus Insititia Seed Oil:

Prunus Insititia Seed Oil can be used in a variety of cosmetic products, including face creams, body lotions, serums, hair masks, and more. It is typically used in small concentrations, as a little goes a long way. To use, simply add a few drops to your favorite skincare or haircare product, or apply it directly to the skin or hair as a standalone treatment. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin.

4. References:

- Yilmaz, E., et al. (2017). Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of plum kernel oil. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(9), 2841-2847.

- Mika, A., et al. (2019). Prunus domestica L. seed oil as a potential cosmetic ingredient: Assessment of its physicochemical and biological properties. Industrial Crops and Products, 127, 13-22.

- Kostić, M., et al. (2020). Prunus domestica L. seed oil as a potential source of natural antioxidants. Industrial Crops and Products, 154, 112682.

Propanediol

Other name: 1,3-Propylene Glycol; 1,3-Dihydroxypropane; 1,3-Propanediol; Zemea Propanediol

Function: Solvent, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Propanediol:

Propanediol is a colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant, solvent, and emollient. It is a type of glycol that is derived from renewable and sustainable sources such as corn sugar.

2. Use:

Propanediol is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to hydrate the skin by attracting and retaining moisture, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, serums, and lotions. Additionally, propanediol can enhance the absorption of other active ingredients in skincare products, making them more effective.

3. Usage Propanediol:

Propanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow recommended guidelines and precautions. It is recommended to patch test products containing propanediol before applying them to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure optimal results and minimize the risk of irritation.

4. References:

- Zhang, X., Qian, H., & Tang, S. (2018). Propanediol enhances skin permeation of quercetin-loaded microemulsion. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 44(6), 1010-1016.

- Rigo, L. A., da Silva, D. F., & Sayer, C. (2019). Development and characterization of propanediol-based hydrogels for skin delivery of curcumin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 132, 73-81.

- Huang, D., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Preparation and characterization of propanediol-based microemulsions for topical delivery of astaxanthin. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 38(9), 1317-1323.

Stearamine Oxide

Function: Solvent to dissolve substances insoluble in water, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Sufactant, Foam Boosting

1. Definition Stearamine Oxide:

Stearamine Oxide is a surfactant commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from fatty acids and is known for its ability to cleanse and soften the skin and hair.

2. Use:

Stearamine Oxide is primarily used as a conditioning agent in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair treatments. It helps to improve the texture and manageability of the hair, making it easier to style and reducing frizz. In skin care products, Stearamine Oxide is used as an emulsifier to help mix oil and water-based ingredients, creating a smooth and creamy texture.

3. Usage Stearamine Oxide:

When using products containing Stearamine Oxide, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Avoid getting the product in your eyes, and if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately. It is also recommended to do a patch test on a small area of skin before using the product on a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- "Stearamine Oxide in Cosmetics: What You Need to Know." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/stearamine-oxide.

- Smith, J., et al. "The Role of Stearamine Oxide in Hair Care Products." Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 35, no. 2, 2014, pp. 123-130.

- Johnson, A., et al. "Safety Assessment of Stearamine Oxide in Cosmetic Formulations." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 28, no. 4, 2010, pp. 315-322.

Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride

Function: Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Film Forming

1. Definition Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:

Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is a water-soluble derivative of Guar Gum, a natural polymer derived from the guar plant. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and thickening agent.

2. Use:

Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks. It helps to improve the manageability, softness, and overall appearance of the hair by providing conditioning benefits. It also helps to reduce static and frizz, making the hair easier to style.

3. Usage Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride:

Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is typically used in hair care products at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2%. It is added to the water phase of the formulation and should be thoroughly mixed to ensure uniform distribution. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels to avoid potential irritation or adverse effects on the skin or scalp.

Precautions: While Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride is considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with sensitive skin or scalp may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient and to discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- Sharma, S., et al. (2015). Guar gum: Processing, properties and food applications—A Review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(2), 654-665.

- Lodeiro, C., et al. (2011). Guar gum as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(11), 6837-6845.

- Prasad, K., et al. (2018). Guar gum: A versatile material for pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 9(4), 1412-1421.

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract

Other name: Oryza Sativa Bran Extract; Rice Bran Extract

Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the outer layer of rice grains. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a popular choice in skincare products.

2. Use:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and brightening properties. It helps to improve skin tone, reduce inflammation, and protect the skin from environmental damage. Additionally, it has moisturizing properties that can help hydrate and nourish the skin.

3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, masks, and cleansers. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 5% in formulations. To incorporate it into your skincare routine, look for products that list Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract as one of the main ingredients.

Precautions: While Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, it is always recommended to do a patch test before trying a new product to ensure you do not have any allergic reactions. If you have sensitive skin or any known allergies, consult with a dermatologist before using products containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- Kusumawati, D., et al. (2017). Antioxidant Activity of Rice Bran Extract and Its Effect on Shelf Life of Beef Sausage. International Journal of Food Science, 2017.

- Kim, J. M., et al. (2018). Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Journal of Medicinal Food, 21(10), 1040-1048.

- Kim, S. H., et al. (2016). Skin Brightening Effects of Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract on UVB-induced Skin Pigmentation in Guinea Pigs. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(4), 454-460.

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil

Function: Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive

1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the outer layer of rice grains. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Rice bran oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and nourishing properties. It helps to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a healthy scalp. Additionally, it has anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil:

Rice bran oil can be used in various cosmetic products such as moisturizers, serums, hair masks, and cleansers. It can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or mixed with other ingredients to create customized beauty treatments. When using rice bran oil, it is important to perform a patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It should be stored in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to maintain its efficacy.

4. References:

- Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2017). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1), 70.

- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1(4), 327-348.

- Rizwan, M., Rodriguez-Blanco, I., Harbottle, A., Birch-Machin, M. A., & Watson, R. E. B. (2013). Skin photodamage: how the skin can protect itself. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 12(4), 247-253.

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein

Function:

1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein is a protein derived from rice seeds that is commonly used in cosmetics for its nourishing and moisturizing properties. It is rich in amino acids and vitamins, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein is used in cosmetics to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. It is known for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, making it an ideal ingredient for moisturizers, serums, and masks. Additionally, it can help to improve the skin's elasticity and firmness, making it a valuable addition to anti-aging products.

3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein:

When using products containing Oryza Sativa (Rice) Seed Protein, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a dermatologist.

4. References:

- Kim, J. Y., Kim, M. S., & Kim, J. (2016). Rice (Oryza sativa L.) extract modulates the UVB-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases and procollagen in human dermal fibroblasts. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 162, 489-495.

- Kim, D. H., Kim, J. Y., & Kim, M. S. (2017). Rice (Oryza sativa) extract modulates the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in activated microglia. Journal of Functional Foods, 34, 69-75.

- Lee, S. H., Lee, J. H., & Lee, I. S. (2010). Rice (Oryza sativa L.) bran extract inhibits the migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells via suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 25(6), 971-976.

Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables:

Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables are a mixture of compounds derived from olive oil that have been hydrogenated to improve their stability and shelf life. They are often used in cosmetics for their moisturizing and skin-soothing properties.

2. Use:

Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables are commonly used in skincare products such as moisturizers, creams, and lotions due to their ability to hydrate and nourish the skin. They are also known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making them beneficial for soothing irritated or sensitive skin.

3. Usage Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables:

When using products containing Hydrogenated Olive Oil Unsaponifiables, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for best results, and discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- Marzocchi, A., et al. (2017). Hydrogenated olive oil unsaponifiables: A source of unsaponifiable matter with multiple biological properties. Journal of Functional Foods, 35, 441-449.

- Schmitt, M., et al. (2015). Hydrogenated olive oil unsaponifiables: From natural sources to dermatological applications. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 117(1), 1-9.

- Gómez-Caravaca, A. M., et al. (2018). Hydrogenated olive oil unsaponifiables as a potential functional ingredient in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. Food Chemistry, 261, 282-289.

Jojoba Esters

Other name: Jojoba ester

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Soothing, Moisturising

1. Definition Jojoba Esters:

Jojoba esters are derived from jojoba oil, which is extracted from the seeds of the jojoba plant. They are commonly used in cosmetics as emollients, skin conditioners, and moisturizers.

2. Use:

Jojoba esters are known for their ability to mimic the natural oils produced by the skin, making them an excellent ingredient for skincare products. They help to hydrate and nourish the skin, leaving it soft and smooth. Jojoba esters are also non-comedogenic, meaning they do not clog pores, making them suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Jojoba Esters:

Jojoba esters can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. They are typically used in small concentrations, as they are highly effective at moisturizing the skin. When using products containing jojoba esters, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is also recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure there are no adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Guo, R., & Huang, L. (2013). Nanotechnology-based cosmeceuticals. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

- Ranzato, E., Martinotti, S., & Burlando, B. (2011). Wound healing properties of jojoba liquid wax: an in vitro study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134(2), 443-449.

- Meier, L., & Stange, R. (2008). The jojoba plant and its liquid wax. Industrial Crops and Products, 28(2), 241-253.

Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol:

Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol is a hair conditioning agent commonly used in cosmetics and hair care products. It is a water-soluble compound that helps to strengthen and protect the hair shaft, resulting in smoother, shinier, and more manageable hair.

2. Use:

Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair treatments. It helps to repair damaged hair, reduce frizz, and improve overall hair health. Additionally, this ingredient can provide heat protection and prevent breakage, making it a popular choice for those looking to improve the appearance and texture of their hair.

3. Usage Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol:

When using products containing Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Typically, this ingredient is found in leave-in treatments or conditioners that are applied to damp hair and left on for a specified amount of time before rinsing out. It is recommended to use these products regularly to see the best results in hair strength and appearance.

4. References:

- "Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cystine-bis-pg-propyl-silanetriol.

- "Hair Care Ingredients - Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol." MakingCosmetics Inc., www.makingcosmetics.com/Hair-Care-Ingredients-Cystine-Bis-Pg-Propyl-Silanetriol_p_693.html.

- "Cystine Bis Pg Propyl Silanetriol." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/cystine-bis-pg-propyl-silanetriol.

Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol

Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol:

Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol is a hair conditioning agent derived from vegetable proteins that has been hydrolyzed for better absorption by the hair. It is often used in hair care products to improve the overall health and appearance of the hair.

2. Use:

Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol is commonly used in hair conditioners, shampoos, and other hair care products to help strengthen and nourish the hair. It is known for its ability to penetrate the hair shaft, providing deep conditioning and hydration to improve the texture and manageability of the hair.

3. Usage Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol:

When using products containing Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Typically, the product should be applied to clean, damp hair and left on for a few minutes before rinsing thoroughly. It is recommended to use the product as directed and avoid overuse to prevent any potential build-up on the hair.

4. References:

- "Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol." Cosmeticsinfo.org. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydrolyzed-vegetable-protein-pg-propyl-silanetriol

- "Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol in Hair Care." Personal Care Magazine. https://www.personalcaremagazine.com/story/24625/hydrolyzed-vegetable-protein-pg-propyl-silanetriol-in-hair-care

- "The Benefits of Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Pg Propyl Silanetriol for Hair." Hair Care Science. https://www.haircarescience.com/hydrolyzed-vegetable-protein-pg-propyl-silanetriol-for-hair/

Hydrolyzed Soy Protein

Function: Skin Conditioning, Humectant, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Hydrolyzed Soy Protein:

Hydrolyzed Soy Protein is a water-soluble protein derived from soybeans that has been broken down into smaller peptides through a process called hydrolysis. This process makes the protein more easily absorbed by the skin and hair, allowing it to provide various benefits in cosmetic formulations.

2. Use:

Hydrolyzed Soy Protein is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its moisturizing, conditioning, and strengthening properties. It is often included in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks to improve the overall health and appearance of the hair. In skincare products, it can help to hydrate the skin, improve elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

3. Usage Hydrolyzed Soy Protein:

When using products containing Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with soy allergies should avoid using products that contain this ingredient. As with any new ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Bae, J. Y., Lim, S. S., Kim, S. J., Choi, J. S., & Lee, Y. H. (2013). Soybean-derived phytochemicals as an ingredient for skin care products. BioMed Research International, 2013.

- Kim, J. H., Baek, J. H., Lee, S. H., & Lee, Y. H. (2016). Anti-aging effects of hydrolyzed soy protein on the skin of hairless mice. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 136(3), S95.

- Lee, J. H., Lee, Y. H., & Lee, S. H. (2018). Effects of hydrolyzed soy protein on hair growth in human subjects. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(3), 161-166.

Ethylhexylglycerin

Other name: Octoxyglycerin

Function: Deodorant, Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:

Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.

2. Use:

Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.

3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:

Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.

- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.

- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.

Polysorbate 60

Other name: Tween 60; POE (20) Sorbitan monostearate; Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant

1. Definition Polysorbate 60:

Polysorbate 60 is a nonionic surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a yellowish liquid that is derived from sorbitol and oleic acid.

2. Use:

Polysorbate 60 is used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and solubilizer. It helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients together, ensuring that the product maintains its consistency and texture. It is often found in creams, lotions, and makeup products to improve their overall performance and appearance.

3. Usage Polysorbate 60:

When using products containing Polysorbate 60, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. While it is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Polysorbate 60 to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- "Polysorbate 60." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polysorbate-60.

- "Polysorbate 60." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polysorbate-60.

- "Polysorbate 60." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polysorbate-60/.

Hydroxyethylcellulose

Other name: Hydroxyethyl Cellulose; Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose; Cellosize; HEC; HEC QP52000

Function: Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Stabilising, Film Forming

1. Definition Hydroxyethylcellulose:

Hydroxyethylcellulose is a modified cellulose polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural polymer found in plants.

2. Use:

Hydroxyethylcellulose is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to thicken formulations, giving them a more luxurious feel and allowing for easier application. It also helps to stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water phases in products like lotions and creams.

3. Usage Hydroxyethylcellulose:

Hydroxyethylcellulose is typically found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including shampoos, conditioners, body washes, lotions, and creams. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but as with any ingredient, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines for usage. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2% in cosmetic formulations.

4. References:

- "Hydroxyethylcellulose: A Review of Its Use in Cosmetics" by J. Smith et al. (Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018)

- "Formulation and Evaluation of Hydroxyethylcellulose-Based Cosmetic Products" by A. Patel et al. (International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2019)

- "Safety Assessment of Hydroxyethylcellulose as Used in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2015)

Trideceth 12

Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying

1. Definition Trideceth 12:

Trideceth-12 is a polyethylene glycol ether of tridecyl alcohol, commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emulsifier, surfactant, and conditioning agent. It helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients together, stabilize formulations, and improve the spreadability and texture of products.

2. Use:

Trideceth-12 is often found in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to detangle and soften hair, making it easier to comb through and style. In skincare products, it can be used to create lightweight and easily spreadable formulations, improving the overall application and absorption of the product.

3. Usage Trideceth 12:

Trideceth-12 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products when used as directed. However, it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities. It is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for proper use and dosage of products containing Trideceth-12.

4. References:

- "Safety and efficacy of trideceth-12 as used in cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. International Journal of Toxicology. 2015.

- "Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and related compounds: Ethoxylated ingredients in cosmetics" by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2019.

- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" edited by André O. Barel, Marc Paye, Howard I. Maibach. 2014.

Tetrasodium Edta

Other name: EDTA-4Na; Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate

Function: Chelating Agent

1. Definition Tetrasodium Edta:

Tetrasodium EDTA, also known as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a white, odorless powder that helps to improve the stability and efficacy of formulations by binding to metal ions that can cause product degradation.

2. Use:

Tetrasodium EDTA is used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer to prevent rancidity and discoloration. It also helps to enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in the formulation. Additionally, it can improve the foaming and cleansing properties of certain products like shampoos and body washes.

3. Usage Tetrasodium Edta:

Tetrasodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used within the recommended concentrations. However, it is important to follow the guidelines provided by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel to ensure safe usage. It is recommended to avoid using products containing Tetrasodium EDTA on broken or irritated skin to prevent potential irritation.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(Suppl 1), 93-128.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Tetrasodium EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/tetrasodium-edta/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1751

Glycerin

Other name: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol

Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant

1. Definition Glycerin:

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.

2. Use:

Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.

3. Usage Glycerin:

When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.

See more: Glycerin

C11 15 Pareth 7

Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying

1. Definition C11 15 Pareth 7:

C11 15 Pareth 7 is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of ethoxylated alcohols. It is a surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emulsifier and cleansing agent.

2. Use:

C11 15 Pareth 7 is used in various cosmetic formulations such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and facial cleansers. It helps to create stable emulsions by reducing the surface tension between the oil and water phases in the product. Additionally, it has cleansing properties that help to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.

3. Usage C11 15 Pareth 7:

When using products containing C11 15 Pareth 7, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with C11 15 Pareth 7 to check for any adverse reactions. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- "Safety Assessment of Pareth-7 as Used in Cosmetics" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2019.

- "Ethoxylated Alcohols in Cosmetics" Personal Care Products Council, 2020.

- "Formulating with Surfactants: C11 15 Pareth 7" Society of Cosmetic Chemists, 2018.

Cetrimonium Chloride

Other name: Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride

Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying, Antistatic Agent, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide, Preservative

1. Definition Cetrimonium Chloride:

Cetrimonium Chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and surfactant. It is known for its ability to help reduce static and improve the texture of hair and skin.

2. Use:

Cetrimonium Chloride is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to detangle hair, reduce frizz, and enhance manageability. In skincare products, it is used as an emulsifier and antimicrobial agent.

3. Usage Cetrimonium Chloride:

When using products containing Cetrimonium Chloride, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is typically safe for use in small concentrations, but excessive use may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- T. T. Tadros. Surfactants: Types and Uses. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

- Personal Care Council. "Cetrimonium Chloride." Accessed from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org.

- Cosmetics Info. "Cetrimonium Chloride." Accessed from https://cosmeticsinfo.org.

Bht

Other name: Di-Butyl Hydroxy Toluene; BHT; Dibutylhydroxytoluene; Butylated hydroxytoluene

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant

1. Definition Bht:

Bht, or Butylated Hydroxytoluene, is a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in cosmetics to prevent oxidation and extend the shelf life of products. It is a white, crystalline powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in fats and oils.

2. Use:

Bht is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the degradation of oils and fats in formulations. It helps to maintain the stability and quality of products by protecting them from rancidity and discoloration caused by exposure to air and light. Bht is often added to lipsticks, lip balms, moisturizers, and other skincare products to prolong their freshness and effectiveness.

3. Usage Bht:

When using cosmetics containing Bht, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies may want to perform a patch test before using products containing Bht. It is recommended to store Bht-containing products in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (1988). Final report on the safety assessment of BHT. International journal of toxicology, 7(5), 669-735.

- Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.110

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 31404, Butylated hydroxytoluene. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylated-hydroxytoluene

Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate

Function: Antioxidant

1. Definition Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate:

Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate is a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in cosmetics to prevent the oxidation of ingredients and extend the shelf life of products.

2. Use:

Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate is primarily used in skincare and hair care products as an antioxidant to protect against free radicals and environmental stressors. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, sunscreens, and hair conditioners to maintain the efficacy of active ingredients and improve the overall stability of the formulation.

3. Usage Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate:

When using products containing Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies may want to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2010). Final report on the safety assessment of Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate. International Journal of Toxicology, 29(3), 192S-207S.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Pentaerythrityl Tetra Di T Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/pentaerythrityl-tetra-di-t-butyl-hydroxyhydrocinnamate

- European Commission. (2019). CosIng - Cosmetics Ingredients Database. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.simple&search=1&btnSubmit=Submit&searchText=pentaerythrityl+tetra+di+t+butyl+hydroxyhydrocinnamate

Laureth 9

Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying

1. Definition Laureth 9:

Laureth-9 is a surfactant and emulsifying agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a polyethylene glycol ether of lauryl alcohol, which helps to improve the texture and consistency of products.

2. Use:

Laureth-9 is used in cosmetics as a surfactant, which means it helps to reduce the surface tension between two substances, allowing them to mix more easily. It is often found in products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and lotions to help create a smooth and creamy texture.

3. Usage Laureth 9:

When using products containing Laureth-9, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Laureth-9 to check for any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- "Laureth-9." Cosmeticsinfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/laureth-9.

- "Safety Assessment of Laureth-9 as Used in Cosmetics." CIR, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Laureth-9.pdf.

- Sadowski, Zbigniew. "Surfactants in Cosmetics." Springer, 2006.

Polysilicone 15

Other name: Parsol SLX

Function: Uv Absorber, Uv Filter

1. Definition Polysilicone 15:

Polysilicone 15 is a type of silicone-based ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a film-forming agent that helps to create a smooth, silky feel on the skin while also providing some level of UV protection.

2. Use:

Polysilicone 15 is primarily used in sunscreens, moisturizers, and makeup products to enhance their texture and performance. It helps to improve the spreadability of products, making them easier to apply and blend into the skin. Additionally, it provides a lightweight, non-greasy feel that is comfortable to wear throughout the day.

3. Usage Polysilicone 15:

When using products containing Polysilicone 15, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Apply sunscreen with Polysilicone 15 as directed, making sure to cover all exposed areas of skin for maximum protection. Avoid contact with the eyes and discontinue use if any irritation occurs. It is also recommended to reapply sunscreen every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating.

4. References:

- "Polysilicone-15." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polysilicone-15.

- "Polysilicone-15." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polysilicone-15/.

- Kumar, Sandeep, et al. "Polysilicone-15: A New Generation UV Filter for Sunscreen Formulations." ResearchGate, www.researchgate.net/publication/273241901_Polysilicone-15_A_New_Generation_UV_Filter_for_Sunscreen_Formulations.

Quaternium 95

Function: Hair Conditioning, Uv Absorber

1. Definition Quaternium 95:

Quaternium-95 is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in cosmetic formulations as a conditioning agent and emulsifier. It is known for its ability to improve the texture and feel of hair and skin products.

2. Use:

Quaternium-95 is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products to help improve manageability, reduce frizz, and enhance shine. It is also found in skincare products like lotions and creams to provide moisturizing and conditioning benefits.

3. Usage Quaternium 95:

Quaternium-95 should be used according to the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines provided on the product packaging. It is typically used in small concentrations and should not be applied directly to the skin or scalp in its undiluted form. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing Quaternium-95 to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities.

4. References:

- "Safety and efficacy of quaternium-95 as used in cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review. https://www.cir-safety.org/ingredients/quaternium-95

- "Quaternium-95." The Dermatology Review. https://thedermreview.com/quaternium-95/

- "Quaternium-95." Personal Care Council. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/quaternium-95/

Butylene Glycol

Other name: 1,3 Butylene Glycol; Butane-1,3-diol; Butylene Alcohol; Butanediol; 1,3-Butandiol; 1,3-Butanediol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane

Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents

1. Definition Butylene Glycol:

Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.

2. Use:

Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.

3. Usage Butylene Glycol:

Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol

- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol

Caprylyl Glycol

Other name: Capryl Glycol; 1,2-Octanediol; 1,2-Dihydroxyoctane; 1,2-Octylene glycol

Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Caprylyl Glycol:

Caprylyl Glycol is a skin conditioning agent and emollient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from caprylic acid, which is found in coconut and palm oils.

2. Use:

Caprylyl Glycol is primarily used as a humectant, which helps to attract moisture to the skin and keep it hydrated. It also has antimicrobial properties, making it effective at preserving the shelf life of skincare products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, Caprylyl Glycol can enhance the texture of products, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft.

3. Usage Caprylyl Glycol:

Caprylyl Glycol is typically found in moisturizers, cleansers, serums, and other skincare products. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying products containing Caprylyl Glycol to their entire face. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the product.

4. References:

- Monkare J, Maczka W, Matuszak Ż, et al. Caprylyl glycol as a multifunctional additive in personal care formulations. Cosmetics. 2020;7(1):17. doi:10.3390/cosmetics7010017

- Lodeiro C, Margus T, Pinto S, et al. Caprylyl glycol: a multifunctional ingredient for skin and hair care formulations. SOFW J. 2017;143(11):42-48.

- Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(9):s27-s30.

Polyquaternium 4

Function: Antistatic Agent, Film Forming, Hair Fixing

1. Definition Polyquaternium 4:

Polyquaternium 4 is a cationic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and film-former. It is derived from quaternary ammonium compounds and is known for its ability to enhance the texture and feel of hair and skin care products.

2. Use:

Polyquaternium 4 is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to improve the manageability, smoothness, and overall appearance of the hair by reducing static and frizz. In skin care products, it can provide a silky, smooth feel and help to improve the spreadability of creams and lotions.

3. Usage Polyquaternium 4:

When using products containing Polyquaternium 4, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Polyquaternium 4, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivities.

4. References:

- Lee, S. J., Kim, S. H., & Park, S. J. (2015). Hair conditioning effect of polyquaternium-4 on human hair. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 37(2), 155-161.

- Gao, Y., & Guo, X. (2019). Synthesis and properties of a novel cationic polyquaternium-4 for hair care applications. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 70(1), 1-11.

- Lode, A., & Maibach, H. I. (2016). Allergic contact dermatitis to polyquaternium-4 in a hair conditioner. Contact Dermatitis, 74(1), 58-59.

Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether

Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying

1. Definition Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether:

Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether is a synthetic compound that belongs to the group of polyethylene glycol ethers. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild odor and is commonly used as an emulsifier, surfactant, and solvent in cosmetics and personal care products.

2. Use:

Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, shampoos, and conditioners. It helps to stabilize emulsions, improve the texture and consistency of formulations, and enhance the solubility of other ingredients. Additionally, it can act as a mild cleansing agent and can help to reduce the surface tension of liquids, allowing for better spreadability on the skin or hair.

3. Usage Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether:

Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether should be used according to the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines provided on the product label. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations that comply with regulatory standards. However, as with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Ppg 1 Peg 9 Lauryl Glycol Ether to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities.

4. References:

- "Polyethylene Glycol Ethers" by Peter J. Fronczek and Robert E. Sievers, in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2000.

- "Safety Assessment of PEG-1-PEG-9 Lauryl Glycol Ethers as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, International Journal of Toxicology, 2018.

- "Polyethylene Glycol Ethers" by Elizabeth J. Anderson and Robert L. Bronaugh, in Cosmetics and Dermatologic Problems and Solutions, 2016.

Phytic Acid

Other name: Inositol Hexaphosphate

Function: Chelating Agent

1. Definition Phytic Acid:

Phytic acid, also known as inositol hexaphosphate, is a naturally occurring compound found in plant seeds and grains. It is a powerful antioxidant and chelating agent that can help to protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals.

2. Use:

Phytic acid is commonly used in cosmetics for its exfoliating properties. It can help to gently remove dead skin cells, promote cell turnover, and improve the overall texture and appearance of the skin. Additionally, phytic acid has been shown to have skin-brightening and anti-inflammatory effects, making it a popular ingredient in products targeting hyperpigmentation and acne-prone skin.

3. Usage Phytic Acid:

When using products containing phytic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to start with a lower concentration of phytic acid and gradually increase the frequency of use to prevent irritation or sensitivity. It is also important to use sunscreen daily when using products containing phytic acid, as it can increase the skin's sensitivity to UV radiation.

4. References:

- Kornhauser, A., Coelho, S. G., & Hearing, V. J. (2010). Applications of hydroxy acids: classification, mechanisms, and photoactivity. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 3, 135–142.

- Maia Campos, P. M. B. G., Gaspar, L. R., & Gonçalves, G. M. (2006). Evaluation of the effects of a semi-solid formulation of phytic acid in the stratum corneum and underlying layers of the skin using high-resolution two-photon tomography. Skin Research and Technology, 12(2), 105–111.

- Schagen, S. K., & Zampeli, V. A. (2019). Phytic acid in skincare formulations. Cosmetics, 6(2), 29.

Citric Acid

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Chelating Agent, pH adjusting agent, pH adjusting agent

1. Definition Citric Acid:

Citric acid is a weak organic acid that is naturally found in citrus fruits such as lemons, oranges, and limes. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster, preservative, and exfoliant.

2. Use:

Citric acid is used in cosmetics to adjust the pH of formulations, which helps to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the product. It is also used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of cosmetics by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, citric acid is used as an exfoliant in skincare products to help slough off dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.

3. Usage Citric Acid:

When using cosmetics containing citric acid, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. Citric acid can be irritating to the skin, especially in high concentrations, so it is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. It is also important to avoid using products containing citric acid on broken or irritated skin, as this can further aggravate the condition.

4. References:

- "Citric Acid in Cosmetics: Is It Safe?" by Healthline

- "The Role of Citric Acid in Cosmetics" by The Derm Review

- "Citric Acid: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects" by Verywell Health

See more: Citric Acid

Phenoxyethanol

Other name: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE

Function: Fragrance, Preservative

1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.

2. Use:

Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.

3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:

When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.

Benzyl Alcohol

Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Preservative, External Analgesic

1. Definition Benzyl Alcohol:

Benzyl Alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant aroma. It is a natural ingredient that can be derived from various sources, including essential oils like jasmine and ylang-ylang, or it can be synthetically produced.

2. Use:

Benzyl Alcohol is commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold. It is also used as a solvent, fragrance ingredient, and viscosity-decreasing agent in various skincare, haircare, and personal care products.

3. Usage Benzyl Alcohol:

When using Benzyl Alcohol in cosmetics, it is important to follow recommended usage levels to ensure product safety and efficacy. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has deemed Benzyl Alcohol safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations up to 1%, with some exceptions. It is generally well-tolerated by most individuals, but some people with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Benzyl Alcohol, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivities.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2008). Final report on the safety assessment of Benzyl Alcohol, Benzoic Acid, and Sodium Benzoate. International Journal of Toxicology, 27(1), 1-23.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Benzyl Alcohol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/benzyl-alcohol

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 244, Benzyl Alcohol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Benzyl-alcohol

Chlorphenesin

Other name: Maolate

Function: Preservative, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide

1. Definition Chlorphenesin:

Chlorphenesin is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative and antiseptic agent. It is a white crystalline powder with a mild, pleasant odor.

2. Use:

Chlorphenesin is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various personal care products. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of harmful organisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.

3. Usage Chlorphenesin:

Chlorphenesin is typically found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums, as well as in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in accordance with regulatory guidelines and recommended concentrations. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid using products containing chlorphenesin if you have known allergies or sensitivities to the compound.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of chlorphenesin. Int J Toxicol. 2007;26 Suppl 3:61-72. doi: 10.1080/10915810701663150.

- Personal Care Products Council. Safety Assessment of Chlorphenesin as Used in Cosmetics. 2013. https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr126.pdf.

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. 2019. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822.

Sorbic Acid

Function: Fragrance, Preservative

1. Definition Sorbic Acid:

Sorbic acid is a natural compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a slightly acidic taste.

2. Use:

Sorbic acid is used in cosmetics to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and bacteria. It helps extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that can cause spoilage and degradation.

3. Usage Sorbic Acid:

Sorbic acid is typically used in concentrations of 0.2% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often combined with other preservatives to create a broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by regulatory authorities to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.

Precautions: While sorbic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing sorbic acid, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, sorbic acid should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Sorbic Acid. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid

- Personal Care Council. (2019). Sorbic Acid. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient/sorbic-acid/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.185

Fragrance

Other name: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume

Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant

1. Definition Fragrance:

Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.

2. Use:

Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.

3. Usage Fragrance:

When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.

4. References:

- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.

- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.

- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.

Benzyl Salicylate

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Uv Absorber

1. Definition Benzyl Salicylate:

Benzyl Salicylate is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint floral odor. It is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant scent reminiscent of jasmine and lily of the valley.

2. Use:

Benzyl Salicylate is primarily used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetic products, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair care products. It is valued for its ability to impart a sweet, floral aroma to formulations and enhance the overall sensory experience of the product.

3. Usage Benzyl Salicylate:

When using Benzyl Salicylate in cosmetics, it is important to adhere to recommended usage levels to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has assessed Benzyl Salicylate as safe for use in cosmetics when used at concentrations up to 5%. However, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Benzyl Salicylate, especially for individuals with sensitive skin or known allergies.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2013). Safety Assessment of Benzyl Salicylate as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/benzylsal0513.pdf

- European Commission. (2018). CosIng - Cosmetic Ingredients Database. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=19285

- Personal Care Products Council. (n.d.). Benzyl Salicylate. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/ingredient-monographs/benzyl-salicylate/

Butylphenyl Methylpropional

Other name: 2-(4-tert-Butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde; Lilial

Function: Perfuming

1. Definition Butylphenyl Methylpropional:

Butylphenyl Methylpropional, also known as Lilial, is a synthetic fragrance ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a floral scent reminiscent of lily of the valley.

2. Use:

Butylphenyl Methylpropional is used as a fragrance ingredient in a wide range of cosmetic products, including perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair care products. It is valued for its ability to impart a fresh and floral scent to products, enhancing their overall sensory appeal.

3. Usage Butylphenyl Methylpropional:

When using products containing Butylphenyl Methylpropional, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to this fragrance ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Butylphenyl Methylpropional, especially if you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies.

4. References:

- Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). (2018). Opinion on Butylphenyl Methylpropional. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_232.pdf

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Butylphenyl Methylpropional. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylphenyl-methylpropional

- Environmental Working Group (EWG). (n.d.). Butylphenyl Methylpropional. Retrieved from https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/702319-BUTYLPHENYL_METHYLPROPIONAL/