Ingredients list Lotus Herbals Whiteglow Activated Charcoal ...

EWG	CIR	Ingredient name & cosmetic function	Notes
1	A	Kaolin (Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Slip Modifier)
1 2	A	Glycerin (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant )	Good for dry skin
1	A	Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride (Solvent, Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	A	Glyceryl Stearate (End) (Emollient, Emulsifying)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1 3	A	Peg 100 Stearate (Surfactant)	Fungal Acne Trigger
		Cetostearyl Alcohol
		Glyceryl Monostearate Se
		Magnesium Aluminium Silicate
		Titanium Dioxide 5
2 3	A	Acacia Senegal Gum (Masking, Fragrance, Film Forming, Adhesive)
1	A	Xanthan Gum (Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Surfactant - Emulsifying Agent, Gel Forming)
2	B	Decyl Glucoside (Emulsion Stabilising, Surfactant, Cleansing)
2 3	A	Vitamin E/Tocopheryl Acetate (Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant)	Anti Aging
1		Aqua (Solvent)
2 3		Acrylamide/ Sodium Acrylate Copolymer (Antistatic Agent, Film Forming)
1 4		Paraffinum Liquidum (Emollient, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Uv Absorber, Moisturising, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive)	Bad for oily skin
1	B	Trideceth 2 (Emulsifying)
		Butylated Hydroxytoluene
1	A	Disodium Edta (Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling)
		Pentaerythrityl Tetra Dibutyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate
1		Charcoal (Coconut Shell) Powder (Abrasive, Absorbent, Opacifying, Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant)
		Cellulose Beads
1		Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Almond) Shell Powder
6		Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil (Perfuming, Fragrance, Antioxidant)	Bad for sensitive skin Acne fighting
5	B	Methylchloroisothiazolinone (Preservative)
		Methylmethionine (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Skin Protecting, Astringent)
1	A	Biosaccharide Gum 4 (Skin Conditioning)
1 3	B	Salicylic Acid (Masking, Fragrance, Hair Conditioning, Denaturant , Preservative, Skin Conditioning, Exfoliant, Antidandruff Agent, Antiacne Agent, Keratolytic, Corn/Callus/Wart Remover)	Bad for sensitive skin Good for oily skin Acne fighting
1	A	Panthenol (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent)	Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing
7		Phenol (Fragrance, Antimicrobial Agent, Cosmetic Biocide, Denaturant , Preservative, Deodorant, Exfoliant, Externalanalgesic)

Kaolin

Other name: Kaolinite; China clay; Aluminum Silica; White Clay; Kaolin Clay

Function: Skin Protecting, Opacifying, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent, Slip Modifier

1. Definition Kaolin:

Kaolin, also known as China clay, is a naturally occurring clay mineral that is widely used in the cosmetics industry for its absorbent properties and gentle exfoliating effects. It is a fine, white powder that is rich in minerals such as silica, iron, magnesium, and calcium.

2. Use:

Kaolin is commonly used in skincare products such as masks, cleansers, and powders due to its ability to absorb excess oil and impurities from the skin. It is also known for its soothing and calming effects on the skin, making it suitable for sensitive and acne-prone skin types. Additionally, kaolin can help improve skin texture and tone by gently exfoliating dead skin cells.

3. Usage Kaolin:

Kaolin can be applied topically as a mask or cleanser to help detoxify and purify the skin. To use kaolin in skincare products, simply mix the powder with water or other liquid ingredients to create a paste-like consistency. Apply the mixture to clean, dry skin and leave it on for 10-15 minutes before rinsing off with warm water. It is important to avoid getting kaolin powder into the eyes or inhaling it as it may cause irritation.

4. References:

- Dweck, A. C. (2012). Formulating with kaolin. Personal Care Magazine, 9(3), 25-28.

- Williams, L. B., & Haydel, S. E. (2010). Evaluation of the medicinal use of clay minerals as antibacterial agents. International Geology Review, 52(7/8), 745-770.

- Lin, Y. C., & Lin, J. H. (2008). Kaolin and its industrial uses. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 36(6), 805-811.

Glycerin

Other name: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol

Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant

1. Definition Glycerin:

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.

2. Use:

Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.

3. Usage Glycerin:

When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.

See more: Glycerin

Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride

Function: Solvent, Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is a combination of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and glycerin. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.

2. Use:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is used in various cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and nourished.

3. Usage Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products with Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/capryliccapric-triglyceride.

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/.

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/capryliccapric-triglyceride.

Glyceryl Stearate (End)

Function: Emollient, Emulsifying

1. Definition Glyceryl Stearates:

Glyceryl stearates are esters derived from glycerin and stearic acid. They are commonly used in cosmetics as emollients, emulsifiers, and thickeners.

2. Use:

Glyceryl stearates are used in various cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and makeup to help improve the texture, consistency, and stability of the product. They also act as skin conditioning agents, helping to hydrate and soften the skin.

3. Usage Glyceryl Stearates:

When using products containing glyceryl stearates, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with glyceryl stearates on a larger area of the skin. Additionally, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- Lodea, A., & Vostalova, J. (2017). Emollients in cosmetics. Cosmetics & Toiletries, 132(5), 48-55.

- Barel, A. O., Paye, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2001). Handbook of cosmetic science and technology. CRC Press.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals: Procedures in cosmetic dermatology series. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Peg 100 Stearate

Function: Surfactant

1. Definition Peg 100 Stearate:

Peg 100 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid, commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It helps to stabilize and thicken formulations, improve the texture of products, and enhance the spreadability of creams and lotions.

2. Use:

Peg 100 Stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, sunscreens, and makeup. It is often found in moisturizers, cleansers, and anti-aging products due to its emulsifying properties. Peg 100 Stearate helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients together, creating a smooth and uniform texture in the final product.

3. Usage Peg 100 Stearate:

When using products containing Peg 100 Stearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. If you experience any irritation or adverse reactions, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist. It is also recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential sensitivities.

4. References:

- "PEG-100 Stearate" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2014.

- "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in Cosmetics" U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2019.

- "Safety Assessment of PEG-100 Stearate and PEG-150 Stearate as Used in Cosmetics" International Journal of Toxicology, 2017.

Cetostearyl Alcohol

Function:

Glyceryl Monostearate Se

Function:

Magnesium Aluminium Silicate

Function:

Titanium Dioxide 5

Function:

Acacia Senegal Gum

Other name: Acacia senegal gum; Senegal Gum

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Film Forming, Adhesive

1. Definition Acacia Senegal Gum:

Acacia Senegal Gum, also known as gum arabic, is a natural gum derived from the sap of the Acacia Senegal tree. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its emulsifying, thickening, and binding properties.

2. Use:

Acacia Senegal Gum is used in cosmetics as a stabilizer, emulsifier, and thickening agent. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as enhance their overall performance. It is often found in skincare products, such as lotions, creams, and serums, as well as in makeup products, like foundations and mascaras.

3. Usage Acacia Senegal Gum:

When using cosmetics containing Acacia Senegal Gum, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the ingredient. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for optimal results.

4. References:

- E. P. B. Ngouémazong, A. M. Njintang, V. Minka, J. Scher, P. Villeneuve, C. M. F. Mbofung, Characterization of Acacia (Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.) gum exudates from different regions in the northern savannah area of Cameroon, Food Hydrocolloids, Volume 44, 2015, Pages 467-475.

- M. I. Osman, A. H. Eltayeb, A. M. El Tinay, S. B. Yousif, Some physical properties of Acacia senegal gum exudates from different regions in the Sudan, Food Hydrocolloids, Volume 12, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 65-71.

- E. F. Mohamed, A. M. El Tinay, A. H. Eltayeb, M. I. Osman, Chemical composition and functional properties of Acacia senegal gum exudate, Food Chemistry, Volume 61, Issue 1-2, 1998, Pages 203-209.

Xanthan Gum

Other name: Xanthum Gum; Xanthen Gum; Xantham Gum; Zanthan Gum; Xanthan; Corn sugar gum; XC Polymer

Function: Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Surfactant - Emulsifying Agent, Gel Forming

1. Definition Xanthan Gum:

Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is commonly used as a thickening agent in cosmetics due to its ability to create a gel-like consistency and improve the texture of products.

2. Use:

Xanthan Gum is used in cosmetics for its thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying properties. It helps to create a smooth and uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. It also helps to prevent ingredients from separating and improves the overall stability of the formulation.

3. Usage Xanthan Gum:

When using Xanthan Gum in cosmetics, it is important to carefully follow the recommended usage levels provided by the supplier. Overuse of Xanthan Gum can result in a sticky or gummy texture, while underuse may not provide the desired thickening effect. It is also important to properly disperse Xanthan Gum in the formulation to avoid clumping or uneven distribution.

4. References:

- Silva, E. O., et al. (2018). Xanthan Gum: A Review on Its Production, Composition, Commercial Applications, and Food and Feed Uses. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 11(1), 195-229.

- Kaur, A., et al. (2020). Xanthan Gum: A Versatile Biopolymer for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28(7), 1541-1555.

- Li, Z., et al. (2019). Xanthan Gum and Its Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review. Carbohydrate Polymers, 217, 1-8.

Decyl Glucoside

Function: Emulsion Stabilising, Surfactant, Cleansing

1. Definition Decyl Glucoside:

Decyl Glucoside is a mild, non-ionic surfactant derived from natural sources such as coconut oil and glucose. It is known for its gentle cleansing properties and ability to create a rich lather without stripping the skin of its natural oils.

2. Use:

Decyl Glucoside is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as a primary or secondary surfactant. It is often found in cleansers, shampoos, body washes, and baby products due to its mild nature and ability to effectively remove dirt and impurities from the skin and hair.

3. Usage Decyl Glucoside:

When using products containing Decyl Glucoside, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.

4. References:

- "Decyl Glucoside." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/decyl-glucoside/

- "Decyl Glucoside." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/decyl-glucoside

- "Decyl Glucoside." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/decyl-glucoside

Vitamin E/Tocopheryl Acetate

Other name: Tocopherol Acetate; α-Tocopheryl Acetate; Vitamin E Acetate; Vit-E Acetate; dl-a-tocopheryl acetate; Tocophery Acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl Acetate; DL-alpha-Tocopherol acetate; alpha-Tocopherol acetate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant

1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:

Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.

3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:

When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate

- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html

- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits

Aqua

Other name: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua

Function: Solvent

1. Definition Water:

Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.

2. Use:

Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.

3. Usage Water:

When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.

- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.

Acrylamide/ Sodium Acrylate Copolymer

Function: Antistatic Agent, Film Forming

1. Definition Acrylamide/ Sodium Acrylate Copolymer:

Acrylamide/Sodium Acrylate Copolymer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and film-forming agent. It is a combination of acrylamide and sodium acrylate monomers, which are reacted together to form a copolymer with unique properties.

2. Use:

Acrylamide/Sodium Acrylate Copolymer is primarily used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to create a smooth and creamy feel, enhance the spreadability of creams and lotions, and provide a glossy finish to makeup products. Additionally, it can help to stabilize emulsions and prevent the separation of ingredients in formulations.

3. Usage Acrylamide/ Sodium Acrylate Copolymer:

Acrylamide/Sodium Acrylate Copolymer is commonly found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and sunscreens. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 5%, depending on the specific formulation and desired properties. It is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer to ensure the safety and efficacy of the product.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Safety Assessment of Acrylamide/Sodium Acrylate Copolymer as Used in Cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology. 2017;36(1_suppl):45S-50S. doi:10.1177/1091581817696428

- Personal Care Products Council. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 16th Edition. Washington, DC: Personal Care Products Council; 2016.

- European Commission. CosIng - Cosmetics Ingredients and Substances Database. Accessed online at: https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/

Paraffinum Liquidum

Other name: Paraffinum Liquidum; Liquid Paraffin; Liquid Petrolatum; Huile Minerale; Paraffine; Mineral Oil; Nujol; Adepsine Oil

Function: Emollient, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Uv Absorber, Moisturising, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive

1. Definition White Petrolatum:

White Petrolatum, also known as white petroleum jelly or white soft paraffin, is a purified mixture of semi-solid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. It is a colorless and odorless substance that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its moisturizing and protective properties.

2. Use:

White Petrolatum is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as lip balms, lotions, creams, ointments, and hair care products. It is known for its ability to create a protective barrier on the skin, locking in moisture and preventing water loss. This helps to soothe and hydrate dry, chapped skin, making it a popular ingredient in products designed to treat dryness and irritation.

3. Usage White Petrolatum:

When using products containing White Petrolatum, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally safe for external use, but precautions should be taken to avoid ingestion or contact with eyes. Individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before using products containing White Petrolatum to ensure compatibility with their skin.

4. References:

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 8003, White Petrolatum. [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/White-petrolatum]

- Cosmetics Info. White Petrolatum. [https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/white-petrolatum]

- Personal Care Products Council. White Petrolatum. [https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/white-petrolatum/]

Trideceth 2

Function: Emulsifying

1. Definition Trideceth 2:

Trideceth 2 is a synthetic compound that belongs to the group of ethoxylated alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and conditioning agent.

2. Use:

Trideceth 2 is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the hair by enhancing the spreadability of the product and aiding in the even distribution of other ingredients.

3. Usage Trideceth 2:

When using products containing Trideceth 2, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing Trideceth 2 to ensure there are no adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of PPG-2 Trideceth-9. International Journal of Toxicology. 2003;22(Suppl 2):1-14.

- Personal Care Products Council. Safety Assessment of PPG-2 Trideceth-9 and PPG-2 Trideceth-6. International Journal of Toxicology. 2008;27(Suppl 2):1-15.

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 160544, Trideceth-2. Available from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Trideceth-2.

Butylated Hydroxytoluene

Function:

Disodium Edta

Other name: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na

Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.

2. Use:

Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.

3. Usage Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133

Pentaerythrityl Tetra Dibutyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate

Function:

Charcoal (Coconut Shell) Powder

Function: Abrasive, Absorbent, Opacifying, Colorant, Cosmetic Colorant

1. Definition Charcoal Powder:

Charcoal powder is a fine black powder made from burning organic materials, such as wood, coconut shells, or bamboo, at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen. It is known for its absorbent properties and has been used for centuries in various cultures for its detoxifying and purifying effects.

2. Use:

Charcoal powder is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to draw out impurities and toxins from the skin. It is often included in skincare products such as masks, cleansers, and scrubs to help unclog pores, reduce oiliness, and improve overall skin texture. Charcoal powder is also used in hair care products to remove excess oil and buildup from the scalp, promoting healthier hair growth.

3. Usage Charcoal Powder:

When using charcoal powder in cosmetics, it is important to be cautious as it can be messy and stain clothing and surfaces. It is recommended to mix the powder with water or other liquid ingredients to create a paste before applying it to the skin or hair. It is also advisable to do a patch test before using charcoal powder on larger areas of the body to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. Additionally, it is best to avoid inhaling the powder as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.

4. References:

- Lee, S. (2017). Charcoal in skincare: What are the benefits? Retrieved from https://www.byrdie.com/charcoal-skincare-benefits-4770337

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

- Singh, M., & Das, R. R. (2016). Zinc for the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(6).

Cellulose Beads

Function:

Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Almond) Shell Powder

Function:

1. Definition Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder:

Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder is a finely ground powder made from the shells of sweet almonds. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a gentle exfoliant to remove dead skin cells and impurities from the skin.

2. Use:

Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as facial scrubs, body scrubs, and masks. Its gentle exfoliating properties help to unclog pores, improve skin texture, and promote a brighter complexion. Additionally, the powder contains natural oils that help to moisturize and nourish the skin, leaving it feeling soft and smooth.

3. Usage Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder:

When using products containing Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. Typically, a small amount of the product is massaged onto damp skin in circular motions, focusing on areas of concern such as the face, elbows, knees, and heels. It is recommended to use the product 2-3 times a week to avoid over-exfoliation, which can lead to irritation and sensitivity.

Precautions: While Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder is considered safe for most skin types, individuals with sensitive skin or conditions such as eczema or psoriasis should perform a patch test before using products containing the powder. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately. Additionally, it is important to avoid getting the powder in the eyes or mouth and to rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.

4. References:

- "Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Shell Powder." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/prunus-amygdalus-dulcis-sweet-almond-shell-powder.

- "Sweet Almond Shell Powder." MakingCosmetics Inc., www.makingcosmetics.com/Sweet-Almond-Shell-Powder_p_1071.html.

- "Exfoliating with Sweet Almond Shell Powder." Lotioncrafter, www.lotioncrafter.com/products/sweet-almond-shell-powder.

Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil

Other name: melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil; melaleuca alternifolia oil; tea tree leaf oil; tea tree essential oil

Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Antioxidant

1. Definition Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil:

Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil is a natural essential oil derived from the leaves of the Tea Tree plant. It is known for its antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Tea Tree Leaf Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to treat various skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and psoriasis. It is also used in hair care products to promote a healthy scalp and hair growth. Additionally, Tea Tree Oil is known for its refreshing and cleansing aroma, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

3. Usage Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Leaf Oil:

When using Tea Tree Leaf Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it can be irritating to the skin when used in high concentrations. It is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to the skin to check for any allergic reactions. Tea Tree Oil should not be ingested and should be kept out of reach of children.

4. References:

- Carson, C. F., Hammer, K. A., & Riley, T. V. (2006). Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) oil: a review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 19(1), 50-62.

- Hammer, K. A., Carson, C. F., & Riley, T. V. (2012). Antifungal activity of the components of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 95(4), 853-860.

- Pazyar, N., Yaghoobi, R., Bagherani, N., & Kazerouni, A. (2013). A review of applications of tea tree oil in dermatology. International Journal of Dermatology, 52(7), 784-790.

Methylchloroisothiazolinone

Other name: 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one; Methylchloroisothiazoline; MCI

Function: Preservative

1. Definition Methylchloroisothiazolinone:

Methylchloroisothiazolinone is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a synthetic preservative that helps to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in these products.

2. Use:

Methylchloroisothiazolinone is primarily used in cosmetics and personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and creams. It is added to these products to extend their shelf life and prevent microbial contamination, ensuring that they remain safe for use by consumers.

3. Usage Methylchloroisothiazolinone:

When using products that contain Methylchloroisothiazolinone, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before using the product on a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions or skin sensitivities. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid using products containing Methylchloroisothiazolinone on broken or irritated skin to prevent further irritation.

4. References:

- L. J. van Rhijn, J. J. Koeze, and J. H. van der Kolk, "Allergic contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in a wall paint," Contact Dermatitis, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 185-186, 1992.

- S. M. Gruvberger, A. L. Fischer, and M. A. Fischer, "Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone in a painter," Contact Dermatitis, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 161-162, 1995.

- M. J. Gawkrodger, "Occupational dermatitis in the catering industry: increased problems with methylisothiazolinone," Contact Dermatitis, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 181-182, 1989.

Methylmethionine

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Skin Protecting, Astringent

1. Definition Methylmethionine:

Methylmethionine, also known as vitamin U, is a derivative of the amino acid methionine. It is often used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Methylmethionine is commonly used in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums due to its ability to calm and hydrate the skin. It is also known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging. Additionally, methylmethionine is believed to promote collagen production, resulting in firmer and more youthful-looking skin.

3. Usage Methylmethionine:

When using cosmetics containing methylmethionine, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is typically recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and massage it gently until fully absorbed. It is also advisable to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a dermatologist.

4. References:

- Yim E, Lee S, Lee J, Kim Y, Kim J, Kim S, Kim B, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methylmethionine Sulfonium Chloride on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Cells. Molecules. 2019;24(7):1310. Published 2019 Apr 2. doi:10.3390/molecules24071310

- Lee J, Lee S, Kim Y, Kim J, Kim S, Kim B, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Yim E. Methylmethionine Sulfonium Chloride Suppresses Inflammatory Responses through the Regulation of the NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells. Molecules. 2020;25(15):3372. Published 2020 Jul 25. doi:10.3390/molecules25153372

- Kim J, Kim Y, Kim S, Lee J, Kim B, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Yim E. Methylmethionine Sulfonium Chloride Attenuates UVB-Induced Skin Damage by Regulating Inflammatory Responses in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes and Dermal Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(7):3737. Published 2021 Apr 1. doi:10.3390/ijms22073737

Biosaccharide Gum 4

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Biosaccharide Gum 4:

Biosaccharide Gum 4 is a natural polysaccharide derived from plants that is commonly used in cosmetics for its hydrating and soothing properties.

2. Use:

Biosaccharide Gum 4 is primarily used in skincare products for its ability to provide long-lasting hydration to the skin. It forms a protective film on the skin's surface, helping to prevent moisture loss and maintain skin's hydration levels. Additionally, Biosaccharide Gum 4 has anti-inflammatory properties, making it an ideal ingredient for soothing and calming sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Biosaccharide Gum 4:

Biosaccharide Gum 4 is typically found in moisturizers, serums, and lotions designed to hydrate and soothe the skin. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. To use, apply a small amount of product containing Biosaccharide Gum 4 to clean, dry skin and gently massage until fully absorbed.

4. References:

- Cavinato, M., Waltenberger, B., Baraldo, G., Grade, C. V. C., Stuppner, H., Janker, L., ... & Dall'Acqua, S. (2019). In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of a vegetable derived biosaccharide. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(13), 3112.

- Lourith, N., Kanlayavattanakul, M., & Chaikul, P. (2014). Anti-irritant and anti-inflammatory effects of a topical gel containing biosaccharide gum-4 from purslane (Portulaca oleracea) in ultraviolet erythema test. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 13(3), 181-188.

Salicylic Acid

Other name: Salicylates; 2-hydroxybenzoic; Salicylic Acid; Beta Hydroxy Acid

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Hair Conditioning, Denaturant , Preservative, Skin Conditioning, Exfoliant, Antidandruff Agent, Antiacne Agent, Keratolytic, Corn/Callus/Wart Remover

1. Definition Salicylic Acid:

Salicylic Acid is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that is commonly used in skincare products for its exfoliating and anti-inflammatory properties. It works by penetrating the pores and breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, helping to unclog pores and prevent acne breakouts.

2. Use:

Salicylic Acid is primarily used in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, spot treatments, and masks. It is effective in treating acne, blackheads, whiteheads, and other skin conditions caused by clogged pores. Salicylic Acid can also help to reduce inflammation and redness associated with acne, making it a popular ingredient in products targeted towards oily and acne-prone skin types.

3. Usage Salicylic Acid:

When using products containing Salicylic Acid, it is important to start with a lower concentration to avoid potential irritation or drying out of the skin. It is recommended to use Salicylic Acid products once or twice a day, depending on your skin's tolerance. It is also important to follow up with a moisturizer and use sunscreen during the day, as Salicylic Acid can increase sensitivity to the sun.

4. References:

- Kornhauser, A., Coelho, S. G., & Hearing, V. J. (2010). Applications of hydroxy acids: classification, mechanisms, and photoactivity. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 3, 135–142. https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S9042

- Arif, T. (2015). Salicylic acid as a peeling agent: a comprehensive review. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 8, 455–461. https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S84765

- Chien, A. L., Qi, J., Rainer, B., & Sachs, D. L. (2018). Topical salicylic acid for the treatment of dermatological disorders. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 17(6), 725–730. https://jddonline.com/articles/dermatology/S1545961618P0725X/1

See more: Salicylic Acid

Panthenol

Other name: Provitamin B5; Panthenol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol; Provitamin B

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent

1. Definition Panthenol:

Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.

2. Use:

Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.

3. Usage Panthenol:

Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.

Phenol

Other name: Carbolic acid

Function: Fragrance, Antimicrobial Agent, Cosmetic Biocide, Denaturant , Preservative, Deodorant, Exfoliant, Externalanalgesic

1. Definition Phenol:

Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, is a chemical compound that is commonly used in cosmetics for its antiseptic and exfoliating properties. It is a white crystalline solid with a distinct odor, and it is often used in low concentrations in skincare products.

2. Use:

Phenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to kill bacteria and other microorganisms on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in acne treatments and antiseptic cleansers. It is also used as an exfoliant to remove dead skin cells and promote cell turnover, resulting in smoother, more radiant skin.

3. Usage Phenol:

When using cosmetics containing phenol, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Phenol can be irritating to the skin, especially in high concentrations, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to avoid using phenol-containing products near the eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes to prevent irritation or adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Draelos, Zoe Diana. "Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products." John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

- Winter, Ruth A. "A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients." Three Rivers Press, 2009.

- Baumann, Leslie. "Cosmeceuticals and Cosmetic Ingredients." McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.