Academie Derm Acte Instant Deep Line Filler

1. Definition Ethylhexyl Palmitate:

Ethylhexyl Palmitate is a synthetic ester derived from palm oil and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin-conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a light, non-greasy texture.

2. Use:

Ethylhexyl Palmitate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as moisturizers, sunscreens, foundations, and lipsticks. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, making it smooth and easy to apply. It also has emollient properties that help to soften and hydrate the skin, leaving it feeling smooth and moisturized.

3. Usage Ethylhexyl Palmitate:

When using products containing Ethylhexyl Palmitate, it is important to be aware of potential skin sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience irritation or breakouts when using products with this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is advisable to consult with a dermatologist if you have sensitive skin or a history of skin reactions to certain ingredients.

4. References:

- Ethylhexyl Palmitate. (n.d.). Cosmetics Info. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexyl-palmitate

- Guo, L., & Lai, W. (2012). Ethylhexyl Palmitate. In Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology (pp. 193-200). CRC Press.

- Ethylhexyl Palmitate. (n.d.). The Derm Review. https://thedermreview.com/ethylhexyl-palmitate/

1. Definition Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate:

Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier. It is derived from pentaerythritol and stearic acid, and it is known for its ability to soften and smooth the skin.

2. Use:

Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate is primarily used in skincare products such as moisturizers, creams, lotions, and lipsticks. It helps to improve the texture of the product, making it easier to spread on the skin and creating a smooth, silky feel. Additionally, it can also act as a stabilizer for emulsions, helping to prevent the separation of oil and water-based ingredients in formulations.

3. Usage Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate:

When using products containing Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the body. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation or allergic reactions occur, it is recommended to discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- "Safety Assessment of Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel

- "Emollient Esters in Personal Care" by Poucher's Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps, Volume 3

- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" by Marc Paye and Howard I. Maibach

1. Definition Polymethylsilsesquioxane:

Polymethylsilsesquioxane is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent. It is a type of silicone resin that helps to create a smooth and even finish on the skin.

2. Use:

Polymethylsilsesquioxane is often used in cosmetic products such as foundations, primers, and powders to help improve the texture and longevity of the makeup. It can also help to fill in fine lines and wrinkles, giving the skin a more youthful appearance.

3. Usage Polymethylsilsesquioxane:

When using products containing polymethylsilsesquioxane, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to avoid getting the product in the eyes or mouth, as it can cause irritation.

4. References:

- Chaudhry, Q., Scotter, M., Blackburn, J., Ross, B., Boxall, A., Castle, L., ... & Watkins, R. (2008). Applications and implications of nanotechnologies for the food sector. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 25(3), 241-258.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2010). Safety assessment of alkyl silicates as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 29(3), 61S-83S.

- Rieger, M. M., & Kockler, J. (2008). Silicones. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

1. Definition Dimethiconol:

Dimethiconol is a silicone-based polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and emollient. It is a derivative of dimethicone, which is a type of silicone oil.

2. Use:

Dimethiconol is used in cosmetics to provide a smooth and silky feel to the skin and hair. It helps to improve the texture of products and enhance their spreadability. Dimethiconol is often found in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products, as well as in skincare products like moisturizers, serums, and primers.

3. Usage Dimethiconol:

Dimethiconol is typically safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow the recommended guidelines for application. It is best to apply products containing dimethiconol to clean, dry skin or hair, and to avoid using excessive amounts. Some individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or breakouts from products containing dimethiconol, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a new product.

4. References:

- Lodeiro, M. (2016). Silicone-based polymers for hair care. In Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology (pp. 361-374). CRC Press.

- Tadros, T. (2018). Emulsion formation and stability. In Formulation Science and Technology (pp. 225-242). CRC Press.

- Lintner, K. (2007). Silicones in personal care. In Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology (pp. 465-478). CRC Press.

1. Definition C30 45 Alkyl Methicone:

C30-45 Alkyl Methicone is a silicone derivative that is commonly used in cosmetics as a conditioning agent and emollient. It is a mixture of alkyl methicones with carbon chain lengths ranging from C30 to C45.

2. Use:

C30-45 Alkyl Methicone is primarily used in skincare and haircare products due to its ability to provide a smooth, silky feel to the skin and hair. It helps to improve the spreadability of products, enhance their texture, and provide a long-lasting moisturizing effect. Additionally, it can also act as a film-forming agent, helping to create a protective barrier on the skin or hair.

3. Usage C30 45 Alkyl Methicone:

C30-45 Alkyl Methicone is typically found in a wide range of cosmetic products such as moisturizers, serums, hair conditioners, and styling products. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics, but it is recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for proper usage. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing C30-45 Alkyl Methicone to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- S. Nazzal, S. Smalyukh, M. Lavrentovich, and S. Steigerwald, "Self-Assembly of C30-C50 Alkyl Methicone Monolayers on Water," Langmuir, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 3959-3965, 2002.

- M. S. L. Oliveira, J. L. F. Freire, and M. A. A. Meirelles, "Solubility of C30-C50 Alkyl Methicones in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide," Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 1384-1391, 2009.

- C. Q. Zhang, H. Li, Y. L. Wang, and D. Q. Li, "Preparation and Properties of C30-C50 Alkyl Methicone Modified Silicone Oil," Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 806-813, 2019.

1. Definition Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline:

Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline is a synthetic compound derived from the amino acid proline. It is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-aging properties.

2. Use:

Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline is known for its ability to stimulate collagen production in the skin, helping to improve elasticity and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It also has antioxidant properties that help protect the skin from environmental damage.

3. Usage Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline:

Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline is typically found in anti-aging creams, serums, and lotions. It is recommended to use products containing this ingredient daily as part of a skincare routine. It is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to perform a patch test before applying to the entire face to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- S. Lupo, M. Cole, "Cosmeceutical peptides," Dermatologic Therapy, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 343-349, 2007.

- A. Marini, "Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline: A new era in skin rejuvenation," Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 281-285, 2005.

- M. Dupont, R. Jourdain, "Collagen peptides improve skin hydration, elasticity, and wrinkles," Journal of Medical Nutrition and Nutraceuticals, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 197-202, 2017.

1. Definition C30 45 Olefin:

C30-45 Olefin is a mixture of synthetic hydrocarbons primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and emollient.

2. Use:

C30-45 Olefin is used in cosmetics to provide moisturization and hydration to the skin. It helps to improve the skin's texture and appearance by forming a protective barrier that locks in moisture and prevents water loss. This ingredient is often found in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums.

3. Usage C30 45 Olefin:

When using products containing C30-45 Olefin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Apply the product to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. If irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- R. Schlossman, M. Alper, J. B. Hall, S. A. Lerner, and G. A. Lerner. (2002). Safety Assessment of C30-45 Olefin. Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel.

- M. S. Roberts, A. J. Cross, and I. S. Roberts. (2010). Percutaneous Absorption of C30-45 Olefin in Human Skin. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

- P. J. Frosch, J. D. Johansen, and I. R. White. (2015). Contact Dermatitis from C30-45 Olefin in Cosmetics. Dermatitis.

1. Definition Crithmum Maritimum Extract:

Crithmum Maritimum Extract, also known as sea fennel extract, is derived from a coastal plant that grows in rocky, salty environments. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Crithmum Maritimum Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-aging and skin-rejuvenating properties. It helps to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more youthful complexion. Additionally, this extract has anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Crithmum Maritimum Extract:

When using cosmetics containing Crithmum Maritimum Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, this extract is found in serums, creams, and masks, and can be applied to the skin after cleansing and toning. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this extract, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.

4. References:

- Dall'Acqua S, Cervellati R, Speroni E, Costa S, Guerra MC, Stella L. Complement system modulatory activity of Crithmum maritimum L. (Apiaceae) extract. Pharmacogn Mag. 2015;11(Suppl 1):S104-S110. doi:10.4103/0973-1296.157723

- Campanella L, Delfine S, Di Ferdinando M, et al. The role of Crithmum maritimum L. in the phytoremediation of salt-affected soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013;20(7):4979-4987. doi:10.1007/s11356-013-1603-2

- El Haci IM, El Midaoui A, El Kacimi K, et al. Antioxidant activity and protective effects of Crithmum maritimum L. essential oil against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic oxidative damage in rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;106:776-783. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.023

1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:

Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.

2. Use:

Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.

3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.

4. References:

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

1. Definition Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil:

Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil is a type of plant-derived oil that has been chemically processed to increase its stability and shelf life. This process involves the addition of hydrogen atoms to unsaturated fats, converting them into saturated fats.

2. Use:

Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent. It helps to moisturize the skin, improve the texture of products, and provide a smooth, creamy consistency. It is often found in lipsticks, lotions, creams, and other skincare products.

3. Usage Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil:

When using products containing Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to this ingredient. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or breakouts when using products with this oil. It is recommended to patch test products before applying them to larger areas of the skin to determine if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- "Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil in Cosmetics: What You Need to Know." Dermatology Times. [Insert link to article]

- "Safety Assessment of Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review. [Insert link to report]

- "The Role of Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil in Skincare Products." Journal of Cosmetic Science. [Insert link to journal article]

1. Definition Hexyl Laurate:

Hexyl Laurate is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.

2. Use:

Hexyl Laurate is primarily used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide a smooth, soft texture and improve the spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate and moisturize the skin, leaving it feeling soft and supple.

3. Usage Hexyl Laurate:

Hexyl Laurate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-10% in cosmetic formulations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but as with any ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before widespread use to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is recommended to store products containing Hexyl Laurate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and efficacy.

4. References:

- "Hexyl Laurate." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/hexyl-laurate/.

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Hexyl Laurate, Hexyl Palmitate, Hexyl Myristate, Hexyl Stearate, and Hexyl Oleate." International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 27, no. 3, 2008, pp. 1-19.

- "Hexyl Laurate." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hexyl-laurate.

1. Definition Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is a combination of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and glycerin. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.

2. Use:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is used in various cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and nourished.

3. Usage Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products with Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/capryliccapric-triglyceride.

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/.

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/capryliccapric-triglyceride.

1. Definition Sorbitan Trioleate:

Sorbitan Trioleate is a nonionic surfactant commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and stabilizer. It is derived from sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, and oleic acid, a fatty acid found in vegetable oils.

2. Use:

Sorbitan Trioleate is used in cosmetics to create stable emulsions by reducing the surface tension between oil and water phases. It helps to mix ingredients that are normally immiscible, such as oil and water, to form a uniform and consistent product. Additionally, it can improve the texture and feel of cosmetic formulations, making them smoother and easier to apply.

3. Usage Sorbitan Trioleate:

When using Sorbitan Trioleate in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer. Overuse of this ingredient can lead to formulation instability or affect the overall performance of the product. It is also advisable to conduct a patch test before using products containing Sorbitan Trioleate to check for any potential allergic reactions or skin sensitivities.

4. References:

- "Sorbitan Trioleate" in the Cosmetics Info website. Retrieved from: [insert link]

- "Safety Assessment of Sorbitan Esters as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Published in the International Journal of Toxicology. [insert link]

- "Formulating with Sorbitan Esters" by the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. [insert link]

1. Definition Polysorbate 20:

Polysorbate 20 is a type of nonionic surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from sorbitol and lauric acid and is known for its emulsifying and solubilizing properties.

2. Use:

Polysorbate 20 is primarily used as an emulsifier in cosmetics to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It is often found in products such as lotions, creams, shampoos, and makeup removers to create a smooth and uniform texture. Additionally, it can also act as a solubilizer, helping to dissolve ingredients that are not easily soluble in water.

3. Usage Polysorbate 20:

When using products containing polysorbate 20, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with polysorbate 20 to determine if any adverse reactions occur. Additionally, it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective use.

4. References:

- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Polysorbate 20. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polysorbate-20

- Personal Care Council. (2019). Polysorbate 20. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-dictionary/ingredient/2477

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2009). Polysorbate 20. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Polysorbate-20

1. Definition Trihydroxystearin:

Trihydroxystearin is a synthetic compound derived from stearic acid and glycerin. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and thickening agent.

2. Use:

Trihydroxystearin is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to create a smooth and creamy feel, making it easier to apply and spread on the skin. It also helps to lock in moisture, keeping the skin hydrated and soft.

3. Usage Trihydroxystearin:

Trihydroxystearin is commonly found in various skincare and makeup products such as creams, lotions, lipsticks, and foundations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.

4. References:

- Cosmeticsinfo.org. (n.d.). Trihydroxystearin. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/trihydroxystearin

- Personal Care Council. (2016). Trihydroxystearin. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/trihydroxystearin/

- The Dermatology Review. (n.d.). Trihydroxystearin. Retrieved from https://thedermreview.com/trihydroxystearin/

1. Definition Isoceteth 10:

Isoceteth 10 is a synthetic compound that belongs to the group of ceteth ethers, which are derived from cetyl alcohol. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and conditioning agent.

2. Use:

Isoceteth 10 is primarily used in skincare and haircare products to help stabilize emulsions, improve the texture of formulations, and enhance the spreadability of products. It also acts as a surfactant, helping to reduce the surface tension of liquids and improve the blending of different ingredients. Additionally, Isoceteth 10 is known for its conditioning properties, leaving the skin and hair feeling soft and smooth.

3. Usage Isoceteth 10:

Isoceteth 10 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow the recommended guidelines and precautions. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5% in formulations. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Isoceteth 10 to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes.

4. References:

- "Isoceteth-10." Cosmetics Info, cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/isoceteth-10.

- "Isoceteth-10." Truth in Aging, truthinaging.com/ingredients/isoceteth-10.

- "Isoceteth-10." The Derm Review, thedermreview.com/isoceteth-10.

1. Definition Silica:

Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a mineral often used in cosmetics for its absorbent and thickening properties. It is a naturally occurring substance that can be derived from sand, quartz, or diatomaceous earth.

2. Use:

Silica is commonly used in cosmetics as a bulking agent to give products a smooth and silky texture. It is also used as an absorbent to control oil and shine on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in face powders, foundations, and primers. Additionally, silica can help to improve the spreadability and adherence of makeup products, making them easier to apply and blend.

3. Usage Silica:

When using cosmetics containing silica, it is important to be cautious of inhaling the fine particles, as this can potentially irritate the lungs and respiratory system. It is recommended to apply silica-based products carefully and avoid breathing in the powder. Some individuals may also be sensitive to silica, experiencing skin irritation or allergic reactions, so it is advisable to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient extensively.

4. References:

- K. T. K. Lu, "Silica as a Cosmetic Ingredient," in Cosmetics & Toiletries, vol. 134, no. 9, pp. 40-47, 2019.

- S. M. R. Khan et al., "Silica in Cosmetics: A Review," in Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 185-197, 2017.

- M. A. S. Pereira et al., "Safety Assessment of Silica in Cosmetics," in International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 235-253, 2017.

1. Definition Fragrance:

Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.

2. Use:

Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.

3. Usage Fragrance:

When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.

4. References:

- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.

- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.

- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.

1. Definition Titanium Dioxide:

Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used as a pigment in cosmetics due to its ability to provide opacity and UV protection.

2. Use:

Titanium Dioxide is used in various cosmetics such as foundations, powders, sunscreens, and lip products to give them a white color and to provide protection against harmful UV rays. It is also used as a thickening agent in some formulations.

3. Usage Titanium Dioxide:

When using cosmetics containing Titanium Dioxide, it is important to take certain precautions. Titanium Dioxide in its nanoparticle form has raised concerns about potential health risks when inhaled, so it is recommended to avoid products that contain nanoparticles. Additionally, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Titanium Dioxide, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- Lademann, J., Weigmann, H. J., Rickmeyer, C., Barthelmes, H., Schaefer, H., & Mueller, G. (1999). Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 12(5), 247-256.

- Tinkle, S. S., Antonini, J. M., Rich, B. A., Roberts, J. R., Salmen, R., DePree, K., ... & Adkins, E. J. (2003). Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(9), 1202-1208.

- Sadrieh, N., Wokovich, A. M., Gopee, N. V., Zheng, J., Haines, D., Parmiter, D., ... & Howard, P. C. (2010). Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano-and submicron-size TiO2 particles. Toxicological Sciences, 115(1), 156-166.

1. Definition Mica:

Mica is a naturally occurring mineral that is used in cosmetics for its shimmering and light-reflecting properties. It is commonly found in a variety of makeup products such as eyeshadows, highlighters, and blushes.

2. Use:

Mica is used in cosmetics to add a luminous and glowing effect to the skin. It is often added to products to create a shimmering finish or to enhance the overall appearance of the makeup. Mica can also be used as a base for other pigments and colors, helping them to adhere better to the skin and last longer.

3. Usage Mica:

When using products containing mica, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the mineral. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using products that contain mica. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to determine if any adverse reactions occur. Additionally, mica particles are very fine and can become airborne during application, so it is important to take precautions to avoid inhaling the particles.

4. References:

- "Mica in Cosmetics" by FDA: https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredients/mica-cosmetics

- "The Truth About Mica" by Environmental Working Group: https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/701179-MICA/

- "Mica: The glittering dangers in your makeup bag" by The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2014/jul/24/mica-electronics-cosmetics-india-child-labour-minerals