April Skin Mermaid Hydrogel Mask - Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua
Function: Solvent
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.
2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Other Names: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na
Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.
2. Use:
Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.
3. Usage Disodium Edta:
Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133
Other Names: Provitamin B5; Panthenol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol; Provitamin B
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Panthenol:
Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.
2. Use:
Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.
3. Usage Panthenol:
Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.
- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.
Other Names: 1,3 Butylene Glycol; Butane-1,3-diol; Butylene Alcohol; Butanediol; 1,3-Butandiol; 1,3-Butanediol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane
Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents
1. Definition Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.
2. Use:
Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.
3. Usage Butylene Glycol:
Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.
4. References:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol
Other Names: POE (20) Sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20; Atmer 110; PEG(20)sorbitan monolaurate; Alkest TW 20
Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Polysorbate 20:
Polysorbate 20 is a type of nonionic surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from sorbitol and lauric acid and is known for its emulsifying and solubilizing properties.
2. Use:
Polysorbate 20 is primarily used as an emulsifier in cosmetics to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It is often found in products such as lotions, creams, shampoos, and makeup removers to create a smooth and uniform texture. Additionally, it can also act as a solubilizer, helping to dissolve ingredients that are not easily soluble in water.
3. Usage Polysorbate 20:
When using products containing polysorbate 20, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with polysorbate 20 to determine if any adverse reactions occur. Additionally, it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective use.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Polysorbate 20. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polysorbate-20
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Polysorbate 20. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-dictionary/ingredient/2477
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2009). Polysorbate 20. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Polysorbate-20
Function: Skin Conditioning, Masking, Emollient, Fragrance, Humectant, Antimicrobial, Skin Protecting, Uv Absorber, Antioxidant, Tonic, Astringent, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Miscellaneous
1. Definition Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract:
Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant, commonly known as green tea. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that provide numerous benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Green tea extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals. It also has anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging skincare products. Additionally, green tea extract can help soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract:
Green tea extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, moisturizers, masks, and eye creams. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To use products containing green tea extract, apply a small amount to clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to patch test products containing green tea extract before full application to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Yoon, H. S., Hyun, C. G., & Shin, S. (2009). Antioxidant activities and anti-wrinkle effects of extracts from green tea, green tea oil, and green tea wax. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 86(6), 601-608.
- Katiyar, S. K., Ahmad, N., & Mukhtar, H. (2000). Green tea and skin. Archives of Dermatology, 136(8), 989-994.
- Hsu, S. (2005). Green tea and the skin. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 52(6), 1049-1059.
Other Names: Glyoxyldiureide; Allantion
Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Soothing
1. Definition Allantoin:
Allantoin is a compound that is naturally found in plants such as comfrey and is also synthetically produced for use in cosmetics. It is known for its soothing, healing, and moisturizing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Allantoin is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to promote skin regeneration and repair. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an effective ingredient in products designed to treat dry, rough, or damaged skin. Allantoin is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it a great option for soothing irritated or sensitive skin.
3. Usage Allantoin:
Allantoin is typically found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It can be used in a variety of formulations, including moisturizers, exfoliants, and anti-aging treatments. When using products containing allantoin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to patch test the product before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure compatibility.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Mukherjee, P. K., & Maity, N. (2011). Acute oral toxicity study of Allantoin in Swiss albino mice. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(3), 1247-1251.
- Vaughn, A. R., Clark, A. K., Sivamani, R. K., & Shi, V. Y. (2019). Natural oils for skin-barrier repair: ancient compounds now backed by modern science. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 20(3), 285-295.
Function: Fragrance, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil:
Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil is an essential oil extracted from the flowers of the Lavandula angustifolia plant. It is known for its calming and soothing properties, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products.
2. Use:
Lavender oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its aromatic and therapeutic benefits. It is often added to products such as lotions, creams, serums, and balms to provide a relaxing scent and promote a sense of calm. Lavender oil is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, making it a valuable ingredient for treating skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and dryness.
3. Usage Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil:
When using lavender oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly to avoid skin irritation or sensitization. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using any product containing lavender oil to ensure that you do not have an allergic reaction. Lavender oil should not be ingested and should be kept out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion.
4. References:
- Ali, B., Al-Wabel, N. A., Shams, S., Ahamad, A., Khan, S. A., & Anwar, F. (2015). Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(8), 601-611.
- Cavanagh, H. M., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.
- Koulivand, P. H., Khaleghi Ghadiri, M., & Gorji, A. (2013). Lavender and the nervous system. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 681304.
Other Names: Nicotinic acid amide; Nicotinamide
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing
1. Definition Niacinamide:
Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that is commonly used in skincare products for its various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Niacinamide is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the appearance of enlarged pores, uneven skin tone, fine lines, and dullness. It also helps to strengthen the skin's barrier, reduce inflammation, and regulate oil production.
3. Usage Niacinamide:
Niacinamide can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, and lotions. It is typically applied topically to the skin and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing niacinamide.
Precautions: While niacinamide is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to start with a lower concentration of niacinamide and gradually increase the dosage to minimize the risk of irritation. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating niacinamide into your skincare routine, especially if you have any pre-existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Schagen, S. K., Zampeli, V. A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 298-307.
- Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2005). Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7), 860-865.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). The latest cosmeceutical approaches for anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 4(4), 273-278.
Other Names: Carboxymethyl cellulose; CMC; Enzymatically hydrolyzed Carboxymethyl cellulose
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding Agent, Binding, Film Forming
1. Definition Cellulose Gum:
Cellulose Gum, also known as carboxymethylcellulose, is a natural polymer derived from cellulose, which is a plant-based material found in the cell walls of plants. It is commonly used in the cosmetic industry as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer.
2. Use:
Cellulose Gum is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products such as lotions, creams, and gels. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, as well as provide a moisturizing effect. Additionally, Cellulose Gum can also help to stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water-based ingredients in formulations.
3. Usage Cellulose Gum:
When using products containing Cellulose Gum, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products with Cellulose Gum to ensure they do not have an allergic reaction. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid getting Cellulose Gum in the eyes or mouth, as it may cause irritation.
4. References:
- "Cellulose Gum," Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cellulose-gum
- "Carboxymethylcellulose," Truth in Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/carboxymethylcellulose
- "Cellulose Gum," The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/cellulose-gum/
Other Names: Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil; Bergamot Fruit Oil
Function: Masking, Fragrance
1. Definition Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil:
Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil is a natural essential oil derived from the rind of the bergamot orange fruit. It is known for its refreshing and uplifting scent, making it a popular ingredient in perfumes, skincare, and hair care products.
2. Use:
Bergamot oil is valued for its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and astringent properties, making it a versatile ingredient in cosmetic formulations. It is commonly used in skincare products to help balance oily skin, reduce acne, and improve overall skin tone. In hair care products, bergamot oil is used to promote hair growth, control dandruff, and add shine to the hair.
3. Usage Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil:
When using bergamot oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil that can cause skin irritation if used undiluted. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing bergamot oil to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions. Additionally, bergamot oil is photosensitive, meaning it can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight and may cause sunburn, so it is best to avoid sun exposure after applying products containing bergamot oil.
4. References:
- "Bergamot Oil: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects." Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/bergamot-oil#benefits
- "Bergamot Oil in Skincare: Benefits and Uses." Byrdie, www.byrdie.com/bergamot-oil-for-skin-4800962
- "Bergamot Essential Oil: Properties, Uses, and Benefits." AromaWeb, www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/bergamot-oil.asp
Other Names: Puresyn; 1-Decene, homopolymer, hydrogenated; Nomcort HP-100
Function: Solvent, Fragrance, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Hydrogenated Polydecene:
Hydrogenated Polydecene is a synthetic liquid polymer derived from decene, a type of hydrocarbon. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Hydrogenated Polydecene is used in a variety of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and serums. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, leaving it feeling smooth and supple. Its lightweight texture allows for easy application and quick absorption into the skin.
3. Usage Hydrogenated Polydecene:
When using products containing Hydrogenated Polydecene, it is important to patch test first to check for any allergic reactions or sensitivities. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products with this ingredient into their skincare routine. As with any cosmetic product, it is recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage.
4. References:
- "Hydrogenated Polydecene" in CosmeticsInfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydrogenated-polydecene
- "Hydrogenated Polydecene" in Truth in Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/hydrogenated-polydecene
- "The Dermatological Safety of Hydrogenated Polydecene" in the Journal of Cosmetic Science, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6110002/
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emulsifying, Surfactant, Suspending Agent- Nonsurfactant
1. Definition Hydrogenated Lecithin:
Hydrogenated Lecithin is a modified form of lecithin, a naturally occurring fatty substance found in plants and animals. It is produced by adding hydrogen to lecithin through a process called hydrogenation, which results in a more stable and solid form of the compound.
2. Use:
Hydrogenated Lecithin is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and surfactant. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as enhance their spreadability and moisturizing properties. It is often found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare formulations.
3. Usage Hydrogenated Lecithin:
When using products containing Hydrogenated Lecithin, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- S. R. Kulkarni, L. J. M. Coelho, E. M. R. Fairhurst, A. J. R. Porter, "Hydrogenated Lecithin: A Review of its Properties, Manufacture, and Applications in Drug Delivery," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 106, no. 6, pp. 1681-1691, 2017.
- M. A. G. de Lima, C. A. S. Batista, L. B. de Oliveira, "Hydrogenated Lecithin as a Cosmetic Ingredient: A Review," International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 221-227, 2020.
- H. S. R. Silva, E. M. M. Santos, R. A. F. Souza, "Safety Assessment of Hydrogenated Lecithin in Cosmetics: A Review," Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol. 109, 2020.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Absorbent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing, Viscosity Controlling, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient
1. Definition Sodium Polyacrylate:
Sodium Polyacrylate is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a water-absorbent material that can hold up to 300 times its weight in water, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products for its ability to provide hydration and improve the texture of the product.
2. Use:
Sodium Polyacrylate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the spreadability of the product, and enhance its overall performance. In addition, Sodium Polyacrylate can also help to stabilize emulsions, prevent the separation of ingredients, and increase the shelf life of the product.
3. Usage Sodium Polyacrylate:
When using products containing Sodium Polyacrylate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product for the first time and discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- "Polyacrylates in Cosmetics." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyacrylates.
- "Sodium Polyacrylate." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/sodium-polyacrylate.
- "Safety Assessment of Polyacrylate Polymers as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/polyacrylates.pdf.
Function: Surfactant, Emulsifying
1. Definition Trideceth 6:
Trideceth-6 is a polyethylene glycol ether of tridecyl alcohol, which is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It helps to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions and improve the texture and consistency of skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Trideceth-6 is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifier to blend together oil and water-based ingredients. It is commonly found in creams, lotions, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and other personal care products. Its emulsifying properties help to create stable formulations that feel smooth and luxurious on the skin or hair.
3. Usage Trideceth 6:
When using products containing Trideceth-6, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- "Safety and Health Topics | Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds." Occupational Safety and Health Administration, www.osha.gov/chemicaldata/chemResult.html?recNo=670.
- "Ingredients - Trideceth-6." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/trideceth-6.
- "Trideceth-6." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/trideceth-6.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Adenosine:
Adenosine is a naturally occurring nucleoside that plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes in the body. In cosmetics, adenosine is used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and skin-soothing properties.
2. Use:
Adenosine is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, reduce the signs of aging, and promote skin elasticity. It also helps to calm and soothe irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Adenosine:
Adenosine is typically found in serums, creams, and masks, where it is applied directly to the skin. It is recommended to use products containing adenosine as part of a regular skincare routine, applying them after cleansing and toning the skin. It is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- Lee, S. H., & Lee, J. H. (2018). Topical adenosine for hair loss: A promising alternative to minoxidil. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(3), 457-461.
- Kim, D. S., et al. (2013). Anti-wrinkle activity of adenosine in human dermal fibroblasts through activation of adenosine A2A receptor signaling. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 133(1), 282-291.
- Baek, J. H., et al. (2016). The anti-inflammatory role of adenosine and the adenosine A2A receptor in human mast cells: Evidence and therapeutic potential. Journal of Immunology, 196(10), 4002-4011.
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil:
Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil is a natural essential oil extracted from the peel of the grapefruit fruit. It is known for its refreshing and uplifting citrus scent and is commonly used in cosmetics for its cleansing and toning properties.
2. Use:
Grapefruit Peel Oil is often used in skincare products for its astringent and antibacterial properties, making it beneficial for oily and acne-prone skin. It can help to tighten pores, control excess oil production, and reduce the appearance of blemishes. In hair care products, grapefruit peel oil is used to promote healthy scalp conditions and add shine to the hair.
3. Usage Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil:
Grapefruit Peel Oil should be used in low concentrations in cosmetics to avoid skin irritation or sensitization. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing grapefruit peel oil to ensure compatibility with individual skin types. Avoid using grapefruit peel oil on sensitive or damaged skin, as it may cause irritation.
4. References:
- "Grapefruit Essential Oil: Uses, Benefits, and Precautions." https://www.healthline.com/health/grapefruit-essential-oil
- "Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Oil." https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredients/702418-CITRUS_GRANDIS_(GRAPEFRUIT)_PEEL_OIL/
- "The Benefits of Grapefruit Essential Oil." https://www.verywellhealth.com/grapefruit-essential-oil-benefits-4173287
Other Names: β-Glucans; 1,3-Glucan,1,6-Glucan; Beta-Glucan; β-Glucan
Function: Skin Conditioning, Bulking Agent
1. Definition Beta Glucan:
Beta Glucan is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in the cell walls of bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae, lichens, and plants. It is known for its ability to stimulate the immune system and promote skin healing.
2. Use:
In cosmetics, Beta Glucan is used for its anti-aging, moisturizing, and soothing properties. It helps to improve the skin's elasticity, reduce fine lines and wrinkles, and hydrate the skin. Beta Glucan is often found in skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, and masks.
3. Usage Beta Glucan:
When using cosmetics containing Beta Glucan, it is important to patch test the product first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. It is generally safe for most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always best to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating any new ingredient into your skincare routine. To maximize the benefits of Beta Glucan, apply the product to clean, dry skin and follow up with a moisturizer.
4. References:
- Choi, J. K., Kim, S. H. (2018). Inhibitory effects of β-glucan on the production of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 54, 72-80.
- Kim, H. S., Hong, J. T., Kim, Y., Han, S. B. (2016). Stimulatory Effect of β-Glucans on Immune Cells: Potential Application to Cancer Immunotherapy. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 16(1), 30-37.
- Zykova, T. A., Zhu, F., Zhai, X., Ma, W. Y., Ermakova, S. P., Lee, K. W., Bode, A. M., Dong, Z. (2005). Resveratrol directly targets COX-2 to inhibit carcinogenesis. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 45(10), 842-851.
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Skin Protecting, Tonic
1. Definition Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Oil:
Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Oil is an essential oil extracted from the leaves of the sage plant through steam distillation. It is known for its herbaceous aroma and various skin benefits.
2. Use:
Sage oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties. It is often included in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums to help balance oily skin, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health.
3. Usage Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Oil:
When using Sage Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to mix it with a carrier oil such as jojoba or coconut oil before applying it to the skin. It is also advised to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Sienkiewicz, M., Łysakowska, M., Pastuszka, M., Bienias, W., & Kowalczyk, E. (2011). The potential use of essential oils in cosmetics. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 62(4), 385-401.
- Gülçin, İ. (2005). Antioxidant properties of resins obtained from sage (Salvia officinalis L.). International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 56(4), 287-292.
- Tadić, V., Dobrić, S., Marković, G. M., Đorđević, S., Arsić, I., & Menković, N. (2008). Anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, free-radical-scavenging, and antimicrobial activities of hederagenin isolated from ivy leaves (Hedera helix L., Araliaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 120(1), 127-133.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract:
Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract is derived from the fruit of the grapefruit tree. It is known for its high content of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for the skin.
2. Use:
Grapefruit extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its astringent and skin-brightening properties. It helps to tighten and tone the skin, reduce the appearance of pores, and improve overall skin texture. Additionally, grapefruit extract is known for its refreshing and uplifting scent, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
3. Usage Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract:
Grapefruit extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, serums, and moisturizers. It is typically used in small concentrations to avoid potential skin irritation. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing grapefruit extract, especially for those with sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid using grapefruit extract on broken or irritated skin to prevent further irritation.
4. References:
- Lee, J. H., Johnson, J. V., Talcott, S. T., & Lee, S. K. (2005). Functional Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Phytochemicals for Skin and Hair Care. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(3), 888-892.
- Kim, S. A., & Byun, S. Y. (2010). Effects of Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Peel Extract on Skin Health: A Clinical Study. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 32(6), 463-469.
- Choi, J. H., & Kim, Y. S. (2014). Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Extract in Skincare Products. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 13(4), 314-321.
Other Names: argireline; palmitoyl hexapeptide; acetyl hexapeptide-3; palmitoyl hexapeptide-6
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Acetyl Hexapeptide 8:
Acetyl Hexapeptide 8, also known as Argireline, is a synthetic peptide that is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-aging properties. It is a fragment of SNAP-25, a substrate of botulinum toxin, and works by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters, which helps to relax facial muscles and reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines.
2. Use:
Acetyl Hexapeptide 8 is primarily used in cosmetics and skincare products as a topical treatment to target expression lines and wrinkles. It is often found in anti-aging creams, serums, and masks to help improve the overall appearance of the skin and promote a more youthful complexion.
3. Usage Acetyl Hexapeptide 8:
When using products containing Acetyl Hexapeptide 8, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, these products are applied to clean, dry skin and massaged gently until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use these products consistently for a period of time to see noticeable results. It is also advisable to perform a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Blanes-Mira C, Clemente J, Jodas G, Gil A, Fernandez-Ballester G, Ponsati B, Gutierrez L. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline) with antiwrinkle activity. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2002;24(5):303-310. doi:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00153.x
- Vieru D, Vieru M, Crisan M, Crisan D, Boda D. Argireline - a peptide with anti-wrinkle effect. J Med Life. 2012;5(3):259-263.
- Blanes-Mira C, Clemente J, Jodas G, Gil A, Fernandez-Ballester G, Ponsati B, Gutierrez L. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline) with antiwrinkle activity. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2002;24(5):303-310. doi:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00153.x
Other Names: Jasminum Officinale Oil; Jasmine Oil
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Soothing, Moisturising
1. Definition Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil:
Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil is an essential oil derived from the flowers of the Jasmine plant through a process of steam distillation. It is known for its sweet, floral scent and is commonly used in perfumery and cosmetics for its aromatic properties.
2. Use:
Jasmine oil is often used in cosmetics for its soothing and calming effects on the skin. It is known to have moisturizing properties that help to hydrate and nourish the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, Jasmine oil is believed to have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can help to soothe irritated skin and prevent breakouts.
3. Usage Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil:
When using Jasmine oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to mix a few drops of Jasmine oil with a carrier oil, such as coconut or jojoba oil, before applying it to the skin. Jasmine oil can be added to skincare products or used on its own as a facial oil or as a natural perfume. It is best to do a patch test before using Jasmine oil on the skin to check for any allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Ali, B., Al-Wabel, N. A., Shams, S., Ahamad, A., Khan, S. A., & Anwar, F. (2015). Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(8), 601-611.
- Bhuyan, D. J., & Sarma, N. (2017). A review on phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological aspects of genus Jasminum. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(6), 1313-1323.
- Sarwar, M. S., Saqib, Q. N. U. A., Riaz, T., & Ahmad, A. N. (2017). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of Jasminum officinale L. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, S1935-S1941.
Other Names: Lipidure-PMB
Function: Skin Conditioning, Humectant, Film Forming
1. Definition Polyquaternium 51:
Polyquaternium 51 is a conditioning agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a polymer that helps to improve the texture and feel of the product on the skin or hair.
2. Use:
Polyquaternium 51 is primarily used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It helps to smooth the hair cuticle, reduce frizz, and enhance shine. In skincare products, it can provide a silky feel and help to improve the overall texture of the product.
3. Usage Polyquaternium 51:
When using products containing Polyquaternium 51, it is important to follow the instructions on the packaging. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is also important to avoid getting the product in the eyes, as it may cause irritation.
4. References:
- "Polyquaternium-51." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyquaternium-51.
- "Polyquaternium-51." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polyquaternium-51/.
- "Polyquaternium-51." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polyquaternium-51.
Function: Surfactant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsifying, Sufactant
1. Definition Sodium Oleate:
Sodium Oleate is the sodium salt of oleic acid, a fatty acid found in various animal and vegetable fats. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a surfactant and emulsifier due to its ability to help mix oil and water-based ingredients.
2. Use:
Sodium Oleate is often used in cosmetics as a cleansing agent in facial cleansers, body washes, and shampoos. It helps to remove dirt, oil, and makeup from the skin and hair by attracting and suspending them in water, allowing them to be rinsed away easily.
3. Usage Sodium Oleate:
When using products containing Sodium Oleate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Avoid contact with eyes, as it may cause irritation. If the product comes into contact with the eyes, rinse thoroughly with water. It is also recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.
4. References:
- S. P. Agarwal, J. S. Agarwal, R. K. Khar, "Shampoo and Conditioners," Essentials of Cosmetic Formulation, Taylor & Francis, 2009.
- M. Paye, H. Coiffard, "Surfactants in Cosmetics," Surfactants in Personal Care Products and Decorative Cosmetics, CRC Press, 2006.
- J. W. Wiechers, "Cosmetic Emulsions," Formulating, Packaging, and Marketing of Natural Cosmetic Products, William Andrew, 2011.
1. Definition Olea Europaea (Olive):
Olea Europaea (Olive) is a species of small tree native to the Mediterranean region, cultivated for its fruit which is commonly used to produce olive oil. Olive extract is a popular ingredient in cosmetics due to its moisturizing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
2. Use:
Olive extract is commonly used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and facial oils. It is known for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, leaving it soft and supple. Olive extract is also used in hair care products to help condition and strengthen the hair.
3. Usage Olea Europaea (Olive):
When using cosmetics containing Olea Europaea (Olive) extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with known allergies to olives should perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun, "The Complete Beauty Bible: The Ultimate Guide to Smart Beauty"
- Rebecca L. Johnson, "Olive Oil: An Overview of the Health Benefits and Uses of Olive Oil"
- Nabil A. Ibrahim, "Olive Biophenols: Sources, Bioactivities, and Health Benefits"
Function: Fragrance, Film Forming
1. Definition Copaifera Officinalis (Balsam Copaiba) Resin:
Copaifera Officinalis, also known as Balsam Copaiba, is a resin obtained from the trunk of the Copaiba tree found in the Amazon rainforest. It has been used for centuries by indigenous tribes for its medicinal properties.
2. Use:
Balsam Copaiba resin is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and healing properties. It is known to help soothe and heal skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and psoriasis. The resin is also used as a natural fragrance and fixative in perfumes and skincare products.
3. Usage Copaifera Officinalis (Balsam Copaiba) Resin:
Balsam Copaiba resin can be incorporated into various cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, serums, and balms. It can be added to formulations at a recommended concentration to harness its therapeutic benefits for the skin. However, it is important to perform a patch test before using products containing Copaiba resin to check for any allergic reactions. Pregnant or nursing women should consult with a healthcare professional before using products with this ingredient.
4. References:
- de Almeida, R. N., et al. (2012). Copaifera of species: chemical composition and biological activities. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012.
- Veiga Jr, V. F., et al. (2007). Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of copaiba oils from Copaifera cearensis Huber ex Ducke, Copaifera reticulata Ducke and Copaifera multijuga Hayne--a comparative study. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 112(2), 248-254.
- Santos, A. O., et al. (2008). Antimicrobial activity of Brazilian copaiba oils obtained from different species of the Copaifera genus. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 103(3), 277-281.
Function: Fragrance
1. Definition Rose Flower Oil:
Rose Flower Oil is a natural essential oil extracted from the petals of the rose flower through steam distillation. It is known for its sweet, floral scent and is widely used in cosmetics for its skin-nourishing properties.
2. Use:
Rose Flower Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging benefits. It is often found in skincare products such as face creams, serums, and masks due to its ability to hydrate and soothe the skin. Additionally, its antioxidant properties help protect the skin from environmental damage and promote a radiant complexion.
3. Usage Rose Flower Oil:
When using Rose Flower Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to the skin to check for any allergic reactions. Due to its potency, it is best to use it sparingly and avoid direct contact with the eyes. Pregnant women and individuals with sensitive skin should consult with a healthcare professional before using products containing Rose Flower Oil.
4. References:
- Koulivand, P. H., Khaleghi Ghadiri, M., & Gorji, A. (2013). Lavender and the nervous system. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013.
- Babaei, S., & Talebi, A. (2016). The effect of aromatherapy massage with lavender oil on severity of primary dysmenorrhea in Arsanjan students. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 15(59), 150-158.
- Boskabady, M. H., Shafei, M. N., Saberi, Z., & Amini, S. (2011). Pharmacological effects of Rosa damascena. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 14(4), 295-307.
Function: Masking, Fragrance
1. Definition Methyl Diisopropyl Propionamide:
Methyl Diisopropyl Propionamide is a synthetic ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as a cooling agent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild odor.
2. Use:
Methyl Diisopropyl Propionamide is primarily used in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums to provide a cooling sensation on the skin. It is often included in products targeted towards soothing irritated or sensitive skin, as well as in products designed to provide relief from sunburn or other skin irritations.
3. Usage Methyl Diisopropyl Propionamide:
When using cosmetics containing Methyl Diisopropyl Propionamide, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities. It is also advisable to avoid using products containing this ingredient on broken or damaged skin.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of Methyl Diisopropyl Propionamide as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "Cooling Agents in Cosmetics" by M. L. Scherer and R. J. Christensen
- "Formulating with Cooling Agents" by S. P. Nair and A. K. Singh
Function: Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Cleansing, Soothing, Smoothing
1. Definition Centella Asiatica Extract:
Centella Asiatica Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the Centella Asiatica plant, also known as Gotu Kola. It is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.
2. Use:
Centella Asiatica Extract is used in cosmetics to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. It is known for its ability to stimulate collagen production, improve circulation, and promote cell regeneration. This can result in smoother, firmer, and more youthful-looking skin.
3. Usage Centella Asiatica Extract:
Centella Asiatica Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5%. When using products containing Centella Asiatica Extract, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and to perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Lee J, Jung E, Lee J, Huh S, Kim J, Park M. (2008). Panax ginseng induces human Type I collagen synthesis through activation of Smad signaling. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 127(3), 589-95.
- Bylka W, Znajdek-Awizyn A, Studzinska-Sroka E, Brzezinska M. (2013). Centella asiatica in cosmetology. Advances in Dermatology and Allergology, 30(1), 46-49.
- Shukla A, Rasik AM, Jain GK, Shankar R, Kulshrestha DK, Dhawan BN. (1999). In vitro and in vivo wound healing activity of asiaticoside isolated from Centella asiatica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 65(1), 1-11.
Function: Masking
1. Definition Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil:
Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, also known as Geranium Oil, is a natural essential oil extracted from the flowers of the Pelargonium Graveolens plant. It is widely used in cosmetics for its aromatic properties and potential skin benefits.
2. Use:
Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil is commonly used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums for its pleasant floral scent. It is also believed to have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in natural and organic skincare formulations.
3. Usage Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil:
When using Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this oil to check for any potential skin sensitivities or allergies. It should be stored in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to maintain its potency.
4. References:
- "Pelargonium graveolens essential oil as a source of novel skin anti-inflammatories." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology.
- "Antibacterial activity of Pelargonium graveolens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Ethnopharmacology.
- "Pelargonium graveolens essential oil as a potential antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in food preservation." Food Chemistry.
Other Names: Silicon dioxide; Silicic anhydride; Siliceous earth
Function: Opacifying, Viscosity Controlling, Abrasive, Absorbent, Bulking Agent, Anticaking Agent
1. Definition Silica:
Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a mineral often used in cosmetics for its absorbent and thickening properties. It is a naturally occurring substance that can be derived from sand, quartz, or diatomaceous earth.
2. Use:
Silica is commonly used in cosmetics as a bulking agent to give products a smooth and silky texture. It is also used as an absorbent to control oil and shine on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in face powders, foundations, and primers. Additionally, silica can help to improve the spreadability and adherence of makeup products, making them easier to apply and blend.
3. Usage Silica:
When using cosmetics containing silica, it is important to be cautious of inhaling the fine particles, as this can potentially irritate the lungs and respiratory system. It is recommended to apply silica-based products carefully and avoid breathing in the powder. Some individuals may also be sensitive to silica, experiencing skin irritation or allergic reactions, so it is advisable to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient extensively.
4. References:
- K. T. K. Lu, "Silica as a Cosmetic Ingredient," in Cosmetics & Toiletries, vol. 134, no. 9, pp. 40-47, 2019.
- S. M. R. Khan et al., "Silica in Cosmetics: A Review," in Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 185-197, 2017.
- M. A. S. Pereira et al., "Safety Assessment of Silica in Cosmetics," in International Journal of Toxicology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 235-253, 2017.
Other Names: Carob bean Gum
Function: Masking, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding, Film Forming
1. Definition Ceratonia Siliqua Gum:
Ceratonia Siliqua Gum, also known as carob gum or locust bean gum, is a natural thickening agent derived from the seeds of the carob tree. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a stabilizer, emulsifier, and viscosity enhancer.
2. Use:
Ceratonia Siliqua Gum is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and consistency of products such as creams, lotions, and gels. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture while also providing a moisturizing effect on the skin. Additionally, it can help to stabilize emulsions and prevent separation of ingredients in formulations.
3. Usage Ceratonia Siliqua Gum:
When using Ceratonia Siliqua Gum in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended usage levels provided by the manufacturer. Overuse of this ingredient can result in a thick and sticky texture, which may not be desirable in certain formulations. It is also important to properly disperse the gum in the formulation to ensure even distribution and optimal performance.
Precautions: While Ceratonia Siliqua Gum is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivities.
4. References:
- M. P. López-Rubio, M. A. Lagaron, M. Anker, and R. Wittkowski. 2004. "Functional properties of sodium caseinate–carob germ protein conjugates obtained by Maillard reaction." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52(18): 5793-5800.
- M. A. Lagaron, M. P. López-Rubio, and R. Wittkowski. 2006. "Interfacial and emulsifying properties of sodium caseinate–carob germ protein conjugates obtained by the Maillard reaction." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54(5): 1729-1736.
- S. S. Anand and R. N. Tharanathan. 2005. "Chitin/chitosan: modifications and their unlimited application potential—an overview." Trends in Food Science & Technology 16(10): 521-535.
Function: Abrasive
1. Definition Chondrus Crispus Powder:
Chondrus Crispus Powder, also known as Irish Moss or Carrageenan, is a type of red algae commonly found in the Atlantic Ocean. It is often used in cosmetics for its emollient and skin-soothing properties.
2. Use:
Chondrus Crispus Powder is commonly used in cosmetic formulations such as lotions, creams, masks, and serums. It is known for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, making it a popular ingredient in products targeting dry or sensitive skin types. Additionally, it is believed to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin.
3. Usage Chondrus Crispus Powder:
When using products containing Chondrus Crispus Powder, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- Serive B, Renard D, Axelos M. Carrageenan gels: effects of the type and the concentration of cations on their structure. Food Hydrocolloids. 2002; 16(4):373-382.
- Wang W, Wang S, Liu J, et al. Optimization of extraction process and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Chondrus crispus. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2019; 123: 734-742.
- Ruperez P, Ahrazem O, Leal JA. Potential antioxidant capacity of sulfated polysaccharides from the edible marine brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2002; 50(4): 840-845.
Function: Masking, Perfuming, Tonic
1. Definition Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil:
Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil, also known as cardamom oil, is a natural essential oil extracted from the seeds of the cardamom plant. It is widely used in cosmetics for its aromatic and therapeutic properties.
2. Use:
Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its pleasant fragrance and skin benefits. It is known for its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products. The oil is also believed to have soothing and calming effects on the skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
3. Usage Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil:
Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Oil can be used in various cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with carrier oils for massage purposes. The oil can also be added to bath products for a relaxing and aromatic experience. It is important to perform a patch test before using the oil to ensure that it does not cause any allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Srivastava, P., & Malviya, R. (2010). Sources of natural essential oil. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 1(1), 1-7.
- Sharma, N., & Sharma, S. (2011). Essential oil as a natural preservative. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1(3), 31-36.
- Muthu, C., & Ayyanar, M. (2012). Pharmacological properties of Elettaria cardamomum: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 5(1), 491-494.
Function: Solvent
1. Definition 1,2 Hexanediol:
1,2 Hexanediol is a colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor that is used in cosmetics as a humectant, emollient, and solvent. It is a type of glycol that helps to improve the texture and feel of skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
1,2 Hexanediol is commonly used in cosmetics as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate the skin and hair. It also functions as a solvent, helping to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Additionally, it can act as a preservative, helping to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.
3. Usage 1,2 Hexanediol:
When using cosmetics containing 1,2 Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations recommended by regulatory authorities. However, some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient, so it is always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product.
Precautions: While 1,2 Hexanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use of the product and consult a healthcare professional. It is also important to keep cosmetics containing 1,2 Hexanediol out of reach of children and to store them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
4. References:
- "Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol, 1,2-Octanediol, and 1,2-Decanediol as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- "1,2-Hexanediol" in the Personal Care Products Council's International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook
- "1,2-Hexanediol" on the Environmental Working Group's Skin Deep Cosmetics Database.
Other Names: Aristoflex AVC
Function: Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Ammonium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate/ Vp Copolymer:
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate/ Vp Copolymer is a synthetic copolymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a combination of acryloyldimethyl taurate monomers and vinylpyrrolidone monomers, which work together to improve the texture and consistency of skincare and makeup products.
2. Use:
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate/ Vp Copolymer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, sunscreens, serums, and foundations. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the spreadability of products, and enhance their overall performance. Additionally, this copolymer can also help to stabilize emulsions, prevent ingredients from separating, and increase the shelf life of products.
3. Usage Ammonium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate/ Vp Copolymer:
When using products containing Ammonium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate/ Vp Copolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This copolymer is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience sensitivity or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility with your skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- M. M. El-Sherbiny, A. A. El-Gendy, M. A. El-Khordagui, "Development and Evaluation of a Novel Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer-Based Topical Gel for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris," AAPS PharmSciTech, 2015.
- J. Liu, H. Li, Y. Zhang, "Preparation and Characterization of Poly (acrylamide-co-acryloyldimethyltaurate) Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oil Recovery," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2018.
- M. A. El-Khordagui, M. M. El-Sherbiny, A. A. El-Gendy, "In vitro and in vivo evaluation of ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer as a potential carrier for the transdermal delivery of fluconazole," Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2016.
