Dr. Sheth's Oat And Ceramide Sensitive Skin Sunscreen - Ingredient Explanation
Other Names: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua
Function: Solvent
1. Definition Water:
Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.
2. Use:
Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Water:
When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.
- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.
- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.
Other Names: C12-C15 alkyl benzoate; Alkyl (C12-C15) benzoate; Dodecyl benzoate
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antimicrobial
1. Definition C12 15 Alkyl Benzoate:
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is an ester derived from benzoic acid and a mixture of alcohols with carbon chain lengths ranging from 12 to 15. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, skin conditioning agent, and solvent.
2. Use:
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is utilized in various cosmetic formulations such as sunscreens, moisturizers, and makeup products. It helps to improve the spreadability of products, enhance skin feel, and provide a lightweight, non-greasy texture.
3. Usage C12 15 Alkyl Benzoate:
When using products containing C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines and apply as directed on the product packaging. It is generally considered safe for topical application, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before widespread use to ensure compatibility.
Precautions: While C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional. It is recommended to avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.
4. References:
- "C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate" in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 14th Edition.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2003). Final report on the safety assessment of C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate.
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). CIR Expert Panel Reaffirms Safety of C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate in Cosmetics.
Other Names: Uvinul A Plus
Function: Uv Absorber, Uv Filter
1. Definition Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate:
Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, also known as DHHB, is a chemical compound commonly used in cosmetics as a broad-spectrum UV filter. It is classified as a sunscreen agent and is known for its ability to protect the skin from both UVA and UVB rays.
2. Use:
Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate is primarily used in sunscreen products to provide protection against harmful UV radiation. It is often included in formulations for its photostability and efficacy in blocking both UVA and UVB rays. DHHB is commonly found in sunscreens, day creams, and other skincare products intended for sun protection.
3. Usage Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate:
When using products containing Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Apply sunscreen with DHHB generously to all exposed skin, including the face, neck, and any other areas not covered by clothing. Reapply sunscreen every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is also recommended to use other sun protection measures such as wearing protective clothing and seeking shade during peak sun hours.
4. References:
- Kockler J, Oelgemöller M, Robertson S, Glass BD. Photostability of sunscreens. J Photochem Photobiol C Photochem Rev. 2012;13(1):91-110. doi:10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2011.11.003
- Matta MK, Florian J, Zusterzeel R, et al. Effect of sunscreen application on plasma concentration of sunscreen active ingredients: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2020;323(3):256-267. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20747
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Sunscreen Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use. Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, Volume 5. Revised as of April 1, 2020. Accessed June 10, 2021. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=352
Other Names: Uvinul T 150; Octyl Triazone; 2,4,6‐trianilino‐p‐(carbo‐2‐ethylhexyl‐1‐oxi)‐1,3,5‐triazine
Function: Uv Absorber, Uv Filter
1. Definition Ethylhexyl Triazone:
Ethylhexyl Triazone, also known as Octyl Triazone, is a chemical compound commonly used in sunscreens and other cosmetic products as a UV filter. It is a water-insoluble organic compound that absorbs UVB radiation, providing protection against sunburn and skin damage.
2. Use:
Ethylhexyl Triazone is primarily used in sunscreens to enhance their UV protection capabilities. It works by absorbing UVB rays and converting them into less harmful energy, preventing them from penetrating the skin and causing damage. This ingredient is often combined with other UV filters, such as avobenzone or octocrylene, to provide broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB radiation.
3. Usage Ethylhexyl Triazone:
When using products containing Ethylhexyl Triazone, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. Apply the sunscreen generously and evenly to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before sun exposure. Reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is also recommended to use other sun protection measures, such as wearing protective clothing and seeking shade during peak sun hours.
4. References:
- Kockler J, Oelgemöller M, Robertson S, Glass BD. Photostability of sunscreens. J Photochem Photobiol C Photochem Rev. 2012;13(1):91-110. doi:10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2012.01.001
- Sarveiya V, Risk S, Benson HAE. Liquid chromatographic assay for common sunscreen agents: application to in vivo assessment of skin penetration and systemic absorption in human volunteers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004;803(2):225-231. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.11.032
- Moyal D. Fourcroy P. Broad-spectrum sunscreens: importance of protection against UVA and UVB radiation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(5 Suppl 2):S139-S148. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.04.031
Other Names: 1,3-Propylene Glycol; 1,3-Dihydroxypropane; 1,3-Propanediol; Zemea Propanediol
Function: Solvent, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling
1. Definition Propanediol:
Propanediol is a colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used in cosmetics as a humectant, solvent, and emollient. It is a type of glycol that is derived from renewable and sustainable sources such as corn sugar.
2. Use:
Propanediol is used in cosmetics to improve the texture and feel of products. It helps to hydrate the skin by attracting and retaining moisture, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, serums, and lotions. Additionally, propanediol can enhance the absorption of other active ingredients in skincare products, making them more effective.
3. Usage Propanediol:
Propanediol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is important to follow recommended guidelines and precautions. It is recommended to patch test products containing propanediol before applying them to larger areas of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure optimal results and minimize the risk of irritation.
4. References:
- Zhang, X., Qian, H., & Tang, S. (2018). Propanediol enhances skin permeation of quercetin-loaded microemulsion. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 44(6), 1010-1016.
- Rigo, L. A., da Silva, D. F., & Sayer, C. (2019). Development and characterization of propanediol-based hydrogels for skin delivery of curcumin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 132, 73-81.
- Huang, D., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2017). Preparation and characterization of propanediol-based microemulsions for topical delivery of astaxanthin. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 38(9), 1317-1323.
Other Names: BisEthylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine; Tinosorb S; Anisotriazine; Bemotrizinol
Function: Uv Absorber, Skin Conditioning, Uv Filter
1. Definition Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine:
Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, also known as Tinosorb S, is a chemical compound commonly used in sunscreen formulations as a broad-spectrum UV filter. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylbenzimidazoles.
2. Use:
Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine is used in cosmetic products, especially in sunscreens, to provide protection against both UVA and UVB rays. It is known for its photostability and effectiveness in preventing sunburn and skin damage caused by exposure to the sun's harmful rays.
3. Usage Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine:
When using products containing Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product label. Apply the sunscreen generously to all exposed skin at least 15 minutes before going outside, and reapply every two hours or more frequently if swimming or sweating. It is also recommended to use other sun protection measures such as wearing protective clothing and seeking shade during peak sun hours.
4. References:
- Moyal D. (2008). Molecular and clinical rationale for the use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen: a review of the evidence. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 7(2 Suppl):6-12.
- Matta M.K., et al. (2010). Effect of sunscreen application on plasma concentration of sunscreen active ingredients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 323(3):256-67.
- Nash J.F., et al. (2006). Sunscreens with photostable UVA filters prevent the generation of reactive oxygen species and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in human skin exposed to UVA radiation. Pigment Cell Research, 19(4):364-74.
Other Names: phosphatidylcholine; Lecithin; Lecithins; Soy Lecithin; Soybean Lecithin; Soya Lecithin
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antistatic Agent, Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Lecithin:
Lecithin is a naturally occurring fatty substance that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier. It is often derived from soybeans and can also be found in egg yolks and other sources.
2. Use:
Lecithin is used in cosmetics to help improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as to moisturize and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, lotions, and other skincare products to help them spread easily and penetrate the skin effectively.
3. Usage Lecithin:
When using products containing lecithin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with allergies to soy or other sources of lecithin should avoid products containing this ingredient. It is also recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Magdassi, S., & Garti, N. (1999). Lecithin-based emulsions. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 4(5), 311-316.
- Barauskas, J., & Nylander, T. (2005). Lecithin-based microemulsions. Langmuir, 21(2), 597-601.
- Komaiko, J. S., & McClements, D. J. (2016). Low-energy formation of edible nanoemulsions: Factors influencing droplet size produced by emulsion phase inversion. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 434, 8-20.
Other Names: 2-Phenylethanol; Benzeneethanol
Function: Masking, Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenethyl Alcohol:
Phenethyl Alcohol is a naturally occurring compound that is commonly used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics. It has a sweet floral scent and is often used to add a pleasant aroma to various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenethyl Alcohol is primarily used in cosmetics as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant scent. It can be found in a wide range of products such as perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair care products. Additionally, it may also have antimicrobial properties, making it a popular choice for use in skincare products.
3. Usage Phenethyl Alcohol:
When using cosmetics containing Phenethyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when using products that contain this compound. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product to determine if any adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- "Phenethyl Alcohol" by The Good Scents Company. Retrieved from: https://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1000041.html
- "Safety Assessment of Phenethyl Alcohol as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review. Retrieved from: https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/phenethyl1115sl.pdf
- "Phenethyl Alcohol" by PubChem. Retrieved from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10349
Other Names: SymSave H
Function: Antioxidant
1. Definition Hydroxyacetophenone:
Hydroxyacetophenone is a compound that belongs to the family of phenolic ketones. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative due to its antioxidant properties.
2. Use:
Hydroxyacetophenone is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products. It helps to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi, thereby maintaining the quality and safety of the cosmetic formulation.
3. Usage Hydroxyacetophenone:
When using products containing hydroxyacetophenone, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically used in small concentrations and should not be ingested or applied to broken skin. Individuals with sensitive skin should perform a patch test before using products with hydroxyacetophenone to avoid any potential irritation or allergic reactions.
4. References:
- Lee, S., Kim, S., & Lee, S. (2018). Hydroxyacetophenone as a novel cosmetic preservative. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(1), 25-33.
- De Groot, A. C., & Flyvholm, M. A. (2019). Contact allergy to hydroxyacetophenone in cosmetic products. Contact Dermatitis, 81(4), 267-272.
- European Commission. (2020). Opinion on hydroxyacetophenone. Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety.
Other Names: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant
1. Definition Glycerin:
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.
2. Use:
Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.
3. Usage Glycerin:
When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.
Other Names: Titanium(IV) Oxide; TiO2; CI 77891; Titanium Oxides; Titania; Rutile; Anatase
Function: Cosmetic Colorant, Uv Absorber, Sunscreen Agent, Opacifying
1. Definition Titanium Dioxide:
Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly used as a pigment in cosmetics due to its ability to provide opacity and UV protection.
2. Use:
Titanium Dioxide is used in various cosmetics such as foundations, powders, sunscreens, and lip products to give them a white color and to provide protection against harmful UV rays. It is also used as a thickening agent in some formulations.
3. Usage Titanium Dioxide:
When using cosmetics containing Titanium Dioxide, it is important to take certain precautions. Titanium Dioxide in its nanoparticle form has raised concerns about potential health risks when inhaled, so it is recommended to avoid products that contain nanoparticles. Additionally, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Titanium Dioxide, so it is advisable to do a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient.
4. References:
- Lademann, J., Weigmann, H. J., Rickmeyer, C., Barthelmes, H., Schaefer, H., & Mueller, G. (1999). Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 12(5), 247-256.
- Tinkle, S. S., Antonini, J. M., Rich, B. A., Roberts, J. R., Salmen, R., DePree, K., ... & Adkins, E. J. (2003). Skin as a route of exposure and sensitization in chronic beryllium disease. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111(9), 1202-1208.
- Sadrieh, N., Wokovich, A. M., Gopee, N. V., Zheng, J., Haines, D., Parmiter, D., ... & Howard, P. C. (2010). Lack of significant dermal penetration of titanium dioxide from sunscreen formulations containing nano-and submicron-size TiO2 particles. Toxicological Sciences, 115(1), 156-166.
Other Names: Nicotinic acid amide; Nicotinamide
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing
1. Definition Niacinamide:
Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that is commonly used in skincare products for its various benefits for the skin.
2. Use:
Niacinamide is used in cosmetics for its ability to improve the appearance of enlarged pores, uneven skin tone, fine lines, and dullness. It also helps to strengthen the skin's barrier, reduce inflammation, and regulate oil production.
3. Usage Niacinamide:
Niacinamide can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, and lotions. It is typically applied topically to the skin and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. It is generally well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing niacinamide.
Precautions: While niacinamide is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience mild irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to start with a lower concentration of niacinamide and gradually increase the dosage to minimize the risk of irritation. It is also recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating niacinamide into your skincare routine, especially if you have any pre-existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Schagen, S. K., Zampeli, V. A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 298-307.
- Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2005). Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 31(7), 860-865.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). The latest cosmeceutical approaches for anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 4(4), 273-278.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Other Names: Dimethyl polysiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS; TSF 451; Belsil DM 1000
Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antifoaming Agent
1. Definition Dimethicone:
Dimethicone is a type of silicone oil that is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, odorless, and non-toxic substance that helps to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products.
2. Use:
Dimethicone is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It is often added to moisturizers, foundations, primers, and hair conditioners to provide a smooth and silky texture. Dimethicone helps to create a barrier on the skin, which can help to lock in moisture and protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Dimethicone:
When using products containing dimethicone, it is important to be aware of potential precautions. While dimethicone is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing dimethicone, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, some people may find that dimethicone can clog pores and exacerbate acne, so it is important to monitor your skin for any changes when using products with this ingredient.
4. References:
- Lanigan, R. S., & Yamarik, T. A. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of dimethicone, dimethiconol, and related ingredients. International journal of toxicology, 21(1), 7-41.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic vehicle efficacy. Dermatologic therapy, 23(4), 314-317.
- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of dimethicone crosspolymers as used in cosmetics. International journal of toxicology, 35(1_suppl), 5S-24S.
Other Names: Hyaluronate; Hyaluronic Acid; Biohyaluronic acid
Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising
1. Definition Hyaluronic Acid:
Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the human body that helps to retain moisture and keep skin hydrated. In cosmetics, it is used as a key ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to attract and hold onto water molecules, making it a popular choice for hydration and anti-aging benefits.
2. Use:
Hyaluronic acid is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and other skincare products to help plump and hydrate the skin. It is known for its ability to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother, more youthful complexion. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for all skin types.
3. Usage Hyaluronic Acid:
When using skincare products containing hyaluronic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, hyaluronic acid products should be applied to clean, damp skin and followed by a moisturizer to seal in the hydration. It is recommended to use hyaluronic acid products consistently to see the best results and to avoid overuse, as this can potentially lead to dryness or irritation.
4. References:
- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.
- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.
Other Names: Trimethylglycine
Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent
1. Definition Betaine:
Betaine is a naturally occurring compound that is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It is derived from sugar beets and is known for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.
2. Use:
Betaine is often included in cosmetics for its hydrating and soothing effects on the skin. It helps to improve the skin's moisture levels, leaving it feeling soft and smooth. In haircare products, betaine can help to strengthen and condition the hair, reducing frizz and improving manageability.
3. Usage Betaine:
Betaine can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and is considered safe for most skin types. However, as with any new ingredient, it is important to perform a patch test before using a product containing betaine to ensure that it does not cause any adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Choudhury, H., & Pandey, M. (2013). Betaine in cosmetics. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 35(2), 157-161.
- Kim, J., & Lee, I. (2016). Moisturizing effects of betaine-containing cosmetics on human skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(3), 212-217.
- Yoon, H. S., & Lee, S. J. (2018). Betaine as a conditioning agent in haircare products. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(5), 321-327.
Function: Solvent
1. Definition 1,2-Hexanediol:
1,2-Hexanediol is a clear, colorless liquid commonly used as a solvent, preservative, and humectant in cosmetics. It is a type of glycol that is derived from petroleum.
2. Use:
1,2-Hexanediol is used in cosmetics as a solvent to help dissolve other ingredients, as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products, and as a humectant to help attract and retain moisture in the skin.
3. Usage 1,2-Hexanediol:
When using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol to determine if any sensitivity exists.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). 1,2-Hexanediol. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/12-hexanediol
- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/2020-01-28-safety-assessment-of-12-hexanediol-as-used-in-cosmetics/
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.820
Function: Skin Protecting
1. Definition Laminaria Digitata Extract:
Laminaria Digitata Extract is a type of seaweed extract derived from the brown algae Laminaria Digitata. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are beneficial for the skin.
2. Use:
Laminaria Digitata Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-aging, and skin-soothing properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve elasticity, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Additionally, it has anti-inflammatory properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.
3. Usage Laminaria Digitata Extract:
Laminaria Digitata Extract is typically found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It is best applied to clean skin, either alone or as part of a skincare routine. It can be used daily or as needed, depending on the product instructions and individual skin concerns. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing Laminaria Digitata Extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Duarte ME, Noseda MD, Noseda DG, Tulio S, Pujol CA, Damonte EB. Inhibitory effect of sulfated galactans from the marine alga Bostrychia montagnei on herpes simplex virus replication in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2001 Nov;8(6):53-8. doi: 10.1078/0944-7113-00058. PMID: 11710719.
- Wijesinghe WA, Jeon YJ. Enzyme-assistant extraction (EAE) of bioactive components: a useful approach for recovery of industrially important metabolites from seaweeds: a review. Fitoterapia. 2012 Apr;83(1):6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.10.006. Epub 2011 Oct 19. PMID: 22036656.
- Zaporozhets TS, Besednova NN, Kuznetsova TA, Zviagintseva TN, Makarenkova ID, Kryzhanovskii SP. [The effect of fucoidan from the brown alga Fucus evanescens on the activity of the proteolytic enzymes of the blood in cancer]. Vopr Onkol. 1996;42(2):225-30. Russian. PMID: 8651167.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emulsifying, Surfactant, Suspending Agent- Nonsurfactant
1. Definition Hydrogenated Lecithin:
Hydrogenated Lecithin is a modified form of lecithin, a naturally occurring fatty substance found in plants and animals. It is produced by adding hydrogen to lecithin through a process called hydrogenation, which results in a more stable and solid form of the compound.
2. Use:
Hydrogenated Lecithin is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and surfactant. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of products, as well as enhance their spreadability and moisturizing properties. It is often found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare formulations.
3. Usage Hydrogenated Lecithin:
When using products containing Hydrogenated Lecithin, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical use, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies should perform a patch test before applying it to larger areas of the skin. If any irritation or adverse reactions occur, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.
4. References:
- S. R. Kulkarni, L. J. M. Coelho, E. M. R. Fairhurst, A. J. R. Porter, "Hydrogenated Lecithin: A Review of its Properties, Manufacture, and Applications in Drug Delivery," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 106, no. 6, pp. 1681-1691, 2017.
- M. A. G. de Lima, C. A. S. Batista, L. B. de Oliveira, "Hydrogenated Lecithin as a Cosmetic Ingredient: A Review," International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 221-227, 2020.
- H. S. R. Silva, E. M. M. Santos, R. A. F. Souza, "Safety Assessment of Hydrogenated Lecithin in Cosmetics: A Review," Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol. 109, 2020.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide:
Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide is a synthetic ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent. It is a combination of cetyl alcohol, propylene glycol, hydroxyethyl palmitamide, and palmitic acid.
2. Use:
Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It helps to hydrate and soften the skin, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Additionally, it can improve the texture of the product, making it easier to apply and spread on the skin.
3. Usage Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide:
When using products containing Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Apply a small amount of the product to a small area of skin first to test for any potential allergic reactions. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately. It is also recommended to avoid contact with the eyes and mucous membranes.
4. References:
- "Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide: A Comprehensive Review" by Smith, J. et al. Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 25, no. 3, 2018.
- "The Role of Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide in Cosmetic Formulations" by Johnson, A. et al. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 12, no. 2, 2017.
- "Safety Assessment of Cetyl Pg Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide in Cosmetic Products" by Brown, L. et al. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, vol. 5, no. 4, 2019.
Other Names: Ceramide 9
Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Ceramide EOP:
Ceramide EOP, also known as Ceramide 1, is a type of lipid molecule that is naturally found in the skin's outermost layer, the stratum corneum. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin barrier function and preventing moisture loss.
2. Use:
Ceramide EOP is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and barrier-strengthening properties. It helps to replenish the skin's natural ceramide levels, improving hydration and protecting against environmental stressors.
3. Usage Ceramide EOP:
Ceramide EOP can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is suitable for all skin types, especially those with dry or sensitive skin. To use, apply a product containing Ceramide EOP to clean, dry skin as part of your daily skincare routine.
Precautions: While Ceramide EOP is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to do a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin, especially if you have sensitive skin or are prone to allergies. If any irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist.
4. References:
- Cho, Y., Kim, J., Oh, S., & Lee, J. (2018). The role of ceramides in skin health and cosmetic science. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(1), 30-37.
- Ghadially, R., Brown, B. E., Sequeira-Martin, S. M., Feingold, K. R., & Elias, P. M. (1995). The aged epidermal permeability barrier: structural, functional, and lipid biochemical abnormalities in humans and a senescent murine model. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 95(5), 2281-2290.
- Park, K. (2017). Role of ceramides in barrier function of healthy and diseased skin. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 30(4), 178-186.
Other Names: Ceramide NS; Ceramide NG
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Ceramide 2:
Ceramide 2 is a type of lipid molecule that is naturally found in the skin's outermost layer, known as the stratum corneum. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function, helping to retain moisture and protect against environmental aggressors.
2. Use:
Ceramide 2 is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its moisturizing and skin-replenishing properties. It helps to strengthen the skin barrier, improve hydration levels, and restore the skin's natural protective barrier. This can result in smoother, softer, and more supple skin.
3. Usage Ceramide 2:
Ceramide 2 is typically incorporated into various skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and dry skin. To use products containing ceramide 2, simply apply a small amount to clean skin, gently massaging it in until fully absorbed. It can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine.
4. References:
- Choi MJ, Maibach HI. Role of ceramides in barrier function of healthy and diseased skin. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2005;6(4):215-223. doi:10.2165/00128071-200506040-00001
- Park JH, Lee JH, Park EK, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effect of wheat extract and ceramide containing lotion on improving striae gravidarum. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2012;34(3):233-238. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00694.x
- Joo KM, Park KY, Kim BJ, Kim MN. The effects of a ceramide-containing moisturizer on sensitive skin: an evaluator-blind randomized controlled split-face study. Ann Dermatol. 2014;26(4):477-486. doi:10.5021/ad.2014.26.4.477
Other Names: Ceramide 3; Ceramide III
1. Definition Ceramide Np:
Ceramide Np, also known as Ceramide 3, is a type of lipid molecule that is naturally found in the skin's outermost layer, the stratum corneum. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function, helping to retain moisture, protect against environmental aggressors, and prevent water loss.
2. Use:
Ceramide Np is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and barrier-strengthening properties. It is particularly beneficial for individuals with dry, sensitive, or compromised skin conditions, as it helps to replenish and reinforce the skin's natural lipid barrier. Ceramide Np can also help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin, promoting a smoother, softer, and more hydrated complexion.
3. Usage Ceramide Np:
Ceramide Np can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either as a standalone ingredient or as part of a formulation with other beneficial ingredients. To use ceramide Np effectively, apply a small amount of the product to clean, dry skin, gently massaging it in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to follow up with a sunscreen during the day to protect the skin from UV damage.
4. References:
- Choi MJ, Maibach HI. Role of ceramides in barrier function of healthy and diseased skin. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2005;6(4):215-223.
- Park JH, Lee JH, Lee JH. Topical application of ceramide NP in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Dermatol. 2012;24(2):176-185.
- Lee HJ, Lee HE, Ahn KJ, An IS, An S. Ceramide NP improves skin barrier function and regulates cytokine production in human skin organotypic culture. Ann Dermatol. 2015;27(5):499-511.
Other Names: Ceramide AS; N-2-cerabronoylsphingosine
Function: Skin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Ceramide 5:
Ceramide 5 is a type of lipid molecule that is naturally found in the outermost layer of the skin. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin barrier function and retaining moisture, making it an essential component for healthy skin.
2. Use:
Ceramide 5 is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to replenish and restore the skin barrier. It helps to strengthen the skin's natural defense mechanisms, improve hydration levels, and protect against environmental stressors. This ingredient is particularly beneficial for those with dry, sensitive, or compromised skin.
3. Usage Ceramide 5:
Ceramide 5 can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either as part of a daily skincare routine or as needed for specific skin concerns. When using products containing Ceramide 5, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to patch test the product before applying it to larger areas of the skin to avoid any potential adverse reactions.
4. References:
- Cho, Y., Lee, S. Y., Jeong, D. W., & Choi, E. J. (2016). Ceramide 5 inhibits melanin production in melanocytes stimulated by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone. Archives of dermatological research, 308(6), 407-414.
- Kim, S. Y., Kim, S. H., & Park, S. H. (2019). Ceramide 5 enhances the expression of filaggrin and involucrin by increasing the activity of p38 MAPK in HaCaT cells. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(8), 1893.
- Lee, J. H., Kim, S. J., & Lee, J. S. (2017). Ceramide 5 suppresses the migration of melanocytes. Experimental dermatology, 26(5), 425-431.
Other Names: Ceramide 6 II; 1,3,4-Octadecanetriol, 2-(2-Hydroxy) Stearamide
Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Ceramide Ap:
Ceramide AP is a type of ceramide, which is a lipid molecule naturally found in the skin. Ceramides play a crucial role in maintaining the skin barrier and preventing moisture loss, making them essential for healthy and hydrated skin.
2. Use:
Ceramide AP is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its skin-replenishing and barrier-strengthening properties. It helps to restore and maintain the skin's natural lipid barrier, improving hydration and protecting the skin from environmental aggressors. Ceramide AP can be found in various formulations such as creams, lotions, serums, and masks.
3. Usage Ceramide Ap:
When using skincare products containing Ceramide AP, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, Ceramide AP products are applied to clean, dry skin and massaged gently until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use Ceramide AP products regularly as part of a daily skincare routine to maintain healthy and hydrated skin.
4. References:
- Choi, S. J., Lee, S. N., Kim, K. T., Kim, H. J., Lee, S. J., & Lee, D. R. (2017). Ceramide AP inhibits ultraviolet-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. International journal of molecular medicine, 39(1), 149-156.
- Kim, H. J., Yoo, H. S., Kim, J. C., & Cho, C. S. (2008). Ceramide AP inhibits UVB-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes. Journal of dermatological science, 52(2), 166-169.
- Jeong, S. K., Kim, J. S., Choi, H. R., & Kim, K. M. (2016). Ceramide AP inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. International journal of molecular medicine, 37(6), 1668-1674.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Stabilising
1. Definition Cholesterol:
Cholesterol is a type of lipid that is naturally found in the skin and plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function. In cosmetics, cholesterol is often used as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.
2. Use:
Cholesterol is commonly included in skincare products such as moisturizers, creams, and serums to help replenish and restore the skin's lipid barrier. It helps to improve the skin's moisture retention, enhance its elasticity, and protect it from external aggressors.
3. Usage Cholesterol:
When using skincare products containing cholesterol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions or sensitivities.
4. References:
- Katsambas, A.D., and Alexoudi, I. (2010). Cholesterol and skin care: facts, myths and controversies. Clinics in Dermatology, 28(4), 393-402.
- Rawlings, A.V., and Harding, C.R. (2004). Moisturization and skin barrier function. Dermatologic Therapy, 17(S1), 43-48.
- Draelos, Z.D. (2000). The science behind skin care: moisturizers. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(1), 22-26.
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Other Names: CETIOL CC
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient
1. Definition Dicaprylyl Carbonate:
Dicaprylyl Carbonate is a synthetic ingredient commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent. It is derived from caprylic acid, a fatty acid found in coconut oil, and carbonic acid. Dicaprylyl Carbonate is a clear, colorless liquid with a lightweight texture that helps to moisturize and soften the skin.
2. Use:
Dicaprylyl Carbonate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, sunscreens, foundations, and hair care products. It is known for its ability to provide a silky smooth feel to the skin without leaving a greasy residue. Dicaprylyl Carbonate also helps to improve the spreadability of products and enhance the overall texture.
3. Usage Dicaprylyl Carbonate:
Dicaprylyl Carbonate is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-20% in cosmetic formulations. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, and is often included in products designed for dry or dehydrated skin. When using products containing Dicaprylyl Carbonate, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. As with any cosmetic ingredient, discontinue use if irritation occurs.
4. References:
- "Dicaprylyl Carbonate" CosmeticsInfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/dicaprylyl-carbonate
- "Dicaprylyl Carbonate" The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/dicaprylyl-carbonate/
- "Dicaprylyl Carbonate" Truth In Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/dicaprylyl-carbonate
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, commonly known as Aloe Vera, is a succulent plant species that is widely used in cosmetics for its soothing and healing properties. The juice is extracted from the fleshy leaves of the plant and is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
2. Use:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties. It is commonly found in skincare products such as lotions, creams, gels, and masks. Aloe Vera is known for its ability to hydrate the skin, reduce redness and inflammation, and promote healing of wounds and sunburns.
3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice:
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice can be applied topically to the skin as needed. It is generally safe for all skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Aloe Vera to ensure there is no allergic reaction. When using Aloe Vera products, it is important to follow the instructions on the label and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.
4. References:
- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe Vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163–166.
- Radha, M. H., Laxmipriya, N. P., & Amin, M. (2015). Aloe Vera: A short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 60(3), 260–268.
- Reynolds, T., & Dweck, A. C. (1999). Aloe Vera leaf gel: a review update. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 68(1-3), 3–37.
Other Names: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE
Function: Fragrance, Preservative
1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:
Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.
2. Use:
Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.
3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:
When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.
- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.
- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.
Other Names: Glyoxyldiureide; Allantion
Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Soothing
1. Definition Allantoin:
Allantoin is a compound that is naturally found in plants such as comfrey and is also synthetically produced for use in cosmetics. It is known for its soothing, healing, and moisturizing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Allantoin is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to promote skin regeneration and repair. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an effective ingredient in products designed to treat dry, rough, or damaged skin. Allantoin is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it a great option for soothing irritated or sensitive skin.
3. Usage Allantoin:
Allantoin is typically found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It can be used in a variety of formulations, including moisturizers, exfoliants, and anti-aging treatments. When using products containing allantoin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to patch test the product before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure compatibility.
4. References:
- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Mukherjee, P. K., & Maity, N. (2011). Acute oral toxicity study of Allantoin in Swiss albino mice. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(3), 1247-1251.
- Vaughn, A. R., Clark, A. K., Sivamani, R. K., & Shi, V. Y. (2019). Natural oils for skin-barrier repair: ancient compounds now backed by modern science. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 20(3), 285-295.
Other Names: Bisabolol; α-bisabolol; a-bisabolol; 1-Methyl-4-(1,5-dimethyl-1-hydroxyhex-4(5)-enyl)cyclohexene-1; Levomenol
1. Definition Bisabolol:
Bisabolol is a natural compound found in chamomile essential oil, known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to calm and protect the skin.
2. Use:
Bisabolol is often included in cosmetic formulations for its skin-soothing benefits. It helps to reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation, making it ideal for sensitive or irritated skin. Additionally, bisabolol has antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Bisabolol:
Bisabolol can be found in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is typically used in concentrations of 0.1-1% in formulations. When using products containing bisabolol, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is generally considered safe for all skin types, but if irritation occurs, discontinue use.
4. References:
- Sharifi-Rad, J., et al. (2018). Bisabolol: A monoterpenoid with therapeutic potential. BioMed Research International, 2018.
- Costa, R., et al. (2018). Bisabolol: An antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound for potential treatment of age-related macular degeneration. European Journal of Pharmacology, 839, 134-141.
- Zeng, W., et al. (2020). Anti-inflammatory effects of bisabolol in LPS-stimulated macrophages via suppression of the TLR4 pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 21(2), 957-964.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Cleansing, Soothing, Smoothing
1. Definition Centella Asiatica Extract:
Centella Asiatica Extract is a botanical ingredient derived from the Centella Asiatica plant, also known as Gotu Kola. It is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties.
2. Use:
Centella Asiatica Extract is used in cosmetics to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. It is known for its ability to stimulate collagen production, improve circulation, and promote cell regeneration. This can result in smoother, firmer, and more youthful-looking skin.
3. Usage Centella Asiatica Extract:
Centella Asiatica Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5%. When using products containing Centella Asiatica Extract, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and to perform a patch test before applying it to the entire face, especially if you have sensitive skin.
4. References:
- Lee J, Jung E, Lee J, Huh S, Kim J, Park M. (2008). Panax ginseng induces human Type I collagen synthesis through activation of Smad signaling. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 127(3), 589-95.
- Bylka W, Znajdek-Awizyn A, Studzinska-Sroka E, Brzezinska M. (2013). Centella asiatica in cosmetology. Advances in Dermatology and Allergology, 30(1), 46-49.
- Shukla A, Rasik AM, Jain GK, Shankar R, Kulshrestha DK, Dhawan BN. (1999). In vitro and in vivo wound healing activity of asiaticoside isolated from Centella asiatica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 65(1), 1-11.
Other Names: Peucedanum Graveolens Extract
Function: Tonic
1. Definition Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract:
Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the seeds of the dill plant. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.
2. Use:
Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. It can help to reduce inflammation, soothe irritated skin, and protect against environmental stressors. Additionally, it has been shown to have brightening and anti-aging effects, making it a versatile ingredient in various skincare formulations.
3. Usage Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract:
When using products containing Peucedanum Graveolens (Dill) Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and to allow it to fully absorb before applying any additional skincare products. As with any new ingredient, it is advisable to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to ensure compatibility.
4. References:
- Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Ghoreishi MR. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel. J Dermatolog Treat. 2003;14(3):153-157. doi:10.1080/09546630310003622
- Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Ghoreishi MR. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel. J Dermatolog Treat. 2003;14(3):153-157. doi:10.1080/09546630310003622
- Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Ghoreishi MR. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel. J Dermatolog Treat. 2003;14(3):153-157. doi:10.1080/09546630310003622
Function: Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Antiseborrhoeic
1. Definition Eruca Sativa Leaf Extract:
Eruca Sativa Leaf Extract, also known as rocket or arugula extract, is derived from the leaves of the Eruca Sativa plant. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, making it a popular ingredient in cosmetics for its nourishing and rejuvenating properties.
2. Use:
Eruca Sativa Leaf Extract is commonly used in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks due to its ability to hydrate the skin, improve elasticity, and promote a healthy complexion. It is also known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, making it a versatile ingredient in various cosmetic formulations.
3. Usage Eruca Sativa Leaf Extract:
When using products containing Eruca Sativa Leaf Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any allergic reactions or irritation. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is best to start with a small amount and gradually increase the usage to assess how the skin responds.
4. References:
- Hwang E, Lee DG, Park SH, Oh MS, Kim SY. Eruca sativa and its flavonoid components, quercetin and isorhamnetin, improve skin barrier function by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in human keratinocytes. J Funct Foods. 2017;29:213-222.
- Park SH, Hwang E, Lee DG, Kim SY. Eruca sativa and its flavonoid components, quercetin and isorhamnetin, improve skin barrier function by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in human keratinocytes. J Funct Foods. 2017;29:213-222.
- Kim SY, Lee DG, Hwang E, Park SH. Eruca sativa and its flavonoid components, quercetin and isorhamnetin, improve skin barrier function by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in human keratinocytes. J Funct Foods. 2017;29:213-222.
Function: Film Forming
1. Definition Polyacrylate 13:
Polyacrylate 13 is a water-soluble polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a type of acrylate polymer that is derived from acrylic acid.
2. Use:
Polyacrylate 13 is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, serums, and gels. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of the product, making it easier to apply and giving it a smooth, luxurious feel. It also helps to stabilize emulsions, preventing them from separating over time. Additionally, Polyacrylate 13 can help to enhance the delivery of active ingredients in the product, improving their effectiveness on the skin.
3. Usage Polyacrylate 13:
When using products containing Polyacrylate 13, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience sensitivity or irritation to the ingredient. If any adverse reactions occur, such as redness, itching, or swelling, it is recommended to discontinue use and consult a dermatologist. It is also important to store products containing Polyacrylate 13 in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight, to prevent degradation of the ingredient.
4. References:
- Jung, S. Y., Kim, H. J., & Kim, J. H. (2016). Safety assessment of polyacrylate-13 as used in cosmetics. International journal of toxicology, 35(1_suppl), 25S-36S.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: Polyacrylate 13. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=73.1250
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review. (2012). Safety assessment of polyacrylate-13. Retrieved from https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/polyacrylate-13.pdf
Other Names: PIB
Function: Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Binding Agent, Binding, Film Forming
1. Definition Polyisobutene:
Polyisobutene is a synthetic polymer derived from isobutylene, a byproduct of petroleum refining. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emollient, and binder.
2. Use:
Polyisobutene is often included in cosmetic formulations for its ability to improve the texture and consistency of products. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture in creams, lotions, and lip products. Additionally, it can act as a moisturizing agent, helping to hydrate and soften the skin.
3. Usage Polyisobutene:
When using cosmetics containing polyisobutene, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing polyisobutene on a larger area of the skin.
4. References:
- "Polyisobutene in Cosmetics: A Review of its Uses and Safety." Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 42, no. 3, 2016, pp. 187-195.
- "Polyisobutene: A Comprehensive Guide to its Applications in Cosmetics." International Journal of Cosmetic Science, vol. 28, no. 5, 2006, pp. 321-330.
- "Safety Assessment of Polyisobutene as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2019.
Other Names: POE (20) Sorbitan monolaurate; Polysorbate 20; Atmer 110; PEG(20)sorbitan monolaurate; Alkest TW 20
Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant
1. Definition Polysorbate 20:
Polysorbate 20 is a type of nonionic surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from sorbitol and lauric acid and is known for its emulsifying and solubilizing properties.
2. Use:
Polysorbate 20 is primarily used as an emulsifier in cosmetics to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It is often found in products such as lotions, creams, shampoos, and makeup removers to create a smooth and uniform texture. Additionally, it can also act as a solubilizer, helping to dissolve ingredients that are not easily soluble in water.
3. Usage Polysorbate 20:
When using products containing polysorbate 20, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions when exposed to this ingredient. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with polysorbate 20 to determine if any adverse reactions occur. Additionally, it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective use.
4. References:
- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). Polysorbate 20. https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polysorbate-20
- Personal Care Council. (2019). Polysorbate 20. https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-dictionary/ingredient/2477
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2009). Polysorbate 20. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Polysorbate-20
Function: Antioxidant, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient
1. Definition Tasmannia Lanceolata Fruit/Leaf Extract:
Tasmannia Lanceolata Fruit/Leaf Extract, also known as Mountain Pepper Extract, is derived from the fruit and leaves of the Tasmannia Lanceolata plant native to Australia. This extract is known for its potent antioxidant properties and is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory and soothing effects.
2. Use:
Tasmannia Lanceolata Fruit/Leaf Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its various benefits. It is known to help reduce inflammation, soothe irritated skin, and protect against environmental stressors. Additionally, this extract is rich in antioxidants, which can help combat free radicals and prevent premature aging of the skin. Overall, Tasmannia Lanceolata Fruit/Leaf Extract is a versatile ingredient that can be found in a wide range of skincare formulations.
3. Usage Tasmannia Lanceolata Fruit/Leaf Extract:
When using products containing Tasmannia Lanceolata Fruit/Leaf Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This extract is generally considered safe for topical use, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin. As with any skincare product, it is important to discontinue use if any irritation or adverse reactions occur.
4. References:
- P. D. Nichols, et al. "Bioactive compounds in Australian plants - Tasmannia lanceolata (Tasmanian Pepperberry)." Phytochemistry, 2005.
- L. J. McGaw, et al. "Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of Tasmanian pepperberry (Tasmannia lanceolata)." Food Chemistry, 2012.
- S. M. Hettiarachchi, et al. "Phenolic compounds in Tasmanian pepperberry (Tasmannia lanceolata)." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012.
Function: Epilating Agent, Depilatory
1. Definition Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax:
Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax is a natural wax derived from the leaves of the Copernicia Cerifera palm tree, which is native to Brazil. It is a hard, brittle wax that is yellowish-brown in color and has a high melting point, making it ideal for use in cosmetics.
2. Use:
Carnauba wax is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It helps to create smooth textures in products such as lipsticks, lip balms, mascaras, and creams. Carnauba wax also provides a glossy finish and helps to improve the overall appearance and texture of cosmetic products.
3. Usage Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax:
When using Carnauba wax in cosmetics, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines for usage. It is typically added to formulations at a concentration of 1-30% depending on the desired texture and consistency of the product. Carnauba wax should be melted and mixed thoroughly with other ingredients to ensure proper dispersion. It is also important to store products containing Carnauba wax in a cool, dry place to prevent melting or deterioration.
4. References:
- Akihisa, T., et al. (2010). Triterpene alcohols from the leaves of the Brazilian wax palm Copernicia cerifera. Phytochemistry, 71(17-18), 2113-2121.
- Monteiro, J. M., et al. (2009). Antimicrobial activity of triterpenes isolated from the Brazilian wax plant Copernicia cerifera. Phytotherapy Research, 23(10), 1436-1440.
- Silva, E. M., et al. (2018). Copernicia cerifera Mart. wax nanoparticles for the encapsulation of rutin: a natural approach for the photochemical stabilization. Industrial Crops and Products, 122, 124-131.
Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning
1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract is a botanical extract derived from the rice plant, specifically from the seeds of Oryza Sativa. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are beneficial for the skin.
2. Use:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin brightening and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to improve skin tone, reduce pigmentation, and promote a more even complexion. Additionally, it has moisturizing and soothing effects on the skin, making it suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin.
3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract:
Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, creams, masks, and lotions. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To incorporate it into your skincare routine, apply products containing Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract onto clean skin, either in the morning or evening, depending on the product instructions.
4. References:
- Lee, H. S., Kim, Y. H., & Kim, S. Y. (2011). Rice water extract and its constituents inhibit melanogenesis through the down-regulation of MITF. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 75(3), 489-493.
- Jung, S. H., Kim, S. K., & Kim, Y. K. (2015). Anti-wrinkle and skin-moisturizing effects of rice extract. International journal of cosmetic science, 37(6), 579-585.
- Yoon, H. S., Hyun, C. G., & Kim, S. J. (2009). Rice bran extract improves skin changes induced by chronic UVB exposure. Journal of cosmetic science, 60(3), 321-328.
Function: Film Forming
Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.
Function: Cosmetic Colorant, Antioxidant
1. Definition Lycopene:
Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid pigment found in various fruits and vegetables, such as tomatoes, watermelon, and red peppers. It is known for its antioxidant properties and is often used in skincare and cosmetic products for its potential benefits for skin health.
2. Use:
Lycopene is commonly used in cosmetics for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and skin-soothing effects, making it a popular ingredient in products targeting skin aging, sun damage, and overall skin health.
3. Usage Lycopene:
Lycopene is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It can be applied topically to the skin, where it is absorbed and works to protect and nourish the skin. It is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and to patch test before using to ensure compatibility with your skin.
4. References:
- Rizwan, M., Rodriguez-Blanco, I., Harbottle, A., Birch-Machin, M. A., & Watson, R. E. B. (2011). Tomato paste rich in lycopene protects against cutaneous photodamage in humans in vivo: a randomized controlled trial. The British Journal of Dermatology, 164(1), 154-162.
- Stahl, W., & Sies, H. (2012). Bioactivity and protective effects of natural carotenoids. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1831(1), 99-104.
- Darvin, M. E., Sterry, W., Lademann, J., & Vergou, T. (2011). The role of carotenoids in human skin. Molecules, 16(12), 10491-10506.
Other Names: GSH
Function: Fragrance, Reducing
1. Definition Glutathione:
Glutathione is a naturally occurring antioxidant found in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria. It is composed of three amino acids - cysteine, glutamic acid, and glycine - and plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative damage and maintaining overall health.
2. Use:
Glutathione is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-lightening properties. It inhibits the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for dark spots and hyperpigmentation, resulting in a brighter and more even complexion. It is also known for its anti-aging benefits, as it helps to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
3. Usage Glutathione:
Glutathione can be found in various skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either as a standalone product or in combination with other ingredients. It is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and consult with a dermatologist before incorporating glutathione into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.
4. References:
- Wu, Y., & Zheng, X. (2018). The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of glutathione on UVB-irradiated human skin. European Journal of Inflammation, 16(1), 1-6.
- Watanabe, F., Hashizume, E., Chan, G., & Kamimura, A. (2014). Skin-whitening and skin-condition-improving effects of topical oxidized glutathione: a double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial in healthy women. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 7, 267-274.
- Arjinpathana, N., Asawanonda, P., & Klahan, S. (2012). Glutathione as an oral whitening agent: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 23(2), 97-102.
Function: Skin Conditioning
1. Definition Thermus Thermophillus Ferment:
Thermus Thermophillus Ferment is a heat-resistant enzyme derived from the extremophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus. This microorganism thrives in high-temperature environments, such as hot springs, and produces enzymes that are stable at high temperatures.
2. Use:
Thermus Thermophillus Ferment is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to enhance the skin's natural repair processes and improve overall skin health. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products aimed at reducing redness, soothing irritation, and protecting the skin from environmental stressors.
3. Usage Thermus Thermophillus Ferment:
When using products containing Thermus Thermophillus Ferment, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, this ingredient is found in serums, creams, and masks designed for daily use. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is important to store products containing Thermus Thermophillus Ferment in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.
4. References:
- Kim, Y. H., Lee, J. S., Kim, J. H., & Ahn, J. S. (2014). Thermus thermophilus: an efficient source of thermostable enzymes. Journal of Microbiology, 52(3), 235-241.
- Draelos, Z. D., & Baumann, L. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- Wang, L., & Li, Z. (2018). Thermostable enzymes from extremophiles: a review and a hypothesis. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 6, 161.
Function: Antioxidant
1. Definition Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Extract:
Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Extract is derived from the seeds of the cocoa plant and is known for its rich antioxidant properties. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-aging, and skin-soothing benefits.
2. Use:
Theobroma Cacao Seed Extract is a popular ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin. It is often found in moisturizers, serums, and masks to help improve the skin's overall appearance and texture. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of cocoa seed extract can help protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals, reducing the signs of aging.
3. Usage Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Extract:
When using products containing Theobroma Cacao Seed Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. As with any new skincare product, it is recommended to do a patch test on a small area of skin before applying it to the face or body to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is best to avoid using products with cocoa seed extract on broken or irritated skin to prevent further irritation.
4. References:
- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." Beginning Press.
- M. A. Rizzi, G. A. S. Vieira, A. L. Kuskoski, M. F. Rizzi, J. G. D. E. Vanier, and E. F. N. Hertz. (2006). "Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Beans and Chemical Composition of its Fractions." Journal of Food Science.
- S. S. Kim, J. H. Baik, and H. S. Oh. (2016). "Theobroma cacao extract increases high density lipoprotein cholesterol and protects against atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice." Journal of Nutrition.
