Leahlani Siren Serum

1. Definition Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil:

Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil is an essential oil derived from the flowers of the Jasmine plant through a process of steam distillation. It is known for its sweet, floral scent and is commonly used in perfumery and cosmetics for its aromatic properties.

2. Use:

Jasmine oil is often used in cosmetics for its soothing and calming effects on the skin. It is known to have moisturizing properties that help to hydrate and nourish the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, Jasmine oil is believed to have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can help to soothe irritated skin and prevent breakouts.

3. Usage Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Oil:

When using Jasmine oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a highly concentrated essential oil. It is recommended to mix a few drops of Jasmine oil with a carrier oil, such as coconut or jojoba oil, before applying it to the skin. Jasmine oil can be added to skincare products or used on its own as a facial oil or as a natural perfume. It is best to do a patch test before using Jasmine oil on the skin to check for any allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Ali, B., Al-Wabel, N. A., Shams, S., Ahamad, A., Khan, S. A., & Anwar, F. (2015). Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(8), 601-611.

- Bhuyan, D. J., & Sarma, N. (2017). A review on phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological aspects of genus Jasminum. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(6), 1313-1323.

- Sarwar, M. S., Saqib, Q. N. U. A., Riaz, T., & Ahmad, A. N. (2017). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and extracts of Jasminum officinale L. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, S1935-S1941.

1. Definition Rosa Damascena (Rose):

Rosa Damascena, also known as Damask Rose, is a fragrant flower that is widely used in cosmetics for its soothing and hydrating properties. It is known for its sweet and floral scent, making it a popular choice for skincare products.

2. Use:

Rosa Damascena is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It is often found in facial cleansers, toners, serums, and moisturizers to help hydrate and calm the skin. The essential oil extracted from the petals of the Damask Rose is also used in perfumes and aromatherapy products for its uplifting and calming effects.

3. Usage Rosa Damascena (Rose):

When using products containing Rosa Damascena, it is important to be aware of any potential allergies or sensitivities to the ingredient. It is recommended to do a patch test before applying the product to the entire face or body to avoid any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging for best results.

4. References:

- Ali, B., Al-Wabel, N. A., Shams, S., Ahamad, A., Khan, S. A., & Anwar, F. (2015). Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(8), 601-611.

- Boskabady, M. H., Shafei, M. N., Saberi, Z., & Amini, S. (2011). Pharmacological effects of Rosa damascena. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 14(4), 295-307.

- de Groot, A. C., & Schmidt, E. (2016). Essential oils, part II: individual essential oils. Dermatitis, 27(4), 170-175.

1. Definition Hippophae Rhamnoides (Sea Buckthorn):

Sea Buckthorn, scientifically known as Hippophae Rhamnoides, is a shrub that produces small, bright orange berries. These berries are rich in nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fatty acids, making them a popular ingredient in cosmetics.

2. Use:

Sea Buckthorn is used in cosmetics for its nourishing and rejuvenating properties. It is known to promote skin hydration, improve skin elasticity, and protect against environmental stressors. The high content of vitamins A, C, and E in Sea Buckthorn helps to brighten the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote collagen production. Additionally, the fatty acids found in Sea Buckthorn oil can help to repair and strengthen the skin barrier.

3. Usage Hippophae Rhamnoides (Sea Buckthorn):

Sea Buckthorn is commonly found in skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, and facial oils. It can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other ingredients to create a customized skincare solution. When using Sea Buckthorn in cosmetics, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is recommended to start with a small amount and gradually increase usage to avoid any potential irritation.

4. References:

- Jurenka, J. S. (2009). Anti-inflammatory properties of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 10(1), 247-258.

- Yang, B., & Kallio, H. (2002). Composition and physiological effects of sea buckthorn (Hippophae) lipids. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 13(5), 160-167.

- Gupta, A., Kumar, R., Pal, K., Singh, V., & Banerjee, P. K. (2008). Simultaneous quantification of six major polyphenols in sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) juice using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 21(3), 225-231.

1. Definition Cistus Ladaniferus Resin:

Cistus Ladaniferus Resin, also known as Rockrose resin or Labdanum, is a sticky, fragrant substance derived from the resin of the Cistus Ladaniferus plant. This resin has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and perfumery due to its aromatic properties and potential skincare benefits.

2. Use:

Cistus Ladaniferus Resin is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its ability to improve skin texture, reduce inflammation, and provide antioxidant protection. It is often included in formulations for anti-aging products, moisturizers, and serums to help promote skin health and rejuvenation.

3. Usage Cistus Ladaniferus Resin:

When using products containing Cistus Ladaniferus Resin, it is important to patch test first to check for any potential allergic reactions. As with any skincare ingredient, it is recommended to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using products with this resin.

4. References:

- Tattini, M., et al. (2000). Isoprenoids and phenylpropanoids are part of the antioxidant defense orchestrated daily by drought-stressed Platanus × acerifolia plants during Mediterranean summers. New Phytologist, 147(3), 605-615.

- Dall'Acqua, S., et al. (2016). Phytochemical analysis and in vitro biological activity of three Cistus essential oils. Natural Product Research, 30(18), 2041-2045.

- Tzakou, O., et al. (2001). The essential oil of Cistus creticus subsp. creticus from Greece. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 16(4), 259-261.

1. Definition Aniba Rosaeodora (Rosewood) Wood Oil:

Aniba Rosaeodora (Rosewood) Wood Oil is an essential oil derived from the wood of the Aniba Rosaeodora tree, native to the Amazon rainforest. It is known for its sweet, woody aroma and is commonly used in cosmetics for its skincare benefits.

2. Use:

Rosewood oil is used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is often included in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums to help calm and nourish the skin. Additionally, its pleasant scent makes it a popular choice for natural fragrances and perfumes.

3. Usage Aniba Rosaeodora (Rosewood) Wood Oil:

When using Rosewood oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil. It is recommended to do a patch test before applying it to the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Avoid using undiluted Rosewood oil directly on the skin, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is best to consult with a skincare professional or aromatherapist for guidance on the appropriate dilution ratio for your specific needs.

4. References:

- Baser, K. H. C., Buchbauer, G. (2016). Handbook of Essential Oils: Science, Technology, and Applications. CRC Press.

- Lawless, J. (2013). The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils: The Complete Guide to the Use of Aromatic Oils in Aromatherapy, Herbalism, Health, and Well Being. Conari Press.

- Tisserand, R., Young, R. (2014). Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Care Professionals. Churchill Livingstone.

1. Definition Cymbopogon Martini Oil:

Cymbopogon Martini Oil, also known as Palmarosa Oil, is an essential oil derived from the Cymbopogon Martini plant through steam distillation. It has a sweet, floral aroma with herbaceous undertones and is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-nourishing properties.

2. Use:

Cymbopogon Martini Oil is used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, balancing, and rejuvenating effects on the skin. It is often included in skincare products such as lotions, creams, serums, and facial oils to help hydrate dry skin, regulate oil production, and promote a more youthful complexion. Additionally, its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties make it beneficial for treating acne, eczema, and other skin conditions.

3. Usage Cymbopogon Martini Oil:

When using Cymbopogon Martini Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is highly concentrated. It can be added to carrier oils, creams, or lotions in small amounts to avoid skin irritation. Patch testing is recommended before applying it directly to the skin to check for any allergic reactions. It is also advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before using Cymbopogon Martini Oil, especially for individuals with sensitive skin or allergies.

4. References:

- "Palmarosa Oil: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects." Healthline, www.healthline.com/health/palmarosa-oil.

- "Palmarosa Essential Oil." AromaWeb, www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/palmarosa-oil.asp.

- "Palmarosa Oil." The Eco Well, www.theecowell.com/ingredients/palmarosa-oil.

1. Definition Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria):

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) is a species of chamomile plant that is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is known for its gentle nature and is often used in skincare products for sensitive skin.

2. Use:

Chamomilla Recutita is used in cosmetics for its calming and soothing effects on the skin. It is commonly found in products such as face creams, serums, and masks, where it helps to reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation. Chamomilla Recutita is also known for its antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from environmental stressors and promote a healthy complexion.

3. Usage Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria):

When using cosmetics containing Chamomilla Recutita, it is important to patch test the product first to ensure that you do not have an allergic reaction. It is generally considered safe for most skin types, including sensitive skin, but it is always best to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns. Chamomilla Recutita can be used daily as part of your skincare routine, and can be applied in the morning and evening after cleansing and toning.

4. References:

- Srivastava, J.K., Shankar, E., & Gupta, S. (2010). Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Molecular Medicine Reports, 3(6), 895-901.

- McKay, D.L., & Blumberg, J.B. (2006). A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita L.). Phytotherapy Research, 20(7), 519-530.

- Chaves, J.S., & Speranza, P. (2019). Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of Matricaria recutita L. (Asteraceae). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 31(3), 187-195.

1. Definition Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil:

Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil is a natural essential oil derived from the flowering tops and leaves of the Clary Sage plant. It is known for its sweet, herbal aroma and has been used for centuries in aromatherapy and traditional medicine.

2. Use:

Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and balancing properties. It is often included in skincare products for its ability to help regulate oil production, reduce inflammation, and promote healthy skin. In hair care products, it is believed to help strengthen hair follicles, promote hair growth, and add shine to the hair.

3. Usage Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil:

When using Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using it on the skin to check for any allergic reactions. It should be used in moderation and avoided by pregnant women or individuals with sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essential oils – A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(2), 446-475.

- Cavanagh, H. M., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.

- Silva, G. L., Luft, C., Lunardelli, A., Amaral, R. H., Melo, D. A., Donadio, M. V., & Nunes, F. B. (2015). Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of lavender essential oil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 87(2 Suppl), 1397-1408.

1. Definition Pogostemon Cablin Oil:

Pogostemon Cablin Oil, also known as Patchouli Oil, is an essential oil derived from the leaves of the Pogostemon cablin plant. It has a strong, earthy, and musky scent that is commonly used in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatherapy.

2. Use:

Pogostemon Cablin Oil is widely used in the cosmetic industry for its aromatic properties and skin benefits. It is often added to skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums for its ability to help soothe and rejuvenate the skin. The oil is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed to treat acne, eczema, and other skin conditions.

3. Usage Pogostemon Cablin Oil:

When using Pogostemon Cablin Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil. It is recommended to do a patch test before using the oil on a larger area of the skin to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, pregnant women and individuals with sensitive skin should consult with a healthcare professional before using products containing Pogostemon Cablin Oil.

4. References:

- Murbach Teles Andrade BF, Nunes Salgueiro P, et al. Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. J Ethnopharmacol. 2018;214:245-250.

- Cui H, Zhang X, et al. Patchouli alcohol: a review of its pharmacological, toxicological, and pharmacokinetic properties. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019;13:4271-4285.

- Ali B, Al-Wabel NA, et al. Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2015;5(8):601-611.

1. Definition Boswellia Carterii Oil:

Boswellia Carterii Oil, also known as Frankincense Oil, is a natural essential oil derived from the resin of the Boswellia Carterii tree. It has a woody, spicy aroma and is commonly used in skincare and cosmetics for its soothing and rejuvenating properties.

2. Use:

Boswellia Carterii Oil is used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and skin-healing properties. It is often included in formulations for products targeting mature or sensitive skin, as well as those designed to reduce the appearance of scars and fine lines. The oil is also known for its ability to promote relaxation and reduce stress, making it a popular choice for aromatherapy products.

3. Usage Boswellia Carterii Oil:

When using Boswellia Carterii Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is a potent essential oil. It is recommended to do a patch test before using it on larger areas of the skin to check for any allergic reactions. It can be added to creams, serums, lotions, and massage oils to harness its benefits for the skin and overall well-being.

4. References:

- Tisserand, R., & Young, R. (2014). Essential oil safety: A guide for health care professionals (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.

- Shah, G., Shri, R., Panchal, V., Sharma, N., Singh, B., & Mann, A. S. (2011). Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Boswellia serrata (Shallaki) - A review. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 10(4), 699-705.

- Al-Yasiry, A. R. M., & Kiczorowska, B. (2016). Frankincense - therapeutic properties. Advances in Hygiene & Experimental Medicine, 70, 380-391.

1. Definition Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Oil:

Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Oil is a natural essential oil extracted from the peel of grapefruits. It is known for its fresh, citrusy aroma and various beneficial properties for the skin.

2. Use:

Grapefruit oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its refreshing scent and potential skin benefits. It is often added to skincare products such as cleansers, toners, and moisturizers to help brighten and rejuvenate the skin. The oil can also be found in hair care products for its cleansing and purifying properties.

3. Usage Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Oil:

When using Grapefruit Oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is highly concentrated. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Avoid using grapefruit oil on sensitive or broken skin, as it may cause irritation. It is also important to store the oil in a cool, dark place to prevent it from oxidizing and losing its potency.

4. References:

- Garg, S. C., Siddiqui, N., & Thappa, R. K. (2001). The antimicrobial effects of essential oils and essential oil compounds towards Vibrio spp. Journal of Environmental Biology, 22(2), 67-69.

- Reuter, J., Huyke, C., Casetti, F., Theek, C., Frank, U., Augustin, M., & Schempp, C. (2010). Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. Journal of Dermal Science, 58(3), 156-161.

- Zeng, W. C., Zhang, Z., Gao, H., Jia, L. R., & He, Q. (2011). Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of essential oil from pine needle (Cedrus deodara). Journal of Food Science, 76(6), C884-C889.

1. Definition Cananga Odorata (Ylang Ylang):

Cananga Odorata, commonly known as Ylang Ylang, is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The tree produces highly fragrant flowers that are steam distilled to extract the essential oil, which is widely used in cosmetics for its sweet, exotic scent.

2. Use:

Ylang Ylang essential oil is known for its calming and balancing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products. It is often used in perfumes, lotions, creams, and hair oils to add a luxurious floral scent and promote relaxation and emotional well-being.

3. Usage Cananga Odorata (Ylang Ylang):

When using Ylang Ylang essential oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it can be quite potent. It is recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Ylang Ylang essential oil should not be ingested and should be kept out of reach of children.

4. References:

- Prashar A, Locke IC, Evans CS. Cytotoxicity of Ylang Ylang essential oil. Phytother Res. 2004;18(5):435-9.

- Hongratanaworakit T. Relaxing effect of Ylang Ylang oil on humans after transdermal absorption. Phytother Res. 2006;20(9):758-63.

- Buchbauer G, Jirovetz L, Jager W, Plank C, Dietrich H. Fragrance compounds and essential oils with sedative effects upon inhalation. J Pharm Sci. 1993;82(6):660-4.

1. Definition Pelargonium Graveolens (Rose Geranium):

Pelargonium Graveolens, commonly known as Rose Geranium, is a fragrant perennial plant with pink flowers that belongs to the Geraniaceae family. It is native to South Africa and is widely cultivated for its essential oil, which is used in various industries including cosmetics.

2. Use:

Rose Geranium essential oil is valued for its sweet, floral scent with a hint of citrus. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-balancing properties, making it suitable for both oily and dry skin types. The oil is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums.

3. Usage Pelargonium Graveolens (Rose Geranium):

When using Rose Geranium essential oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it is highly concentrated. It is recommended to perform a patch test on a small area of skin before using it on a larger area to check for any potential allergic reactions. Pregnant women and individuals with sensitive skin should consult a healthcare professional before using products containing Rose Geranium essential oil.

4. References:

- Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Jager, W., Plank, C., Dietrich, H. (1993). Fragrance compounds and essential oils with sedative effects upon inhalation. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 82(6), 660-664.

- Lis-Balchin, M. (1997). Aromatherapy Science: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. Pharmaceutical Press.

- Cavanagh, H. M. A., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.

1. Definition Algae:

Algae are a diverse group of aquatic organisms that range from single-celled microalgae to large seaweeds. They are rich in essential nutrients, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds that can benefit the skin.

2. Use:

Algae are commonly used in cosmetics for their moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties. They are often included in skincare products such as masks, serums, and creams to help improve skin hydration, reduce redness and inflammation, and promote collagen production.

3. Usage Algae:

When using algae-based cosmetics, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Some algae extracts may be sensitive to light and air, so it is recommended to store these products in a cool, dark place. Additionally, individuals with allergies to seafood or iodine should perform a patch test before using algae-based products to avoid any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Kim, S. K. (2016). Handbook of Marine Macroalgae: Biotechnology and Applied Phycology. John Wiley & Sons.

- Wang, H. M., Chen, C. Y., & Huynh, P. (2018). Cosmetic and Therapeutic Applications of Algae. CRC Press.

- Gacesa, R., & Dunlap, W. C. (2019). Introduction to the Algae: Structure and Reproduction. Cambridge University Press.

1. Definition Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange):

Citrus Nobilis, also known as Mandarin Orange, is a citrus fruit that belongs to the Rutaceae family. It is native to Southeast Asia and is widely cultivated in regions with warm climates. Mandarin Orange essential oil is extracted from the peel of the fruit and is commonly used in cosmetics for its refreshing and uplifting scent.

2. Use:

Mandarin Orange essential oil is known for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products. It is often used in facial cleansers, toners, and moisturizers to help improve the overall appearance of the skin. The oil is also used in hair care products to promote healthy hair growth and add shine to dull hair.

3. Usage Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange):

When using Mandarin Orange essential oil in cosmetics, it is important to dilute it properly as it can cause skin irritation if used in high concentrations. It is recommended to do a patch test before using products containing Mandarin Orange oil to check for any allergic reactions. Avoid using the oil near the eyes and mucous membranes, and consult a healthcare professional before using it if you are pregnant or have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Ali, B., Al-Wabel, N. A., Shams, S., Ahamad, A., & Khan, S. A. (2015). Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(8), 601-611.

- Reuter, J., Huyke, C., Casetti, F., Theek, C., Frank, U., Augustin, M., & Schempp, C. (2010). Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. Journal of Dermal Science, 58(3), 178-182.

- Cho, S., Lee, S., Lee, M. J., Lee, D. H., Won, C. H., Kim, S. M., & Chung, J. H. (2009). Dietary Aloe Vera supplementation improves facial wrinkles and elasticity and it increases the type I procollagen gene expression in human skin in vivo. Annals of Dermatology, 21(1), 6-11.

1. Definition Eriocephalus Punctulatus Oil:

Eriocephalus Punctulatus Oil, also known as Cape Chamomile Oil, is an essential oil derived from the flowers of the Eriocephalus punctulatus plant native to South Africa. It is known for its soothing and calming properties and is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits.

2. Use:

Eriocephalus Punctulatus Oil is used in cosmetics for its ability to soothe and calm the skin, making it ideal for sensitive or irritated skin. It is often found in products designed to reduce redness, inflammation, and signs of aging. The oil has a sweet, floral aroma that can also provide a relaxing and uplifting experience when used in aromatherapy.

3. Usage Eriocephalus Punctulatus Oil:

Eriocephalus Punctulatus Oil can be used in various cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It is typically added in small concentrations to avoid skin irritation. It can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with carrier oils for a more diluted application. It is important to perform a patch test before using the oil to ensure compatibility with your skin and to avoid any allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Van Vuuren, S.F., Kamatou, G.P.P., Viljoen, A.M. (2009). Volatile composition and antimicrobial activity of twenty commercial Cape Chamomile (Eriocephalus punctulatus) oils. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(2), 129-134.

- Manley, M., Van Vuuren, S.F., Viljoen, A.M. (2010). The in vitro antimicrobial activity of Eriocephalus punctulatus (Thunb.) Druce subsp. punctulatus essential oil. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 22(3), 266-270.

- Kamatou, G.P.P., Viljoen, A.M., Van Vuuren, S.F. (2008). An updated review of Adonis Aestivalis and Eriocephalus punctulatus. Natural Product Communications, 3(8), 1377-1382.