Name: Paul & Joe The Oil
Brand: Paul & Joe
Rating: 5 (6 reviews)

Olive Fruit Oil

Other Names: Olea Europaea Fruit; Olive Fruit

1. Definition Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil:

Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil is a natural oil extracted from the fruit of the olive tree. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids that help nourish and protect the skin.

2. Use:

Olive oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and emollient properties. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and body lotions. Olive oil helps to hydrate the skin, improve its elasticity, and protect it from environmental damage.

3. Usage Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil:

When using products containing Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. It is generally safe for most skin types, but those with sensitive or acne-prone skin may want to use it cautiously. Olive oil can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other ingredients in DIY skincare recipes.

4. References:

- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." Beginning Press.

- P. Konstantinidou, et al. (2010). "In vivo nutrigenomic effects of virgin olive oil polyphenols within the frame of the Mediterranean diet: a randomized controlled trial." The FASEB Journal.

- A. Ghanbari, et al. (2012). "Olive oil and cancer." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society.

Squalane

Other Names: Perhydrosqualene; Pripure 3759

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Refatting

1. Definition Squalane:

Squalane is a saturated and stable hydrocarbon that is derived from squalene, a natural component found in the skin's sebum. It is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and emollient properties.

2. Use:

Squalane is used in cosmetics and skincare products as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, serums, and oils to improve the skin's texture and appearance.

3. Usage Squalane:

Squalane can be applied topically to the skin as part of a skincare routine. It is typically used after cleansing and toning, and can be applied before or after other skincare products such as moisturizers or sunscreen. Squalane is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, and can help to improve the skin's hydration levels and overall health.

Precautions: While squalane is generally considered safe for topical use, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities. Additionally, individuals with specific skin conditions or concerns should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating squalane into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2005). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmeceuticals. Philadelphia: Saunders.

- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(4), 327-348.

Rice Bran Oil

Function: Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive

1. Definition Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil:

Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the outer layer of rice grains. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and haircare products.

2. Use:

Rice bran oil is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and nourishing properties. It helps to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a healthy scalp. Additionally, it has anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Oil:

Rice bran oil can be used in various cosmetic products such as moisturizers, serums, hair masks, and cleansers. It can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or mixed with other ingredients to create customized beauty treatments. When using rice bran oil, it is important to perform a patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It should be stored in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to maintain its efficacy.

4. References:

- Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2017). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1), 70.

- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1(4), 327-348.

- Rizwan, M., Rodriguez-Blanco, I., Harbottle, A., Birch-Machin, M. A., & Watson, R. E. B. (2013). Skin photodamage: how the skin can protect itself. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 12(4), 247-253.

Decyltetradecanol

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Decyltetradecanol:

Decyltetradecanol is a fatty alcohol derived from natural sources such as coconut oil or palm oil. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and emulsifier due to its ability to soften and smooth the skin.

2. Use:

Decyltetradecanol is often included in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide hydration and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to lock in moisture and create a protective barrier on the skin's surface, leaving it feeling soft and supple.

3. Usage Decyltetradecanol:

When using products containing Decyltetradecanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for topical application, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also advisable to avoid using products with Decyltetradecanol on broken or irritated skin.

4. References:

- "Decyltetradecanol" in Cosmetics Info, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/decyltetradecanol

- "Safety Assessment of Fatty Alcohols as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/fattyalcs0114slr.pdf

- "Formulation and Evaluation of Decyltetradecanol-based Creams for Topical Delivery of Ibuprofen" by S. S. Patil et al., International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, https://www.ijppsjournal.com/Vol3Issue4/2752.pdf

Dilauroyl

Ingredient data is being updated. Please check back later.

Glutamic Acid (Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl)

Function: Fragrance, Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Antistatic Agent

1. Definition Glutamic Acid:

Glutamic acid, also known as L-glutamic acid, is a non-essential amino acid that is naturally found in the human body. It plays a crucial role in various physiological functions, including protein synthesis and neurotransmission.

2. Use:

Glutamic acid is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin conditioning and moisturizing properties. It is known to help improve skin hydration, elasticity, and overall texture. Additionally, glutamic acid is believed to have antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.

3. Usage Glutamic Acid:

Glutamic acid is typically found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and anti-aging treatments. It is safe for topical application, but it is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided by the product manufacturer. As with any skincare ingredient, it is advisable to perform a patch test before using a product containing glutamic acid to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Yoon HS, Kim JY, Kim MH, Kim KH, Lee DH, Lee AY. The effects of glutamic acid on the skin condition. Ann Dermatol. 2014 Dec;26(6):723-8.

- Lee YB, Kim HR, Kim SY, Kim YC. Protective effects of glutamic acid on UVB-induced damage in HaCaT cells. Mol Med Rep. 2017 Jun;15(6):4135-4140.

- Lin TK, Lin CH, Chou P, Shih YJ. The anti-inflammatory effects of L-glutamic acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. Food Funct. 2016 Aug 10;7(8):3472-3478.

Dilinoleic Acid

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Dilinoleic Acid:

Dilinoleic Acid is a type of fatty acid that is derived from linoleic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and conditioning properties.

2. Use:

Dilinoleic Acid is often used in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, and creams due to its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin. It is also used in hair care products to help improve the overall health and appearance of the hair.

3. Usage Dilinoleic Acid:

Dilinoleic Acid is typically found in small concentrations in cosmetic products, as it is a potent ingredient that can provide significant benefits to the skin and hair. It is important to follow the recommended usage instructions provided on the product packaging to avoid any potential adverse reactions.

Precautions: While Dilinoleic Acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Dilinoleic Acid to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- "Fatty Acids in Cosmetics: Properties, Uses, and Health Benefits" by Elham Fakhri, et al. (2018)

- "Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology" edited by André O. Barel, et al. (2014)

- "Cosmeceuticals and Active Cosmetics" edited by Raja K. Sivamani, et al. (2015)

Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Binding

1. Definition Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate:

Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate is a synthetic compound that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent. It is derived from the reaction of dilinoleic acid with isostearic acid, resulting in a dimer molecule with two linoleic acid chains.

2. Use:

Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate is primarily used in cosmetic formulations as a thickening agent and emollient. It helps to improve the texture of products and provide a smooth, soft feel to the skin. It is often found in lipsticks, lip balms, moisturizers, and other skincare products.

3. Usage Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate:

When using products containing Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products with this ingredient. As with any cosmetic ingredient, if irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.

4. References:

- "Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate" - CosmeticsInfo.org

- "Safety Assessment of Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate as Used in Cosmetics" - Cosmetic Ingredient Review

- "Formulation and Evaluation of Lipstick Containing Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate" - ResearchGate

Ascorbic Acid

Other Names: vitamin c; vit c; l-ascorbic acid

Function: Masking, pH adjusting agent, Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant, Flavoring Agent, Phadjuster

1. Definition Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C):

Ascorbic Acid, also known as Vitamin C, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the growth and repair of tissues in the body. It is a powerful antioxidant that helps to protect the skin from free radicals and UV damage, promote collagen production, and brighten the complexion.

2. Use:

Ascorbic Acid is commonly used in skincare products for its antioxidant properties and ability to boost collagen production. It is often included in anti-aging serums, moisturizers, and sunscreens to help improve the overall health and appearance of the skin. Ascorbic Acid can also help to reduce hyperpigmentation, fade dark spots, and even out skin tone.

3. Usage Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C):

When using products containing Ascorbic Acid, it is important to start with a lower concentration to avoid irritation, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is recommended to apply Vitamin C products in the morning before sunscreen to help protect the skin from environmental damage. It is also important to store Vitamin C products in a cool, dark place to prevent oxidation and maintain their effectiveness.

4. References:

- Al-Niaimi, F., & Chiang, N. (2017). Topical Vitamin C and the Skin: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Applications. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 10(7), 14–17.

- Telang, P. S. (2013). Vitamin C in dermatology. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 4(2), 143–146.

- Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017). The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health. Nutrients, 9(8), 866.

Tocopherol

Other Names: Tocopherol; Vit E; vitamin E; α-Tocopherol; Alpha-tocopherol

1. Definition Tocopherol:

Tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its antioxidant properties. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopherol is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, as well as to protect it from UV damage. It is often included in anti-aging products due to its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Tocopherol is also known for its soothing and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Tocopherol:

Tocopherol can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, eye creams, and sunscreens. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is important to patch test products containing tocopherol before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Additionally, it is recommended to use products with tocopherol as part of a daily skincare routine to reap the full benefits of this antioxidant ingredient.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Bht

Other Names: Di-Butyl Hydroxy Toluene; BHT; Dibutylhydroxytoluene; Butylated hydroxytoluene

Function: Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant

1. Definition Bht:

Bht, or Butylated Hydroxytoluene, is a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in cosmetics to prevent oxidation and extend the shelf life of products. It is a white, crystalline powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in fats and oils.

2. Use:

Bht is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the degradation of oils and fats in formulations. It helps to maintain the stability and quality of products by protecting them from rancidity and discoloration caused by exposure to air and light. Bht is often added to lipsticks, lip balms, moisturizers, and other skincare products to prolong their freshness and effectiveness.

3. Usage Bht:

When using cosmetics containing Bht, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for application. It is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin or allergies may want to perform a patch test before using products containing Bht. It is recommended to store Bht-containing products in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (1988). Final report on the safety assessment of BHT. International journal of toxicology, 7(5), 669-735.

- Food and Drug Administration. (2021). CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.110

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 31404, Butylated hydroxytoluene. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylated-hydroxytoluene

Fragrance

Other Names: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume

Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant

1. Definition Fragrance:

Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.

2. Use:

Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.

3. Usage Fragrance:

When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.

4. References:

- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.

- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.

- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.

EWG	CIR	Ingredient Name & Cosmetic Function	Notes
1	A	Olive Fruit Oil	Fungal Acne Trigger
1	A	Squalane (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Refatting)
1 2	A	Rice Bran Oil (Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1	-	Decyltetradecanol (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling)
-	-	Dilauroyl
1	A	Glutamic Acid (Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl) (Fragrance, Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Antistatic Agent)
1	-	Dilinoleic Acid (Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
1	-	Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning, Binding)
1	A	Ascorbic Acid (Masking, pH adjusting agent, Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant, Flavoring Agent, Phadjuster)	Good for dry skin Anti Aging Brightening
1	-	Tocopherol	Good for dry skin Anti Aging
3	A	Bht (Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant)
8	-	Fragrance (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant)	Fragrance-free

Paul & Joe The Oil

Ingredients

Analysis results of Ingredients

Ingredient List

Paul & Joe The Oil - Ingredient Explanation

Olive Fruit Oil

Squalane

Rice Bran Oil

Decyltetradecanol

Dilauroyl

Glutamic Acid (Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl)

Dilinoleic Acid

Dimer Dilinoleyl Diisostearate

Ascorbic Acid

Tocopherol

Bht

Fragrance

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Paul & Joe The Oil

Ingredients

Analysis results of Ingredients

Ingredient List

Paul & Joe The Oil - Ingredient Explanation

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