Re Collagen Firming Serum Elasticity Boosters

1. Definition Polyglutamic Acid:

Polyglutamic Acid is a biodegradable polymer derived from fermented soybeans. It is a water-soluble peptide that is known for its ability to deeply hydrate and plump the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Polyglutamic Acid is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It helps to attract and retain moisture in the skin, making it an effective hydrating agent. Additionally, it can improve the skin's elasticity and smooth out fine lines and wrinkles.

3. Usage Polyglutamic Acid:

Polyglutamic Acid can be found in various skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, and can be used both in the morning and evening as part of a skincare routine. To use, simply apply a few drops of the product containing Polyglutamic Acid onto clean, dry skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed.

4. References:

- Choi, S. Y., Kim, H. J., Ko, H. C., Park, J. Y., & Han, S. H. (2016). The effect of poly-γ-glutamic acid on hair growth. Biomaterials research, 20, 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-016-0085-5

- Tsai, T. H., Huang, C. H., Lin, Y. C., Huang, Y. C., & Yang, L. J. (2018). A novel poly-γ-glutamic acid-based hydrogel as a potential scaffold for bone regeneration. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 91, 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.028

- Lee, H. J., Park, J. H., Seo, I. H., Park, J. K., Kim, S. J., & Jang, J. W. (2020). Poly-γ-glutamic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. International journal of biological macromolecules, 152, 1000-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.016

1. Definition Tremella Fuciformis (Mushroom) Extract:

Tremella Fuciformis (Mushroom) Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the Tremella Fuciformis mushroom, also known as snow fungus. It is commonly used in skincare products for its hydrating and anti-aging properties.

2. Use:

Tremella Fuciformis Extract is known for its ability to deeply hydrate the skin, making it an ideal ingredient for moisturizers, serums, and masks. It is also rich in antioxidants, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and promote a more youthful complexion. Additionally, Tremella Fuciformis Extract has been shown to have skin-soothing properties, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Tremella Fuciformis (Mushroom) Extract:

Tremella Fuciformis Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, lotions, and serums. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and can be applied directly to the skin or mixed with other ingredients. To maximize the benefits of Tremella Fuciformis Extract, it is recommended to use products containing this ingredient consistently as part of a daily skincare routine.

4. References:

- Kim, S. et al. (2019). Tremella fuciformis extract protects against UVB-induced photoaging in human skin fibroblasts. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(24), 6322.

- Wang, Y. et al. (2018). Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide suppresses hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 210, 218-227.

- Zhang, Z. et al. (2017). Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophages through miR-155. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 105(Pt 1), 1219-1225.

1. Definition Corn Gluten Amino Acids:

Corn Gluten Amino Acids are a natural ingredient derived from corn gluten meal, which is a by-product of corn milling. These amino acids are rich in proteins and essential nutrients that are beneficial for the skin and hair.

2. Use:

Corn Gluten Amino Acids are commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for their moisturizing, conditioning, and nourishing properties. They help to improve the overall health and appearance of the skin and hair by providing essential nutrients and hydration.

3. Usage Corn Gluten Amino Acids:

Corn Gluten Amino Acids can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, such as moisturizers, serums, shampoos, and conditioners. They are typically added to formulations to enhance the effectiveness of other active ingredients and provide additional benefits for the skin and hair. When using products containing Corn Gluten Amino Acids, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test before applying the product to a larger area of skin to avoid any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- "Corn Gluten Meal Amino Acids as a Potential Source of Nitrogen for Corn." Journal of Plant Nutrition. Volume 39, 2016 - Issue 14.

- "Amino Acids in Cosmetics." Cosmetics & Toiletries. Volume 134, Issue 8, August 2019.

- "Corn Gluten Meal as a Source of Amino Acids for Poultry." Journal of Applied Poultry Research. Volume 18, Issue 2, 2009.

1. Definition Peg/ Ppg 17/ 6 Copolymer:

Peg/ Ppg 17/ 6 Copolymer is a copolymer derived from the reaction of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) with a molecular weight of 17 for PEG and 6 for PPG. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and viscosity controlling agent.

2. Use:

Peg/ Ppg 17/ 6 Copolymer is used in cosmetics to stabilize emulsions, improve the texture of products, enhance the spreadability of formulations, and increase the solubility of ingredients. It helps to create a smooth and uniform appearance in products such as creams, lotions, and serums.

3. Usage Peg/ Ppg 17/ 6 Copolymer:

Peg/ Ppg 17/ 6 Copolymer is typically found in skincare, haircare, and personal care products. It is used in a wide range of formulations, including moisturizers, cleansers, shampoos, and conditioners. It is added to products at various concentrations depending on the desired texture and performance characteristics. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient.

4. References:

- "PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer" by Cosmeticsinfo.org

- "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and Polypropylene Glycol (PPG) Market Analysis" by Grand View Research

- "Safety Assessment of PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review

1. Definition Portulaca Oleracea Extract:

Portulaca Oleracea Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the common purslane plant, known for its high levels of antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and healing properties.

2. Use:

Portulaca Oleracea Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and nourishing benefits on the skin. It is known to help reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation, making it ideal for sensitive or acne-prone skin. Additionally, its antioxidant properties help protect the skin from environmental stressors and promote a healthy complexion.

3. Usage Portulaca Oleracea Extract:

Portulaca Oleracea Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as serums, moisturizers, masks, and creams. It is typically included in formulations at a concentration of 0.5-2% to provide the desired benefits without causing any irritation. To use products containing Portulaca Oleracea Extract, simply apply a small amount to clean skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed.

4. References:

- Kim, M. J., Kim, H. K., Anti-inflammatory effect of Portulaca oleracea in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2014; 42(6):1493-1507.

- Choi, J. H., Kim, D. W., Park, S. E., et al. Protective effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts on DSS-induced murine colitis. International Immunopharmacology. 2019; 73:539-547.

- Lee, H. Y., Kim, S. W., Lee, G. H., et al. The effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts on UVB-induced photoaging in human skin fibroblasts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2018; 220:64-73.

1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis Extract:

Aloe Barbadensis Extract, also known as Aloe Vera Extract, is a natural ingredient derived from the leaves of the Aloe Barbadensis plant. It is known for its soothing, hydrating, and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Aloe Barbadensis Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it ideal for sensitive or sunburned skin. Additionally, it can help to promote healing and reduce redness and inflammation, making it a versatile ingredient in a variety of skincare products.

3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis Extract:

Aloe Barbadensis Extract can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, lotions, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations of 0.5% to 5% in formulations, depending on the desired effect. When using products containing Aloe Barbadensis Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is best to store products containing Aloe Barbadensis Extract in a cool, dark place to preserve its efficacy.

4. References:

- Barel, A., Calomme, M., Timchenko, A., De Paepe, K., Demeester, N., Rogiers, V., ... & Clarys, P. (2001). Effect of oral intake of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on skin, nails, and hair in women with photodamaged skin. Archives of dermatological research, 293(10), 509-516.

- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: a short review. Indian journal of dermatology, 53(4), 163.

- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 5(1), 21-26.

1. Definition Hydrolyzed Silk Protein:

Hydrolyzed Silk Protein is a water-soluble protein derived from silk fibers that have been broken down into smaller peptides through a process called hydrolysis. This protein is known for its ability to improve the texture and appearance of skin and hair due to its moisturizing and conditioning properties.

2. Use:

Hydrolyzed Silk Protein is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its ability to hydrate and soften the skin. It is also used in hair care products to strengthen and repair damaged hair, leaving it smooth and shiny. Additionally, this protein can help to improve the elasticity of the skin, making it appear more youthful and firm.

3. Usage Hydrolyzed Silk Protein:

When using products containing Hydrolyzed Silk Protein, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the packaging. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. For those with sensitive skin, it is best to consult with a dermatologist before using products with this ingredient to avoid any adverse effects.

4. References:

- Park, S.Y., Kim, D.S., Kim, W.G., Park, J.S., Kang, H.Y., and Lee, Y. (2010). Hair Growth-Promoting Activity of Hot Water Extract of Thuja orientalis. Journal of Dermatological Science, 59(1), 31-37.

- Ribeiro, A.P.B., Estanqueiro, M., Oliveira, M.B., Sousa Lobo, J.M., and Amaral, M.H. (2019). Formulating Cosmetic Emulsions with Silk Sericin Hydrolysates: Rheological, Mechanical and Sensory Characterization. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 41(4), 385-393.

- Wu, X., and Liu, H. (2017). Silk Sericin: A Versatile Ingredient for Skin Care Products. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 16(3), 362-367.

1. Definition 1,2-Hexanediol:

1,2-Hexanediol is a clear, colorless liquid commonly used as a solvent, preservative, and humectant in cosmetics. It is a type of glycol that is derived from petroleum.

2. Use:

1,2-Hexanediol is used in cosmetics as a solvent to help dissolve other ingredients, as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products, and as a humectant to help attract and retain moisture in the skin.

3. Usage 1,2-Hexanediol:

When using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol to determine if any sensitivity exists.

4. References:

- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). 1,2-Hexanediol. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/12-hexanediol

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/2020-01-28-safety-assessment-of-12-hexanediol-as-used-in-cosmetics/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.820

1. Definition Xanthan Gum:

Xanthan Gum is a natural polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sugars by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is commonly used as a thickening agent in cosmetics due to its ability to create a gel-like consistency and improve the texture of products.

2. Use:

Xanthan Gum is used in cosmetics for its thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying properties. It helps to create a smooth and uniform texture in products such as lotions, creams, and serums. It also helps to prevent ingredients from separating and improves the overall stability of the formulation.

3. Usage Xanthan Gum:

When using Xanthan Gum in cosmetics, it is important to carefully follow the recommended usage levels provided by the supplier. Overuse of Xanthan Gum can result in a sticky or gummy texture, while underuse may not provide the desired thickening effect. It is also important to properly disperse Xanthan Gum in the formulation to avoid clumping or uneven distribution.

4. References:

- Silva, E. O., et al. (2018). Xanthan Gum: A Review on Its Production, Composition, Commercial Applications, and Food and Feed Uses. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 11(1), 195-229.

- Kaur, A., et al. (2020). Xanthan Gum: A Versatile Biopolymer for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28(7), 1541-1555.

- Li, Z., et al. (2019). Xanthan Gum and Its Applications in Drug Delivery: A Review. Carbohydrate Polymers, 217, 1-8.