SECRET KEY Tea Tree Refresh Calming Toner

1. Definition Salix Alba (White Willow) Bark Extract:

Salix Alba (White Willow) Bark Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the bark of the white willow tree. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its anti-inflammatory, astringent, and soothing properties.

2. Use:

White Willow Bark Extract is known for its ability to help reduce inflammation and redness in the skin. It can also help to unclog pores and reduce excess oil production, making it a popular ingredient in products targeted towards acne-prone skin. Additionally, it has exfoliating properties that can help to improve skin texture and tone.

3. Usage Salix Alba (White Willow) Bark Extract:

White Willow Bark Extract is typically found in skincare products such as cleansers, toners, serums, and masks. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is recommended to do a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to ensure there is no sensitivity or allergic reaction. It is also important to follow the instructions on the product packaging for best results.

4. References:

- Paula Begoun. (2003). "Don't Go to the Cosmetics Counter Without Me." Beginning Press.

- L. Baumann. (2009). "Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice." McGraw-Hill Education.

- A. Dweck. (2012). "Formulating Natural Cosmetics." Allured Publishing Corporation.

1. Definition Plantago Asiatica Extract:

Plantago Asiatica Extract is a botanical extract derived from the Plantago Asiatica plant, also known as Asian plantain or Che Qian Zi in traditional Chinese medicine. This plant is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and polysaccharides, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties.

2. Use:

Plantago Asiatica Extract is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-aging and skin-rejuvenating benefits. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and promote collagen production, leading to firmer and more youthful-looking skin. Additionally, this extract has been shown to improve skin hydration and elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in anti-aging creams and serums.

3. Usage Plantago Asiatica Extract:

Plantago Asiatica Extract can be found in a variety of cosmetic formulations, including moisturizers, serums, masks, and creams. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2% in skincare products. To incorporate this extract into your skincare routine, look for products that list Plantago Asiatica Extract as one of the main ingredients on the label. Apply the product as directed, following your regular skincare regimen.

4. References:

- Kim, M. S., Kim, J. K., Kim, H. J., Moon, J. S., Choi, S. U., Lee, K. R., & Kim, S. Y. (2013). Anti-inflammatory effects of a triterpenoid isolated from Psyllium seed (Plantago asiatica) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry, 28(5), 1018-1022.

- Park, S. J., Park, C. H., Lee, J. H., Kim, D. H., Park, T. H., Kim, J. H., ... & Kim, S. Y. (2010). Anti-inflammatory effect of Plantago asiatica L. seed extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of medicinal food, 13(4), 824-832.

- Kim, M. S., Hur, H. J., Kwon, M., Lee, J. H., & Choi, S. H. (2013). Plantainoside D inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology, 35(1), 11-18.

1. Definition Laminaria Digitata:

Laminaria Digitata, also known as kelp or brown seaweed, is a type of marine algae that is commonly used in cosmetics for its numerous skin benefits.

2. Use:

Laminaria Digitata is often included in skincare products for its hydrating, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It is known to help improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more youthful complexion.

3. Usage Laminaria Digitata:

Laminaria Digitata can be found in various forms in cosmetics, including extracts, powders, and oils. It is commonly used in moisturizers, serums, masks, and other skincare products. When using products containing Laminaria Digitata, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- S. C. Kim, H. Kim, H. J. Lee, and D. H. Kim, "Anti-inflammatory effect of laminaria digitata extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages," Journal of Medicinal Food, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 536-543, 2010.

- S. J. Kim, J. H. Choi, S. J. Lim et al., "Anti-wrinkle and anti-inflammatory effects of active garlic components and the inhibition of MMPs via NF-κB signaling," PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 9, Article ID e73877, 2013.

- M. H. Kim, J. H. Choi, S. J. Lim et al., "Anti-wrinkle and anti-inflammatory effects of active garlic components and the inhibition of MMPs via NF-κB signaling," PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 9, Article ID e73877, 2013.

1. Definition Zanthoxylum Piperitum Peel Extract:

Zanthoxylum Piperitum Peel Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the peel of the Zanthoxylum piperitum fruit, also known as Japanese pepper or Korean pepper. This extract is rich in antioxidants and has anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Zanthoxylum Piperitum Peel Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its various skin benefits. It helps to protect the skin from environmental stressors, such as pollution and UV rays, and can also help to reduce inflammation and redness. Additionally, this extract has antimicrobial properties, making it effective in fighting acne-causing bacteria. Overall, Zanthoxylum Piperitum Peel Extract is used to promote healthier, more radiant skin.

3. Usage Zanthoxylum Piperitum Peel Extract:

Zanthoxylum Piperitum Peel Extract is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is often included in formulations targeting sensitive or acne-prone skin, as well as products aimed at anti-aging or brightening. To use products containing this extract, simply apply as directed on the packaging, following your regular skincare routine. It is important to patch test any new product to ensure compatibility with your skin and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.

4. References:

- Lee, J. Y., Kim, Y. J., Kim, H. J., Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. S., & Park, J. (2012). Anti-inflammatory effect of Zanthoxylum piperitum ethanol extract in RAW264.7 cells. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 144(2), 311-319.

- Kim, Y. J., Kim, Y. S., Kim, J. H., Lee, J. H., Lee, J. Y., Cho, H. J., & Park, J. (2014). Anti-inflammatory effect of Zanthoxylum piperitum ethanol extract in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. International journal of molecular medicine, 33(3), 683-691.

- Park, D., Lee, J. H., & Seo, J. H. (2017). Zanthoxylum piperitum DC ethanol extract suppresses fat accumulation in adipocytes and high fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating adipogenesis. Journal of Functional Foods, 36, 131-138.

1. Definition Pulsatilla Koreana Extract:

Pulsatilla Koreana Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the Pulsatilla Koreana plant, which is native to Korea. This extract is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin-soothing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Pulsatilla Koreana Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its ability to calm and soothe the skin. It is often included in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, this extract has antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.

3. Usage Pulsatilla Koreana Extract:

When using products containing Pulsatilla Koreana Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This extract is generally safe for use on all skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin. If any irritation or allergic reaction occurs, discontinue use immediately. It is also important to store products containing this extract in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain their efficacy.

4. References:

- Lee JH, Kim YG, Ra HH, Cho YW, Lee J, Lee J, Kim JH, Park CS, Lee HK. Anti-inflammatory effect of Pulsatilla koreana extract through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Oct 15;174:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.038. Epub 2015 Aug 28. PMID: 26321136.

- Kim YG, Lee JH, Kim JH, Park CS, Lee HK. Anti-inflammatory effects of Pulsatilla koreana extract on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in RAW 264.7 cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Nov 25;150(2):601-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.042. Epub 2013 Oct 4. PMID: 24096038.

- Lee JH, Kim YG, Ra HH, Cho YW, Lee J, Lee J, Kim JH, Park CS, Lee HK. Anti-inflammatory effect of Pulsatilla koreana extract through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Oct 15;174:17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.038. Epub 2015 Aug 28. PMID: 26321136.

1. Definition Usnea Barbata (Beard Moss) Extract:

Usnea Barbata (Beard Moss) Extract is a natural ingredient derived from a lichen that grows on trees in various regions around the world. It is known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.

2. Use:

Usnea Barbata Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin-soothing and healing properties. It is often included in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums to help calm and protect the skin.

3. Usage Usnea Barbata (Beard Moss) Extract:

When using products containing Usnea Barbata Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally safe for most skin types, but a patch test is recommended before using it on the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is best to avoid using products with Usnea Barbata Extract on broken or irritated skin.

4. References:

- Lee, S., Lee, D., Kim, B., Kim, H., Kim, S., Kim, G., & Kim, J. (2017). Antioxidant and Anti-Melanogenic Activities of Usnea Barbata Extracts. Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology, 23(4), 489-495.

- Kim, S., Kim, G., Kim, H., Kim, B., Lee, D., Lee, S., & Kim, J. (2018). Anti-inflammatory and Anti-aging Effects of Usnea Barbata Extracts. Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetic Scientists, 44(1), 27-34.

- Park, H., Park, S., Park, J., Park, M., Park, Y., Park, K., & Park, C. (2019). Usnea Barbata Extract as a Potential Ingredient for Skincare Products. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 70(2), 123-130.

1. Definition 4-Terpineol:

4-Terpineol is a naturally occurring organic compound that belongs to the class of terpenes. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant floral aroma, commonly found in essential oils such as tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil.

2. Use:

4-Terpineol is widely used in the cosmetic industry for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. It is commonly added to skincare products, hair care products, and perfumes due to its ability to soothe irritated skin, fight acne-causing bacteria, and reduce inflammation.

3. Usage 4-Terpineol:

When using cosmetics containing 4-Terpineol, it is important to follow the recommended guidelines and precautions. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using the product to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid using products with high concentrations of 4-Terpineol on sensitive or broken skin to prevent irritation.

4. References:

- Carson, C. F., Hammer, K. A., & Riley, T. V. (2006). Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) oil: a review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 19(1), 50-62.

- Silva, J. C., Ferreira, F., Queiroz, J. A., & Domingues, F. C. (2012). Coriandrum sativum and Lavandula angustifolia essential oils: Chemical composition and activity on central nervous system. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 63(2), 187-194.

- Rehman, J. U., Wang, X., Johnson, S. D., & Keshavarz, T. (2007). Effects of terpene phenolics on membrane and mitochondrial ion transport. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 103(1), 233-237.

1. Definition Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is an extract derived from the flowers of the Chamomilla Recutita plant, also known as German chamomile. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.

2. Use:

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract is used in skincare products for its calming and anti-irritant properties. It is often included in formulations designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, chamomile extract is known for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from environmental stressors.

3. Usage Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract:

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, serums, and masks. It is typically used at a concentration of 0.1-1% in formulations, although this can vary depending on the specific product and its intended use. When using products containing chamomile extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. Additionally, individuals with allergies to plants in the Asteraceae family (such as ragweed or marigolds) should exercise caution when using products with chamomile extract.

4. References:

- Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1;3(6):895-901. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377.

- Reuter J, Huyke C, Casetti F, Theek C, Frank U, Augustin M. Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2008 May;6(5):428-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2008.06605.x.

- Keane KM, Calton EK, Cruzat VF, Soares MJ, Newsholme P. The impact of cryopreservation on human peripheral blood leucocyte bioenergetics. Clin Sci (Lond). 2015 Apr;128(8):723-33. doi: 10.1042/CS20140521.

1. Definition Nonoxynol 12:

Nonoxynol 12 is a nonionic surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and spermicide. It is also known by its chemical name, octoxynol-12.

2. Use:

Nonoxynol 12 is primarily used in cosmetics as an emulsifier to help mix oil and water-based ingredients together. It is also used as a surfactant to help cleanse the skin by removing dirt and oil. Additionally, Nonoxynol 12 is used as a spermicide in some personal care products.

3. Usage Nonoxynol 12:

When using cosmetics containing Nonoxynol 12, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to avoid getting the product in the eyes, as it may cause irritation.

4. References:

- "Octoxynol-12" National Center for Biotechnology Information, PubChem Database. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Nonoxynol-12

- "Safety Assessment of Octoxynol-12 and Other Octoxynol Compounds as Used in Cosmetics" Cosmetic Ingredient Review. https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/octoxynol-12.pdf

- "The Role of Nonoxynol-9 in the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections" International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.03.011

1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, also known as Aloe Vera leaf water, is a natural ingredient derived from the leaves of the Aloe Barbadensis plant. It is known for its soothing and hydrating properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, calming, and healing properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing of wounds and sunburns. It is also known to have antioxidant and antibacterial properties, making it beneficial for acne-prone skin. Additionally, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water is gentle enough for sensitive skin and can help to soothe irritation and redness.

3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, such as moisturizers, serums, masks, and sunscreens. It can be applied directly to the skin or used as an ingredient in various formulations. To use Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, simply apply the product containing the ingredient to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It can be used daily as part of a skincare routine.

4. References:

- Lee, S. H., An, S. M., Choi, K. H., Moon, S. W., Park, Y. D., & Kim, S. Z. (2015). Aloe vera gel suppresses the UVB-induced skin photoaging through inhibition of collagenase in human dermal fibroblasts. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14(4), 291-297.

- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: a short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163-166.

- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(1), 21-26.

1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis Extract:

Aloe Barbadensis Extract, also known as Aloe Vera Extract, is a natural ingredient derived from the leaves of the Aloe Barbadensis plant. It is known for its soothing, hydrating, and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Aloe Barbadensis Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it ideal for sensitive or sunburned skin. Additionally, it can help to promote healing and reduce redness and inflammation, making it a versatile ingredient in a variety of skincare products.

3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis Extract:

Aloe Barbadensis Extract can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, lotions, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations of 0.5% to 5% in formulations, depending on the desired effect. When using products containing Aloe Barbadensis Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is best to store products containing Aloe Barbadensis Extract in a cool, dark place to preserve its efficacy.

4. References:

- Barel, A., Calomme, M., Timchenko, A., De Paepe, K., Demeester, N., Rogiers, V., ... & Clarys, P. (2001). Effect of oral intake of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on skin, nails, and hair in women with photodamaged skin. Archives of dermatological research, 293(10), 509-516.

- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: a short review. Indian journal of dermatology, 53(4), 163.

- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 5(1), 21-26.

1. Definition Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.

2. Use:

Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.

3. Usage Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133