Ingredients list The Creme Shop Hello Kitty 24/7 Hydration ...

EWG	CIR	Ingredient name & cosmetic function	Notes
1		Aqua (Water) (Solvent)
1 2	A	Glycerin (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant )	Good for dry skin
1	A	Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride (Solvent, Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Emollient)
		Cetyl Ethyl Hexanoate
1	A	Glyceryl Stearate (Emollient, Emulsifying)	Fungal Acne Trigger
	A	Hydrogenated Poly [C6-14 Olefin] (Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling)
1	A	Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter	Bad for oily skin Fungal Acne Trigger
1	A	Cetearyl Alcohol (Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous)
3	B	Polysorbate 60 (Emulsifying, Surfactant)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1 3	A	Peg 100 Stearate (Surfactant)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1	A	Squalane (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Refatting)
1	A	Sorbitan Stearate (Fragrance, Emulsifying, Surfactant)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1 3	A	Dimethicone (Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antifoaming Agent)	Silicone
1	A	Arginine (Skin Conditioning, Masking, Fragrance, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning)
1	A	Carbomer (Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Gel Forming)
2	A	Ethylhexylglycerin (Deodorant, Skin Conditioning)
1	A	Allantoin (Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Soothing)	Good for sensitive skin Good for oily skin
1		Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil (Emollient)	Fungal Acne Trigger
1	A	Panthenol (Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent)	Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing
2 3	A	Tocopheryl Acetate (Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant)	Anti Aging
1	A	Disodium Edta (Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling)
1	A	1,2-Hexanediol (Solvent)
1	A	Sodium Hyaluronate (Humectant, Skin Conditioning)	Good for dry skin Promotes Wound Healing
1		Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Extract (Fragrance)
1		Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate (Humectant, Film Forming)
1		Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract (Tonic)
1	B	Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract (Masking, Deodorant, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Occlusive, Refreshing)
1		Salvia Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1		Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract (Skin Conditioning)
2	B	Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract (Cosmetic Biocide)
1		Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract (Masking, Skin Conditioning, Astringent, Tonic)
1		Tocopherol	Good for dry skin Anti Aging
1		Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid (Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning)	Promotes Wound Healing
1		Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate (Humectant)
1	A	Hyaluronic Acid (Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising)	Promotes Wound Healing
1		Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate (Skin Conditioning)	Promotes Wound Healing Good for dry skin
1		Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer (Skin Conditioning, Humectant)
1		Potassium Hyaluronate (Skin Conditioning)
2 4	A	Phenoxyethanol (Fragrance, Preservative)
8		Fragrance (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant)	Good for dry skin

Aqua (Water)

Other name: Aqua; H2O; Eau; Aqueous; Acqua

Function: Solvent

1. Definition Water:

Water is a common ingredient in cosmetics, used as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, as a carrier for active ingredients, and to provide hydration and moisture to the skin.

2. Use:

Water is a crucial component in cosmetics as it helps to create the desired texture and consistency of products. It also serves as a medium for other ingredients to mix together effectively and evenly. Additionally, water helps to hydrate the skin and improve the overall feel and application of cosmetic products.

3. Usage Water:

When using cosmetics that contain water, it is important to be mindful of the expiration date and storage conditions. Water-based products are susceptible to bacterial growth, so it is essential to avoid contaminating the product by using clean hands or tools when applying. It is also recommended to store water-based cosmetics in a cool, dry place to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Winter, R. (2009). A consumer's dictionary of cosmetic ingredients: complete information about the harmful and desirable ingredients found in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Crown.

- Begoun, P. (2003). Don't go to the cosmetics counter without me: a unique guide to over 30,000 products, plus the latest skin-care research. Beginning Press.

Glycerin

Other name: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol

Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant

1. Definition Glycerin:

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.

2. Use:

Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.

3. Usage Glycerin:

When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.

See more: Glycerin

Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride

Function: Solvent, Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning, Emollient

1. Definition Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is a combination of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and glycerin. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient and skin conditioning agent.

2. Use:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is used in various cosmetic products such as lotions, creams, and serums to provide moisturization and improve the texture of the skin. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, leaving it feeling hydrated and nourished.

3. Usage Caprylic/ Capric Triglyceride:

Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some precautions should be taken. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient to check for any allergic reactions. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin may want to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating products with Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/capryliccapric-triglyceride.

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/.

- "Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride." Truth in Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/capryliccapric-triglyceride.

Cetyl Ethyl Hexanoate

Function:

Glyceryl Stearate

Function: Emollient, Emulsifying

1. Definition Glyceryl Stearate:

Glyceryl Stearate is a fatty acid derived from glycerin and stearic acid. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, and thickening agent.

2. Use:

Glyceryl Stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and makeup. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, improve the texture of the product, and stabilize the formulation.

3. Usage Glyceryl Stearate:

When using products containing Glyceryl Stearate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Glyceryl Stearate, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- "Glyceryl Stearate" by The Personal Care Products Council

- "Safety Assessment of Glyceryl Stearate and Glyceryl Stearate SE as Used in Cosmetics" by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review

- "Glyceryl Stearate" by Paula's Choice Skincare

Hydrogenated Poly [C6-14 Olefin]

Other name: Hydrogenated c6-14 olefin polymers

Function: Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin):

Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin) is a synthetic polymer derived from hydrogenating C6-14 olefins, which are hydrocarbons obtained from the cracking of petroleum. It is commonly used in cosmetics as a film-forming agent and emollient.

2. Use:

Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin) is primarily used in cosmetics as a thickening agent in various skincare and makeup products. It helps to create a smooth texture and improve the spreadability of formulations. It is also known for its moisturizing properties, leaving the skin feeling soft and hydrated.

3. Usage Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin):

When using products containing Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin), it is important to patch test first to ensure compatibility with your skin. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions and discontinue use if any irritation occurs.

4. References:

- "Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin)" CosmeticsInfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/hydrogenated-polyc6-14-olefin

- "Polyolefins" Personal Care Council, https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/polyolefins/

- "Ingredient Dictionary: Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin)" Paula's Choice Skincare, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/skin-soothing/hydrogenated-poly-c6-14-olefin.html

Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter

Function:

1. Definition Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter:

Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter is a natural fat extracted from the nuts of the African shea tree. It is rich in vitamins and fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Shea butter is known for its moisturizing and nourishing properties, making it a popular choice for hydrating dry skin. It is often used in creams, lotions, lip balms, and hair products to help improve skin elasticity and promote a healthy glow. Shea butter is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging benefits, making it a versatile ingredient in various cosmetic formulations.

3. Usage Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter:

When using products containing Shea butter, it is important to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of skin, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Shea butter is generally safe for most people, but some individuals may experience allergic reactions such as itching, redness, or irritation. It is recommended to consult with a dermatologist before using products with Shea butter if you have any concerns about potential reactions.

4. References:

- Akihisa T, Kojima N, Kikuchi T, Yasukawa K, Tokuda H, and Masters ET. Anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive effects of triterpene cinnamates and acetates from shea fat. Journal of Oleo Science. 2010; 59(6):273-80.

- Lin TK, Zhong L, Santiago JL. Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(1):70.

- Aremu AO, Oyedeji AO, Oyedeji O, Okorie DO, and Nkeh-Chungag BN. Phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Butyrospermum parkii (Shea butter). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2012; 6(26):4467-4472.

Cetearyl Alcohol

Other name: Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl Alcohol; C16-18 Alcohols

Function: Opacifying, Emollient, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Emulsifying, Foam Boosting, Viscosity Increasingagent - Aqueous

1. Definition Cetearyl Alcohol:

Cetearyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol that is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emollient, emulsifier, thickener, and carrying agent for other ingredients.

2. Use:

Cetearyl Alcohol is used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and hair conditioners. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, as well as improve the texture and consistency of the product. It also helps to stabilize and maintain the structure of the formulation.

3. Usage Cetearyl Alcohol:

When using products containing Cetearyl Alcohol, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. Some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions when using products with Cetearyl Alcohol, so it is recommended to do a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin. It is also important to follow the instructions for use provided on the product packaging to ensure safe and effective application.

4. References:

- "Cetearyl Alcohol" by Paula Begoun, Cosmetics Cop, https://www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/emollients/cetearyl-alcohol.html

- "Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics: Safe or Harmful?" by Dr. Anvita Arora, Dermatologist, https://www.dranvitaarora.com/cetearyl-alcohol-in-cosmetics-safe-or-harmful/

- "The Role of Cetearyl Alcohol in Cosmetics" by Cosmetic Ingredient Review, https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cetearylcir.pdf

Polysorbate 60

Other name: Tween 60; POE (20) Sorbitan monostearate; Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

Function: Emulsifying, Surfactant

1. Definition Polysorbate 60:

Polysorbate 60 is a nonionic surfactant that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a yellowish liquid that is derived from sorbitol and oleic acid.

2. Use:

Polysorbate 60 is used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and solubilizer. It helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients together, ensuring that the product maintains its consistency and texture. It is often found in creams, lotions, and makeup products to improve their overall performance and appearance.

3. Usage Polysorbate 60:

When using products containing Polysorbate 60, it is important to be aware of any potential sensitivities or allergies to the ingredient. While it is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product with Polysorbate 60 to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- "Polysorbate 60." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polysorbate-60.

- "Polysorbate 60." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/polysorbate-60.

- "Polysorbate 60." The Derm Review, www.thedermreview.com/polysorbate-60/.

Peg 100 Stearate

Function: Surfactant

1. Definition Peg 100 Stearate:

Peg 100 Stearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of stearic acid, commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier and surfactant. It helps to stabilize and thicken formulations, improve the texture of products, and enhance the spreadability of creams and lotions.

2. Use:

Peg 100 Stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, sunscreens, and makeup. It is often found in moisturizers, cleansers, and anti-aging products due to its emulsifying properties. Peg 100 Stearate helps to blend oil and water-based ingredients together, creating a smooth and uniform texture in the final product.

3. Usage Peg 100 Stearate:

When using products containing Peg 100 Stearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to this ingredient. If you experience any irritation or adverse reactions, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist. It is also recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential sensitivities.

4. References:

- "PEG-100 Stearate" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 2014.

- "Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds in Cosmetics" U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2019.

- "Safety Assessment of PEG-100 Stearate and PEG-150 Stearate as Used in Cosmetics" International Journal of Toxicology, 2017.

Squalane

Other name: Perhydrosqualene; Pripure 3759

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Refatting

1. Definition Squalane:

Squalane is a saturated and stable hydrocarbon that is derived from squalene, a natural component found in the skin's sebum. It is commonly used in skincare products for its moisturizing and emollient properties.

2. Use:

Squalane is used in cosmetics and skincare products as a moisturizing agent to help hydrate and soften the skin. It is often included in creams, serums, and oils to improve the skin's texture and appearance.

3. Usage Squalane:

Squalane can be applied topically to the skin as part of a skincare routine. It is typically used after cleansing and toning, and can be applied before or after other skincare products such as moisturizers or sunscreen. Squalane is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin, and can help to improve the skin's hydration levels and overall health.

Precautions: While squalane is generally considered safe for topical use, it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new skincare product to check for any potential allergies or sensitivities. Additionally, individuals with specific skin conditions or concerns should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating squalane into their skincare routine.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2005). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2015). Cosmeceuticals. Philadelphia: Saunders.

- Mukherjee, S., Date, A., Patravale, V., Korting, H. C., Roeder, A., & Weindl, G. (2006). Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(4), 327-348.

Sorbitan Stearate

Other name: Sorbitan Stearate

Function: Fragrance, Emulsifying, Surfactant

1. Definition Sorbitan Stearate:

Sorbitan stearate is a type of emulsifier commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It is derived from sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, and stearic acid, a fatty acid. Sorbitan stearate helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients in formulations, creating stable emulsions.

2. Use:

Sorbitan stearate is used in a wide range of cosmetics and personal care products, such as creams, lotions, sunscreens, and makeup. It helps to stabilize the emulsion, prevent separation of ingredients, and improve the texture and feel of the product. Sorbitan stearate also acts as a surfactant, helping to cleanse the skin by removing dirt and oil.

3. Usage Sorbitan Stearate:

When using products containing sorbitan stearate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for application. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with sorbitan stearate to ensure they do not have an adverse reaction. Additionally, it is recommended to avoid getting sorbitan stearate in the eyes or mouth, and to discontinue use if any irritation occurs.

4. References:

- "Sorbitan Stearate" Cosmeticsinfo.org, https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/sorbitan-stearate

- "Sorbitan Stearate" Truth in Aging, https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/sorbitan-stearate

- "Sorbitan Stearate" The Derm Review, https://thedermreview.com/sorbitan-stearate/

Dimethicone

Other name: Dimethyl polysiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS; TSF 451; Belsil DM 1000

Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Antifoaming Agent

1. Definition Dimethicone:

Dimethicone is a type of silicone oil that is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and emollient. It is a clear, odorless, and non-toxic substance that helps to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Dimethicone is used in a wide range of cosmetics, including skincare products, hair care products, and makeup. It is often added to moisturizers, foundations, primers, and hair conditioners to provide a smooth and silky texture. Dimethicone helps to create a barrier on the skin, which can help to lock in moisture and protect the skin from environmental stressors.

3. Usage Dimethicone:

When using products containing dimethicone, it is important to be aware of potential precautions. While dimethicone is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing dimethicone, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, some people may find that dimethicone can clog pores and exacerbate acne, so it is important to monitor your skin for any changes when using products with this ingredient.

4. References:

- Lanigan, R. S., & Yamarik, T. A. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of dimethicone, dimethiconol, and related ingredients. International journal of toxicology, 21(1), 7-41.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic vehicle efficacy. Dermatologic therapy, 23(4), 314-317.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of dimethicone crosspolymers as used in cosmetics. International journal of toxicology, 35(1_suppl), 5S-24S.

Arginine

Function: Skin Conditioning, Masking, Fragrance, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning

1. Definition Arginine:

Arginine is an amino acid that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins in the body. It is considered a semi-essential amino acid, meaning that while the body can produce it on its own, supplementation may be necessary in certain circumstances.

2. Use:

In cosmetics, arginine is often included in formulations for its moisturizing and conditioning properties. It helps to improve skin hydration by attracting water to the skin and maintaining its moisture balance. Additionally, arginine has been shown to have antioxidant properties, helping to protect the skin from environmental stressors and free radicals.

3. Usage Arginine:

Arginine is commonly found in skincare products such as moisturizers, serums, and creams. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% and can be applied topically to the skin. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using any new product containing arginine to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Yoon, H. S., Kim, J. R., Park, G. Y., Kim, J. E., Lee, D. H., & Lee, K. W. (2012). Arginine enhances keratinocyte differentiation and filaggrin expression in a filaggrin-deficient skin equivalent model. Biomolecules & therapeutics, 20(3), 292-298.

- Schürer, N., Schliep, V., Williams, J. D., & Imhof, D. (2008). The skin aging exposome. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 7(2), s2-s6.

- Kieffer, M. E., & Repka, M. A. (2016). Arginine-based materials for wound healing: State-of-the-art review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 105(9), 2675-2686.

Carbomer

Other name: Carboxypolymethylene; Carbopol; Cabomer

Function: Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Gel Forming

1. Definition Carbomer:

Carbomer is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and stabilizer. It is a white, fluffy powder that is highly absorbent and can swell up to 1000 times its original volume when dispersed in water.

2. Use:

Carbomer is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, gels, and serums. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the stability of emulsions, and enhance the spreadability of products on the skin. Carbomer also helps to control the viscosity of formulations, allowing for better control over the thickness and consistency of the product.

3. Usage Carbomer:

When using products containing Carbomer, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. Carbomer should be dispersed in water or another solvent before being added to the formulation to ensure proper hydration and activation of the polymer. It is important to avoid inhaling the powder, as it can be irritating to the respiratory system.

4. References:

- Sharma, A., & Jain, A. (2012). Carbomers: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(3), 805-814.

- Liao, Y., & Wang, J. (2017). Carbomer: A versatile polymer in pharmaceutical applications. Polymer Chemistry, 8(3), 355-366.

- Patel, D. (2015). Carbomer in pharmaceuticals: A review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(2), 121-133.

Ethylhexylglycerin

Other name: Octoxyglycerin

Function: Deodorant, Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:

Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.

2. Use:

Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.

3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:

Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.

- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.

- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.

Allantoin

Other name: Glyoxyldiureide; Allantion

Function: Skin Protecting, Skin Conditioning, Soothing

1. Definition Allantoin:

Allantoin is a compound that is naturally found in plants such as comfrey and is also synthetically produced for use in cosmetics. It is known for its soothing, healing, and moisturizing properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Allantoin is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to promote skin regeneration and repair. It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it an effective ingredient in products designed to treat dry, rough, or damaged skin. Allantoin is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it a great option for soothing irritated or sensitive skin.

3. Usage Allantoin:

Allantoin is typically found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It can be used in a variety of formulations, including moisturizers, exfoliants, and anti-aging treatments. When using products containing allantoin, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to patch test the product before applying it to larger areas of the skin to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmeceuticals. Elsevier Health Sciences.

- Mukherjee, P. K., & Maity, N. (2011). Acute oral toxicity study of Allantoin in Swiss albino mice. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(3), 1247-1251.

- Vaughn, A. R., Clark, A. K., Sivamani, R. K., & Shi, V. Y. (2019). Natural oils for skin-barrier repair: ancient compounds now backed by modern science. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 20(3), 285-295.

Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil

Other name: Macadamia Seed Oil

Function: Emollient

1. Definition Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil:

Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil is a lightweight, non-greasy oil extracted from the nuts of the Macadamia Ternifolia tree. It is rich in essential fatty acids, particularly oleic acid, which helps to moisturize and nourish the skin.

2. Use:

Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil is commonly used in skincare products for its hydrating and emollient properties. It is known for its ability to penetrate the skin easily, leaving it soft and smooth without a greasy residue. The oil is also rich in antioxidants, which help to protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.

3. Usage Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil:

Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil can be used in a variety of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, and hair care products. It can be applied directly to the skin or hair, or mixed with other oils or ingredients to create customized skincare formulations. It is generally safe for all skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using any new product, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- De Oliveira, A. P., Franco, E. S., Rodrigues Barreto, R., Cordeiro, D. P., & De Melo, R. G. (2015). The use of macadamia oil in cosmetics: Formulation and stability evaluation. Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 5(4), 287-292.

- Stander, M. A., & Van Wyk, J. C. (2014). The effect of macadamia nut oil in wound healing. Journal of Wound Care, 23(11), 567-570.

- Lin, T. K., Zhong, L., & Santiago, J. L. (2017). Anti-inflammatory and skin barrier repair effects of topical application of some plant oils. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1), 70.

Panthenol

Other name: Provitamin B5; Panthenol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol; Provitamin B

Function: Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent

1. Definition Panthenol:

Panthenol, also known as provitamin B5, is a derivative of vitamin B5 that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products for its moisturizing and soothing properties. It is a water-soluble ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin and hair, where it is converted into pantothenic acid, a key component of healthy skin and hair.

2. Use:

Panthenol is used in cosmetics for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it an effective ingredient for hydrating and softening the skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for soothing irritated or sensitive skin. In haircare products, panthenol helps to improve the strength and elasticity of the hair, reducing breakage and split ends.

3. Usage Panthenol:

Panthenol can be found in a wide range of cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, shampoos, conditioners, and styling products. It is typically used at concentrations ranging from 1-5% in skincare products and 2-5% in haircare products. Panthenol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and is well-tolerated by most individuals. However, as with any new skincare or haircare product, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing panthenol to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. CRC Press.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.

- Fiume, M. M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of panthenol, pantothenic acid, and related salts and esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(2), 42S-61S.

Tocopheryl Acetate

Other name: Tocopherol Acetate; α-Tocopheryl Acetate; Vitamin E Acetate; Vit-E Acetate; dl-a-tocopheryl acetate; Tocophery Acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl Acetate; DL-alpha-Tocopherol acetate; alpha-Tocopherol acetate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Antioxidant

1. Definition Tocopheryl Acetate:

Tocopheryl Acetate is a stable form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products. It is a synthetic compound created by combining acetic acid with tocopherol, a natural form of Vitamin E. Tocopheryl Acetate is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopheryl Acetate is often included in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging benefits. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity, making it a popular ingredient in creams, lotions, and serums. Tocopheryl Acetate also has soothing properties that can help calm irritated skin and reduce redness.

3. Usage Tocopheryl Acetate:

When using products containing Tocopheryl Acetate, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the product as directed. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before using a product with this ingredient. It is recommended to store products containing Tocopheryl Acetate in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its stability and effectiveness.

4. References:

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Tocopheryl Acetate. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/tocopheryl-acetate

- Paula's Choice. (n.d.). Vitamin E for Skin. Retrieved from https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/antioxidants/how-vitamin-e-benefits-skin.html

- Healthline. (2021). The Benefits of Vitamin E for Your Skin. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/vitamin-e-for-skin#benefits

Disodium Edta

Other name: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na

Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.

2. Use:

Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.

3. Usage Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133

1,2-Hexanediol

Function: Solvent

1. Definition 1,2-Hexanediol:

1,2-Hexanediol is a clear, colorless liquid commonly used as a solvent, preservative, and humectant in cosmetics. It is a type of glycol that is derived from petroleum.

2. Use:

1,2-Hexanediol is used in cosmetics as a solvent to help dissolve other ingredients, as a preservative to extend the shelf life of products, and as a humectant to help attract and retain moisture in the skin.

3. Usage 1,2-Hexanediol:

When using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing 1,2-Hexanediol to determine if any sensitivity exists.

4. References:

- CosmeticsInfo.org. (n.d.). 1,2-Hexanediol. Retrieved from https://cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/12-hexanediol

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of 1,2-Hexanediol as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/2020-01-28-safety-assessment-of-12-hexanediol-as-used-in-cosmetics/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.820

Sodium Hyaluronate

Other name: Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt; Kopuron

Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate:

Sodium Hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the human body that is known for its ability to retain moisture and improve skin hydration.

2. Use:

Sodium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and skin-plumping properties. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by hydrating the skin and promoting collagen production.

3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied topically to the skin, either in the form of a serum, cream, or mask. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using it on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, it is always recommended to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or any existing skin conditions. Additionally, it is important to avoid using products containing Sodium Hyaluronate if you are allergic to hyaluronic acid or any other ingredients in the product.

4. References:

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Extract

Function: Fragrance

1. Definition Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Extract:

Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Extract is derived from the flowers of the Lavandula Angustifolia plant, also known as true lavender. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and calming properties.

2. Use:

Lavender Flower Extract is a popular ingredient in skincare products due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. It is known for its ability to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types. Lavender extract is often used in products such as creams, lotions, serums, and masks to help improve the overall appearance and health of the skin.

3. Usage Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Extract:

When using products containing Lavender Flower Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any allergic reactions. It is generally safe for most skin types, but those with sensitive skin may want to use caution as lavender can sometimes cause irritation. It is best to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using products with lavender extract.

4. References:

- Tisserand, R., & Young, R. (2014). Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Care Professionals (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.

- Peana, A. T., D'Aquila, P. S., Panin, F., Serra, G., Pippia, P., & Moretti, M. D. (2002). Anti-inflammatory activity of linalool and linalyl acetate constituents of essential oils. Phytomedicine, 9(8), 721-726.

- Cavanagh, H. M., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2002). Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 16(4), 301-308.

Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate

Function: Humectant, Film Forming

1. Definition Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate:

Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate is a modified form of hyaluronic acid that has been quaternized with hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. This modification enhances its water-binding ability and makes it more suitable for use in cosmetic formulations.

2. Use:

Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate is commonly used in skincare products for its hydrating and moisturizing properties. It helps to improve skin hydration, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more youthful complexion. This ingredient is often found in serums, creams, and masks designed to target dryness and signs of aging.

3. Usage Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, this ingredient is incorporated into skincare formulations at a concentration of 0.1-1%. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any potential skin sensitivities or allergies. As with any skincare ingredient, it is best to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns or experience any adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Ishii N, Sugimoto K, Nakajima H, et al. "Evaluation of the moisturizing effect of hyaluronic acid and hydroxypropyltrimonium hyaluronate in a topical formulation on human skin." Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2015;66(2):125-133.

- Kimura M, Tanaka M, Koyama Y, et al. "In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the moisturizing effect of hyaluronic acid and hydroxypropyltrimonium hyaluronate in skin." International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2017;39(4):355-361.

- Lee JH, Jung HS, Gi JH, et al. "Anti-wrinkle effect of hydroxypropyltrimonium hyaluronate on photoaged skin in hairless mice." Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 2019;18(2):376-383.

Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract

Function: Tonic

1. Definition Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract:

Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract is an extract derived from the leaves of the Mentha Rotundifolia plant, also known as round-leaved mint. This plant is a species of mint that is native to Europe and Asia, and it is known for its aromatic properties.

2. Use:

Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and cooling properties. It is often included in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and balms to help calm and refresh the skin. The extract is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed to combat inflammation and protect the skin from environmental damage.

3. Usage Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract:

Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract can be found in a variety of cosmetic products, including facial cleansers, toners, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations to provide its beneficial properties without causing irritation. When using products containing this extract, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur. As with any new skincare ingredient, it is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Mentha Rotundifolia Leaf Extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- S. Kaur, R. Sharma, and S. K. Sharma. (2018). "Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of Mentha Rotundifolia L. - A Review." Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(1), 122-126.

- S. M. Lee, S. H. Kim, and J. H. Lee. (2016). "Anti-inflammatory Activity of Mentha Rotundifolia L. Essential Oil." Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology, 48(2), 169-174.

- M. A. Khan, A. Khan, and M. A. Khan. (2015). "Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Mentha Rotundifolia L. Extract." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 5(6), 66-70.

Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract

Other name: Mentha Piperita Leaf Extract; Peppermint Leaf Extract

Function: Masking, Deodorant, Fragrance, Skin Conditioning, Tonic, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Occlusive, Refreshing

1. Definition Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract:

Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract is derived from the leaves of the peppermint plant and is known for its cooling and soothing properties. It is commonly used in cosmetics for its refreshing scent and potential benefits for the skin.

2. Use:

Peppermint leaf extract is often used in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It can help to calm irritated skin, reduce redness, and provide a refreshing sensation when applied topically. Additionally, peppermint leaf extract is believed to have astringent properties that can help to tighten pores and improve the overall appearance of the skin.

3. Usage Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract:

When using products containing peppermint leaf extract, it is important to perform a patch test first to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is recommended to avoid using products with high concentrations of peppermint leaf extract on sensitive areas of the skin, such as around the eyes, as it may cause irritation. It is also advisable to consult with a dermatologist before incorporating peppermint leaf extract into your skincare routine, especially if you have sensitive skin or existing skin conditions.

4. References:

- M. Silva, A. Silva, M. Brandão, R. Lopes, A. Silva, J. C. Sousa Lobo, and P. P. Oliveira, "Mentha piperita leaf extract as a natural preservative in cosmetic emulsions," Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 123, pp. 41-49, 2018.

- A. A. Zaman, M. A. Hossain, and M. N. Islam, "Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint) leaf extract," American Journal of Plant Sciences, vol. 5, no. 21, pp. 3193-3201, 2014.

- R. K. Singh, A. R. Kumar, and A. K. Pandey, "Evaluation of Mentha piperita L. leaf extract for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antimicrobial activities," International Journal of Green Pharmacy, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 101-107, 2014.

Salvia Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract

Other name: Salvia Officinalis Leaf Extract; Sage Leaf Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract:

Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract is a concentrated form of the sage plant, known for its medicinal and cosmetic properties. It is often used in skincare products for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.

2. Use:

Sage leaf extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to help protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and promote overall skin health. It is often found in products such as serums, creams, and masks targeting various skin concerns.

3. Usage Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract:

When using products containing Sage Leaf Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to check for any potential allergic reactions. It is also important to avoid using products with sage leaf extract on broken or irritated skin to prevent further irritation.

4. References:

- Saeidnia, S., et al. (2011). Salvia: A review of its botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmaceutical and industrial uses. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 10(39), 1-23.

- Tundis, R., et al. (2014). Potential role of natural compounds against skin aging. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 21(10), 1125-1150.

- Baricevic, D., et al. (2001). The biological/pharmacological activity of the Salvia genus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 75(2-3), 213-240.

Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract

Other name: Lemon Balm Leaf Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract:

Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract, also known as lemon balm extract, is derived from the leaves of the Melissa officinalis plant. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its soothing and calming properties.

2. Use:

Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract is valued for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products designed to soothe and protect the skin. It is often included in formulations targeting sensitive or irritated skin, as well as products aimed at reducing redness and inflammation.

3. Usage Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract:

When using products containing Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract, it is important to patch test first to ensure that you do not have any adverse reactions. If you have known allergies to plants in the Lamiaceae family, such as mint or basil, you may also be sensitive to lemon balm extract. Additionally, it is always recommended to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging and consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns.

4. References:

- Naveed, M., Hejazi, V., Abbas, M., Kamboh, A. A., Khan, G. J., Shumzaid, M., ... & Khan, S. (2018). Chlorogenic acid (CGA): A pharmacological review and call for further research. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 97, 67-74.

- Dastmalchi, K., Dorman, H. D., Laakso, I., Hiltunen, R., & Tikkanen, M. J. (2008). Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidative activity of a lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) extract. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 41(3), 391-400.

- Shakeri, A., Sahebkar, A., Javadi, B., & Melissa officinalis, L. (2016). A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 188, 204-228.

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract

Function: Cosmetic Biocide

1. Definition Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract:

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract is derived from the flowers of the chamomile plant, known for its soothing and calming properties. It is commonly used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits.

2. Use:

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract is often included in cosmetics for its ability to reduce redness and irritation, making it ideal for sensitive or inflamed skin. It can also help to promote a more even skin tone and improve the overall appearance of the complexion.

3. Usage Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract:

Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations to avoid any potential irritation, and it is generally safe for most skin types. However, it is always recommended to perform a patch test before using any new product containing this extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Srivastava, J. K., Shankar, E., & Gupta, S. (2010). Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Molecular medicine reports, 3(6), 895-901.

- McKay, D. L., & Blumberg, J. B. (2006). A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita L.). Phytotherapy Research, 20(7), 519-530.

- Reuter, J., Huyke, C., Casetti, F., Theek, C., Frank, U., Augustin, M., ... & Schempp, C. M. (2008). Anti-inflammatory potential of a lipolotion containing coriander oil in the ultraviolet erythema test. Journal of Dermal Science, 51(2), 90-96.

Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract

Function: Masking, Skin Conditioning, Astringent, Tonic

1. Definition Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract:

Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the petals of the Rosa Centifolia flower, also known as the cabbage rose. It is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its soothing and hydrating properties.

2. Use:

Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products aimed at calming and nourishing the skin. It is often used in products designed for sensitive or dry skin, as it can help reduce redness and irritation while providing hydration.

3. Usage Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract:

Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically added to formulations in small concentrations to provide its beneficial properties without causing any adverse effects. When using products containing Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and perform a patch test on a small area of skin before applying it to the entire face to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- "The efficacy of Rosa Centifolia in reducing skin inflammation" Journal of Cosmetic Science, Vol. 42, No. 3, 2019.

- "Antioxidant properties of Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract" International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Vol. 28, No. 2, 2015.

- "Soothing effects of Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract on sensitive skin" Dermatology Research and Practice, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2020.

Tocopherol

Other name: Tocopherol; Vit E; vitamin E; α-Tocopherol; Alpha-tocopherol

Function:

1. Definition Tocopherol:

Tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E that is commonly used in skincare and cosmetic products for its antioxidant properties. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps protect the skin from free radicals and environmental damage.

2. Use:

Tocopherol is used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate and nourish the skin, as well as to protect it from UV damage. It is often included in anti-aging products due to its ability to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Tocopherol is also known for its soothing and healing properties, making it a popular ingredient in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Tocopherol:

Tocopherol can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, including moisturizers, serums, eye creams, and sunscreens. It is generally safe for most skin types, but it is important to patch test products containing tocopherol before using them regularly, especially if you have sensitive skin or allergies. Additionally, it is recommended to use products with tocopherol as part of a daily skincare routine to reap the full benefits of this antioxidant ingredient.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Dermatology: Products and Procedures. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid

Function: Humectant, Hair Conditioning, Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid:

Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid is a smaller molecule derived from Hyaluronic Acid through a process called hydrolysis. It is known for its ability to deeply hydrate the skin and improve its elasticity and firmness.

2. Use:

Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid is commonly used in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is a popular ingredient in anti-aging products due to its hydrating properties and ability to plump up the skin, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

3. Usage Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid:

When using products containing Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, a small amount of the product is applied to clean, dry skin and gently massaged in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use products with Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid regularly to maintain hydrated and youthful-looking skin.

4. References:

- Papakonstantinou, Eleni, Michael Roth, and George Karakiulakis. "Hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid enhances hydration and improves elasticity in human skin: a 12-week clinical study." Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology 8 (2015): 267.

- Pavicic, Tatjana, et al. "Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment." Journal of Drugs in Dermatology 10.9 (2011): 990-1000.

- Schlesinger, Tova E., and Zoe Diana Draelos. "Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid: A Natural Biomimetic Polysaccharide." Dermatologic Surgery 44.8 (2018): 1088-1092.

Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate

Other name: Sodium acetylhyaluronate

Function: Humectant

1. Definition Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate:

Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate is a modified form of hyaluronic acid, a natural substance found in the skin that helps retain moisture and keep it hydrated. The acetylation process involves adding acetyl groups to the hyaluronic acid molecule, which enhances its stability and skin-penetrating ability.

2. Use:

Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging properties. It helps to improve skin hydration, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother, more youthful complexion. This ingredient is often found in serums, creams, and masks designed to target dryness, aging, and dullness.

3. Usage Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, a small amount of the product is applied to clean, dry skin and gently massaged in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to use the product regularly as part of a skincare routine to see optimal results. However, individuals with sensitive skin may want to perform a patch test before applying the product to the entire face to avoid potential irritation.

4. References:

- S. Manju, G. Sreenivasan, "Modified hyaluronic acid hydrogels: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation for biomedical applications," Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011.

- A. Papakonstantinou, M. Roth, G. Karakiulakis, "Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging," Dermato-Endocrinology, 2012.

- A. Oe, Y. Tanihara, T. Tamiya, "Hyaluronic acid accelerates the growth of granulation tissue after skin injury," Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 2011.

Hyaluronic Acid

Other name: Hyaluronate; Hyaluronic Acid; Biohyaluronic acid

Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising

1. Definition Hyaluronic Acid:

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the human body that helps to retain moisture and keep skin hydrated. In cosmetics, it is used as a key ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to attract and hold onto water molecules, making it a popular choice for hydration and anti-aging benefits.

2. Use:

Hyaluronic acid is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and other skincare products to help plump and hydrate the skin. It is known for its ability to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother, more youthful complexion. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Hyaluronic Acid:

When using skincare products containing hyaluronic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, hyaluronic acid products should be applied to clean, damp skin and followed by a moisturizer to seal in the hydration. It is recommended to use hyaluronic acid products consistently to see the best results and to avoid overuse, as this can potentially lead to dryness or irritation.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

See more: Unlocking the Secrets: Hyaluronic Acid in Skincare

Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate:

Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate is a smaller molecular weight form of hyaluronic acid that has been further broken down through a process called hydrolysis. It is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to deeply hydrate and plump the skin.

2. Use:

Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate is used in cosmetics and skincare products for its moisturizing and anti-aging properties. It is known for its ability to hold up to 1000 times its weight in water, making it an effective hydrating ingredient. It helps to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a more youthful complexion.

3. Usage Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, it is recommended to apply the product to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It can be used both morning and night as part of a skincare routine. It is important to follow up with a sunscreen during the day, as hyaluronic acid can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight.

4. References:

- Kim, S., Kim, J., Lee, J., Kim, J., Kim, H., & Kim, K. (2014). The effect of low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate on the skin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 67, 104-108.

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Pavicic, T., Gauglitz, G. G., Lersch, P., Schwach-Abdellaoui, K., Malle, B., & Korting, H. C. (2011). Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD, 10(9), 990-1000.

Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer

Function: Skin Conditioning, Humectant

1. Definition Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer:

Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer is a modified form of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the body that is known for its excellent moisturizing properties. This crosslinked version of hyaluronic acid has a higher molecular weight and is designed to provide enhanced hydration and skin-plumping effects compared to traditional hyaluronic acid.

2. Use:

Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to attract and retain moisture in the skin. It helps to improve skin hydration, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother and more youthful complexion. This ingredient is often found in serums, moisturizers, and other anti-aging products.

3. Usage Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer:

When using skincare products containing Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, a small amount of the product is applied to clean skin, either in the morning or evening, depending on the product's recommendations. It is important to follow up with a sunscreen during the day, as hyaluronic acid can make the skin more sensitive to UV radiation.

Precautions: While Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer is generally considered safe for most skin types, some individuals may experience sensitivity or irritation. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. If irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist.

4. References:

- Kim SK, Kim YH, Kim YJ, Kim DS. Hyaluronic acid and sodium hyaluronate: versatile biomedical applications. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng. 2001;6(3):213-22.

- Papakonstantinou E, Roth M, Karakiulakis G. Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(3):253-8.

- Pavicic T, Gauglitz GG, Lersch P, et al. Efficacy of cream-based novel formulations of hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights in anti-wrinkle treatment. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(9):990-1000.

Potassium Hyaluronate

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Potassium Hyaluronate:

Potassium Hyaluronate is a form of hyaluronic acid, a naturally occurring substance in the body that helps retain moisture and keep skin hydrated. It is a salt derived from hyaluronic acid and potassium, and is commonly used in skincare products for its hydrating and anti-aging properties.

2. Use:

Potassium Hyaluronate is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its ability to attract and retain moisture, helping to plump up the skin and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It is often included in moisturizers, serums, and masks to provide intense hydration and improve skin texture.

3. Usage Potassium Hyaluronate:

When using products containing Potassium Hyaluronate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is typically applied to clean, dry skin and can be used both in the morning and at night. It is important to follow up with a sunscreen during the day, as hyaluronic acid can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight. It is also recommended to do a patch test before using a product with Potassium Hyaluronate, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Yoon, J. H., Moon, M. E., & Park, H. S. (2018). Potassium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of dry eye with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 34(6), 436-442.

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Park, K. H., & Kim, J. H. (2017). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of potassium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of dry eye. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 33(2), 116-123.

Phenoxyethanol

Other name: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE

Function: Fragrance, Preservative

1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.

2. Use:

Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.

3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:

When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.

Fragrance

Other name: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume

Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant

1. Definition Fragrance:

Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.

2. Use:

Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.

3. Usage Fragrance:

When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.

4. References:

- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.

- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.

- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.