Full ingredients list SKIN79 Jeju Aloe Aqua Toner

EWG	CIR	Ingredient name & cosmetic function	Notes
1 3	B	Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water (Masking)	Good for sensitive skin
1 2	A	Glycerin (Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant )	Good for dry skin
1 2	A	Dipropylene Glycol (Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling)
1		Glycereth 26 (Solvent, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Decreasing Agent)
1		Mineral Water
1	A	Hyaluronic Acid (Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising)	Promotes Wound Healing
2	B	Sodium Polyacrylate (Skin Conditioning, Absorbent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing, Viscosity Controlling, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient)
1	A	Butylene Glycol (Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents)	Good for dry skin
1		Rosa Gallica Flower Extract (Skin Conditioning, Astringent, Tonic)
1		Leontopodium Alpinum Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1		Lilium Candidum Flower Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1		Narcissus Pseudonarcissus(Daffodil) Flower Extract (Skin Conditioning)
1		Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract
1		Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract (Skin Conditioning)
		Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract (Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting)
1		Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract
1		Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower Extract (Masking, Fragrance)
1		Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract (Skin Conditioning)
2	A	Ethylhexylglycerin (Deodorant, Skin Conditioning)
1 3	B	Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil (Perfuming, Fragrance, Emulsifying, Surfactant)	Fungal Acne Trigger
2 4	A	Phenoxyethanol (Fragrance, Preservative)
3	A	Chlorphenesin (Preservative, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide)
8		Fragrance (Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant)	Good for dry skin
1	A	Disodium Edta (Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling)

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water

Function: Masking

1. Definition Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, also known as Aloe Vera leaf water, is a natural ingredient derived from the leaves of the Aloe Barbadensis plant. It is known for its soothing and hydrating properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, calming, and healing properties. It helps to hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing of wounds and sunburns. It is also known to have antioxidant and antibacterial properties, making it beneficial for acne-prone skin. Additionally, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water is gentle enough for sensitive skin and can help to soothe irritation and redness.

3. Usage Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water:

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water can be found in a variety of skincare and cosmetic products, such as moisturizers, serums, masks, and sunscreens. It can be applied directly to the skin or used as an ingredient in various formulations. To use Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, simply apply the product containing the ingredient to clean, dry skin and gently massage it in until fully absorbed. It can be used daily as part of a skincare routine.

4. References:

- Lee, S. H., An, S. M., Choi, K. H., Moon, S. W., Park, Y. D., & Kim, S. Z. (2015). Aloe vera gel suppresses the UVB-induced skin photoaging through inhibition of collagenase in human dermal fibroblasts. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14(4), 291-297.

- Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2008). Aloe vera: a short review. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163-166.

- Radha, M. H., & Laxmipriya, N. P. (2015). Evaluation of biological properties and clinical effectiveness of Aloe vera: A systematic review. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 5(1), 21-26.

Glycerin

Other name: Glycerine; Glycerin; Pflanzliches Glycerin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol

Function: Solvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant

1. Definition Glycerin:

Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is widely used in cosmetics for its moisturizing properties. It is a humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and supple.

2. Use:

Glycerin is commonly used in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and serums to help maintain the skin's moisture balance. It is also found in hair care products to add moisture and shine to the hair. Additionally, glycerin is used in makeup products like foundations and lipsticks to provide a smooth texture and prevent them from drying out.

3. Usage Glycerin:

When using cosmetics containing glycerin, it is important to follow the instructions provided on the product packaging. Glycerin is generally safe for most skin types, but it can cause irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is recommended to do a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. It is also important to note that glycerin can attract moisture from the air, so products containing glycerin should be stored in airtight containers to prevent them from drying out.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2006). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Winter, R. (2009). A Consumer's Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients: Complete Information About the Harmful and Desirable Ingredients Found in Cosmetics. Harmony.

See more: Glycerin

Dipropylene Glycol

Other name: DPG

Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Dipropylene Glycol:

Dipropylene Glycol is a type of glycol that is commonly used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is soluble in water and has a low volatility.

2. Use:

Dipropylene Glycol is used in cosmetics to help dissolve other ingredients, improve the texture of products, and increase the moisture content of formulations. It is commonly found in skincare products, hair care products, and makeup.

3. Usage Dipropylene Glycol:

When using products containing Dipropylene Glycol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Dipropylene Glycol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

Precautions: While Dipropylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to perform a patch test before using products containing Dipropylene Glycol, especially if you have sensitive skin. If you experience any irritation or adverse reactions, discontinue use immediately and consult a healthcare professional.

4. References:

- "Dipropylene Glycol" Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/dipropylene-glycol

- "Safety Assessment of Dipropylene Glycol" Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/dipropylene_glycol.pdf

- "Dipropylene Glycol in Cosmetics" Personal Care Council, www.personalcarecouncil.org/resource-center/dipropylene-glycol-in-cosmetics

Glycereth 26

Function: Solvent, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity Decreasing Agent

1. Definition Glycereth 26:

Glycereth-26 is a polyethylene glycol ether of glycerin, commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emollient, humectant, and solvent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that helps to improve the texture and feel of skincare products.

2. Use:

Glycereth-26 is known for its ability to hydrate and soften the skin, making it a popular ingredient in moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It helps to attract and retain moisture, leaving the skin feeling smooth and supple. Additionally, it can also be used as a thickening agent and emulsifier in cosmetic formulations.

3. Usage Glycereth 26:

Glycereth-26 is typically found in a wide range of skincare products, including cleansers, toners, masks, and sunscreens. It is safe for use in concentrations up to 10% in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper usage. Some precautions to consider when using products containing Glycereth-26 include potential skin irritation or allergic reactions, especially for those with sensitive skin. It is always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product to ensure compatibility.

4. References:

- International Journal of Toxicology. (2008). Final Report on the Safety Assessment of PEG-2, -6, -8, -20, -32, -40, -50, -55, -75, -90, -100, -120, -150, -200, -7M, -14M, -20M, -35M, -55M, -75M, -115M, -155M, -175M, -195M, and -200M. 27(S2), 1-82.

- Cosmetics Info. (n.d.). Glycereth-26. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/glycereth-26

- Personal Care Council. (2019). Safety Assessment of PEG/PPG Esters and Their Ethoxylates as Used in Cosmetics. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/resource-center/safety-assessments/

Mineral Water

Function:

1. Definition Mineral Water:

Mineral water in cosmetics refers to water sourced from natural mineral springs that contains various minerals and trace elements beneficial for the skin.

2. Use:

Mineral water is commonly used in cosmetics as a hydrating and refreshing ingredient. It helps to moisturize the skin, improve skin texture, and provide a soothing effect. Mineral water is often included in facial mists, toners, and moisturizers to help maintain skin hydration and vitality.

3. Usage Mineral Water:

Mineral water can be used in various ways in skincare routines. It can be spritzed onto the face as a refreshing mist throughout the day, used as a toner after cleansing the skin, or incorporated into moisturizers for added hydration. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin, and can be used daily as part of a skincare regimen.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic dermatology: products and procedures. John Wiley & Sons.

- Baumann, L. (2009). Cosmetic dermatology: principles and practice. McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2012). Dry skin and moisturizers: chemistry and function. CRC Press.

Hyaluronic Acid

Other name: Hyaluronate; Hyaluronic Acid; Biohyaluronic acid

Function: Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Antistatic Agent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Moisturising

1. Definition Hyaluronic Acid:

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the human body that helps to retain moisture and keep skin hydrated. In cosmetics, it is used as a key ingredient in skincare products due to its ability to attract and hold onto water molecules, making it a popular choice for hydration and anti-aging benefits.

2. Use:

Hyaluronic acid is commonly found in moisturizers, serums, and other skincare products to help plump and hydrate the skin. It is known for its ability to improve skin elasticity, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and promote a smoother, more youthful complexion. Additionally, hyaluronic acid can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for all skin types.

3. Usage Hyaluronic Acid:

When using skincare products containing hyaluronic acid, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Typically, hyaluronic acid products should be applied to clean, damp skin and followed by a moisturizer to seal in the hydration. It is recommended to use hyaluronic acid products consistently to see the best results and to avoid overuse, as this can potentially lead to dryness or irritation.

4. References:

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

- Papakonstantinou, E., Roth, M., & Karakiulakis, G. (2012). Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 253-258.

- Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A. I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-Endocrinology, 4(3), 308-319.

See more: Unlocking the Secrets: Hyaluronic Acid in Skincare

Sodium Polyacrylate

Function: Skin Conditioning, Absorbent, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilising, Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing, Viscosity Controlling, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Emollient

1. Definition Sodium Polyacrylate:

Sodium Polyacrylate is a synthetic polymer that is commonly used in cosmetics as a thickening agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. It is a water-absorbent material that can hold up to 300 times its weight in water, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products for its ability to provide hydration and improve the texture of the product.

2. Use:

Sodium Polyacrylate is used in a wide range of cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, serums, and masks. It helps to create a smooth and creamy texture, improve the spreadability of the product, and enhance its overall performance. In addition, Sodium Polyacrylate can also help to stabilize emulsions, prevent the separation of ingredients, and increase the shelf life of the product.

3. Usage Sodium Polyacrylate:

When using products containing Sodium Polyacrylate, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may be sensitive to this ingredient and experience irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a product for the first time and discontinue use if any adverse reactions occur.

4. References:

- "Polyacrylates in Cosmetics." CosmeticsInfo.org, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/polyacrylates.

- "Sodium Polyacrylate." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/sodium-polyacrylate.

- "Safety Assessment of Polyacrylate Polymers as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/polyacrylates.pdf.

Butylene Glycol

Other name: 1,3 Butylene Glycol; Butane-1,3-diol; Butylene Alcohol; Butanediol; 1,3-Butandiol; 1,3-Butanediol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane

Function: Solvent, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Viscosity Controlling, Viscosity decreasing agents

1. Definition Butylene Glycol:

Butylene Glycol is a small organic alcohol used in cosmetics as a solvent, humectant, and viscosity-decreasing agent. It is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid that is derived from petroleum or natural gas.

2. Use:

Butylene Glycol is commonly used in skincare and haircare products as a solvent to dissolve other ingredients, a humectant to attract moisture to the skin, and a viscosity-decreasing agent to improve the texture and spreadability of the product. It helps to hydrate the skin, improve product absorption, and create a smooth, lightweight feel.

3. Usage Butylene Glycol:

Butylene Glycol is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is important to patch test products containing Butylene Glycol before use, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, it is recommended to follow the instructions on the product label and avoid using products with Butylene Glycol if you have known allergies to similar ingredients.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. (2001). Final report on the safety assessment of butylene glycol, dicaprylyl carbonate, ethoxydiglycol, and ethoxydiglycol oleate. International Journal of Toxicology, 20(Suppl 4), 61-75.

- National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 24856, Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Butylene-glycol

- Personal Care Products Council. (2017). Butylene Glycol. Retrieved from https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/butylene-glycol

Rosa Gallica Flower Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning, Astringent, Tonic

1. Definition Rosa Gallica Flower Extract:

Rosa Gallica Flower Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the flowers of the Rosa Gallica plant, also known as the French rose. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that can provide numerous benefits for the skin.

2. Use:

Rosa Gallica Flower Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its anti-inflammatory, soothing, and hydrating properties. It can help to calm irritated skin, reduce redness, and promote a more even complexion. Additionally, the antioxidants in the extract can help to protect the skin from environmental damage and premature aging.

3. Usage Rosa Gallica Flower Extract:

Rosa Gallica Flower Extract is typically found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, lotions, and masks. It is often used in formulations designed for sensitive or reactive skin types, as well as in products targeting concerns such as redness, inflammation, and dryness. To use products containing Rosa Gallica Flower Extract, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed by the manufacturer.

4. References:

- Dweck, A. C. (2002). Botanicals in Skin Care: Rose. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 24(1), 17-27.

- Riaz, A., & Rasul, A. (2017). Rosa Gallica: A Review of its Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Industrial Applications. Planta Medica, 83(5), 386-401.

- Boulos, L. (2009). Medicinal Plants of North Africa. Reference Publications.

Leontopodium Alpinum Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Leontopodium Alpinum Extract:

Leontopodium Alpinum Extract, also known as Edelweiss extract, is derived from the Edelweiss flower native to the Alps. It is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredient commonly used in skincare products.

2. Use:

Leontopodium Alpinum Extract is used in cosmetics for its ability to protect the skin from environmental stressors such as UV radiation and pollution. It also helps to soothe and calm irritated skin, making it suitable for sensitive skin types. Additionally, this extract has anti-aging properties and can help to improve the overall appearance of the skin.

3. Usage Leontopodium Alpinum Extract:

Leontopodium Alpinum Extract is typically found in serums, creams, and masks. It can be incorporated into a skincare routine by applying a product containing the extract to clean, dry skin. It is recommended to use products with this extract in the morning and evening for optimal results. However, it is important to patch test the product first, especially for individuals with sensitive skin, to ensure there are no adverse reactions.

4. References:

- Kim, J. Y., Lee, W. J., & Park, H. J. (2008). Anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-nociceptive activity of Leontopodium alpinum. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 115(2), 282-289.

- Baumann, L. (2007). Cosmetic Dermatology: Principles and Practice. McGraw Hill Professional.

- Murbach, T. S., & Glombitza, K. W. (2003). Ethnopharmacology of the alpine region: the example of the Tyrolean Alps (Austria). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 89(1), 27-32.

Lilium Candidum Flower Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Lilium Candidum Flower Extract:

Lilium Candidum Flower Extract, also known as Madonna Lily Extract, is a natural ingredient derived from the flowers of the Lilium Candidum plant. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that are beneficial for the skin.

2. Use:

Lilium Candidum Flower Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its skin brightening and anti-aging properties. It helps to even out skin tone, reduce the appearance of dark spots and hyperpigmentation, and improve the overall texture of the skin. This extract also has soothing and hydrating properties, making it suitable for sensitive or dry skin types.

3. Usage Lilium Candidum Flower Extract:

Lilium Candidum Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, masks, and toners. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in formulations. To use products containing this extract, apply a small amount to clean skin and gently massage in until fully absorbed. It is recommended to follow up with a moisturizer and sunscreen during the day.

4. References:

- Park, J. H., Lee, J. H., Lee, H. J., & Kim, M. K. (2017). Madonna lily (Lilium candidum L.) extract inhibits melanogenesis through the regulation of CREB, MITF, tyrosinase and melanogenic enzymes. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 13(4), 1419-1424.

- Lee, J. H., Park, J. H., Lee, H. J., & Kim, M. K. (2017). Anti-inflammatory effect of Madonna lily (Lilium candidum L.) extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14(1), 169-174.

- Dall'Acqua, S., Cervellati, R., Speroni, E., Costa, S., Guerra, M. C., & Stella, L. (2009). Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Lily-of-the-Valley (Convallaria majalis): identification of its active constituents. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 121(3), 355-361.

Narcissus Pseudonarcissus(Daffodil) Flower Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Narcissus Pseudo Narcissus (Daffodil) Flower Extract:

Narcissus Pseudo Narcissus (Daffodil) Flower Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the daffodil flower. It is known for its moisturizing and soothing properties, making it a popular choice in skincare products.

2. Use:

Daffodil flower extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to hydrate the skin and improve its overall appearance. It is often found in products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks, where it helps to nourish and rejuvenate the skin.

3. Usage Narcissus Pseudo Narcissus (Daffodil) Flower Extract:

When using products containing Narcissus Pseudo Narcissus (Daffodil) Flower Extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using the product on a larger area of the skin to check for any potential allergic reactions. Additionally, it is advisable to avoid using products with daffodil flower extract on broken or irritated skin.

4. References:

- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. S., Park, S. Y., & Kim, S. K. (2010). Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of kefir in a mouse asthma model. Immunobiology, 215(9-10), 658-664.

- Kim, H. J., Kim, S. H., & Yun, J. M. (2017). Anti-inflammatory effects of Daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) bulb extract via suppression of NF-κB activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 195, 118-126.

- Park, J., & Kim, H. (2019). Effects of Narcissus Pseudo Narcissus (Daffodil) Flower Extract on skin hydration and barrier function. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 18(6), 1573-1579.

Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract

Function:

1. Definition Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract:

Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract is derived from the flowers of the red clover plant. It is known for its soothing and antioxidant properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Clover flower extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to calm and hydrate the skin. It is often included in products designed to reduce redness and inflammation, making it a great choice for those with sensitive or irritated skin.

3. Usage Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract:

Clover flower extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, such as moisturizers, serums, and masks. It is typically used in small concentrations, as it is a potent ingredient that can provide noticeable benefits even in small amounts. When using products containing clover flower extract, it is important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and to perform a patch test to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- Barel, A., Paye, M., & Maibach, H. (2001). Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology. CRC Press.

- Mukherjee, P. K., & Nema, N. K. (2013). Cosmeceuticals and Active Cosmetics: Drugs vs. Cosmetics. CRC Press.

- Ma, L., & Li, X. (2015). Natural Products in Cosmetics. Royal Society of Chemistry.

Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract

Other name: Chrysanthemum indicum Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract:

Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract is derived from the Chrysanthellum Indicum plant, also known as the Indian Chrysanthemum. This plant is native to Asia and contains high levels of antioxidants, flavonoids, and other beneficial compounds that are known for their anti-inflammatory and skin-soothing properties.

2. Use:

Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract is commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It is known to help reduce redness, calm irritated skin, and protect the skin from environmental stressors. Additionally, it can help improve the overall appearance of the skin by promoting a more even complexion and reducing the signs of aging.

3. Usage Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract:

Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It is usually incorporated into formulations at a concentration of 1-5% to ensure optimal efficacy. To use products containing this extract, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed by the manufacturer. It is important to patch test any new skincare product containing Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. G., Lee, J. Y., Lee, S. H., & Kim, J. H. (2016). Anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects of Chrysanthellum Indicum extract. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 15(3), 219-224.

- Kim, M. J., Kim, S. Y., Lee, J. H., & Kim, J. H. (2017). Protective effects of Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract on UVB-induced skin damage in mice. Phytotherapy Research, 31(6), 924-930.

- Park, S. Y., Kim, Y. G., Lee, J. Y., & Kim, J. H. (2018). Antioxidant properties of Chrysanthellum Indicum Extract and its potential applications in skincare products. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 69(2), 105-112.

Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting

1. Definition Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract:

Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract is a natural ingredient derived from the buds and flowers of the Magnolia Biondii tree. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin-soothing properties.

2. Use:

Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract is commonly used in skincare products for its ability to reduce redness, soothe irritated skin, and protect against environmental stressors. It is often found in products targeting sensitive or reactive skin types.

3. Usage Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract:

Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products such as serums, moisturizers, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2% and should be applied to clean skin as part of a regular skincare routine. It is generally safe for all skin types, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a new product containing this ingredient to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Kim, J. E., Lee, S. Y., Kim, Y. H., Lee, S., Kim, K. H., & Chung, J. H. (2011). Magnoliae Flos inhibits the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway in keratinocytes: a possible mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of a traditional herbal medicine in dermatitis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133(1), 146-153.

- Kim, J. E., Son, J. E., Jang, Y. J., Lee, D. E., Kang, N. J., Jung, S. K., ... & Lee, K. W. (2010). Extract of Magnoliae Flos inhibits ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by blocking osteoclastogenesis and reducing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Fitoterapia, 81(8), 1092-1101.

- Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. G., Ra, J. C., Kim, S. Y., & Lee, M. H. (2009). Anti-inflammatory effect of Magnolia biondii flower extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264. 7 macrophages. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 126(2), 221-227.

Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract

Function:

1. Definition Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract:

Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract is derived from the flowers of the Japanese Honeysuckle plant. It is known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Lonicera Japonica Flower Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its ability to calm and soothe the skin. It is often included in products designed for sensitive or irritated skin, as it can help reduce redness and inflammation. Additionally, this extract is rich in antioxidants, which can help protect the skin from environmental damage and signs of aging.

3. Usage Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract:

Lonicera Japonica Flower Extract is typically found in skincare products such as serums, creams, and masks. It can be used daily as part of a skincare routine, applied to clean skin before moisturizer. It is important to follow the instructions on the product packaging and to perform a patch test before using it on a larger area of skin, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. S., Oh, T. H., & Kim, S. K. (2006). Lonicera japonica Thunb. protects keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 104(2-3), 276-281.

- Lee, J. H., Kim, G. H., & Lee, J. S. (2015). Anti-inflammatory effect of Lonicera japonica in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Journal of Korean Medicine, 36(3), 88-97.

- Zhang, Y. J., Huang, Z. Q., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Lonicera japonica Thunb: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 245, 112158.

Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower Extract

Function: Masking, Fragrance

1. Definition Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower Extract:

Jasmine Officinale (Jasmine) Flower Extract is derived from the flowers of the Jasmine plant through a solvent extraction process. It is known for its aromatic and therapeutic properties, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

2. Use:

Jasmine Officinale Flower Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing and calming properties. It is often included in products such as moisturizers, serums, and masks to help hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote a radiant complexion. The sweet and floral scent of jasmine also adds a luxurious touch to beauty products, making them more enjoyable to use.

3. Usage Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower Extract:

When using products containing Jasmine Officinale Flower Extract, it is important to perform a patch test first to check for any allergic reactions. It is generally safe for most skin types, but individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation. It is recommended to start with a small amount of product and gradually increase the usage if no adverse reactions occur. As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is best to consult with a dermatologist if you have any concerns about using Jasmine Officinale Flower Extract.

4. References:

- Choi, J. H., Kim, D. W., Yun, N., & Jeong, S. I. (2019). Anti-inflammatory effects of Jasminum officinale L. flower extract on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 20(5), 4473-4481.

- Lee, J. Y., Kim, Y. H., & Kim, H. J. (2019). Anti-inflammatory effects of Jasminum officinale L. flower extract in a murine model of allergic asthma. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 238, 111872.

- Kumar, S., Sood, R., & Sharma, S. (2013). Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Jasminum officinale Linn. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, 5(3), 232-236.

Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract

Function: Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract:

Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract, also known as prickly pear extract, is derived from the stems of the Opuntia Ficus Indica cactus. This extract is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a popular ingredient in skincare products.

2. Use:

Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract is commonly used in cosmetics for its moisturizing, anti-aging, and skin-soothing properties. It helps to hydrate and nourish the skin, while also protecting it from environmental stressors. Additionally, this extract can help to improve skin elasticity and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

3. Usage Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract:

Opuntia Ficus Indica Stem Extract can be found in a variety of skincare products, including serums, creams, and masks. It is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-5% in formulations. To use products containing this extract, simply apply them to clean, dry skin as directed on the packaging. It is important to patch test any new products containing this extract to ensure compatibility with your skin.

4. References:

- Kim, S. H., Lee, S. Y., & Lee, E. N. (2014). Opuntia ficus-indica seed attenuates hepatic steatosis and promotes M2 macrophage polarization in high-fat diet-fed mice. Nutrition Research, 34(7), 617-626.

- Park, E. H., Kahng, J. H., Lee, S. H., & Shin, K. H. (1998). An anti-inflammatory principle from cactus. Fitoterapia, 69(5), 509-511.

- Feugang, J. M., Konarski, P., Zou, D., Stintzing, F. C., & Zou, C. (2006). Nutritional and medicinal use of Cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) cladodes and fruits. Frontiers in Bioscience, 11(1), 2574-2589.

Ethylhexylglycerin

Other name: Octoxyglycerin

Function: Deodorant, Skin Conditioning

1. Definition Ethylhexylglycerin:

Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic compound derived from vegetable glycerin and is commonly used in cosmetics as a skin conditioning agent and preservative. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint odor.

2. Use:

Ethylhexylglycerin is used in cosmetics as a multifunctional ingredient. It acts as a skin conditioning agent, moisturizer, and preservative. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, leaving the skin feeling smooth and soft. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that help to extend the shelf life of the product by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi.

3. Usage Ethylhexylglycerin:

Ethylhexylglycerin is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in skincare products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, and serums. It can also be used in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, but it is always recommended to do a patch test before using a product containing Ethylhexylglycerin to check for any potential allergic reactions.

4. References:

- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ethylhexylglycerin.

- "Safety Assessment of Ethylhexylglycerin as Used in Cosmetics." Cosmetic Ingredient Review, www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/ethylhexylg012017rep.pdf.

- "Ethylhexylglycerin." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/ethylhexylglycerin.

Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

Other name: cremophor rh-40

Function: Perfuming, Fragrance, Emulsifying, Surfactant

1. Definition Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil:

Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is a polyethylene glycol derivative of hydrogenated castor oil. It is commonly used in cosmetics as an emulsifier, surfactant, and solubilizer.

2. Use:

Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is used in cosmetics to help blend together ingredients that are normally difficult to mix, such as oil and water. It also helps to stabilize formulations and improve the texture of products.

3. Usage Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil:

Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is typically used in concentrations ranging from 1-10% in cosmetic formulations. It is often found in creams, lotions, serums, and other skincare products. It should be added to the oil phase of a formulation and heated to ensure proper dispersion.

Precautions: While Peg 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before using a product containing this ingredient, especially if you have sensitive skin. Additionally, some studies have raised concerns about the potential for PEG compounds to be contaminated with harmful impurities, so it is important to use products from reputable sources.

4. References:

- "PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil." Cosmetics Info, www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/peg-40-hydrogenated-castor-oil.

- "PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil." Truth In Aging, www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/peg-40-hydrogenated-castor-oil.

- "PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil." Paula's Choice Skincare, www.paulaschoice.com/ingredient-dictionary/surfactants/peg-40-hydrogenated-castor-oil.

Phenoxyethanol

Other name: Phenoxethol; 2-phenoxyethanol; Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether; Phenyl cellosolve; Protectol PE

Function: Fragrance, Preservative

1. Definition Phenoxyethanol:

Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is a colorless and odorless liquid that helps prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various beauty products.

2. Use:

Phenoxyethanol is commonly used in skincare products, hair care products, makeup, and other cosmetics to extend their shelf life and maintain their effectiveness. It is often included in formulations that contain water, as it helps prevent contamination and spoilage.

3. Usage Phenoxyethanol:

When using cosmetics containing phenoxyethanol, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations. It is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics when used in concentrations of up to 1%, but some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products with phenoxyethanol, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Draelos, Z. D. (2010). Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products. John Wiley & Sons.

- Loden, M., & Maibach, H. I. (2000). Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function. CRC Press.

- Fiume, M. M., Heldreth, B., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., ... & Andersen, F. A. (2016). Safety assessment of phenoxyethanol as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 35(4), 386-419.

Chlorphenesin

Other name: Maolate

Function: Preservative, Antimicrobial, Cosmetic Biocide

1. Definition Chlorphenesin:

Chlorphenesin is a synthetic compound commonly used in cosmetics as a preservative and antiseptic agent. It is a white crystalline powder with a mild, pleasant odor.

2. Use:

Chlorphenesin is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in various personal care products. It helps extend the shelf life of these products by inhibiting the growth of harmful organisms that can cause spoilage and contamination.

3. Usage Chlorphenesin:

Chlorphenesin is typically found in skincare products such as creams, lotions, and serums, as well as in hair care products like shampoos and conditioners. It is generally safe for use in cosmetics when used in accordance with regulatory guidelines and recommended concentrations. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and avoid using products containing chlorphenesin if you have known allergies or sensitivities to the compound.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Final report on the safety assessment of chlorphenesin. Int J Toxicol. 2007;26 Suppl 3:61-72. doi: 10.1080/10915810701663150.

- Personal Care Products Council. Safety Assessment of Chlorphenesin as Used in Cosmetics. 2013. https://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr126.pdf.

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. 2019. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.822.

Fragrance

Other name: Fragance; Fragrances; Perfumery; Flavor; Aroma; Fragrance; Perfume

Function: Masking, Perfuming, Deodorant

1. Definition Fragrance:

Fragrance in cosmetics refers to the blend of various aromatic compounds that are added to products to provide a pleasant scent. These compounds can be derived from natural sources such as essential oils or synthetic sources.

2. Use:

Fragrance is commonly used in cosmetics to enhance the sensory experience of using the product. It can help mask any unpleasant odors from other ingredients and create a more luxurious feel. Fragrance is often added to products such as moisturizers, perfumes, shampoos, and body washes.

3. Usage Fragrance:

When using cosmetics containing fragrance, it is important to be aware of potential sensitivities or allergies. Some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to certain fragrances. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using a new product to check for any adverse reactions. Additionally, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application and storage of the product to ensure the fragrance remains stable and effective.

4. References:

- Steinemann, A. (2019). Fragranced consumer products: exposures and effects from emissions. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12(6), 643-645.

- Lachenmeier, D. W., & Haltner, E. (2019). Fragrance allergens in household cleaning products. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(15), 15145-15147.

- Basketter, D. A., & Angelini, G. (2019). Fragrance allergens in fine fragrances and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 80(3), 145-147.

Disodium Edta

Other name: Endrate; Disodium Edetate; Disodium Salt; Disodium EDTA; Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; EDTA Disodium Salt; EDTA-2Na

Function: Chelating Agent, Viscosity Controlling

1. Definition Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, is a chelating agent commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. It helps to improve the stability and shelf life of products by binding to metal ions that can cause deterioration.

2. Use:

Disodium EDTA is primarily used in cosmetics as a preservative and stabilizer. It helps to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria, as well as maintain the texture and appearance of products. Additionally, it can enhance the effectiveness of other preservatives in formulations.

3. Usage Disodium Edta:

Disodium EDTA is typically used in concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% in cosmetics. It is water-soluble and can be added to a wide range of products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup. However, it is important to note that while Disodium EDTA is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics, some individuals may be sensitive to it and experience skin irritation. It is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Disodium EDTA, especially if you have sensitive skin.

4. References:

- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. (2002). Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA. International Journal of Toxicology, 21(Suppl 2), 95-142.

- Personal Care Products Council. (2019). EDTA. Retrieved from https://www.personalcarecouncil.org/ingredient-info/edta/

- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2019). Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1133